1g, 2g, 3g, 4g (regulation)

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    Comparison Of1G,2G,3G,4G

    Networks

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    Contents

    First generation networks (1G)

    Second generation networks (2G)

    2.5G Third generation networks (3G)

    Fourth generation networks (4G)

    References

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    First Generation Networks (1G)

    First Constructed in late 1970s.

    Analog Networks were used only for voice

    communication and uses FDMA

    Poor Hand Off, Dropped Connections, Low Capacityand No security.

    AMPS, Paktel

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    Second Generation Networks

    (2G)

    2G networks introduced Digital capabilities towireless in early 1990s uses TDMA and CDMA

    High voice quality & basic data services likevoice mail. Limited browsing.

    Circuit Switched Technology

    Increased Capacity. Strong security

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    Second Generation Networks

    (2G)

    Four major 2G systems are currently in use.

    DAMPS (Digital AMPS now known as TDMA)

    CDMA(IS 95) introduced by Qualcomm in 1995

    Global System for Mobile Communications(GSM)

    Most popular of the 2G networks.

    Personal Digital Cellular (PDC) , largely used in Japan.

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    Second Generation Networks

    (2G)

    GSM

    Frequencies 900, 1800, 1900 MHz,

    Data Rate is 9.6 Kbps.WAP Browsing,

    Text Messaging,

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    Interim standard -95

    CDMA (IS-95)

    Frequencies are 800 & 1900 MHz.

    Data Rate 14.4 Kbps.

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    FDMA

    TDMA

    CDMA

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    Second & A Half Generation

    Networks (2.5 G).

    De-merits of 2G: Inefficient & Expensive provide very limited

    data rates due to circuit switched technology.

    Higher Capacity, Higher Data Transfer Rates& Global Roaming are the driving forces for

    behind next generation(2.5 & 3G).

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    Migration FromCircuit Switching

    in to Packet

    Switching.

    10 times

    greater datarate than 2GNetworks.

    Only SoftwareUp-gradation

    Requiredform 2G to

    2.5 G.

    Second & A Half Generation

    Networks (2.5 G).

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    Second & A Half Generation

    Networks (2.5 G).

    Two leading 2.5 G Network Protocols

    GPRS : Frequencies Range 900,1800 & 1900 MHz.Theoretical Data Rate 115 to 144 Kbps

    But realistic data transfer data rate 56 Kbps.

    CDMA 2000 1x : Data Through put 144 Kbps.

    Frequencies 800 , 1900 MHz.

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    Thi d G i N k

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    Third Generation Networks

    (3 G).

    History :-

    The Vision to develop a single global standard for

    high speed & voice quality voice services.

    The Goal is a single standard , true global roaming

    for all users worldwide.

    3GPP ( Third Generation Partnerships Project).This is doing behind the development of 3G

    standards

    Thi d G i N k

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    Third Generation Networks

    (3 G).

    ITU approved an industry standard for 3Gwireless systems known as

    IMT-2000(International MobileTelecommunication-2000).

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    3G

    1- WCDMA(UMTS) mostly

    deployed in Europe.

    2- CDMA2000 1xEV

    3-EDGE (EnhancedData Rates for

    Global Evolution)

    3G networks

    Thi d G i N k

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    Third Generation Networks

    (3 G). IMT-2000

    Two main enhancement characterize 3G Networks.1- Higher Data Rates:-

    a) High Mobility: 144 Kbps for outdoor rural users whotraveling at speed greater than 120 Km/Hr.

    b) Full Mobility : 384 Kbps for uses traveling less than120 Km /Hr in urban areas.

    c) Limited Mobility: 2 Mbps for users who are moving atless than 10 Km per hour

    Thi d G ti N t k

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    Third Generation Networks

    (3 G). IMT-2000

    2- Enhanced Quality Of Service:-

    QoS is supported from end to end in 3G systems.

    This allows users to establish agreements withnetwork operators for certain network

    properties i.e. data transfer and network latency.

    Thi d G ti N t k

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    Third Generation Networks

    (3 G).

    3G Networks are IP based .

    3G Devices

    1. Support for multimedia content such as video

    streaming.2. Large, highresolution screens

    3. PDAs.

    4. Integrated voice & data as in high-end smartphones

    Appli ti n

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    StreamingVideo

    applications.

    Downloadaudio such

    as MP3s.

    Voice over

    IP.

    Multimedia

    MessagingServices.

    Applications

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    Evolution to 3G

    TDMA

    GSM

    CDMA CDMA20001X

    GPRS

    CDMA 2000 1XEV

    WCDMA

    EDGE3G2.5 G

    2 G

    9.6 kbps,1990s

    30-144 kbps,2001-02

    384 kbps.2002

    2 Mbps2003-04

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    4thGeneration Networks

    (4 G).

    4Gis the short term forfourth-generation wireless.It isexpected that end-to-end IPand high-quality streamingvideo will be among 4G's

    distinguishing features.

    A 4Gsystem will be able toprovide a comprehensive IPsolution where voice , data and

    streamed multimedia can begiven to the users on

    Anytime Anywhere basis andhigher data rates than the

    previous generations.

    It will be a fully IP basedintegrated system capable ofproviding between 100 Mbpsto 1 Gbps in both indoor andoutdoor with premium quality

    and high security.

    http://searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid186_gci214031,00.htmlhttp://searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid186_gci214031,00.html
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    MAGIC

    Mobile multimedia

    Anytime Anywhere

    Global mobility support

    Integrated wireless and

    Customized personalizedservices.

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    APPLICATIONS

    The applications of 4Gare called KILLERAPPLICATIONs as it is going to bring torevolution in the internet world.

    -- High Speed Data Rate due to which a movie canbe downloaded in 2 to 3 minutes.

    -- More Security -- Video Conferencing

    -- Higher Bandwidth -- Global Roaming

    FUTURE OF 4G:5G (completed

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    FUTURE OF 4G:5G (completedWWWW:

    World Wide Wireless Web):The idea of WWWW, World Wide Wireless Web, isstarted from 4Gtechnologies. The following

    evolution will based on 4Gandcompleted its idea toform a REAL wireless world. Thus, 5G should make animportant differenceandadd more services andbenefit to the world over 4G; 5G should be a more

    intelligent technology that interconnects the entireworld without limits

    3G V 4G

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    3G Vs 4G

    The following table shows comparisons between some key parametersof 3G Vs possible 4G systems.

    3G 4G

    Frequency Band 1.8 - 2.5 GHz 28 GHzBandwidth 5-20 MHz 5-20 MHzData rate Up to 2Mbps ( 384 kbps WAN) Up to 20 Mbps

    or more.

    Access Wideband CDMA Multi-carrier- CDMASwitching Circuit/Packet Packet

    Mobile top speeds 200 kmph 200 kmph

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    R f

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    References

    Part of the slides are adapted from the slides ofPosco Tso, Harish Vishwanath, Erran Li and

    Justino Lorenco, Saro Velrajan and TCL India

    http://webpages.uncc.edu/~zli19/4g.htm

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    THANK YOU

    BY

    A.RAJESH

    2ndECE-B

    2201411205