1_intro to statistical analysis
TRANSCRIPT
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Training Course on Statistical Analysis with STATA
May 16 - 20, 2011
STATISTICAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTER J and S Building, 104 Kalayaan Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City
Introduction toStatistical AnalysisJose Ramon “Toots” G. Albert, Ph.D.
Senior Research Fellow, Philippine Institute for Development StudiesPast President, Philippine Statistical Association
Fellow, Social Weather Stationse mail: [email protected] ; [email protected]
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Agenda
Answering QuestionsCommonly Used StatisticalMethodsWhat is Statistical Analysis?• Descriptive Statistics
• Inferential Statistics• Statistical Models
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Many times, we need to answer questions:• What is the pattern of poverty in the
Philippines?• What is the current level of livestock
production?• How do SMEs operate?• Why are the poor poor?
Research entails answering questions withthe use of scientific methods
Answering Questions
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Answering Questions
The Research Process
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Types of Research:
Qualitative research : based on info fromunderstanding of the behavior of peopleand institutions, their values, rituals,symbols, beliefs, emotions.Quantitative research: based on info from
surveys, experiments, and administrativerecords.
Answering Questions
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
USE DATA to• Describe• Explain
• Predict• Make Decisions
Datacollection
Data organization &preliminary analysis
The worldbeforeanalysis
The worldafteranalysis
Datainterpretation
Purposes ofStatisticalAnalysis
Nature of Statistical Analysis
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
I HOPETHIS ISN’TSTATISTICS
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Statistical analysis
Come on! It can‘t go
wrong every time...
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
• Collect Data e.g. Survey
• Present Data e.g. Tables and Graphs
• Characterize Data e.g. Mean nx i
A Characteristic of a:Population is a ParameterSample is a Statistic.
Data Description
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Explaining/ PredictingRelationships
When explaining relationships with statisticalmodels, we make conclusions and decisions about a
large class of data (called a POPULATION) usingSAMPLE results.This is called INFERENCE and involves
• ESTIMATION• HYPOTHESIS TESTING
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Common Stat Methods
Statistical Method / Model
DependentVariables
IndependentVariables
Oneway ANOVA One DV (Quantitative – interval)
One IV with 2 ormore levels(independent groups)
Kruskall Wallis One DV (Quantitative – interval or ordinal)
One IV with 2 ormore levels(independent groups)
Chi square test One DV(categorical) One IV with 2 ormore levels(independent groups)
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Common Stat Methods
Statistical Method / Model
DependentVariables
IndependentVariables
one-way repeated
measures ANOVA
One DV (Quantitative –
interval)
One IV w/ 2 or more
levels (dep/ matchedgroups)
Friedman test One DV(Quantitative – interval or ordinal)
One IV w/ 2 or morelevels (dep/ matchedgroups)
repeated measureslogistic regression
One DV(categorical) One IV w/ 2 or morelevels (dep/ matchedgroups)
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Common Stat Methods
Statistical Method / Model
DependentVariables
IndependentVariables
factorial ANOVA One DV (Quantitative –
interval)
two or more IVs
(independent groups)
Factorial logisticregression
One DV (categorical) two or more IVs(independent groups)
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Common Stat Methods
StatisticalMethod / Model
DependentVariables
IndependentVariables
Correlation One DV(Quantitative – interval)
One IV
Simple linearregression
Nonparametriccorrelation
One DV(Quantitative –
interval or ordinal)
One IV(Quantitative –
interval or ordinal)simple logisticregression
One DV(Categorical )
One IV
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Statistical Research and Training Center Statistical Analysis with STATA May 16 – 20, 2011
Common Stat Methods
Statistical Method / Model
DependentVariables
IndependentVariables
Multiple regression 1 DV (Quantitative – interval)
1 or more intervalIVs and/or1 or more categoricalIVs
Analysis of covariance
multiple logisticregression
1 DV (Categorical) 1 or more intervalIVs and/or
1 or more categoricalIVsdiscriminant analysis
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Training Course on Statistical Analysis with STATA
May 16 - 20, 2011
STATISTICAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTER J and S Building, 104 Kalayaan Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City
Moving on toUsing Stata …