1.major developments took place in science and engineering 2. artists, architects, and writers...
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1.Major developments took place in science and engineering
2. Artists, architects, and writers borrowed ideas from the Greeks
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Roman Culture
The Romans admired and studiedGreek art, architecture, and ideas.
Romans placed Greek-style statues in their homes and Greek-style
porches and columns in buildings.
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The Romans copied the Greeks in many ways but changed what they borrowed to suit their own needs
and solve everyday problems.
Romans addedarches and domes
in buildings toprovide support
Rows of arches buildone against one another form a
vault.
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Roman AqueductsRoman AqueductsRoman AqueductsRoman Aqueducts
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Roman concrete was a
mixture of volcanic
ash, lime, and water and was
very strong
Romans were the first
people to invent and use concrete.
Many Roman
concrete buildings,
such as the Colosseum
and the Pantheon , still exists
today.
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The Collosseum is a huge arena that seated
60,000 people.
The Pantheon is a domed temple built
to honor Roman gods. It’s domed roof was the
largest or it’s time.
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The Roman The Roman ColosseumColosseumThe Roman The Roman ColosseumColosseum
http://www.italyguides.it/us/roma/colosseum.htm
http://www.history.com/videos/coliseum-deconstructed
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Roman Roads: Roman Roads: The The Appian WayAppian WayRoman Roads: Roman Roads:
The The Appian WayAppian Wayhttp://www.history.com/videos/where-did-it-come-from-ancient-rome---mobile-society
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Roman Art
Roman artists admired Greek sculptures which were made to look
perfect or idealistic.
Roman statues were more realistic however, and included wrinkles, warts,
and other less attractive features.
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Roman authors based much of their writings on Greek works
Roman writer, Virgildrew some of his
ideas from Homer’sOdyssey when he
wrote his epic poemthe Aenied.
Roman writer,Ovid, wrote worksbased on Greek
myths.
The Aenied describesthe adventures of the Trojan prince, Aeneas,and portrays him as
the ideal Roman,brave, self-controlled,
and loyal to the gods.
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Horace wrote satires that poked fun at
human weaknesses andodes that expressed
strong emotions about life.
Catullus, wrote shortpoems about love,sadness and envy.Roman
Poets
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Livy wrote his Historyof Rome to describe Rome’s rise to power
and to celebrate Rome’sgreatness.
Tacitus wrote about the dark side of Romanhistory believing thatRome’s emperors had
taken people’s freedomsand were corrupt.
RomanHistorian
s
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Roman Playwright, Senecawrote tragedies.
Roman Playwrights, Plautus and Terence,
wrote comediesRomanPlaywrig
hts
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The language of the Romans, Latin, becameEurope’s language for
government, trade, andlearning.
Latin became the basis of many modern
languages such as,Italian, French, and
Spanish.
Many English wordscome from Latin.
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The Romans learned from Greek science and engineering.
Greek doctor, Galen,emphasized the importance of
anatomy, the studyof body structure.He cut open dead
animals andrecorded his
findings
Astronomer, Ptolemy,studied the sky andmapped over 1.000different stars. He
studied the motion ofplanets and created
rules explainingtheir movements.
Roman engineers builtroads and bridges toconnect the empire and aqueducts to
bring water into the cities for fountains,bathhouses, and sewer systems to
remove waste.
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The City of Rome
Rome was one of the largest cities in the
ancient world with over 1 million people.
It was laid out in a squarewith an open space,
called the Forum, at it’scenter and temples and
public buildings around it.
The city of Rome was crowded, noisy, and dirty.
People tossed garbage intothe street and thieves
prowled the streets.
Fire was a constant dangerbecause people used
torches and lamps for light and cooked with oil.
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The rich and poor had verydifferent lives in the Roman
Empire.
The wealthy lived in large, comfortable houses with fine furniture
and beautiful gardens witha center courtyard calledan atrium. On countryestates they built villas.
Most people were poor and lived in one room apartments
made of stone and woodthat were up to 6
stories high.
To keep poor people from rioting, the Roman
government provided“bread and circuses” or free grain
and shows.
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Roman sporting events took place in the Colosseum,amphitheatres, and the Circus Maximus
Romans of every classflocked to
the Chariot races and gladiator
contests
Wild beast fights,battles between
ships, and gladiator contests attracted Roman
spectators by thethousands
Most gladiators wereenslaved people,
criminals,or poor people, but
were admired as heroes.
Chariot racing washeld in the Circus
Maximus and the driverswore team colors ofred, white, green,
and blue
Gladiators foughtanimals and each
other.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWCwnkdPPCc
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Roman families were large and included
parents, children, married children and
their families, other relatives, and enslaved servants.
Roman families were
called paterfamilias andthe father was the headof the household withcomplete control over
family members.
Paterfamilias punished disobedient children, arranged marriages, and made sure children
were educated.
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Educationfor RomanChildren
Wealthy Romans hiredtutors to teach
their young children athome. Older boys went
to school.
Girls studied reading, writing, and household
duties at home.
Boys learned reading,writing, and rhetoric, or
public speaking.
Poor Romans could not afford to send their
children to school orhire tutors.
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Between ages 14 and 16, Roman boys celebratedbecoming a man and
began wearing a toga. Heburned his toys and offeredthem to the gods. He could
then enter the family business, become a soldier,
or work in government.
Girls did not becomeadults until theymarried. Womenusually wore a
long robe and cloakcalled a palla.
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For most slaves, life was miserable. Slaves often rebelled.
Slavery was part of Roman life from early times and grew as the Romans added more territory.
Prisoners were brought to Italy and by 100 B.C., 40 percent of the people in
Italy were enslaved.
Enslaved people did many different jobs. They worked in homes, fields, mines, workshops and built roads, bridges, and aqueducts.
Enslaved Greeks were well
educated and served asteachers, doctors,
and artisans.
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Who wasSpartacus?
The revolt was crushedand Spartacus was
crucified with 6,000 of his
followers.
In 73 B.C., a gladiator named Spartacus led a slave revolt with a force
of 70,000enslaved people who
defeated several Roman armies.
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The ancient Romans worshiped many gods and goddessesand believed that spirits lived in natural things such as trees
and rivers.Greek gods and goddesses were given Roman names.
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Romans honored their gods and goddesses
by praying and offeringfood.
Roman homes had alters
for these rituals.
Government officialsmade offerings
in temples.
As the empire grew,Romans came into contact
with other religions. this wasallowed as long as they did
not threaten the government.Those religions who did were
punished. Christianitywas one.
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What architectural details do you see in your community?
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RomanPoets and
Historians
..
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