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First International Scientific Conference of

Faculty of Science - Ain Shams University

“New Frontiers in Science”

Under the Auspices of

Prof. Khaled A. Abdel-Ghaffar

Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research

Prof. Khaled Mohamed Fahmy

Minister of Environment

Prof. Abdel-Wahab Ezzat

President, Ain Shams University

Prof. Abdel-Naser B. Sengab

Vice President, Ain Shams University

Conference Chairman

Prof. Ahmed Aly Ismail

Dean, Faculty of Science

Conference Rapporteur

Prof. Mohamed Ragaa El-Sotohi

Vice Dean, Faculty of Science

General Coordinator

Prof. Magdy T. Khalil

Professor of Ecology, Faculty of Science

Organizing Committees

Prof. Eman M. Abdelazeem

Prof. Ayman H. Kamel

Dr. Abdel-Rahman B. Abdel-Ghaffar

Dr. Fawzia A. A. Abd El-Rahman

New Frontiers in Science

ICNFS ‘17

Within the community role of the Faculty of Science, Ain

Shams University, and in its process to achieve its mission

considering the scientific research as a bridge to reform and a

real paving for the economic renaissance and comprehensive

development, Faculty of Science is honored to hold its first

international scientific conference. The conference aims at

exploring and highlighting the new horizons in various fields of

science through displaying the distinguished scientific articles

of researchers from different disciplines, to face the challenges

of the community and support the comprehensive and

sustainable development.

Among the themes of the conference are:

1. Innovative Technology.

2. Drug Design and Delivery.

3. Renewable and Sustainable Energy.

4. Conservation of the Environment: Modeling and

Management.

5. Materials and Earth Sciences.

6. Nanotechnology and Nanosciences.

Sponsors

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https://www.jeol.co.jp/en/

ConferenceSchedule

- xi -

Day 1 – Tuesday, October 24, 2017

Registration and Opening Ceremony

05:30 pm – 06:30 pm Registration

06:30 pm – 07:00 pm Opening Ceremony

Plenary Session I

07:00 pm – 07:30 pm Ecological Human Imprint in Egypt: Prospective

Analysis and Views from Ecological Sustainability

and Modeling.

Safwat H. Shakir Hanna

Professor of Chemical Engineering, Prairie View A&M

University, The Texas A&M University, Texas, USA.

- xii -

Day 2 – Wednesday, October 25, 2017

Session II – Plenary Session

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Ismail – Prof. Dr. Mohamed Ragaa

09:00 am – 09:30 am The Emergence of Interdisciplinary Computing.

Ahmed Abdel-Fattah

Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

09:30 am – 10:00 am Microbiome: Are we in Control!!!

Abdel-Rahman B. Abdel-Ghaffar, PhD

Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain

Shams University.

Session III – Conservation of the Environment: Modeling and Management.

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Refaat – Prof. Dr. Magdy Tawfik

Prof. Dr. Hani Fikry Ragai

10:00 am – 10:15 am Novel extraction and industry from wastes of the

freshwater crawfish (ASRT - JESOR Project);

Introduction.

Prof. Dr. Magdy T. Khalil

Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

10:15 am – 10:30 am New Direct method of age determination in

crustaceans: high potential of long-term applied

research in Egypt.

Dr. Raouf Kilada

University of New Brunswick, Canada.

10:30 am – 10:45 am Fisheries of Crayfish

Prof. Dr. Sahar Fahmy

National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries.

10:45 am – 11:00 am Some Applications on Exoskeleton Wastes of

Crayfish.

Prof. Dr. Abeer A. Saeed

Animal Health Research Institute.

11:00 am – 11:30 am Break

- xiii -

11:30 am – 11:45 am Smart Polymers for Biomedical, Food Safety and

Environmental Applications.

Prof. Dr. Hossam E. M. Sayour


11:45 am – 12:00 pm Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in the Internet of

Things (IoT).

Prof. Dr. Hani Fikry Ragai

Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University

12:00 pm – 12:15 pm Computational tools for Designing Smart Polymers.

Dr. Ahmed Farouk Sadek

Agricultural Research Center.

12:15 pm – 12:30 pm Using of innovative non-woven fabric as packing

material for wastewater treatment.

Prof. Dr. Mohamed Ali Mahmoud

National Research Center.

12:30 pm – 12:45 pm Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Applications in

Aquaponics.

Dr. Ihab Adly Shohdy

Tegrom, CEO.

12:45 pm – 01:00 pm Seasonal variations of the testes of the small-scaled

terapon, Terapon puta, (Terapontidae) from Lake

Timsah, Ismailia, Egypt.

Marwa El-Naggar.

Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

01:00 pm – 03:00 pm Lunch

- xiv -

Session IV – Innovative Technology: Drug Design and Delivery

Prof. Dr. Shadia Fatthy – Prof. Dr. Mohamed Ragaa

Prof. Dr. Tarek Mostafa Ali

04:00 pm – 04:15 pm Development of an efficient in vivo cell-based assay

system for monitoring hepatitis C virus genotype 4a

NS3/4A protease activity.

Mohamed M. Naguib


Shams University.

04:15 pm – 04:30 pm Identification of novel small molecule inhibitors

against the NS3/4A protease of genotype 4a hepatitis

C virus.

Sara M. El-Sayed


Shams University.

04:30 pm – 04:45 pm Role of autophagy activation in a diabetic rat model

with insulin resistance.

Shaimaa H. Gadallah.


Shams University.

04:45 pm – 05:00 pm Biochemical Studies on Chitosan as Cisplatin Carrier

in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats.

Shimaa S. El-Hossieny

Fayoum Drinking Water And Sanitation Company.

05:00 pm – 05:15 pm Improving of Doxorubicin Efficacy via Chitosan

Carrier Vehicle in Rats with Hepatocellular

Carcinoma.

Asmaa Nady

Fayoum Drinking Water and Sanitation Company.

05:15 pm – 05:30 pm The relation between Fok 1 Polymorphism and breast

cancer in Egyptian women.

Nariman Ahmed

Modern Sciences and Arts University.

05:30 pm – 05:45 pm Medicinal potential of Lycopene extract and Tomato

juice in attenuating some biochemical and

antioxidant capacity disorders associated with

hepatocellular carcinoma.

Samir B. Eskandar.

Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority.

- xv -

05:45 pm – 06:00 pm The Potential of Lycopene Extract and Tomato Juice

as Natural Remedy for Induced Hepato-

carcinogenesis in Male Albino Rats, Histological

study.

Lamia R Azzam


06:00 pm – 06:15 pm Clinical significance of MicroRNA-21 and

microRNA-34a in in Egyptian Breast Cancer Female

Patients.

Ahmad S. Kodous


06:15 pm – 06:30 pm FGF-23 as a Biomarker for Kidney Disease.

Dina Helal

Farid Habib Specialized Hospital.

06:30 pm – 06:45 pm Innovative Ideas For Raising Funding Abilities and

Improve Transparency.

Marwa Maher

MSc Student, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of

Science, Ain Shams University.

06:45 pm – 07:00 pm Discussion

- xvi -

Day 3 – Thursday, October 26, 2017

Session V – Plenary Session

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Ismail – Prof. Dr. Ahmed Refaat

09:00 am – 09:30 am Fifty Years with Analytical Chemistry.

Saad S. M. Hassan, D.Sc.

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University

09:30 am – 10:00 am Introduction about the NARSSS.

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Hussein

National Authority for Remote Sensing & Space

Sciences.

Session VI – Remote Sensing and Space Sciences

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Hussein – Prof. Dr. Naser M. Hasan

10:00 am – 10:15 am Land Cover Classification Using Eo-1 Hyperspectral

Data.

Prof Dr. Nagwan M. Afify


Sciences.

10:15 am – 10:30 am Climate change and its impacts on Egypt using

Remote Sensing and GIS techniques.

Prof. Dr. Alaa H. El-Nahry


Sciences.

10:30 am – 10:45 am Mapping the Potential Fishing Zones of the Egyptian

Marine Resources.

Dr. Sameh Elkafrawy


Sciences.

10:45 am – 11:00 am Analysis of Urban Heat Islands Using Landsat Data

Over Cairo, Egypt.

Dr. Naglaa Zanaty.


Sciences.

- xvii -

11:00 am – 11:15 am Salt-mineral potentiality of Wadi El Natrun saline

Lakes, north Western Desert, Egypt: New

implications from remote sensing data.

Salem M. Salem.


Sciences

11:15 am – 11:30 am Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) infection detection based

on field spectral data.

Mona Younes.


Sciences.

11:30 am – 11:45 am Selection of optimal hyperspectral zones and

vegetation indices for estimating chlorophyll content

of some natural plant species.

Ghada Ali Khodary.


Sciences.

11:45 am – 12:00 pm Monitoring spatiotemporal shoreline dynamics along

the Egyptian Mediterranean coastal strip from Sidi

Abd El-Rahman to El-Arish quantitatively using

Landsat images.

Wiame W. M. Emam

Zoology Department, Faculty of science, Ain Shams

University, Cairo, Egypt.

12:00 pm - 12:15 pm Break

Session VII – Material and Applied Science

Prof. Dr. Saad S. M. Hassan – Prof. Dr. Fayed F. Ghaleb

Prof. Dr. Hossam E. M. Sayour

12:15 pm - 12:30 pm Digital imaging devices as sensors in the analytical

laboratory.

Ashraf A. Mohamed.

Vice Dean, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

12:30 pm - 12:45 pm Improvement of Cu Foil Electrical Conductivity by

Plasma Exposure.

Mostafa Elsayed Ali.

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

- xviii -

12:45 pm - 01:00 pm Influence of ionizing radiation and waste rubber ash

treated by acrylate monomer on physico-mechanical

properties of styrene butadiene rubber composites.

Eman M. Hamdy.

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

01:00 pm - 01:15 pm A ashing algorithm improving the exogenous gene

silencing problem.

Soha I. Soliman

Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

01:15 pm - 01:30 pm Fault Geometry and Structural Style in the North

Ramadan Field, South Central Gulf Of Suez, Egypt.

Dr. Antoine Guirguis

Geology Deptartment, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

01:30 pm – 03:00 pm Lunch

Session VIII – Environmental and Microbial Bioscience

Prof. Dr. Mohamed S. Salama - Prof. Dr Safwat H. Shakir

Prof. Dr. Ehab Mostafa Ali

04:00 pm – 04:15 pm Studies on the Role of Earthworms in Bioremediation

of Motor Oil.

Safwat H. Shakir.

Professor of Chemical Engineering, Prairie View A&M

University, The Texas A&M University, Texas, USA.

04:15 pm – 04:30 pm Assessment of environmental fluctuations in some

xerophytes phytochemical constituents inhabiting

Wadi Sudr and their antimicrobial bioactivity.

Samar Samir Mohamed.

Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain

Shams University.

04:30 pm – 04:45 pm Assessment of chemical composition of three species

of Lamiaceae; Phlomis aurea, Origanium syricum and

Nepeta septemcrenata growing in different habitats at

south Sinai, Egypt.

Dr. Nagwa E. El-Badry

Suez University.

- xix -

04:45 pm – 05:00 pm Antibacterial activity of liposomal amikacin against

clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

Sally M. Helmy

Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

05:00 pm – 05:15 pm Effects of Spent Motor Oil Pollution on Morphology

of Pollen Grains of Some Wild Plants in Egypt.

Heba Elazab

Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

05:15 pm – 05:30 pm Confirmation of the occurrence in North-Eastern

Africa and novel morphotaxonomic feature of the

rare charophyte Chara globata.

Abdullah A. Saber

Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

05:30 pm – 05:45 pm Determination of Genetic variation of the Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus in Freshwater Fisheries of

Egypt.

Omaima Khafagy

Arish University.

05:45 pm – 06:00 pm Biochemical and taxonomic studies on the Egyptian

forms of the subfamily Gerbillinae (rodentia).

Kareem M. Soliman

Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

06:00 pm – 06:15 pm Characterization, solubilization and biological

activity of chitosan from the oriental hornet (Vespa

orientalis).

Eman Eissa

Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams

University.

Closing Session

06:.30 am – 07:00 am Concluding Remarks and Recommendations

- xx -

Day 4 – Friday, October 27, 2017

Open Day

Note: Some social activities will be organized during the conference and

will be announced at time.

- xxi -

Poster Session

Session IX – Poster Session

Central Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

Aman-Allah M. Zaki.

Central Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

A ChitosanTiO2 nanocomposite imprinted polymer for the effective

removal of Congo red dye from textile wastewater.

Ashraf A. Mohamed

Vice Dean, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

Anti-bacterial activity studies on textile modified with silver metal,

copper, zinc and magnesium oxides nanoparticles.

Doaa M. EL-Mekkawi

National research Center.

Effect of Gamma Radiation on a Mixed Dye Film and its Possible Use

as a Radiation Dosimeter.

Asmaa Sobhy.


Modified Double-Disc Synergy Test (MDDST) Versus Double-Disc

Synergy Test (DDST) for Detection of ESBL(S) in AMPC ?-lactamase-

Producing Klebsiella Clinical Isolates.

Mona A. Rizk

Ain Shams Specialized Hospital.

Evaluation of multiplex PCR techniques for klebsiella producing

AmpC-? lactamases in clinically significant klebsiella isolates.

Mona A. Rizk

Ain Shams Specialized Hospital.

Liposomal-antibiotics for drug delivery; In-Vitro antibacterial activity

and drug-phospholipid bilayer interactions.

Sally M. Helmy

Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

Ontology-Based Detection of Concept Descriptions from Hand-Drawn

Sketches.

Naswa M. Abdel-Ghaffar

Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

Recognizing Geometric Shapes Using Fuzzy Formal Concept Analysis.

Nermine A. Abdallah


- xxii -

Smartness as emerging tool for innovation: (Do not waste crustacean waste).

Hossam E. M. Sayour


Chitosan based adjuvant for smart vaccine delivery.

Hossam E. M. Sayour.


Biocompatibility and biodistribution of surface-modified nanoparticles for

potential theranostic applications.



Enterbactericaea surface imprintind polymers for whole cell recognition.

Hani Ragaie.

Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University.

Studies on Validation of Online Monitoring System for Aquaponics Based on

Electrochemical Sensors.

Hani Ragaie.


Coreshell polymeric nanoparticles for selective heavy metals recognition and

scavenging rested in crayfish digestive tract.



SPONSORS

- xxiii -

Table of Content

FIRST INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF FACULTY OF SCIENCE - AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY “NEW FRONTIERS IN SCIENCE” ...................................................................... III

....................................................................................................................... VII

DAY 1 – TUESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2017 .............................................................................. XI

DAY 2 – WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2017 ........................................................................ XII

DAY 3 – THURSDAY, OCTOBER 26, 2017 .......................................................................... XVI

DAY 4 – FRIDAY, OCTOBER 27, 2017 OPEN DAY ............................................................. XX

POSTER SESSION ............................................................................................................. XXI

TABLE OF CONTENT ...................................................................................................... XXIII

ECOLOGICAL HUMAN IMPRINT IN EGYPT: PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND VIEWS FROM ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY AND MODELING. ................................................................ 3

THE EMERGENCE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY COMPUTING ..................................................... 4

MICROBIOME: ARE WE IN CONTROL!!! .............................................................................. 5

NOVEL EXTRACTION AND INDUSTRY FROM WASTES OF THE FRESHWATER CRAWFISH (ASRT - JESOR PROJECT); INTRODUCTION. ......................................................................... 6

NEW DIRECT METHOD OF AGE DETERMINATION IN CRUSTACEANS: HIGH POTENTIAL OF LONG-TERM APPLIED RESEARCH IN EGYPT. ....................................................................... 7

THE FISHERY CHARACTERISTICS AND THE POSITIVE IMPACTS OF SOME ALIEN SPECIES IN EGYPT: CRAYFISH AS FRESHWATER SPECIES AND PUFFER FISH AS MARINE SPECIES. ......... 8

SOME APPLICATIONS ON EXOSKELETON WASTES OF CRAYFISH. ....................................... 9

SMART POLYMERS FOR BIOMEDICAL, FOOD SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS. ................................................................................................................ 10

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS (WSN) IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT). ...................... 11

COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR DESIGNING SMART POLYMERS. ....................................... 12

USING OF INNOVATIVE NON-WOVEN FABRIC AS PACKING MATERIAL FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT. .................................................................................................................... 13

INDUSTRIAL INTERNET OF THINGS (IIOT) APPLICATION IN AQUAPONICS. ....................... 14

SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF THE TESTES OF THE SMALL-SCALED TERAPON, TERAPON PUTA, (TERAPONTIDAE) FROM LAKE TIMSAH, ISMAILIA, EGYPT. ............................................... 15

DEVELOPMENT OF AN EFFICIENT IN VIVO CELL-BASED ASSAY SYSTEM FOR MONITORING HEPATITIS C VIRUS GENOTYPE 4A NS3/4A PROTEASE ACTIVITY. ...................................... 16

IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS AGAINST THE NS3/4A PROTEASE OF GENOTYPE 4A HEPATITIS C VIRUS. ............................................................ 17

ROLE OF AUTOPHAGY ACTIVATION IN A DIABETIC RAT MODEL WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE. .................................................................................................................... 18

- xxiv -

BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CHITOSAN AS CISPLATIN CARRIER IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN RATS. ....................................................................................................... 19

IMPROVING OF DOXORUBICIN EFFICACY VIA CHITOSAN CARRIER VEHICLE IN RATS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA........................................................................................ 20

THE RELATION BETWEEN FOK 1 POLYMORPHISM AND BREAST CANCER IN EGYPTIAN WOMEN. .......................................................................................................................... 21

MEDICINAL POTENTIAL OF LYCOPENE EXTRACT AND TOMATO JUICE IN ATTENUATING SOME BIOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA........................................................................................ 22

THE POTENTIAL OF LYCOPENE EXTRACT AND TOMATO JUICE AS NATURAL REMEDY FOR INDUCED HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS IN MALE ALBINO RATS, HISTOLOGICAL STUDY. ....... 23

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MICRORNA-21 AND MICRORNA-34A IN IN EGYPTIAN BREAST CANCER FEMALE PATIENTS. .............................................................................................. 24

FGF-23 AS A BIOMARKER FOR KIDNEY DISEASE. ............................................................... 25

INNOVATIVE IDEAS FOR RAISING FUNDING ABILITIES AND IMPROVE TRANSPARENCY. ... 26

FIFTY YEARS WITH ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. .................................................................... 27

LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING EO-1 HYPERSPECTRAL DATA. ................................. 28

CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS ON EGYPT USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES. .................................................................................................................... 29

MAPPING THE POTENTIAL FISHING ZONES OF THE EGYPTIAN MARINE RESOURCES. ........ 30

ANALYSIS OF URBAN HEAT ISLANDS USING LANDSAT DATA OVER CAIRO, EGYPT. ........... 31

SALT-MINERAL POTENTIALITY OF WADI EL NATRUN SALINE LAKES, NORTH WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT: NEW IMPLICATIONS FROM REMOTE SENSING DATA. ............................. 32

SUGAR BEET (BETA VULGARIS L.) INFECTION DETECTION BASED ON FIELD SPECTRAL DATA. ............................................................................................................................... 33

SELECTION OF OPTIMAL HYPERSPECTRAL ZONES AND VEGETATION INDICES FOR ESTIMATING CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT OF SOME NATURAL PLANT SPECIES. ..................... 34

MONITORING SPATIOTEMPORAL SHORELINE DYNAMICS ALONG THE EGYPTIAN MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL STRIP FROM SIDI ABD EL-RAHMAN TO EL-ARISH QUANTITATIVELY USING LANDSAT IMAGES. .................................................................... 35

DIGITAL IMAGING DEVICES AS SENSORS IN THE ANALYTICAL LABORATORY. ................... 36

IMPROVEMENT OF CU FOIL ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY BY PLASMA EXPOSURE. ............. 37

INFLUENCE OF IONIZING RADIATION AND WASTE RUBBER ASH TREATED BY ACRYLATE MONOMER ON PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER COMPOSITES. ................................................................................................................... 38

A HASHING ALGORITHM IMPROVING THE EXOGENOUS GENE SILENCING PROBLEM. ...... 39

FAULT GEOMETRY AND STRUCTURAL STYLE IN THE NORTH RAMADAN FIELD, SOUTH CENTRAL GULF OF SUEZ, EGYPT. ....................................................................................... 40

STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF EARTHWORMS IN BIOREMEDIATION OF MOTOR OIL. ............. 41

- xxv -

ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FLUCTUATIONS IN SOME XEROPHYTES PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS INHABITING WADI SUDR AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL BIOACTIVITY. ................................................................................................................... 42

ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THREE SPECIES OF LAMIACEAE; PHLOMIS AUREA, ORIGANIUM SYRICUM AND NEPETA SEPTEMCRENATA GROWING IN DIFFERENT HABITATS AT SOUTH SINAI, EGYPT. ................................................................................. 43

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LIPOSOMAL AMIKACIN AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. ............................................................................................ 44

EFFECTS OF SPENT MOTOR OIL POLLUTION ON MORPHOLOGY OF POLLEN GRAINS OF SOME WILD PLANTS IN EGYPT. ........................................................................................ 45

CONFIRMATION OF THE OCCURRENCE IN NORTH-EASTERN AFRICA AND NOVEL MORPHOTAXONOMIC FEATURE OF THE RARE CHAROPHYTE CHARA GLOBATA. ............. 46

DETERMINATION OF GENETIC VARIATION OF THE NILE TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS IN FRESHWATER FISHERIES OF EGYPT. ............................................................................. 47

BIOCHEMICAL AND TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON THE EGYPTIAN FORMS OF THE SUBFAMILY GERBILLINAE (RODENTIA). ............................................................................................... 48

CHARACTERIZATION, SOLUBILIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN FROM THE ORIENTAL HORNET (VESPA ORIENTALIS). .................................................................. 49

A CHITOSAN-TIO2 NANOCOMPOSITE IMPRINTED POLYMER FOR THE EFFECTIVE REMOVAL OF CONGO RED DYE FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER.......................................................... 51

ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY STUDIES ON TEXTILE MODIFIED WITH SILVER METAL, COPPER, ZINC AND MAGNESIUM OXIDES NANOPARTICLES. .......................................................... 52

EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON A MIXED DYE FILM AND ITS POSSIBLE USE AS A RADIATION DOSIMETER ................................................................................................... 53

MODIFIED DOUBLE-DISC SYNERGY TEST (MDDST) VERSUS DOUBLE-DISC SYNERGY TEST (DDST) FOR DETECTION OF ESBL(S) IN AMPC Β-LACTAMASE-PRODUCING KLEBSIELLA CLINICAL ISOLATES. .......................................................................................................... 54

EVALUATION OF MULTIPLEX PCR TECHNIQUES FOR KLEBSIELLA PRODUCING AMPC-Β LACTAMASES IN CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT KLEBSIELLA ISOLATES. .................................... 55

LIPOSOMAL-ANTIBIOTICS FOR DRUG DELIVERY; IN-VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND DRUG-PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER INTERACTIONS. ............................................................... 56

ONTOLOGY-BASED DETECTION OF CONCEPT DESCRIPTIONS FROM HAND-DRAWN SKETCHES ......................................................................................................................... 57

RECOGNIZING GEOMETRIC SHAPES USING FUZZY FORMAL CONCEPT ANALYSIS ............. 58

SMARTNESS AS EMERGING TOOL FOR INNOVATION: (DO NOT WASTE CRUSTACEAN WASTE). ........................................................................................................................... 59

CHITOSAN BASED ADJUVANT FOR SMART VACCINE DELIVERY. ....................................... 60

BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND BIODISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE-MODIFIED NANOPARTICLES FOR POTENTIAL THERANOSTIC APPLICATIONS. ....................................................................... 61

- xxvi -

ENTERBACTERICAEA SURFACE IMPRINTIND POLYMERS FOR WHOLE CELL RECOGNITION. ......................................................................................................................................... 62

STUDIES ON VALIDATION OF ONLINE MONITORING SYSTEM FOR AQUAPONICS BASED ON ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS. .......................................................................................... 63

CORESHELL POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES FOR SELECTIVE HEAVY METALS RECOGNITION AND SCAVENGING RESTED IN CRAYFISH DIGESTIVE TRACT. ............................................. 64

OralAbstracts

- 3 -

Ecological Human Imprint in Egypt: Prospective Analysis and

Views from Ecological Sustainability and Modeling.

Safwat H. Shakir Hanna.

Texas Gulf Coast Environmental Data (TEXGED) Center, Chemical Engineering

Department, Roy G. Perry, College of Engineering, Prairie View A&M University,

The Texas A&M University System, USA.

Ecological Human Imprint (EHI) is a new index that is an important

measure for calculating the human demands and impacts on our global

environment. In this respect, the ecological human imprint is a function of all

the parameters that interact between the power of ecosystem productivity and

human interactions and activities on a particular ecosystem or the demand from

that ecosystem. The present paper is covering and analyzing the ecosystems’

productivity and the human demand from the ecosystems. It is producing

comprehensive analyses in measuring the possibility of capabilities of the

ecosystems to provide goods and services to the human beings on our planet

Earth. Further, the paper is discussing the models that can be used in measuring

the sustainability of ecosystems and, in particular, the natural resources in

Egypt. In this respect, the paper assessed and introduced a comprehensive

model called Ecological Human Imprint (EHI) and national resources changes

of Egypt (EHI-NR-EG) that can describe the status of our ecosystems’

productivity and the impacts of changing of all parameters that impacts the

natural resources current status and availability and human population within

the Egyptian boundaries. Furthermore, the paper is providing some answers to

the human issues in Egypt. Natural resources changes have many impacts and

consequences as the results of human activities. Additionally, the model has

provided a warning to the current trend in use and abuse of our natural

ecosystems. Furthermore, it provides a prediction on what will be expected

from these ecosystems to provide the human needs in response to the current

use of Egypt’s ecosystems.

- 4 -

The Emergence of Interdisciplinary Computing

Ahmed M. H. Abdel-Fattah


It is extremely difficult in this era to overcome the multitude of scientific

challenges using techniques and methodologies from only one discipline or

another, particularly in fields concerned with applied computation. The very

recent years show that it seems necessary to at least couple one’s findings in a

scientific field of study with a sort of computation that supports those findings.

The talk in hand gives evidence that interdisciplinary forms of study and

research in computer science are already shaping the future of many scientific

and technological breakthroughs. We focus on how these forms of research

positively affected recent scientific advances in “cognitive science”, which is

one of the major scientific fields that seriously took the perspective of unifying

a variety of interconnected disciplines into account as early as its label was

first coined in the late 1950s as an interdisciplinary field. The talk additionally

introduces the first Egyptian experience to promote a specific interplay

between cognitive science and artificial intelligence, as a paradigm that is

being developed at the Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, for coupling

research in applied computer science with practices in interdisciplinary

computing.

- 5 -

Microbiome: Are we in Control!!!

Abdel-Rahman B. Abdel-Ghaffar, PhD

Biochemistry Department, faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

According to Lederberg and McCray, Microbiome is defined as “The

ecological community of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic

microorganisms that literally share our body space”. Studying the human

genome made possible by the metagenomic advances. Metagenomic is the

study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples,

while traditional microbial genome sequencing and genomics rely upon

cultivated clonal cultures, early environmental gene sequencing cloned

specific genes (often the 16S rRNA gene) to produce a profile of diversity in a

natural sample. Also, the Hi-Tec advances specially in the field of DNA

sequencing helps in lowering the cost of the analysis which enables us to

perform profiling for thousands of micro-organisms based on their genetic

signature. As so, NIH initiate their Human Microbiome Project (HMP) with an

ultimate objective of demonstrating that there are opportunities to improve

human health through monitoring or manipulation of the human microbiome”

by taking advantage of new, high-throughput technologies to characterize the

human microbiome more fully by studying samples from multiple body sites.

This will help determining whether there are associations between changes in

the microbiome and health/disease by studying several different medical

conditions to provide both a standardized data resource and new technological

approaches to enable such studies to be undertaken broadly in the scientific

community.

- 6 -

Novel extraction and industry from wastes of the freshwater

crawfish (ASRT - JESOR Project); Introduction.

Magdy T. Khalil.


The crawfish Procambarus clarkii (Crustacea) had been introduced

accidentally to the Egyptian Nile water during early 1980's. It expanded rapidly

in the Egyptian freshwater ecosystems along the River Nile and its tributaries;

with benign prospects and non-benign impacts. No one knows exactly the total

stock of this animal along the River Nile and its tributaries. The proposal

addresses a solution for the problem of the crawfish wastes by developing an

industry using it in a positive way as a valuable, cheap and safe protein source

for poultry and fish forage from inedible parts, as well as carotenoid as feed

additives, antioxidant and biomaterials from its exoskeleton, that are

economically useful in veterinary applications. The distribution of the crawfish

in the River Nile will be studied with respect to its density, size and age. The

latter was never been assessed due to the lack of any method to determine the

age of crustaceans. The Egyptian Expert in the University of New Brunswick

(Saint John), Canada, has developed a new direct method for age determination

in crustaceans for the first time in the world. By knowing the age distribution

of the crawfish in the Nile, we will be able to relate the best size/age to be

collected and to provide us with the maximum valuable product in terms of

bioactive ingredients from its shell. We expect from the collaborative research

training of junior researchers in the new technique for crustacean aging for

determining population dynamics that contributing to proper management

measures. Also, the proposal addresses production of chitosan derivatives of

different molecular weights and preparation of micro- and/or nano-particles of

novel chitosan derivatives in the form of beads. Also, extraction of astaxanthin

from exoskeleton wastes, and grafting of chitosan with different synthetic

polymers for biomedical and environmental applications.

- 7 -

New Direct method of age determination in crustaceans: high

potential of long-term applied research in Egypt.

Raouf Kilada.

University of New Brunswick (Saint John) Canada.

Crustaceans, a commercially important class of arthropods in fisheries

and aquaculture, represent a major worldwide food component for human

consumption. Recently, growing interest regarding the ageing and longevity of

crustaceans has led to advancement in the field of age determination methods,

including the use of lipofuscin and the relatively new method; growth band

counts, veering from the classic approach of size modal analysis. This talk

provides an overview of literature published between 1990 and 2016 on

popular age determination methods (length–frequency analysis, lipofuscin

analysis, and growth band counts) applied to five main crustacean taxa

(shrimp, krill, crayfish, crabs and lobsters). The talk will address the only study

conducted in Egypt to apply the new method on the blue swimmer crab

(Portunus pelagicus). The method relies on counting growth bands in thin

sections of the eyestalks of shrimps and in the gastric mill ossicles of crabs and

lobsters. The method has been applied on different species around the world.

The talk will demonstrate examples of the species and various methods used

to validate the annual deposition of the counted band. The talk will also

illustrate the necessity of validation in all species before routine application in

stock assessment and/or conservation purposes.

- 8 -

The fishery characteristics and the positive impacts of some

alien species in Egypt: crayfish as freshwater species and puffer

fish as marine species.

Sahar Fahmy Mehanna

Head of Fish Population Dynamics Lab, NIOF, Egypt.

Many of the invasive species have been introduced by human, like

introducing the freshwater crayfish into the River Nile which impacts the

whole ecosystem of the Nile and by corridors like introducing the bufferfish

into Mediterranean Sea through Suez Canal. Freshwater crayfish Procambarus

clarkii is consider one of the biggest invasive species in the Egyptian aquatic

environment where they entered fresh water at the beginning of 1980's. Puffer

fish, Lagocephalus sceleratus and L. spadiceus may be the worst invasive alien

fish species throughout the eastern Mediterranean due to their impact on

human health. They are rapidly extended to Egyptian Mediterranean waters

and became abundant in the catch with considerable amounts. It is worth

mentioning that not all the impacts of invasion by alien species are negative.

In Egypt, there are many successful experiments to use the pufferfish toxins

for medical purposes and to use the exoskeleton of crayfish to produce chitin

and chitosan. Crayfish is a cheap source of protein and seafood. Similar to the

much more expensive shrimp and lobster, but much less in price compared to

them. A number of factories could be established to process these species along

with other species that not edible in their fresh state especially with the

situation of over population and the growing need for food. This presentation

will discuss and demonstrate the fishery characteristics and the economic

importance of crayfish and puffer fish and their contribution to the Egyptian

economy and food security for the growing population in Egypt.

- 9 -

Some applications on Exoskeleton wastes of crayfish.

Abeer A. Saeed.


Procambaru sclarkii (Cambaridae) had been accidentally introduced to

the Egyptian Nile water via a private fish farm during early 1980's (Ibrahim et

al., 1995).The yield of crawfish abdominal muscles (edible part) ranges from

25 - 40% of the total body weight, while large percentage is currently wasted.

On the other hand, crustacean shell waste consists mainly of 30-40% protein,

30-50% calcium carbonate, and 20-30% chitin. The solution for the problem

of the crawfish wastes by:

Developing an industry using it in a positive way as a valuable,

cheap and safe protein source for poultry and fish forage from

inedible parts.

The red crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) contains a high

concentration of red carotenoid (Astaxanthin) that could be used

as a supplementary feed pigment in the diet of laying hens, as

well as feed additives, antioxidant and biomaterials that are

economically useful in veterinary applications.

The exoskeletons of P. clarkii are good cheap source of chitin;

one of nature's most generous gifts chitin; which are a

biopolymer based on the N-acetyl-glucosamine monomer of

structurally and mechanically graded biological nanocomposite

biomaterial.

Natural, nontoxic, biopolymers chitin and chitosan have attracted

significant interest in view of varied proposed novel

applications. Use of these two functional polymers, especially

chitosan, is noted over a broad range of scientific areas, including

use in biomedical, food, and various chemical industries.

- 10 -

Smart Polymers for Biomedical, Food Safety and

Environmental Applications.


Biomedical Chemistry Unit, Animal Health Research Institute.

Smartness in polymers as an emerging tool for innovations is one of the main topics

of current researchers of multidiscipline research groups including basic sciences,

engineering and medicine. Main targets of these multidisciplinary approaches are bio-

inspired materials, soft nanotechnology, green catalysis, block copolymer patterning, new-

generation sensor platforms and self-assembly. Scientists have been working for

decades to mimic the exquisite molecular recognition ability of biological molecules

such as antibodies, enzymes, and receptors. One approach is to design and synthesize

"small-molecule" receptor surrogates such as the crown ethers, cyclodextrins, and

cyclophanes. The importance of this work was recognized with the award of the Nobel

Prize to Cram, Lehn, and Pedersen in 1987. On the other hand, the design and construction

of "macromolecular" synthetic receptors has not been as successful. In the recent years,

imprinted polymers have been used to capture/recognize everything from macromolecules

to inorganic ions. Recognition plays an important role in biological systems and is observed

in between receptor- ligand, antigen-antibody, DNA-protein, sugar-lectin, RNA-

ribosome, substrate-enzyme etc.The molecular biomimetic approach opens up new avenues

for the design and utilization of multifunctional molecular systems with wide ranging

applications, from tissue engineering/regenerative, drug delivery, affinity separation,

catalysis and biosensors to nanotechnology and bioremediation. The identification of

the diversity of animal disease biomarkers or epitopic/motifs fractions; like proteins,

glycoproteins and lipopolysccarides has a potential diagnostic/ therapeutic (theranostic)

importance. Molecular biomimetics could be a strategic initiative to combine clinical

and basic researches into a directed application toward theragnosis. The concept of

personalized medicine has gained a lot of press in the last few years and is an area of active

research in the pharmaceutical and diagnostic industries. Sensors based on biological

and/or synthetic molecules and their interfaces with nanomaterials in biochips, bio-

sensing nanotechnologies for biomimetic chips, nanodevices and systems based on

molecularly imprinted /bio polymer- nanocomposites of biomolecular recognitions

capabilities for versatile biomedical, food safety and environmental applications. Several

international organizations such as WHO, OIE, FAO and EPA called upon the development

of rapid, sensitive, low cost, and easy to use early diagnosis of pathogens “rapid field

test” or “point of care diagnostics”. The detection and monitoring diseases has been a

huge burden due to the high cost of reagents, laboratory sophisticated equipments

and trained personnel. Most expenses spent for disease diagnoses go to analytical and

diagnostic devices. Moreover, laboratories are hard to find in remote epidemic areas,

environmental pollution alarming and food chain monitoring/smart packing. There are

tremendous advancements in the field of molecular biomimetics including advanced

technologies; like w i r e l e s s s e n o r n e t w o r k s (W S N s ), b i o electromechanical

Microsystems (BioMEMS), Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) led to the development of smart

devices/systems.

Dr. Hossam

Highlight

- 11 -

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in the Internet of Things

(IoT).

Hani Fikry Ragai


The talk starts with defining terms on basics of wireless sensors and

networks. Their domains of potential application will then be stated. A lab-

scale prototype on remote sensing of water quality for aquaculture has been

designed, implemented and put into continuous operation since more than 2

years now. The inclusion of WSNs in IoT will finally be described and a

running case study will be given.

- 12 -

Computational tools for Designing Smart Polymers.

Ahmed F. Al-Sadek

Central Laboratory for Agricultural Expert Systems (CLAES), Agricultural Research

Center.

Polymeric Nanocarriers are the promising and interesting approach for

smart drug delivery. Amphiphilic polymer-Decorated Nanoparticles and

Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) are good examples of smart molecules under

consideration in recent research efforts. The importance of Nanocarriers

comes from the role it plays in smart drug delivery especially its ability to

encapsulate the drug. Understanding the self-assembly mechanism of the

Nanocarriers as well as its interactions with other molecules is one of the

important and essential aspects that contributes to smart drug delivery.

Computer algorithms and simulation modelling is the best way to reach fast,

new and accurate results in designing Nanocarriers.

Dr. Hossam

Highlight

- 13 -

Using of innovative non-woven fabric as packing material for

wastewater treatment.

1M.A. El-Khateeb, 2M.A. Saad, 1H.I. Abdel-Shafy, 1F.A. Samhan, 3M.F.

Shaaban.

1Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 2Textile Engineering Department, National Research Centre, and 3Textile

Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC).

The combined upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) followed by

downflow hanging non-woven fabric (DHNW) for the treatment of wastewater

is a new technique used in this study. The aim of this work is to develop an

innovative non-woven packing material that can be used to improve the

performance of both UASB and innovative DHNW. The packing material

could be produced from wasted plastic bottles. By using such material a

considerable part of solid waste can be reduced, recycled and produce treated

wastewater effluent for reuse. The work was carried with packed and classical

UASB reactor. The packed UASB reactor was combined with downflow

hanging non-woven (DHNW) reactor. The hydraulic residence time (HRT)

of the UASB reactors was 6 hours. The performance of the combined

UASB/DHNW showed reduction of COD, BOD and TSS from 349.6, 260.6

and 171.3 to 44, 24 and 27 mg/l, respectively. The fecal coliform (FC) was

reduced by 3 log units using the combined UASB/DHNW system. The results

indicated that, this material could be applied as packing material for

wastewater treatment as low cost, low energy and efficient material in Egypt.

- 14 -

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Application in Aquaponics.

Ihab Adly Shohdy

BUE, CEO of Tegrom.

With the emerge of Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) or Cyber

Physical Systems (CPS), the convergence between the operational technology

and information technology systems has led to the emerging of new market

opportunities and target applications. With systems that have intense data

collections, predictive maintenance and data analytics are necessary for

sustainable operation. This is particularly true in Aquaponics, where eco-

initiatives are also driving improved efficiencies and new approaches.

Aquaponics is a system for farming fish and plants together in a mutually

beneficial cycle. Fish produce wastes that turn into nitrates and ammonia, both

are life threating for fish if they build up, but they can be used as fertilizer for

plants. As the plants absorb these nutrients, they purify the water, which in turn

is good for the fish. The quality of water is the main factor in determining the

success of aquaponics. This quality can be determined through measuring

various water parameters, most importantly: the dissolved oxygen, water

temperature and the water pH. Taking advantage of IIoT based deployments

would allow easier monitoring and actuation tasks in large scale farms,

minimizes water loses and limits the human interference for most of the critical

operational aspects which will positively reflect on aquaponics productivity.

- 15 -

Seasonal variations of the testes of the small-scaled terapon,

Terapon puta, (Terapontidae) from Lake Timsah, Ismailia,

Egypt.

Rizkalla, W., El-Shabaka, H. A., Abd El- Rahman, F. A. A. and El-

Naggar, M. M.

Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

Seasonal morphological and histological variations in the testes of the

small-scaled terapon, Terapon puta, from Lake Timsah, Ismailia Governorate,

Egypt were studied. The fish specimens were seasonally collected during a

period of three consecutive years, which extended from June 2011 through

May 2014. The morphological studies of the testes of T. puta indicate that their

maturity stages could be divided into three stages, namely: the pre-spawning,

the spawning and the post-spawning stages. Histologically, the testes of T. puta

belong to the lobular unrestricted spermatogonial type, and the

spermatogenesis is of the cystic type. The spermatogenic cells are classified

into six stages, namely: the spermatogonia A, spermatogonia B, primary

spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa.

- 16 -

Development of an efficient in vivo cell-based assay system for

monitoring hepatitis C virus genotype 4a NS3/4A protease

activity.

Mohamed M. Naguib, Mohamed R. Mohamed, Mohamed A. M. Ali and

Amr M. Karim.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a serious worldwide health care

problem. No protective vaccines against HCV have been developed yet due to

the fact that HCV is rapidly mutable, allowing the virus to escape from

neutralizing antibodies. This emphasizes the need for more efficient antiviral

strategies. Over the past 10 years, the growth in scientific understanding of the

HCV life cycle and new technologies to measure HCV replication played a

critical role in the development of a number of models to study the HCV

lifecycle and assess the potency of drugs that disrupt it. Given its essential roles

in viral polyprotein processing and immune evasion, HCV NS3/4A protease is

a prime target for antiviral chemotherapy. This study aimed to establish an in

vivo, sensitive and cell-based assay system for monitoring NS3/4A protease

activity. We successfully developed an efficient cell-based system based on

the blue/white selection of bacterial cells that are able to express

functional/non-functional β-galactosidase enzyme. Native as well as mutant

cleavage sites to NS3/4A protease were cloned in frame into β-galactosidase

gene of TA cloning vector. The target specificity of HCV NS3/4A was

evaluated by co-expression of β-galactosidase containing the protease cleavage

site with NS3/4A protease construct in bacterial cells. The activity of β-

galactosidase was colorimetrically estimated in the cell lysate using ortho-nitro

phenyl β-D-galactopyanoside (ONPG) as a substrate. The system was used to

evaluate the inhibitory potency of a series of computer-designed chemically-

synthesized compounds against NS3/4A protease from HCV genotype 4. The

system demonstrated specificity for the NS3/4A protease towards its native

cleavage site with no significant specificity towards the mutant one. The

developed system provides an in vivo tool for monitoring hepatitis C virus

genotype 4a NS3/4A protease activity and assess the potency of drugs that

disrupt it.

- 17 -

Identification of novel small molecule inhibitors against the

NS3/4A protease of genotype 4a hepatitis C virus.

1Sara M. El-Sayed, 1Mohamed R. Mohamed, 1Mohamed A. M. Ali and 2Bahaa El-Dien M. El- Gendy.

1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University,

Cairo, Egypt and 2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Banha

University, Banha, Egypt.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a considerable threat to the

public health. According to the world health organization (WHO), the

estimated prevalence of HCV in Egypt, the largest reservoir of HCV in the

world, is >10%. The current standard of care treatment with pegylated

interferon-alpha in combination with ribavirin (PEG-IFN-α + RBV) is

associated with significant side effects, poorly tolerated and provides limited

efficacy. The development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) targeting

key viral enzymes essential for viral replication represents a significant

milestone in the treatment of chronic HCV infection. Given its critical role in

the viral polyprotein processing and the evasion of the host innate immunity,

the NS3/4A protease has emerged as a promising drug target for the

development of anti-HCV therapies. Although several potent NS3/4A protease

inhibitors (PIs) have been approved or are in clinical development, the majority

of currently available PIs have significant limitations related to untoward

adverse events and a lack of pan-genotypic activity, indicating a continuing

unmet medical need for the development and optimization of novel PIs with

improved efficacy and tolerability, convenient dosing schedules and shorter

treatment durations. In the present study, the inhibitory efficacy of a potent

series of computer-designed chemically-synthesized compounds were

evaluated against NS3/4A protease from HCV genotype 4a, the most prevalent

genotype in Egypt, using a fluorescence-based enzymatic assay. We

successfully identified four non-macrocyclic small molecules that exhibited

inhibitory activity in the low micromolar range. Of these, two compounds

showed high activity against HCV NS3/4A protease from HCV genotype 4a.

The twoNS3/4APIs presented in this study could be valuable candidates for

future hit to lead optimization.

- 18 -

Role of autophagy activation in a diabetic rat model with

insulin resistance.

1Hala M. Ghanem, 2Amany Abdel-Ghaffar, 1Emad K. Ahmed and 1Shaimaa H. Gadallah.

1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, Ain shams University and 2Biochemistry and Pharmacology unit, Research institute of Ophthalmology,

Ministryof Scientific Research.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease characterized by

insufficient secretion of insulin from the β-cells coupled with insulin resistance

(IR) in the target tissues. An accumula ting body of evidence supports the role

of autophagy, a self-protective mechanism performing a housekeeping role in

removing misfolded proteins and damaged organelles, in the pathophysiology

of T2DM. In addition, abnormal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response

that has been implicated as a cause of IR could also be affected by autophagic

status in β-cells. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of

autophagy activation and ER stress reduction on diabetic state of animals with

insulin resistance. Rats were fed a high fat diet and treated with a low dose of

streptozotocin to develop T2DM with IR. IR status was validated through

calculating homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Diabetic rats were either treated with rapamycin (autophagy inducer) or the

chemical ER chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) to ameliorate the ER

stress. At the end of the experimental period, levels of serum glucose, insulin,

malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, cholesterol, triglyceride, caspase-

12 and LC3-B-ІІ levels were determined in normal and diabetic groups.

Furthermore, pancreatic tissues were assessed by histology, electron

microscopy and western blotting to examine the anatomic formation of

autophagic cell death. Data revealed suppression of autophagic flux coupled

with increased level of ER stress in diabetic untreated animals compared to

normal controls. Further, treatment of diabetic rats with either rapamycin or

4-PBA caused a significant change in serum biochemical parameters levels,

increased autophagy and decreased ER stress in diabetic treated animals

compared to diabetic controls.

- 19 -

Biochemical Studies on Chitosan as Cisplatin Carrier in

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats.

1Shimaa S. El-Hossieny, 2Abdel-Rahman B. Abdel-Ghaffar, 3Kaled G.

Mohamed and 2Dina M. Seoudi.

1Quality Manager, Fayoum Drinking Water and Sanitation Company, 2Biochemistry

Department, Facultry of Science, Ain Shams University and 3National Research

Center.

Naturally occurring polymers, particularly of the polysaccharide type,

have been used pharmaceutically as a potential carrier for different therapeutic

agents. Therapeutic agent-loaded chitosan micro- or nanoparticles were found

to be more stable, permeable, and bioactive. A novel material as a liver

targeting vector, dual-ligand modified chitosan (GCGA) composed of chitosan

(CTS), glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and lactobionic acid (LA), was designed and

synthesized by an orthogonal experiment with two-steps synthesis under mild

conditions. In previous study, the results suggested that GCGA described here

has the potential to be used as an effective vector for hepatic targeted drug

therapy. In this study we design GCGA/alginate nanoparticles which loaded

with widely used anticancer drug, cisplatin for treating HCC in rats. Our

results indicated that the nanoparticle has higher antitumor efficacy and lower

toxicity compared to free CDDP. In conclusion, This characteristic drug was

suppress cancer cell by rapidly releasing a high dose of chemotherapy drugs

inside the tumor cells, thereby improving the therapeutic efficacy of the drug

payload.

- 20 -

Improving of Doxorubicin Efficacy via Chitosan Carrier

Vehicle in Rats with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

1Asmaa Nady, 2Abdel-Rahman B. Abdel-Ghaffar, 3Kaled G. Mohamed

and 2Dina M. Seoudi.

1Fayoum Drinking Water and Sanitation Company, 2Biochemistry Department,

Facultry of Science, Ain Shams University and 3National Research Center.

Biodegrable polymeric micelles encapsulating doxorubicin in the core

region were prepared from grafted copolymer composed of O-succinyl

chitosan and pluronic. This copolymer was prepared by grafting pluronic onto

chitosan using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl amino propyl) Carbodimide (EDC) and

N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS)as coupling agents. Anti cancer drug

doxorubicin (DOX) can be loaded with high encapsulation efficiency (DOX-

NPs) could target specifically the liver cancer cells. The doxorubicin

encapsulated nanoparticle (Dx-Nps) showed the greater activity of ( Dox-NPs)

Over free Doxorubicin. This results demonstrated that O- Succinyle chitosan

graft pluronic copolymer nanoparticles have the potential to be used as

anticancer drug carrier.

- 21 -

The relation between Fok 1 Polymorphism and breast cancer

in Egyptian women.

1Nariman Ahmed, 2Abdel-Rahman B. Abdel-Ghaffar, 3Laila Radhed and 2Nadia Sadek.

1Faculty of Dentistry, MSA Univesity, 2Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science,

Ain Shams University and 3Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo

University.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed female specific cancer

and shows an increasing trend in diagnosed cases. Higher vitamin D exposure

is thought to prevent breast cancer through genomic effect modulated by

vitamin D receptor (VDR). This study aims to investigate the association of

Fok 1 polymorphism of VDR gene to breast cancer patient. Seventy five

Egyptian women diagnosed with breast cancer in stages 2, 3, 4 were selected.

In addition, twenty five healthy women were also included in the study as

control subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood

leukocytes using the salting out procedure. Polymerase chain reaction –

restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to

identify the VDR genotypes of the Fok 1 polymorphism. A mild shifting

towards the FF genotype in breast cancer patients was observed. However no

direct association was found between Fok1 polymorphism genotypes in the

VDR gene and breast cancer in Egyptian women patients. In conclusion, this

study provides the evidence that Fok 1 polymorphism is not associated to the

risk of breast cancer in Egyptian women. Further studies are needed to clarify

the relation between Fok 1 polymorphism and breast cancer in Egyptian

women.

- 22 -

Medicinal potential of Lycopene extract and Tomato juice in

attenuating some biochemical and antioxidant capacity

disorders associated with hepatocellular carcinoma.

1Mohy E. AbdElfattah, 2Samir B. Eskander, 2Amr H. El Fouly, 2Lamia R.

Azzam.

1Organic Chemistry Department , faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,

Egypt and 2Radioisotopes Department, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian

Atomic Energy Authority.

Malignant hepatoma is the most common type of livercancer. The

present study aims atevaluating the role ofnatural extracted Lycopene (LYP)

and Tomato juice (TJ), (Solanum lycopersicum),as chemo-sensitizers for the

treatment the HepG2 cell line induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rats

model.Nondestructive spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize the

purified lycopene extracted from the tomato paste.It was reported that

carotenoids as well as their metabolites and oxidation productsstimulate gap

junctional communication (GJC) between cells, which is thought to be one of

the protective mechanisms related to cancer-preventive activities of these

compounds. The present data recorded that HCC rats had marked increases in

Alpha –Fetoprotein (AFP) and significant decreases in Total Antioxidant

Capacity (TAC). Concerning the body weight ,it was recorded that the HepG2

induced cell rats showed significant decreases in their body weightsat the

16th and the 24th weeks when compared with the control ones .On the other

handHCC rats received LYP or TJ showed an enhancement in the abovestudied

parameters through theoccurred amelioration in liver glycoprotein and

antioxidant defence system. Also, rats administrated LYP or TJdedicated

increases in body weightsat the 4th and 5th month respectively. Furthermore,

the results reachedconfirmed thatTEwas more efficient compared to LYP.

Based on the experimental data it can be concluded that: phytochemicals of

Solanum lycopersicumextract or juice could have a medicinal potential for

natural therapeutic product development for malignant hepatoma.

- 23 -

The Potential of Lycopene Extract and Tomato Juice as

Natural Remedy for Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Male

Albino Rats, Histological study.

1Mohy E Abd Elfattah, 2Samir B. Eskander, 2Amr H El Fouly and 2Lamia

R Azzam.

1Organic Chemistry Department , faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Egypt

and 2Radioisotopes Department, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy

Authority.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of cancer and

mostly occurs in developing countries. It represents a growing challenge for

clinicians due to its increasing morbidity and mortality. The rat model was

chosen to follow the effectiveness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma cells (HepG2)

in causing the cancer in shorter duration. The present work was devoted to

evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of lycopene extract (LY) and natural

tomato juice (TJ) on the HepG2 cell line -induced HCC on white male rats.

The animals were divided into five groups, three of them were injected with

hepatocellular carcinoma cells subcutaneously. The first group, of the treated

three, was left as control. Post HepG2 injection, the second and the third

groups were administrated lycopene extract and fresh tomato juice,

respectively, three times weekly for eight weeks. Based on biochemical

analyses and histological examinations the euthanasia time was determined

and the liver of each animal was quickly removed, preserved in formaldehyde

before subjecting to histological examinations. Histopathological signs of

inflammation, and fibrosis were recorded qualitatively.Progressed HCC shows

an expansive and infiltrative histological growth pattern, complete

vascularisation with unpaired arteries, possible vascular infiltration and some

degree of nuclear irregularity. The interesting observation obtained was the

histological pictures, of the treated rats, which showed incredible enhancement

changes with time progression post LY or TJ administration. Based on the data

obtained, it can conclude that Lycopene and tomato juice administration can

be described as natural remedy against hepatocellular carcinoma and could

help in the development of an ideal anticancer treatment in the near future.

- 24 -

Clinical significance of MicroRNA-21 and microRNA-34a in in

Egyptian Breast Cancer Female Patients.

1Nadia Z. Shaban1, 2Nashwa K. Ibrahim, 1Fatma H. El-Rashidy, 3Fatma

A. Elrefaey and 2Ahmad S. Kodous.

1Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt, 2Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research &

Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic-Energy Authority (EAEA), Egypt and 3Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.

Background: Altered microRNAs (miRNAs) expression has an impact

on cancer initiation and progression. There is an emerging evidence that

circulating miR-21 and miR-34a may have a potential role in breast cancer

(BC) diagnosis and prognosis. Aim of the work: The current study aimed at

characterizing the expression pattern of miR-21 and miR-34a in BC female

patients pre- and post-chemotherapy and explaining their correlation with

clinicopathological subtypes and other molecular biomarkers. Patients and

Methods: Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT- qPCR) was

used to assess the relative expression of miR-21 and miR-34a in sera of 179

BC female patients in relation to 58 healthy females. Results: Circulating miR-

21 and miR-34a showed significant upregulation of 5.1 fold change (p> 0.001)

and downregulation of 5.63 fold change, respectively (p> 0.001) . Data showed

higher levels of miR-21 in triple negative (TN), basal like subtype and stage

III BC patients (p> 0.001). Higher miR-34a expression was demonstrated in

triple positive, luminal A & B subtypes and stage I & II BC patients (p> 0.001).

MiR-21 was directly correlated with Bcl-2 level (p> 0.001). There was direct

correlation between miR-34a, BRCA1, BRCA2 & p53 (p> 0.001). MiR-

21expression decreased significantly postchemotherapy (p> 0.001). A

significant increase in miR-34a level was detected after chemotherapy (p>

0.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest a potential role of circulating miR-21 and

miR-34a as molecular biomarkers in BC.

- 25 -

FGF-23 as a Biomarker for Kidney Disease.

1Dina Helal, 2Abdel-Rahman B. Abdel-Ghaffar, 3Emam Waked and 2Nadia Sadek.

1Farid Habib Specialized Hospital, 2Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science,

Ain Shams University and 3Theodor Bilharz Research Institute.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is a hormone that increases the rate

of urinary excretion of phosphate and inhibits renal production of 1,25-

dihydroxy vitamin D, thus helping to mitigate hyperphosphatemia in patients

with kidney disease. The present cross sectional study aims to elucidate the

complex associations between FGF-23, PTH, and phosphorus and the

possibility of using FGF-23 as a potential biomarker. This study was carried

out on 60 patients of the two genders with different stages of chronic renal

failure - Forty eight patients with CRF on regular hemodialysis having no

significant symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease compared with

twelve asymptomatic patients with predialysis chronic kidney disease. A

control group was also included, it consisted of fourteen matched healthy

volunteers. FGF-23 and its complex association with PTH and phosphorous

was studied in the three groups. Our data showed that there is a significant

difference when comparing the data of the hemodialysis and the PreHD group

of all the parameters with the control one and when comparing the data of the

hemodialysis group with the PreHD one. This showed the power of these

parameters in determining a diagnostic status. In conclusion, increased FGF-

23 levels were associated with mortality independently of serum phosphate

levels and other known risk factors. This study shows that FGF-23 can be used

as a potential biomarker to guide strategies for the management of phosphorus

balance in patients with chronic kidney disease.

- 26 -

Innovative Ideas For Raising Funding Abilities and Improve

Transparency.

Marwa Khamis

Premaster Student, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

In a very rapid developed world as we live in science revolutionary

process in all live. We must move in a speed in science parallel to our highly

developed needs. And so, our researches must matching and talking about that.

Regardless all obstacles we face in our researches, we must look forward all

the time not only to achieve scores in our researches but for our coming

generations who will ask us about what did we do for them? The fruit of any

research, is when it serves human lives and need, so can we ask ourselves a

question? Are we on the track? Discussing a subject in such conference is the

beginning of successful change. And the most important part in such change is

to put our hands-on weaknesses to turn them into chances of success. As the

aim of researching process, is to find out the answer of question or solution of

a problem. We should first set our goals that based on a clear need.

8IoIoc1<.1~

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Sensor material (reaction laver I inference layer)

Transducer

- 27 -

Fifty Years with Analytical Chemistry.

Prof. Saad S. M. Hassan , Ph.D., D.Sc.

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

During the past 50 years, the present author was involved in may

research projects on the development, characterization and applications of new

low-cost potentiometric, amperometric and optical sensors. The research work

has resulted in the introduction of over 200 novel sensors published in 250

technical papers dealing with: (1) Development of sensors with polymeric,

solid-state, gas, liquid and enzyme membranes; (2) Selectivity enhancement of

chemical sensors; (3) Preparation of sensors for following some titrations; (4)

Quality control of some new pharmaceuticals using specially design chemical

sensors;(5) Membrane sensors for determining narcotics, poly ions,

explosives, industrial products and environmental pollutants; (6) Diagnosis of

renal failure, gout , cancer, osteoporosis, and bacterial vaginosis with

biomedical sensors; (7) Development of miniaturized sensors with different

shapes and sizes; (8) Preparation of new ionophores for cations and anions

sensors; (9) Use of the commercially available drugs as ionophores; (10)

Validation of chemical and biochemical sensors and methods. The merits of

these research topics and advantages of the methodological approach of these

trends will be discussed.

- 28 -

Land Cover Classification Using Eo-1 Hyperspectral Data.

1Nagwan M. Afify, 2Abdel Aziz S. Sheta, 1Sayed M. Arafat, 3Afify A. Afify, 2Mohammed S and 2Adel S. El-Beltagy.

1Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, 2Soil Science Department,

Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shames University and 3Soil Water and Environment

Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre.

Earth Observation (EO-1) data provides a highest spectral resolution to

get spectral information of Earth's Surface objects in 242 spectral bands at a

spatial resolution of 30m. In this paper, in an attempt to produce a land cover

map using hyperspectral data acquired by the EO-1 Hyperion instrument over

one test site. Atmospheric correction on the hyperspectral imagery was first

performed using ENVI’s Fast Line-of-sight Atmospheric Analysis of Spectral

Hyper-cubes (FLAASH) module. Support Vector Machine (SVM)

classification was implemented on the dominant elements to produce a land

cover map for test site. (SVM) is suggested in this research to deal with the

multiclass problem of hyperspectral imagery. Classification using of the kernel

functions made the classifier more flexible by making it robust against the

outliers. The Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) was used to know the

land cover classes. The result showed high accuracy for land cover map with

machine learning classifier like SVM using hyperspectral remote sensing data.

The overall classification accuracy obtained was 97.85.

- 29 -

Climate change and its impacts on Egypt using Remote Sensing

and GIS techniques.

H. El-Nahry

National Authority for Remote Sensing & Space Sciences (NARSS).

The main objectives of the current work are (1) to determine historic

pattern of shoreline changes (erosion and accretion) along the north coast of

the Nile Delta, (2) to present a future view on what to be expected regarding

climate change impacts, sea-level rise (SLR) scenarios, expected land losses

and alteration of some soil characteristics (3) to recognize negative impacts of

SLR on the Nile Delta coast and (4) to assess and suggest protection measures.

The current investigation was conducted using the advanced techniques of

remote sensing and geographic information system. The investigated area with

394 measured locations is located along the northern coast of the Nile Delta

between Alexandria and ElTina plain in Sinai peninsula exactly between

29_200 and 32_400 E and 29_540 and 31_350 N with the minimum erosion

values of 1.11 m2, maximum of 6,044,951.64 m2 and total of 16.02 km2. On

the other hand, 177 sites showed minimum accretion values of 0.05 m2,

maximum of 2,876,855.86 m2 and total of 13.19 km2. SLR was determined

by applying the quadrantequation for 10-year intervals using 1990 as the base

year. Mediterranean SLR along the Nile Delta coast could be estimated

considering three different scenarios (low 0.20 m, medium 0.50 m, and high

0.90 m). Impacts of SLR are divided into (1) primary and (2) secondary

impacts. Over the coming decades, the Nile Delta will face greater threat due

to SLR and land subsidence as well. Regarding climate change and its impacts

on soil characteristics, rapid increase in salinity values during the former three

decades were found. This increase may be due to the intrusion of salty water

of the Mediterranean. On the other hand, organic matter content decreased due

to higher temperature, especially during the summer season. Someprotection

measures were assessed and suggested to combat or tackle SLR.

- 30 -

Mapping the Potential Fishing Zones of the Egyptian Marine

Resources.

Sameh Elkafrawy.

Marine Science Department, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space

Sciences, (NARSS), Egypt.

With the progress of science, technology and communications, It has

become more essentially to use modern technologies in all areas, including the

use of data and information that can be obtained through remote sensing

techniques. To shed more light on how to take advantage of those technologies

in the field of fisheries investment, we can say that now roam the space of

several satellites at different altitudes reflect its mission stare across the earth

and reveal its natural resources and wealth of the underlying, which is the most

important marine wealth. Remote sensing techniques give accurate

information and the coordinates of high accuracy for the whereabouts of the

fish stocks and thus can be used to build databases of fisheries and also in

carrying out fishing operations go remotely without affectation painstakingly

search for fish populations. Remote observations of the sea surface can provide

a significant part of the information needed to assess and improve the potential

yield of the fishing grounds. In the past, remote sensing was used

predominantly to assist in the efficient harvesting of natural resources. Today

it is being used for resource management, conservation and exploitation. A

wide spatial coverage with receptivity at short intervals provides additional

advantage to utilize the satellite technology for the forecast of PFZ

information. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll over the

Egyptian coast retrieved from thermal infrared channels of NOAA-AVHRR,

and optical bands in IRS-P4 OCM / MODIS Aqua/Air Craft data are used for

identifying Potential Fishing Zones along the Egyptian coast on the

Mediterranean and Red seas. Fishing fleets which exploit major fisheries such

as tuna and menhaden are dependent on visual fish spotting from aircraft to

direct their fleets.

- 31 -

Analysis of Urban Heat Islands Using Landsat Data Over

Cairo, Egypt.

1Naglaa Zanaty, 1Islam Abou El-Magd and 2Ahmed Ismail.

1Environmental Studies Department, National Authority for Remote Sensing & Space

Sciences Cairo, Egypt and 2Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science,

Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.

Urban Heat Island is a worldwide micro climate change phenomenon

particularly in big cities. Cairo is one of the world’s big cities that suffers from

high population, rapid urban growth and air pollution. This resulted in

remarkable temperature variation in Cairo’s environment compared to its rural

surroundings. This phenomenon is known as the “Urban Heat Island” (UHI),

which influences human health, climate, energy consumption and air quality.

In this study, time series Multispectral Landsat images were used to map UHIs

during the period from 1990 to 2014. Lands Surface Temperature (LST), which

is a key factor for defining UHIs areas, was derived from Landsat thermal

channels based on the Mono-Window Algorithm. The standard deviation

segmenting method was used to detect the UHIs areas based on the retrieved

LST. Results showed that UHIs are directly influenced by LST and land cover.

Analysis of the results indicated that areas with the highest surface temperature

and heat islands were concentrated in industrial estates (e.g. Shobra El-

Khema), residential areas, transportation networks, bare land and desert,

particularly in the eastern areas (new built-up cities) and city center. The

minimum observed summer LST was 22.6°C in July 2011 and the maximum

was 61°C in August 2006. While, in winter LST range between 9.3°C and

38.9°C in January 2001. The maximum detected heat island area was 65 Km2

in summer 2012. This research concluded that the phenomenon of UHIs

aggravate heat stresses and have severe effects on urban environments. To

mitigate these effects cool pavements, green roofs and high albedo building

materials could be recommended.

- 32 -

Salt-mineral potentiality of Wadi El Natrun saline Lakes, north

Western Desert, Egypt: New implications from remote sensing

data.

Salem SM and El Gammal EA.

National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS)

The salts of Wadi El Natrun saline lakes are made up of sodium chloride

(NaCl, Halite), sodium sulphate (Na2SO4, Thenardite) and sodium carbonate

(Na2CO3.10H2O, Natron) deposited on the bottom of the Lakes and

surrounding sabkhas. The lakes of El Raizonia, Umm Risha, El Fasda, El Beida

and El Gaar are the most potential lakes for economic halite salts. Furthermore,

El Beida Lake contains Na2SO4 salts, mixed with halite, and Umm Risha and

El Fasda lakes are characterized by Natron salt showings. The chemical

analysis of the saline water revealed dominant Cl-, Na+, Ca++, CO3 - -, and

HCO3 - as major ions; while Mg++, SO4- - and No3 - - are defined as minor

ions. Chemical analysis of the salt deposits of these lakes shows similarity in

the mineral composition with that of the saline water indicating that the water

of such lakes is the main source of the realized salt minerals.

- 33 -

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) infection detection based on field

spectral data.

Yones, M. S.; Aboelghar, M. A.; Farag, E.; Khdry, G.A.; Ali, A. M.;

Mamon, S. A.

National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS) and

Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

In today’s crop production, there is an increasing pressure to reduce the

use of pesticides, to decrease the environmental impact and to lower potential

production costs. It is therefore imperative that pesticides are only applied

when and where needed. Pest control might be more efficient if disease patches

within fields could be identified and fungicides applied only to infected areas.

Recent developments in optical sensor technologies indicate the potential to

enable direct detection of foliar diseases under field conditions (West et al.

2003). In the context of this study Reflectance measurements were carried out

with a fieldspectroradiometer Field Spec® Hand Held (ASD, Inc. Boulder,

CO, USA). Reflectance measurements were made in the spectral range of 350–

2500 nm using a hyperspectral radiometer to detect differences in vitality

between healthy and diseased plants. Results of this study could suggest

potential usage of remote sensing in monitoring spatial distribution of these

pests, and thereby enable effective planning and implementation of site

specific pest management practices. The study shows that it is feasible to detect

infestation using the hyperspectral data, which could be utilized to monitor

trade and predictions. The purpose of this study was to detect and identify

different plant infections on sugar beet using a hand-held radiometer. By using

two kind of sugar beet leaf (New and old), The NIR and Blue wavebands were

identified as most sensitive to damage due to all infestation, while Green, Red

and Swir1 wavebands sensitive to damage due to healthy leaf, aphid infestation

and Cotton leaf worm infestation respectively, in new leaf sugar beet.

Meanwhile in old leaf sugar beet, results show that it is there is low

discrimination between all bands but still The NIR and Blue wavebands were

identified as most sensitive to damage due to all infestation. So it is possible to

detect the various pest infestations using a hand-held radiometer.

- 34 -

Selection of optimal hyperspectral zones and vegetation indices

for estimating chlorophyll content of some natural plant

species.

Ghada Ali Khodary.

National Authority for Remote Sensing & Space Sciences.

Remote sensing enables for costly effective, timely efficient and multi-

temporal monitoring of natural vegetation. Spectral reflectance pattern either

in forms of row reflectance values or in form of spectral vegetation indices

(SVIs) could be used as estimators of plant biophysical and biochemical

parameters through statistical models. The main objective of the current study

is to identified optimal spectral zones and wavelengths that are highly

correlated with chlorophyll content, to correlate plant chlorophyll

concentration with different (SVIs) and to identify the most sufficient index to

discriminate among the twenty common natural vegetation species in Sinai

Peninsula. Calculated values of five hyper spectral vegetation indices

(normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); Chlorophyll Index;

Chlorophyll a,b; Simple ratio index (SRI); Modified chlorophyll absorption

ratio index (MCARI) fir the twenty observed vegetation species were used as

spectral factors in the modeling process. The result showed that the relatively

high chlorophyll content was found in broad leaves plants when needle-leaved

plant species showed relatively low ones. Laboratory chlorophyll estimation

indicated that Asclepias sinaica has the highest chlorophyll content (79mg/cm-

2) when the same plant specious showed the highest chlorophyll index value.

It was found that plants of family Zygophyllaceae have low chlorophyll

content. Among observed (SVIs), (NDVI) was the most correlated index with

chlorophyll. At the same time, it was the optimal index to differentiate the

different species.

- 35 -

Monitoring spatiotemporal shoreline dynamics along the

Egyptian Mediterranean coastal strip from Sidi Abd El-

Rahman to El-Arish quantitatively using Landsat images.

Wiame W. M. Emam and Kareem M. Soliman.

Zoology Department, Faculty of science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

This paper aimed to integrate remote sensing (RS) and geographical

information system (GIS) technology in monitoring, analyzing and quantifying

the spatiotemporal shoreline dynamics over 30 years (1987 – 2017) along the

Egyptian Mediterranean coastal strip from Sidi Abd El-Rahman to El-Arish.

On-screen digitization technique was applied upon Landsat TM (1987) and

Landsat OLI (2017) to identify hazard zones (areas of great erosion and

accretion) using ArcGIS 10.1 software. Integrating DSAS 4.3 within ARCGIS

facilitated the calculation of the erosion / accretion rates using end-point rate

(EPR) statistical technique. Results generated shoreline change-maps for the

entire strip including the five northern coastal lagoons for 3 decades. The

coastal strip from Sidi Abd El-Rahman to El-Arish contains different

geomorphologic aspects ranging from steep slope rocky beaches to gentle

sloping deltaic sediments. Quantitatively, the coast had dynamically changed

over time, 51 % of transects indicated erosion. Furthermore 14 % of transects

remained unchanged (with no appreciable change in shoreline position) and 35

% of transects experienced an episode of accretion during the study period.

- 36 -

Digital imaging devices as sensors in the analytical laboratory.

Ashraf A. Mohamed, Ahmed A. Shalaby and Abdelnabi M. Salem.

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain shams University, Abbassia, Cairo-

11566, Egypt.

A considerable global need exists for portable, sensitive and cost-

effective sensors, especially in resource-limited laboratories. Digital-imaging

devices can fill the gap. Herein, we report a new, simple, low-cost, and precise

platform that consisted only of a digital camera, a cuvette, and a white paper

diffuser. No optical elements are required, including lenses, mirrors, slits,

wavelength selectors, photomultipliers, photodiodes or signal amplifiers. The

platform performance has been assed using three model color reactions of iron,

covering the visible range of the spectrum. Images of reacting solutions have

been captured, analyzed to get the RGB channel intensities, and then converted

into Yxy color space parameters that are presented here as novel analytical

signaling tools. The Yxy data not only surpassed the corresponding RGB,

CMY and tristimulus XYZ color spaces data regarding linearity, and LOD, but

also compared well with data obtained using a sophisticated Shimadzu

spectrophotometer for the assessment of iron in natural and wastewaters, soils,

plant materials and food environmental samples. The simplicity, sensitivity

and cost effectiveness of the platform make it an excellent competitor to field

monitoring devices and sophisticated laboratory spectrophotometers.

Moreover, our novel approach has been extended to images captured by a

desktop scanner and a mobile phone camera and the analytical data have been

compared.

Dr. Hossam

Highlight

- 37 -

Improvement of Cu Foil Electrical Conductivity by Plasma

Exposure.

1Ashraf Yahia, 2A. A. Talab, 1M. A. Saudi and 1M. Elsayed.

1Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo,

Egypt and 2Atomic Energy Authority, Nuclear Research Center, Plasma

Physics and Nuclear Fusion Department, Cairo, Egypt.

A glow discharge plasma experiment was designed, established, and

operated at Ain Shams University (Faculty of Science) in a low-pressure range

from 0.15 to 0.70 Torr with a maximum dc power supply of 5 kV. The

characterization of the argon glow discharge plasma was measured and

calculated at different gap lengths using a double probe. The proposed glow

discharge plasma has minimum breakdown voltages in the range between 241

and 295 volts, for different gap lengths, for argon of 0.3 Torr. For a plasma

current of 20 mA at 0.3 Torr; the electron temperature is found to be between

6.58 and 10.44 eV, whereas the ion density lies between 9.1 × 109 and 17.9 ×

109 cm-3. The resistance of a sample of a copper foil taken from a printed

circuit board is measured before and after getting exposed to the created plasma

of different parameters. An improvement in the conductivity is noticed during

measurements. This shows the importance of the obtained results especially

for plasma effects on materials and electronic devices used in space vehicles.

- 38 -

Influence of ionizing radiation and waste rubber ash treated by

acrylate monomer on physico-mechanical properties of styrene

butadiene rubber composites.

1Khaled F. El-Nemr, 1Medhat M. Hassan, 2Amr A. Hassan, 2Eman M.

Hamdy and 2Ebtsam A. Saad.

1Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research

and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt and 2Department of Chemistry,

Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

This work investigated the physico- mechanical properties of styrene–

butadiene rubber (SBR) filled with waste rubber ash treated by acrylate

monomer (WRA-Ac) as filler. The WRA and WRA-Ac powder was

characterized by different tools like; FTIR and XRD. The WRA filler included

contain amorphous silica that may be fumed or precipitated, and by burning

the WR at temperature reach to 600 C the amorphous silica converted to

crystalline phase (quartz). The WRA content used was 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40

phr, which was incorporated into SBR. The physico-mechanical behaviors of

SBR and their composites were tested against various irradiation doses. The

results suggested that (WRA-Ac) could be used as reinforcing filler with SBR

compounds, resulting in an improvement in the properties of WRA-Ac/SBR

composites, as indicated by an increase in tensile strength and modulus, and

also by increasing irradiation dose up to 100 kGy. The crosslink density of

composites increases by increasing WRA-Ac content and irradiation dose. The

thermal stability of a variety of composites was done using thermogravimetric

analysis (TGA). The results show that the WRA and WRA-Ac improves

thermal stability.

- 39 -

A hashing algorithm improving the exogenous gene silencing

problem.

Soha I. Soliman, Mohammad H. Abdel-Rahman, Fayed F. M. Ghaleb

Mathmatics. Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Some genetic disorder diseases are caused by mutant genes that

synthesize harmful proteins causing the initiation and progression of such

disorders. One of the ways to avoid these diseases is to turn off the mutant

genes to prevent them from producing the harmful proteins which is known as

the Gene Silencing Problem. The Exogenous gene silencing means designing

siRNA sequences in laboratories then injecting them into the cell to target

specific mRNA and cause its degradation. The big challenge in this approach

is that matching between the designed siRNA and target mRNA need not be a

perfect matching. In this study, a new algorithm is introduced to solve the

exogenous gene silencing problem. Although few previous algorithms were

introduced to solve this problem but they focused on the totally matching

between siRNA and target gene. The new feature of the proposed algorithm is

it solves both the total and the partial matching problem. The proposed

algorithm uses the hashing technique that takes linear execution time and it

also requires relatively small memory space comparable to the previous

algorithms.

- 40 -

Fault Geometry and Structural Style in the North Ramadan

Field, South Central Gulf of Suez, Egypt.

Antoine Guirguis, Ali Bakr, and Mohamed Yousef.

Geology Deptartment, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

The North Ramadan field is located in the south-central part of the Gulf

of Suez to the southeast of Ras Gharib field. The field area is about 290 Km2.

The area selected for the present detailed subsurface study includes the

southern part of the North Ramadan filed. The study area has an aerial extent

of about 23 Km2. Detailed structural interpretation using the available seismic

and well data revealed structural deformation represented by a half-graben

structure dominated by a series of NNW to SSE-trending normal faults. Some

of these faults are dipping to the ENE with fault blocks tilted to the WSW,

whereas other faults are dipping to the to the WSW with fault blocks tilted to

the ENE. The faults interpreted in the area affect the pre-rift and the syn-rift

rocks.

- 41 -

Studies on the Role of Earthworms in Bioremediation of Motor

Oil.

Safwat H. Shakir Hanna, Irvin W. Osborne-Lee, Elisha T. Ahlinvide and

Amanda Dei.

Texas Gulf Coast Environmental Data (TEXGED) Center, Chemical Engineering

Department, Roy G. Perry, College of Engineering, Prairie View A&M University,

The Texas A&M University System, USA.

This study focuses on the bioremediation of soil contaminated with motor oil,

using macro-organisms (i.e. earthworms) in the decomposition of organic matter

(motor oil) and converting them to a non-harmful wastes. Laboratory studies were

conducted using microcosm system as an artificial, simplified ecosystem to simulate

and predict the behavior of natural ecosystems under controlled conditions in the

laboratory. In this respect, the soil volume was collected from Prairie View A&M

University farm in a container. The soil type is of sandy clay. The soil volume was

well mixed and spread on a table, and air dried to apply uniformity of the soil

condition. About 400 g of soil was used in 370 ml glass jars; 6 cm diameter and 13

cm tall. The soil was contaminated with two types of car motor oil; one with used

motor oil from cars and the second with pure car motor oil (i.e. not used) in different

concentrations [0% (control), 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% by weight contamination]. The

soil physico-chemical parameters, such as soil moisture %, carbon %, nitrogen %, pH,

Eh, organic matter (OM) % and C/N ratio, were measured before and after the

contamination. Ten jars were used for each set of concentration, with a total of 50 jars

for unused motor oil and 50 jars for the used one. The jars were kept in an incubator,

and the temperature was maintained at all times during the experiments in about 20 o

C. Water was added to adjust the soil water content to 25% on a soil dry weight basis.

Water content was maintained during incubation by making additions as determined

from reweighed containers. Four worms (Lumbricus terrestris) were inoculated in

each jar of the experiment. The duration of the experiments was 30 days. The data of

earthworms’ survivability were measured each day and recorded in a logbook. Motor

oil content between 1% -5% was not harmful to the survival of earthworms for 30days

but oil concentration of 10%, increased mortality rate by 75% in pure motor oil and

45% in used ones. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in survivability of

earthworms in used and pure motor oil, as used oil can support the survivability of

earthworms better than unused one. The properties of the soil at the end of the

experiment showed average reduction of 5% carbon content which indicated that the

earthworms can consume the organic carbon with the support of micro-organisms in

their digestive system. It was concluded that macro organisms could be used for soil

cleanup and restoration till 5% oil contamination.

- 42 -

Assessment of environmental fluctuations in some xerophytes

phytochemical constituents inhabiting Wadi Sudr and their

antimicrobial bioactivity.

1Samar Samir Mohamed, 2Hemmat Khattab and 2Amal Morsy.

1Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo,

Egypt and 2Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University,

Cairo, Egypt.

The traditional medicinal plants are important economic source of raw

materials for the drug industry. Nowadays, searching for new sources of drug

raw materials is an important issue to meet the recent increasing demands. So,

quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screening of the dominated

xerophytes inhabiting different locations of Wadi Sudr, Sini, as Retama

raetam, Reaumaria hirtella, Tamarix nilotica, and Zygophyllum dumosum,

were performed. The accumulation levels of some natural bioactive products

including phenols, flavonoids, saponins and cardiac glycosides were measured

during spring and summer seasons. The obtained results showed that the

studied species exhibited significant increases in succulence, photosynthetic

pigments, chlorophyll stability index, free amino acids and proline during

spring. While, they tend to accumulate sugars, sucrose, lipids, phenols,

saponins and cardiac glycosides during the dry summer season. Such

increments in these metabolites were concomitant with the greater reducing

power capacity. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of extracts from these

shrubs were evaluated against four pathogenic microorganisms (2 bacterial

species; Esherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and 2 fungal species;

Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus). Of the tested alternatives,

methanolic extract was the most active fraction, while Tamarix nilotica was

the most active plant species against the four tested microorganisms, specially

Candida albicans. In conclusion, these shrubs are promising new sources for

antioxidants as well as useful antimicrobial agents.

- 43 -

Assessment of chemical composition of three species of

Lamiaceae; Phlomis aurea, Origanium syricum and Nepeta

septemcrenata growing in different habitats at south Sinai,

Egypt.

1Mohamed M. Moursy, 2Akram A.Abo-Seidah, 2Abada A.A. and 2El-

badry N. E.

1Department of Botany, Faculty of Science (Boys Branch), Al-Azhar University and 2Suez University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Suez, Egypt.

The present study was carried out to show the effect of habitat variation

on total soluble carbohydrate, water soluble protein, proline and total phenols

of three species namely Phlomis aurea, Origanium syricum and Nepeta

septemcrenata. All Analyses were carried out through four wadis (Wadi Gebal,

Wadi Graginya, Wadi El-Arbae'en and Wadi Abu-Tuweita) besides Musa's

Gorge in Saint Katherine Protectorate, south Sinai, Egypt. An obvious

variation was recorded regarding the biochemical constituents of the plants

among the different habitats with various elevations ranks in all species. The

maximum value of total soluble carbohydrate was recorded in Phlomis aurea

at Wadi Gebal, while the maximum value of water soluble protein was

recorded in Nepeta septemcrenata at Musa's Gorge. At the same time, Phlomis

aurea attained the maximum value of free proline at elevation ranging from

1594m to 2037m at Musa's Gorge, while the maximum value of total phenols

at Nepeta septemcrenata plants showed the maximum value (0.792mg/ g dry

wt) at Wadi El-Arbae'en.

- 44 -

Antibacterial activity of liposomal amikacin against clinical

isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

1Sally Helmy, 1S. S. Mohamed, 2Sherif S. Mahmoud and 1Mona S. Talaat.

1Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt and 2Research Institute of

Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt.

Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream. Infection often

happens after surgery if any breakages occur in the skin or any mucosal

membrane. Depending on the age and health of the patient, severe infections

such as septic shock can happen. Staphylococcus aureus is considered as a

leading cause of most of the bloodstream infections. One of the antibiotics

often used to treat S. aureus infection is amikacin. As any aminoglycoside,

amikacin itself has many dangerous side effects. More complications can even

arise from antibiotic resistance by bacteria. One potential strategy for avoiding

this problem is by encapsulating antibiotics in liposomes. Liposomal

antibiotics shows reduced drug toxicity and higher drug delivery. In this study,

we compared the antibacterial activity of liposomal amikacin with the free

antibiotic on clinical isolates of S. aureus. Liposomal size was 77.4±1.6 nm,

zeta potential was -4.03±0.06 mV. Results were positive and showed the

antibacterial efficacy of liposomal amikacin over the drug in its free state.

Liposomal antibiotics is considered as a promising drug delivery system.

- 45 -

Effects of Spent Motor Oil Pollution on Morphology of Pollen

Grains of Some Wild Plants in Egypt.

1Heba Elazab Mohamed Elazab and 2Eman Ali Diab.

1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

and 2Desert Research Center, Plant Ecology and Rang Management

Department, Cairo, Egypt.

The effects of spent motor oil on pollen morphology of Atriplex

canescens and Tamarix nilotica were studied in the selected polluted area at El

Katameya-El Ain Sukhna road compared with unpolluted area. The total

petroleum hydrocarbons TPH, determination of polyaromatic hydrocarbon by

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) analysis, physiochemical

analysis on the soil and air pollution analysis were done. Morphology of pollen

grains of both plants was studied by SEM and EDAX (Scanning Electron

Microscopic and Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis). SEM studies revealed

that pollen grains in the control area have shown clear exine pattern, normal

pollen class condition pantoporate with microechinate for Atriplex canescens

and tricolporate with reticulate for Tamarix nilotica. Whereas in polluted area

severe deformation and blunt of exine in abnormal anther were noticed in

Atriplex and irregular pollen with breakage of apertures in abnormal anther are

recorded in Tamarix. Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis of pollen in polluted

area has shown appearance of certain elements combine with polyaromatic

hydrocarbon and air pollutions. The studies have discussed the morphological

changes in pollen characteristics in both plants under the influence of spent

motor oil pollution. On the other hand, the present work proved that the

colporate pollen grains was more tolerant of pollution than the porate pollen

grains, whereas the previous taxonomical studies referred to colporate pollen

was more advanced than porate.

- 46 -

Confirmation of the occurrence in north-eastern Africa and

novel morphotaxonomic feature of the rare charophyte Chara

globata.

1Abdullah A. Saber, 2Andrey A. Gontcharov and 3Marco Cantonati.

1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square-

11566, Cairo, Egypt. 2The Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial

Biodiversity – Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FSCEATB

FEB RAS), Vladivostok, Russia and 3Museo delle Scienze - MUSE, Limnology and

Phycology Section, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy.

The stonewort Chara globata W. Migula is one of the few charophyte

species so far known to have a limited geographical distribution. In the frame

of our recent in-depth study of the algal communities inhabiting the Egyptian

springs, interesting specimens of C. globata were found in the thermal saline

spring ‘Ain Wazedi’ in the Siwa Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt (Africa). The

specimens were characterized using combined morphological and rbcL

phylogenetic attributes. The morphology of the Siwa specimens was in

agreement with the protologue and available literature. The stem cortex has a

generally distinct tylacanthous triplostichous appearance, with a slightly

diplostichous type. The most interesting finding is related to the variability of

the stem spine-cells: they are usually long and solitary on mature thalli as

described in the literature, and can be in clusters of 3-4 spines (one long spine

surrounded by 2-3 short conical–papillose spines) on young thalli. The latter

diagnostic feature is reported for the first time for this rare species, and might

be considered as a kind of environmentally-induced phenotypic plasticity

related to the spring habitats. The rbcL phylogenetic analysis showed that the

Siwa C. globata formed a well-supported clade with other identified taxa on

the GenBank database. These findings not only improved the understanding of

morphotaxonomy, worldwide distribution, and ecological preferences of C.

globata but they also confirmed its existence in Africa.

- 47 -

Determination of Genetic variation of the Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus in Freshwater Fisheries of Egypt.

Omaima Khafagy

Graduate Institute of Environmental Studies, Arish University, El-Arish, North Sinai.

Genetic resources assessment is considered as the starting point for

population management in both fisheries and aquaculture. The genetic

variations of four populations of Oreochromis niloticus (Behira, Fayoum, Lake

Nasser and Manzala) in Egyptian freshwater fisheries was investigated by

starch gel electrophoresis. The aim of this article is to detect allelic

polymorphism by electrophoresis, to describe overall levels of genetic

variations in Oreochromis niloticus, and to provide preliminary indication of

the geographic distributions of such markers. The results of present study

showed that there is genetic variation in different geographical populations of

the Nile tilapia. The genetic variations (FST value) between Lake Nasser and

Manzala was the highest indicating large amount of genetic differentiation.

Genetic distance for Manzala/Behira, Manzala/ Fayoum, and Manzala/Lake

Nasser were high (D= 0.124, 0.144, and 0.169, respectively), indicating a

pronounced separation of Manzala population from the other three ones.

Documentation procedures to identify populations and their genetic variations

can be performed at the morphological, protein and DNA levels of analysis. At

the protein level, enzyme electrophoresis is a common tool for documenting

the genetic status of wild and cultured fish populations. This technique can

provide genetic markers and estimate the heterozygosity's and genetic

distances. This study shows the importance of the allozyme marker as an

important contribution to the management of the populations of this important

aquaculture species.

- 48 -

Biochemical and taxonomic studies on the Egyptian forms of

the subfamily Gerbillinae (rodentia).

1Kareem M. Soliman, 1Sohail Soliman, 2Khaled A. Soliman.

1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo

11566, Egypt and 2Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams

University, Shobra El-khama, Cairo, Egypt.

Subfamily Gerbillinae, one of the largest groups of Egyptian desert

rodents. It includes 16 genera, 6 of which occur in Egypt, namely, Dipodillus,

Gerbillus, Meriones, Pachyuromys, Psammomys and Sekeetamys, which are

all included in the present study. The present work aims at reviewing the

classification of this subfamily by using molecular biological techniques,

random amplification of polymorphic chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) for DNA

fingerprints from tissue. Results of our work help solving many problems

associated with the taxonomy of this group of rodents, and establishing the

taxonomic relationships among its various taxa.

- 49 -

Characterization, solubilization and biological activity of

chitosan from the oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis).

Eman Eissa.

Entemology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.

Chitosan was extracted from the oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis(L.),

Vespinae, Hymenoptera,as a new source of insect chitosan, using chemical

methods. We assessed the physical properties of the wasp’s chitosan using

different approaches including: preliminary color-change identification,

Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction and

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). The results showed

that it gives higher purity, solubility and Degree of Deacetylation (DD)

compared to crustacean chitosan. The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles

(AgNP) using chitosan (Ch) from the oriental hornet as an innovative and

operative tool against Culex pipiens was presented. Chitosan silver

nanoparticles were highly effective against the larvae (III instar) of Culex

pipiens after 6, 12 and 24 h of treatment, LC50 ranging from 0.22 mg/L to 0.76

mg/L against Cx. pipiens. Overall, the oriental hornet could be a novel

alternative source of higher pure and more soluble chitosan, also Ch–AgNP

fabricated using wasp chitosan may offer a novel and safer control strategy

against Cx. pipiens mosquito vectors.

PosterAbstracts

- 51 -

A Chitosan-TiO2 nanocomposite imprinted polymer for the

effective removal of Congo red dye from textile wastewater.

Ashraf A. Mohamed, Mohamed A. Ahmed and Nader M. Abdelbar.

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain shams University, Abbassia, Cairo,

Egypt.

Removal of dyes from waste effluents is a challenging task. Therefore, a

new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based on Chitosan-TiO2

nanocomposite (CTNC) was synthesized for the quantitative and selective

removal of Congo red from textile wastewater. The physicochemical features

and efficiency of the prepared MIP nanoparticles were thoroughly investigated

using various physicochemical techniques including Fourier transform

infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and

N2-adsorption-desorption isotherm. The kinetics and mechanism of dye

uptake were systematically investigated. The data fitted well into the pseudo-

second order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model confirming the

formation of a monolayer of dye molecules. The prepared CTNC-MIP was

successfully applied to the removal of Congo red, as a typical anionic dye,

from highly polluted textile wastewater. Moreover, the exceptionally high

adsorption capacity, stability, and recyclability of the prepared nanocomposite

make it excellent competitive to previously reported adsorbents.

Dr. Hossam

Highlight

- 52 -

Anti-bacterial activity studies on textile modified with silver

metal, copper, zinc and magnesium oxides nanoparticles.

1Nehad Hamdi, 2Doaa M. EL-Mekkawi, 2Mohamed M. Selim, 3S. A.

Hassan, 3Amir Ezzat.

1Textile Lab., Chemistry Administration, Ramses st., Cairo, Egypt, 2Physical

Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt and 3Faculty of

Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

The anti-bacterial characteristics of different nano-structured metal and

metal oxides modified cotton fabrics were investigated. In this study, silver

metal, copper, zinc and magnesium oxides have been supported on bleached

cotton fabrics. Reduction, wet method, sol gel and precipitation methods were

used in the preparation of the antibacterial nanoparticles. The preparation of

the antibacterial-loaded cotton was carried out in-situ and/or ex-situ by pad dry

methods. Formation of the supported nanoparticles were confirmed using X-

ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy studies and energy dispersive X-

ray (EDX) analyses. Antibacterial studies on the supported nanoparticles were

done on gram positive (bacillus and S.aureus) and gram negative (E.coli)

bacteria by agar diffusion method. The loaded antibacterial nanoparticles are

effective against the bacteria under investigation in water systems. The cotton

fabric samples loaded with antibacterial agents have the following decreasing

order Ag>CuO>ZnO>MgO against all types of bacteria under investigation.

The inactivation performances depend on the type and the amount of

antibacterial nanoparticles on the textile surfaces.

- 53 -

Effect of Gamma Radiation on a Mixed Dye Film and its

Possible Use as a Radiation Dosimeter

1S.Eid, 2A.M.Rabie, 1S.Ebraheem and 1A.Sobhy.

1Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Department, National Centre for Radiation

Research and Technology (NCRRT), P.O. Box; 29 Nasr City, Egypt and 2Faculty of

Science Ain Shams University.

Dyed poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) films prepared by a simple technique of

casting aqueous PVA solution incorporating a mixture of two dyes namely

chlorophenol red (CPR) and Quinaldine Red (QR) on a horizontal glass plate

are useful as high dose dosimeter in the dose range 2-20 kGy range. The color

of these films change from deep red to yellow when exposed to gamma

radiation. Chloral hydrate was added with different concentrations. The

response of the prepared films can be modified either by change of chloral

hydrate concentration or ratio of the two dyes. As a result, these films can be

used as a dosimeter in two dose ranges. The dosimetric parameters, eg; dose

response, effect of relative humidity on response as well as pre- and post-

irradiation stability of these films were investigated.

- 54 -

Modified Double-Disc Synergy Test (MDDST) Versus Double-

Disc Synergy Test (DDST) for Detection of ESBL(S) in AMPC

β-lactamase-Producing Klebsiella Clinical Isolates.

1Iman M. A. El-Kholy, 2M. H. Abul-Aziz, 2Atef M. Diab and 1Mona A.

Rezk.

1Ain Shams University Hospital and 2Suez Canal University, Faculty of Science.

The detection of ESBL(S) in gram-negative bacteria that produce AmpC

beta-lactamases is problematic. In the present study, the performance of

MDDST that employs a combination of cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam

for the detection of ESBL(S)klebsiella producing AmpC beta-lactamases was

evaluated and compared with DDST. E-test phenotypic confirmatory and

MTDT tests were adopted for more data confidence. A total of 100 clinical

isolates of Klebsiella, which met the CLSI (2012) screening criteria as having

broth microdilution (BMD) MIC of > or =2 mg/mL for at least one extended

spectrum cephalosporin [ceftazidime (CAZ), cefotaxime (CTX) and

cefpodoxime], were accurately-selected for the study. MDDST detected

ESBLs in 62 out of the100 studied isolates with 100% sensitivity and

specificity, whereas DDST detected ESBLs in only 52 isolates with 92.9%

sensitivity and 100% specificity. E-test could detect ESBLs in 62 isolates,

while as many as 34/62 ESBL positive isolates were confirmed to be AmpC

beta-lactamase positive by the MTDT. MDDST and E-Test could detect

ESBLs in all the 34 AmpC positive isolates, whereas DDST detect ESBLs in

only 26 isolates. The study recommendedMDDST as superior to DDST for the

detection of ESBLs in AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella spp. and

this was confirmed by MTDT and E-Tests.

- 55 -

Evaluation of multiplex PCR techniques for klebsiella

producing AmpC-β lactamases in clinically significant

klebsiella isolates.

1Atef M. Diab, 1M. H. Abul-Aziz, 2Iman M. A. El-Kholy and 2Mona A.

Rezk.

1Suez Canal University, Faculty of Science and 2Ain Shams University

Hospital.

Multiplex PCR for the detection of AmpC genes has proved useful as a

rapid screening tool to distinguish cefoxitin resistant non-AmpC producers

from cefoxitin resistant AmpC producers. In addition to AmpC gene detection,

the data generated from the multiplex PCR method can distinguish which

family of AmpC gene is present in the resistant organism thereby

distinguishing possible inducible AmpC producers from non-inducible

producers of AmpC. The present study was designed to evaluatethese issues

among cephalosporin-resistant isolates of Klebsiella spp. and to assess the

performance characteristics of phenotypic tests, using different inhibitors,

compared to the PCR, for their rapid and accurate detection. Fifty eight out of

100 isolates were AmpC producers by PCR. Fifty six out of 58 isolates that

were positive by PCR test were resistant to FOX. Thirty out of 58 AmpC

producers were ESBL positive by E- test and MDDST in detection of ESBL in

the presence of AmpC. While 23 /58 were positive by DDST for detection of

ESBL in presence of Amp. This study reveals high prevalence of pAmpC and

ESBL enzymes among bacterial isolates from our hospital. ESBL production

may mask the phenotypic detection of pAmpC enzymes. Modified 3

dimensional(M3D) is a simple and reliable method for detection of pAmpCs.

MDDST serve as reliable confirmatory tests for detection of ESBLs in AmpC-

positive isolates.

- 56 -

Liposomal-antibiotics for drug delivery; In-Vitro antibacterial

activity and drug-phospholipid bilayer interactions.

Sally Helmy

Biophysics Group, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Bacteria nowadays are more capable of mutating and developing

resistance to antibiotics. This antimicrobial resistance problem is becoming a

global issue because infections caused by these resistant microorganisms often

fail to respond to standard treatments, resulting in prolonged illness and greater

risk of death. Thus, the search for a new drug delivery system was a must. In

this study, liposomes were efficiently used to deliver antibiotics to gram +ve

and –ve bacterial strains. Their size distributions, zeta potentials were

measured. FTIR spectroscopy deconvolution was also used to study the

conformational changes induced in the liposomal membranes by binding of the

drugs to the phospholipid bilayers. The In-Vitro antibacterial activity tests

proved that the concentrations of the encapsulated antibiotics could be reduced

4 times less than the free antibiotics minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)

and still have higher antibacterial results.

- 57 -

Ontology-Based Detection of Concept Descriptions from Hand-

Drawn Sketches

Nashwa M. Abdelghaffar


Understanding hand-drawn sketches usually requires two levels of

recognition. The first level, denoted as low-level recognition, is concerned with

detecting the geometric structures that constitute a sketch. The second level,

which is high-level recognition, is concerned with what structures represent.

The basis for the high-level recognition is to have a background knowledge.

This paper presents preliminary results on representing and interpreting

sketches based on reasoning over knowledge base of sketches. This is done by

using Description Logics (DLs) as a representation language.

- 58 -

Recognizing Geometric Shapes Using Fuzzy Formal Concept

Analysis

Nermeen A. Elsadany

Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University

Drawing has always been a preferred way to easily convey cultures,

information, expres- sions, and ideas. Sketches are the oldest recorded form of

human communication and are still widely used. Fuzzy Formal Concept

Analysis (FFCA) is a mathematical technique for analyzing data, knowledge

representation, and information management. Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is

a powerful knowledge learning model which uses old experiences to

understand and solve new problems. This paper presents a system that

combines FFCA, CBR, and global geometric features, to recognize freehand

sketches of primitive geometric shapes. The system granted freehand sketching

interface to recognize a new stroke as a primitive geometric shape, based on

extracting a set of global geometric features. Using CBR, we get from the

knowledge the similar primitive geometric shapes to the new stroke. The

primitive geometric shapes recognized by the system are lines, circles, ellipses,

triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, polylines and curves.

- 59 -

Smartness as emerging tool for innovation: (Do not waste

crustacean waste).

Hossam E. M. Sayour

Molecular Biomimetics Research group, Biomedical Chemistry Unit, Chemistry and

Nutritional Deficiency Disorders, Animal Health Research Institute.

In this illustrative poster we are addressing the global concern about do

not wasting crustacean wastes. Many industries are based on crustacean wastes

may include raw materials; astaxanthin extraction, calcium lactate leaching,

chitin purification and chitosan of different degrees of deacetylation and their

constitutional related modernized technological industries. Advanced

technologies may infer; bioplastics& intelligent packing, wearable &

implantable sensor devices of IoT based application and membrane

technology. These smart products are of mired scope of applications in

nutrition as feed and food additives, environmental remediation through air

and water treatment, pharmaceutical drug delivery, agrofood chain

developments and point of care devices or early warning systems for disease

control networking via recent information communication technologies (ICT).

Combinatorial approach of biopolymers (chitin and chitosan) with synthetic

polymers (biomimetic) composites of green innovative smart solutions in

medicine and agriculture is opening new era of current multidisciplinary

research teams. Implanting smart polymers to electronic different platforms

(transducer and/or chip) may lead to innovative intelligent devices (LOC,

MEMS, POC, WSNs). Socioeconomic impact due to smart solutions is rapidly

scored as these era of multidisciplinary research may lead to science goes

market based on patents.

Dr. Hossam

Highlight

- 60 -

Chitosan based adjuvant for smart vaccine delivery.

Alla El- Kholy and Hossam E. M. Sayour.

CEO of Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI) and Molecular

Biomimetics Research group, Biomedical Chemistry Unit, Chemistry and Nutritional

Deficiency Disorders, Animal Health Research Institute.

Polymeric nanoparticles applications in veterinary Biologics An

alternative approach to the oral delivery of vaccines using polymeric delivery

systems, which is not dependent on the uptake of microparticles across the gut,

involves encapsulation of antigens with enteric coatings or similiar polymers.

The objective is to protect the antigen against degradation and to release it in

the vicinity of the Peyer’s patches for uptake. Enteric coatings have previously

been used in a number of clinical trials involving oral vaccine delivery and this

technology is well established for oral delivery of labile drugs. However for

non-living vaccines simply protecting the antigens against exposure to low pH

in the stomach is allowing successful oral delivery. Future approaches will be

necessary to promote the induction of potent immune responses to vaccines

encapsulated in enteric coating polymers. Nevertheless, bioadhesive polymers

may prove to be more effective when administered by alternative routes,

including intranasal. Most pathogens gain access to their hosts through

mucosal surfaces. The induction of helpful specifi c antigen mucosal antibodies

is feasible only when the antigen is administered by one of the mucosal routes.

On the other hand, a number of obstacles must be overcome in order to

efficiently stimulate innate immune responses and evoke adaptive immune

responses without disturbing mucosal homeostasis or inducing tolerance. The

investigation of novel nontoxic adjuvants, like chitosan in delivery systems

and immunopotentiators, which should be efficacious on mucosal surfaces is

urgently required and is as important as the investigation of new antigens for

the development of new vaccines. Increased knowledge and fundamental

understanding of nanoparticle mechanism of action in both

immunostimulatory and delivery modes, and better understanding of in vivo

biodistribution and fate, are urgently required, and will accelerate the rational

design of nanoparticle-containing vaccines for smart delivery.

Bioeompatibillry and biodistribution of surface-modifiednanoparticles for potential theranostic applications.

Hossam E. 1\1.Sa\TOUr, Samar H. Kassem, and Sergey Plletsky.Molecular Bicmimetics Research group. Biomedical Chemistry Unit. Chemistry lindNutritional Deficieocy Disorders. Animal Health Research Institute. Deportnl<nt ofBiotechnology. Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI) Gi7.lt. Eg),1l1 andDepartment of Chemistry, UniV'C'fSll),of Leicester. University Rood. leicester tEl7RH.UK.

Recently. molecular engineering and nanotechnology have offeredtherapeutic treatment for oxidative stress-induced diseases. Some of thesenanosystems are based on novel materials such as metals and metal oxides.fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. One parameter that should be evaluatedbefore therapeutic application of t-.tps is their aggregation. The state ofdispersion of ultrnfine particulate system describes the extent to which theseparticles are agglomerated. NPs are held together in groups or clusters byattractive inter particle forces. in particular by electrostatic and Van der Waalsforces. Hence. when NPs have to be designed for in vivo applications, theircoating must be chosen carefully to allow proper biodistribuuon andaccumulation in the target area and to avoid either acute toxicity or tissue injuryas result of accumulation, These features ate significant for developingnanomaterials with selective molecular recognition, drug delivery or imagingproperties. Grafting of a polymer shell onto the surface of nanoparticles C3n beemployed to decrease their surface energy. enhance their polarity, and as aresult to improve their dispersibility, storage and colloidal stability. The mainobjective of this work \\'35 to optimize the surface characters of NPs, in orderto improve their dispersion and (0 add fluorescent features for imagingpurposes. In addition, the synthesized NPs were tested in vitro to study theireffect on cell viability and to assess their potential as drug deliverynanocarires,The surface grafting with negatively charged polymer helps in controlling theagglomeration and improving dispersibility of NPs in water. Core-shellgrafting/potyrnerization is one of the most versatile techniques thaI allows thecreation of spherical nanoparticles coated with functional polymer for drugdelivery or other applications . These functional NPs might possessselective molecular recognition, high fluorescence. increased biocompatibility.and stability in solution. When NPs have to be designed for in vivoapplications, their coaling must be chosen carefully to allow properbiodistriburiou and accumulation in the target area and avoid either acutetoxicity or tissue injury 3S a result of accumulation.

- 61 -

Enterbactericaea surface imprintind polymers for whole cellrecognition.

Hossam E. ~1. Sayour, Heba Karmy lind "1101 R.-agale.Molecular Bicmimetics Research group. Biomedical Chemistry UaiL Cbcmistry andNutritional Deficieocy Disorders . Animal Health Research In.stinne (AHRJ). Dokki.Gi7.8. Departmcm of BiCMcchnology. Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI). Gim.EgypI and Integrated Circuits laborntory (teL). Electronics and CoemumicctionEngineering Department. Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University.

Changes in consumer preference for safe food have led to innovations inpackaging technologies. Active and intelligent packing are such packagingtechnologies which offer (0 deliver safer and quality products. Activepackaging refers to the incorporation of additives into the package with the aimof maintaining or extending the product quality and shelf life. The intelligentsystems are those that monitor the condition of packaged food to giveinformation regarding the quality of the packaged food during transportationand storage, These technologies are designed to the increasing demand forsafer foods with better shelf life. Thin films incorporated with green imprintedpolymers for a variety of whole cells Enterbactericaea (E- coli, Salmonella,shegilla .... ) molecular surface recognition in order to develop smart packspecifically identify these microorganisms in liquids (e.g .. meat juice or milk).Microorganisms with various morphology and outer surface components wereimprinted into thin films. Adsorption of target microorganism onto imprintedfilms \\'35 facilitated by these, macromolecular fingerprints as revealed byvarious microscopical examinations (SEM, AFM, and HRTEM). Theimprinted films showed high selectivity toward each of test food pathogenicbacteria with high adsorption affinity making them excellent candidates forrapid detection of these microorganisms from liquids. Many current trends inbiosensor development 3Ie conducted through sn13U, easy-to-use, and fastsensors, so-caned "smart" systems. A key issue to be addressed in the future isthe increasing demand for higher sensitivity and selectivity that wiil allowmolecules to be monitored in real time at a minimal cost. The future biosensoris expected to function Oil the principle of"Iaboratory on a chip" LOe. havingaU the essential components microfabricated on a chip with the aim to simplifyand extend reliable monitoring of the analytes outside the laboratory withwireless senor networks facilities as tracking systems. Compact c-hip deviceswill constitute another future area of intensive. multidisciplinary sensorresearch. There is a growing tendency toward miniaturization of analyticalsystems. since it allows the handling of low-volume samples, a reduction inreagent consumption and waste generation. and increases sample throughput.

- 62-

Dr. Hossam

Rectangle

Studies on Validation of Online Monitoring System forAquaponics Based on Electrochemical Sensors.

'"ossa") E. 1\1. Sayour, !)1agda AbduU ~'tonenl AbduU Hame-ed.!~1ohanled [,l-Defrau'y and JH3". Ragale,

'Molecular Biomimetics Research group, Biomedical Chemistry Unit Cbemisary andNutritional Ocficicnc,yDisorders. Anin131 Health Research Institute (AHRI). Dckki,Giza. -Depanmeut of Annlytical Chemistry. Fncuhy of Science. Manscura Universitynnd 'Integrated Circuits Laboratory (lel). Electronics and CcmmueicaucnEngineering Department, Faculty of Engjncering, Ain Shams University.

Aquaponics. the combined culture of Iish and plants in recirculating systems,has become: increasingly popular. Aquaponic systems art' recirculating aquaculturesystems that incorporate the production of plants without soil. trnpcrtera water QualityParameters in equcponics mny include dissolved oxygen (00) Nitrogen (ammonia.nitrite. nitrate) pH. settleable nod suspended solids nod water temperature . Ammoniais not toxic IlSan ion NH4+ {emmonium). AI pH 7.0 or below most ammonia (>95I}fI)exits as an ion. The sum of the gaseous and ionic forms is called total emmcnie-nitrogen (TAN) which should be maintained < 3 mgfliter. Fish tolerate higher TANlevels ifpH <7.0. TAN is removed by nitrifying bacteria (Nitrcsorncnas) and plants.Ammonium is oxidized 10 nitrite (N02-). This process (nitrification) destroysalkalinity produces acid (Ii) and lo\ vers p+L Nitrifying bacteria J;:rO\" Oil surfaces(fixed 61m) or on suspended organic panicles where nitrification is optinulJ III high00 lind 10'" levels of organic mauer. Nitrile is removed by nitrifying bacterin[Nitrobactcrj. Nitrite is oxidized to nitrate (NOl-). Nitrate is reletivcly non-toxic butduring nitrification process which also destroys alkaJinity. produces acid (J·n and1000'erspH. Nitrile is toxic m 5 rug/liter so for liLnpia maintaining nitrite-nitrogen et tmg/liter is good equeponics real-lime monitoring/managenlCnt system. In recentyears. mO«' and more achievements of artificial intelligence are applied intoenvironmental protection. A popular method named neural network model bes adrawback thet is usually difficult to clearly understand the data model of theassociation between tho variables. proposing a modified decision tree method lakingbetter end more accurate. Recent advances in cornmueicatice and sensor rechoclogyhave catalyzed progress ill monitoring water quulity via wireless sensor networks(\VSNs). One of the main problems in monitoring equaponics system by \VSNs issensor interface microbia] fouling. Blending of PVC with dtitosan throughsimultaneous casting of different proportions of liquid polymeric membraneelectrcchemical sensors is smart solution for microbia] sensors antifouling. Cast blendis inhibiting microbial penetration of sensing membrane which leeds to sensor foulingin equaponics water system.

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Coreshell polymeric uanoparticles for selective heavy metalsrecognition and scavenging rested in crayfish digestive tract.

IHossam E. ~1.Sn"our, l,i-\bt"er S. Ahdel Rahman.

'Molecular Bicmimetics Research group. Biomedical Chenlistry Unit. Chemistry andNutritional Deficiencyrrisceders. Animal Hcahh Research Institute (AHRI). Dokki.Giza nnd 'Nutritional Chemistry Unu. Chemistry and Nutritional DeficiencyDisorders. Animal Health Research Institute (AHRJ). Dckki. Giza.

COOlman contaminants in wastewater and many of them are known 10 betoxic or carcinogenic. For example, chromium (Vl) is found 1'0 be toxic tobacteria. plants, animals and people. Mercury. lead and cadmium are knownas two of the 1110St toxic metals that are very damaging to the environment. lnaddition. heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in livingorganisms, causing various diseases and disorders. Recently. numerousapproaches have been studied for the development of cheaper and moreeffective adsorbents containing natural polyme-rs. Among these,polysaccharides such as chitin and starch, and their derivatives (chitosan,cyclodextrin) deserve particular attention. Crayfish hepatopancreas was found:IS a specific tissue for accumulation of cadmium, zinc, copper, lead. andchromium. Mercury and nickel accumulated largely in muscles andexoskeleton. respectively, Hepatopancreas was confirmed to be the primaryaccumulating site for the majority of metals (Cu > In > Ni > Cd > Cr), whileHg and Cr were concentrated in abdominal muscle, and AI and Pb wereconcentrated in gill. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have beenutilized as recognition elements for a wide range of analytes due Cotheir highstabilityand remarkable mechanical properties. However, the traditional MLPssuffered some limitations for the practical applications. To broaden theapplication scope. multifunctional core-shell MIPs (CS.MIPs) have attractedincreasing attentions in separation of elements up to macromolecules.Engineering MIP selective for some heavy rnetal ions and gathering thebenefits of bottom up approach in building CS-MIP of biocompatibility andreduced toxicity is one of our first goal. Embedding these CS·MIPs as feedadditives to act as scavenger for toxic heavy metals is the second main goal.

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Dr. Hossam

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