1st marine division - sar - annex r motor transport ... · 1st marine division - special action...
TRANSCRIPT
1ST MARINE DIVISION - SPECIAL ACTION REPORT - ANNEX R MOTOR TRANSPORT OFFICER - OCTOBER 1950 - DECEMBER 1950
Korean War
Korean War Project Record: USMC-19
CD: 01
United States Marine Corps History Division
Quantico, Virginia
Records: United States Marine Corps
Unit Name: 1st Marine Division
Depository: National Archives and Records Administration
Location: College Park, Maryland
Editor: Hal Barker
Korean War Project
P.O. Box 180190
Dallas, TX 75218-0190
http://www.koreanwar.org
Korean War Project USMC-00101197
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DECLASSIFIED
EEAIQ.t'XRTERS .:A;n:NZ :!)!VIS:u;o; (F.E!h""'F) CIt- FLEET .pf~ OFI<'lCE
::Jivisi.-•n l'Jotf'r i).'ranSp('rt (•ff"icer. CPm.:tanding Ger.erel, 1st r'&ine .Divisicn.
229'5
Snf!Cl<-ll AC'tif'n R€'l)f'\r't for 11T0PIH'I.D-Ii:arnhung-Choein Reservoir c.,erntir-n.
:!tef: (a.) DlvisiC'n General Crder Nr'. 16. (b) Divicir-n ~,!e.:ncr::l-nd.u,"!l Nro. 248-5'0.
Jl,P>,1rn rr>l-'. ~IV'"'-1'~"' ... Lz'i.lu'lc- ;;; .,,._.~ . ., am".Li.l'-"""1.1. bc·th-f
unqe_r !)1 ~i; i ~~---~~rn t!f l-_-~ ~. ;~~ ~~~~?~~A~¥V,~:E~~-t~~~;~--, t~~-_;_i~~~~iX+A~~:/·~-~-~j~;-~;~~~t regimen to · ao . ~'1e·· c-cc:1.o1r~n·-·a_e:r;_~::-i.de_,r;'· ;-·_7-r(i; ~~lc·,:·e_~n:c-:or_t_ :·.!n_'· :t~-~, -·~e:r..u-;~l'> • ··~·
M ATeP ""RS m<'st ·difficult due ·tr· the• distance· f'r'rrn Ha:M.ung ·-t~C"'' ·the' rfi.il- · hi?i\d at Chinhu.ng-ni (42 rt1iles), F.o.T>d finally tl· the f;n.-.t>r-d fl,reas at Krtr-ri end EA_"';aru-ri. The vrlum~ ('f.clau I,'l!I, and :V reouired in frr .. •prd dw:ms l"ftPn recuirt>d tH'St c-i th~ trucks frr hauling and denied the infMttY rE>gin:ents the trucks nf>cessRrY t(' m~"'ve tre"'r-oe fr-r,·•ard c:UstRhCPS u-o tf' 2( A.nd Y• mile-a.
(P..) It is recrll!:nended th.:..t •··ben Fl. i<Ja.rin<" Divisirn is ettployed in ltm::l '"l'lrf.~·r~ invrlvin·· 1:-:r.g r::r-..·e:n~:ntc in;Ln.nd thut f:lll unite b;;: etlUi"l:r')ed •·•i th trucks Ct'IUnling that rf crrnsu~nding Army units, e;.ince cperr--tic·ns Ftn:l l<-gist;ic .-.rder.:; f'ic-;:; hi[her heFti".cuA.rter;; ..-.1-e -oredic..~ted en the ruf"'tr-r trMs-orrt c::rpP.bilities C"f Arny units,
b. i·iaintenence - RC"utine r.utintenance "f r.tC"tl"r trE>nsport, bdh crgunizt!tirnr.l r:"tnd field, .._.t:-,3 11mitet'- -pnrtu.lly by th8 el:wrtages :::f kcls end S'OP".r€ "?flrts, aa discussed in 11d, Supplytt, belCI"''• '\here tho? sut-zHt• Cf-·ld rn the- Ko\.t'-ri-F.a.gru~u-r-i -.;>lattlau W.ft.a o?XJ;~otir1t.:n<.;Gd,
~a.intenance becr;ne extreaely difficult. '!he extreme C<'ld hBd. the · fC'llr ... •in~. effects:
(1) Vehicle at~.rti~. trr:"ublf'S were .t:~~l.ti-pli~d tremendr-uJilY, -,. . -
( 2) Pr··odU.cti v1 ty ._ ('·:r' f.leobSl:itcS·/,.,aS . seve·relY 11m1 ted •. • ' .' •j j ' ' ''
(3) P'~>.Cilities pnviC'.c-d fcor .vehicul_ai maintAnancoe _,.,ere !'-<~!!1f·ij~ V·~"llY l!:l.-ei<-Lnf!:; i!:e!:!s n•tmii'~d "'er!O'' etrvee ir-l sh!'"'O: t€nts, Sl)B.CE' hPP.,t~rs, ,..nd E>n(Iinf' •·•rrml>rB.
(4) V.;.biclf' fflilur-Ps r·•f:re mC're frt:~ouent e,nd d1,.gn('Bis mt""re cttfficult.
( :l) Ir-.i'ufficient ::laterifi.l5 .... ere avf':ilablF irr inBpf!ctirn ft.lld rt>nlacenent r-f Cf'r ling eye te~1 crmorne:nh, ·
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DF.CI.ASSIFIED
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Korean War Project USMC-00101198
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(6) VPhicl<- life '"f!'s n'.r'1.l,ct=,;1. (u,;.. tr- sfllvage .f1D0. 'f:'xchan:>;il rf -oP.rte frrr.l rnP ve-hiclE" 'tc; t-~nrth~~· t~ k• .. , !:'IB.Xi::nm vehiclt!s rn~;>ra.tinc.
~ZCCHlPN~·ATIC'NS: !tis r:-cr-n .. en(j~;>C,. thRt fr-r i"'o3TAtiC'n and adntanro-lct:. - , in sU'b-zer(' ter.~uer~turcs that:
(1) Drivers Pnd uechanics rec<:>i ve s-oecial traininc; ~n 'I:!Tr-ger fil~ing, testing, anCI. dre.in1ne Cit' cr;c'Tli,ll€ systt::.:ts~
(2) All "'t:rnrnn.:-1 .invr-lv.:C. 1n the C'peratitn c-f mC'tl"r vehicles be instruct~d in thP "Proper tt::ochnique Emd 1Jtr9crtance ·of ':fE\Till'ing: uo enui~mPnt ~ri~r t~ us~.
' c. 'lht' er:mlr-yn~nt f'f an indeOendent t'if't~"~r Tre.nspC\rt 1ettal1~"n _C'r \ell Awhi'bian ·'!Tuck .Cc-::rp.E".ny (Dukw) ,'!ithout· a nf\i~tl"n.0.np~ 1'Sectirn
e.ttP.'ChPC. .is unae.tisfactrry~ lt is Wldnrst.N·d thA.t ·the therreticr-1 erJT>lr';\'-:nPnt l'f thE> 7th M<"'trr 'l'rr.r.s..,c:'rt :Bflttniirn (F('rce l}:·rN·-os)
CC'nteml)lAteO th.A.t J:'llllir.tE.ne.ncc· "'f'ulc'. be RCOC>molished.·by·the illtf' Ma~.ntenR.."lC<":Secti<'n, Qf'::!bet SE>rvice Grr>U'Q, In· this rroe-re.ti('tn,. t"'l'
·rut ro'f jf,..ur '.truck c.c-rmnnifs, 7th hotf'l'"~fl~B'P~""ft·:Batte.lirn, w:er~ . , f!nml_ryt?d indf"')en~E·ntly fl.Jl~. "U}1ys1CPlly Se"PA!'_atf!d .frl'l!l· the C('-I:lbe.t
~E>rvice Gr.~"UTJ. . It '"''ulci. t.c-
. ~nin te>n£tnc~· l'f these t1••t" crmuNlies . Autrt:l,..tive)ill~.ntenance ,Cc!:TOMY 1 l.ct· :·:l'·trr _vns e~"nstantly- r>ver·l(lade.O. with nrrf.lal "'N'k,·,
, REcr;~~:NDAT!C'll: "Every :~<'t0r Trensp,..rt Bnttelil"n sht<uld have a minimum l'f_ r-p.e (l) DP-intem'~nc.e l?lat/'lrn rrgM'ic tl' tho? bF.ttP.licn. Such· a ")latrr:n ,~_e-t:'d- nrt _be the full._·n,l.o.tr"rn·_ as:_c-rgani.zi;'IC.: u.nQe:r. 't/0 .K-1~33. !t sh••uld be a etreanlinecl. 'OlatC"'cn rf c-nE! (1) l/(1 C"r C~W · (3'110) A.nd' 24 e.nlistbd, ThB sa·.1e _urccedurc A.S rt:>cc:-.1mendeG. fe-r the
7th Uf'tnr Trr.nsurrt Fa.ttnlirn is r€~r·n:nt-!nd.r-d frr. the DUK~·j Cn.roany. At Prf'El'~nt,.higher .authC'l"ity ;is taking such act1C'n tt' prcv.ido.' a l':la.intenance se·ctirn frr::. bi?l-\dqlml"tE'rS and service C(lt'!p-~nY, Amphibian Truck :&P.ttf"liron tr· furnish r.laintcnance ElUT,IQtrt !f'r CcfJ'!'_),<>.ny '•Au, A."lpbibifln ~·ruck Bntteli10n.
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,{1) ~-.ajl'r· ite,;l:1 - Sup?lY !''48 ade(lu_a:te in g41nenJ.; iUoe,. peculiiir tr' the i·wrine Crros t·rere ie,e~ived. ~egultll'~Y. ~&- ,i_ter.;e .
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(II) Suuply syste::lj Su-pprrt 1·•es f'urnish:o?d. by 330.th f'rd _DPort CNnr:>f.lny ·"·hich Prrivf!C'.· at ,>·r ... nsan at ·Apurc-xi!!lf\tAl~~ tlie' timt> the.> l'i~sir>n :~rved tr- hAnhun;.;, ~'he 3-3t.'th. thE-n ~'."vee. tf' HMhune.:, Out .-..l'.e nr"t fi.VAil-..ble ,.r equi'))Pt'·d tr- issul'I-'Oflrts teouir~d f('lr eP•to?:r~.l J,eFY:s. S<ttPCiA~ re(ll~e-st.s Mf-r~ !:l.o:tde th:rC"'ugh channels fl"r such ite::1s as anti
frN•_zl":, i'l;"l'nt apri~B ~-~~ jE>eu "9t"ints., but :p(') Rctirm '"'''~=!·frrthoroingfrr
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DECLASSIFIED
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Korean War Project USMC-00101199
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DEebASSJPifiJ .'illn"'x ?CG.E.:. .tr le:t ,<arinf :i:livisinn SnEcir-.1 ActiPn Re"9<">rt:
elr.-:re:t 3C C.Pys, 'I'he .:-:;entrnl :>u:only :picturo; frr ccrr.-~C'n ito.ts rf r.H'tr:r trr>nc"l")0rt Ml"ls ':"Jt-('r, .i·l~intPr,flnc"' vas prssibh· rnly tr th<J lir:d ~E.d f Yt<'nt rf Ft.VI.:il(l.ble suA.ri' onrts,
(III) hn.rin<: CC~rns Suooly .. - The spm-E' l_)P:rts f..'n!
ecct>sf'.C'rie~ n~"rnttlly rl2'ceivf"d thr.cugh !·{r>.rin<" Crros clwnntols 1,rere;; !'Wt'.HF~b"le in K0bc, Ja")tLn, thrf'Uf;h the meC.iu=.: ,..f the first
1 thrf'lugh the fl"urth re-~urroly ehiu~onts. . Due tc- thf:' rP'OiC. t.JC'Ye:.1ent C'f the Divisir-n these i)f\!'~S did U(lt hft.ve tinE" tr r~ach rur ue"lsitinn,
e, i>iiscellan.;>cus C('r.r:.tr::nts,
( 1) En ui u::lf-n t,
·(a) Duri~ thE> sub..-zerc- ·~·rea.ther~.:·it:_wa.s ip<:)~-~_&ible··, tf' k.:tf'"O thii> l•:e,rino Crroto Clr !u;:;£i ,tY.'9f'l, watle.l::~·:., -~ia:tl~r. _fr_i"'~ .. :f.r~,e:~tite, <~
.eveon l-ri.th· thf" u~e rf the.~e-~t,e_r.,:;~ffi:t;lli>r.s~.~.n.,\•;;'1'1:1\f-.~r .. trA.~l~r-,.t~~~·- ,, ./~ · .,·7Hh' tlw ht-1\t?r-' b!U"~ing::.a t· f~ll·, c~·e."ci ty,,;,~~-~tcoJ:. fr'(\Zf!.·J.:e ;~.Q~;:~~:~·: .. . >··, "'~nd8, r-f the .-t~ailer, 1JT.~v.ent:l.~: .tb~·. :flt:':~~~~~PP!. "}m~g.t:ts, ,:, :.t~~~Q;1~<?,)r"l·~•r.(-·. -· ~-<~4 resul.t~d in eyc~seive .l~'s.s a~ ~~~~,.}.r~~.:~t~~~~~.·-R94!."'.tPP:!l*.~~~j:;~·:.::~ -~~ ·-,,~;1 .
. . tr. th~ er-nst~-~.::~;~,~~~-~:~.~ ~~~,d~~::,~?-r;~./~~~i)~~-··.:·;.:-:~ ·;_·.·. :.· .. · .. ·:-'t."(:~~-.?~.:·-~--\;~;v!·:::~·~·. '_ . .:-:~.;~· . ·.· . (b) ~hH11WMr··Xf!iJ!P,.';l!~i~~~l~!');\J>' .. l'"~•: '1".h~·'l'@';;i\''\:. , ·)·''
up U.'I"J.df'!r h<>t<.vy use in" ·"'Kc;t'!es .. ' • '1111:1 ·''!~~~as is in the trwing · · • ·· ring, tPngU? 1 Fl.nd Uf'.rticp.larly the. f'cr•··ard fraue ends, "•he:re tht! trngu.t> j.:-ins /he frP..::.1e a~ tho:. frrt-r,fl.fd, ~-dg,~ f! the tank.
J=ECOii.-~NDt4.T·!C.-•N: ,It. is. :t"li'Cc\-;W~_nde~.-:~h.a~-~~-· i.m?r-,cve~ ,:WB~~r.-.. t.rf\iJI)lr · . bo .ed<p ted. . Eyceut. fo~. ex~r~f"•.lr"c.('l,~:;l'l~.~~~·r, ,tr~:;,ii>;'"'J:''I\);"ll9.'1J.'.4 · 25('· el'\llC'n. $-rater. trFL.ile,l' a-p-pfa.r~~ t'"'.; b~ · !!aJ~~flipt_t",ry;··. _I,t:..::~.$~< '"'i'c/.::· · further recci:"l:.l<:mded that frr su'b-zerf' tf:';:rQerfLturee. · th~ kr~y · stronC..ru-d 7CC· gall('n truck, tP.nker, •·rater be tested fr-r suit-f1.bili ty, A tt-ct shruld b~ t:1£Jde using a set rf !".l-!:mifC'lr:s tC" utilizf' tr..t· i:'Yh<"ust frC'!..t th<' truck engine tr heat tht:' '~<later tr-ur~vent frrczilli;'.
(c) k.lbuln.ncEs - In sub-zerr 1"el'\tht:r the ll41bulance, l/4 trn, 4:-":4, bf:in{': ('Uen ('l' C!lnv~s Cl'"'ve.red, "9TI'"'V"-'C'- unst:,tief.F.Ictl"ry, The s trnd<'lrC' . .Ar:.1y 3/4 tl'"'n a.·1bult•nce rf bf th tyoes, llctflcker b~"'xll c-r 11C.~livery truck 11 styl~. t.rFJ.B sat1sff'.ctrry •·hen h<.>nters ···•ere instnlled., rs tl~I?Y orrvided the "'rundf!d "9ff'tt-ctir-n frc:-,1 the cold,
(d) G.ctsrline- t1;1.nkers - The present !--iP.rinr C,..rps tru.ck, 2 l/2 trn, 6x6, tPill:~r, 7r::,c gPllPn, g~.e. tr be flff~ctivf' in rvfTSf'J'S l'=lrer-.s, re~~uires ~ T.lUr.m~ cn-o~ble f'f brth sucti('n Rtl.C reciur"CA.l f1.C tirn, Pn0. A si;>grf'gAtrr, 'Ihe pUf:lp is re-ouire-c! tr eyoecUte r<"fuf'linf!", F~.nd the segreF;P-t<'r is ree1u:\red tn re:r.:r"ve thP •·•P..tE'r frr-:1 the dru;:;~·l"'d duel, This aegret;atrr is -pi:lrticularly necessary rn the tnnker used by the DUK"la, EI.B aDgi·nE~~.fN.lure "in-'. thf? surf ,..r· in the C'cenn is hfi.ZIU'dC'us Mel. tiue delP.ying, ·
PECC!w!M3ND.t':·If·N: It ia re-crr.U':len6.e~: tha.t. all future trucks, 750
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gP.llr>n, tnnker be eouiuued. t.•it~·P,I.l!!lY _ap~· ~'-~~gllt<'r, ~,;_:~~f·~,: .. ,,.:_.;,._., .• ··~.-.:u:
~ ~~e~· ~,~f -~e~~~ .... to~~~r B ~~ . r~.:.D.?.·?:~-.:;i~?ft~f;~~~t~i~?-:·:l~~~·.· ,:.-;·;';~::~;~~!}.~{t~~t~;;:~~~~~~ · _ .... _;, :,." .(_2) :.cr,::vrys.- The ·.w.(!!'l.s~:.,':"_~-~~~ . .I¢:-::,~~,.08J'}P.~f;z;'·'J~\L\!' ... t~~.i~d .. /~(q:{3~
the a .• iffi ~ui~... rf ""·r. toctt>Jg,;•!lJ'. ~t;r.;,.·~rili;o.i!).1;,'1>;e.n,e;'¥''•t;.r~~ tr\r-:~<1\. ·rl;'''~'"'; ~ Several.lifS1iif'llS 1•ren le:t;.rned~ fumv·the·'ambush.ea ·~and.'Tf"ll.d':blc.pk:a';l~~~-:"·~~·····~~~-' encrunterE!d by diV:isif'n unit~ ~.t.'MaJPr.t-p.i, ;Krto..:.ri and Yuda.m-n_1. nap.o>ly thr.t: ·. ,· '• ·
(a) It hAa been f('und thnt the b~st pC'licy in_c~se ('{ ambush cr attn.ck rn a :3Uonly trl""in is to Cl"nt;inu.~;~ tr. keen the Cl."t;vcy J.:f'vi::tg. Even if casua.ltiea tll't' heavy, bPth in p~rsf'nnel MC. eoui"?;;:;ent, crntinll~d r.IC'Vt,ment. And de"QArture frll:n _th.? area '"'ill
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Korean War Project USMC-00101200
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resLtlt in lesa lou th::m stc~nding still. A halted ·crriv<:'y suffers by enemy l.lrrter ccncentra.tir-ns,' autn1atic and ·smElll. ar~;l£; firt- , de:.1~:.ng: vahicles, ene.. gives the enemy r-t -ch.nncc- tr Clf's€ in and inflict de::~ag{" tf' bC'th·'!JfrGrnnel and eoui-ornen~.
' (b) It is aln~st ioprssible in rugged uountainrue t.;rrair.. t0 'nrC'tect a lv'llt~c>d vehicle train 'i"rf'rJ a detercined ene::.1y, Pr<':'tecti~n ·frr th~/uel'S('nnel must be l?rrvided by.~- strr-:ng 'P"int thnt ,Jill be thP ircal "';)C'int l:':f a dE>fenoe.
(c) Ct'DV~"Y. CC'mraEU"~ders, d:rivers, ' 11 shrtgun" riders' find t:~assengers c·n a C"r..v•'Y must_ ,All kn('l"' "'hat "'lan 'is tC" be frllr,.•ed in c11ne rf·flttt~.c.k tlnd what E-ach 18 tr de', Thfly oust ~s0-be trE>.ined -tcfl"'llr"' any_ t;iven -olan ~t n~ght~ withf'lut lights and_under "fire.
(d) SupTJly trains Elhrl~ld nrt bf'! ,t(l(t l(lng, '_a~ this a:ffrrds · _,th-=- enE"::~y a chMCE" tr- 's-olH thE'! cc-nvry up ·and eepBt:ate units i'rc-m their· G~">urce· r-_! sU:o~l~t A.nd ""9c'ssibly :frf'i.l' thE" in:f~try an signed es ""Orl'tectic-n fer the vt"hiclE>s. ·
\. (e) t~err en..,;.ly rN\.dblPcl;<.s ..rr, ambuahes ara· eptici-o8tt'!d,
tallks- ShoUld ·be 'S~r-ttPd Lhr("",IJ.gh , the· o<'nvb-y;' 'n(tt. ulMe·q. 1-Bt:·· the hell.d . -~r:_.tA.~l __ ~-*'- tli~, ..Ct?lU.::l~. · T~r:Its 'P;I"QY~de .;~e--~~c,l,e_~!J.,.f_c;r _~a -.d~fe_n~~ve '-obJi tic-n·. The ~_neoy encl"'uutere,d oe~~<'nl :char~j!:Cd _rr _ C'lverra.n taJiks.
,_·. ,1 ' ' • .. ·• . • • •• ·. ·. ··-... (t)_--Drivera-p£·_ a.ll_ Llotc:r.}.v_eh1plesl'inr1c('nvqy . .'~Ust·~-b.e: tra~'ned 'to k~~ >t;o rfght- o-r i-oad--an~:i25:·y~d,e; 1 ~Ait B;t/el.V.times: Thio'will enabl~ diBo?.bled Vt'htcl~s tl'''bl? bY'_P.ansed and "'ill'no~ per:n"i t_ C'ne disabled vehicle· to blC'ck an entire CC'I~umn.
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DECLASSIFIED
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