1st+lecture chem
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UNBTRANSCRIPT
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CHEM1982 (General Applied Chemistry)
Part II Acid-Base equilibria, Solubility equilibria, and
Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics and
Electrochemistry
Professor: Gilles Villemure
Office: Rm 20 Toole Hall
1st Lecture February 16, 2015
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Acids
and
Bases
General Outline
Acid-Base Equilibria (chapter 16)
Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria (chapter 17)
Chemical Thermodynamics (chapter 19)
Electrochemistry (chapter 20)
Solids and Modern Materials (chapter 12, time permitting)
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Acids
and
Bases
1) Precipitation Reactions
2 KI + Pb(NO3)2 PbI2 + 2 KNO3
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Acids
and
Bases
2) Acid-Base Reactions
NaHCO3 + HCl CO2 + H2O + NaCl
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Acids
and
Bases
3) Redox Reactions
Zn + 2 HCl ZnCl2 + H2
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Acids
and
Bases
Chapter 16
AcidBase Equilibria
Lecture Presentation
James F. Kirby
Quinnipiac University
Hamden, CT 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Acids
and
Bases
An acid-base reaction (Brnsted-Lowry) is
the transfer of a proton (H+) from one species
(the acid) to another (the base).
Some Definitions
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Acids
and
Bases
Some Definitions
BrnstedLowry
An acid is a proton donor.
A base is a proton acceptor.
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Acids
and
Bases
A BrnstedLowry acid
must have a removable (acidic) proton.
A BrnstedLowry base
must have a pair of nonbonding electrons.
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Acids
and
Bases
If it can be either
it is amphiprotic.
HCO3
HSO4
H2O
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Acids
and
Bases
2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
What happens when an acid dissolves in water?
Water acts as a BrnstedLowry base and abstracts a proton (H+) from the acid.
As a result, the conjugate base of the acid and a hydronium ion are formed.
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Acids
and
Bases
2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The term conjugate means joined together as a pair.
Reactions between acids and bases always yield their conjugate bases and acids.
Conjugate Acids and Bases
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Acids
and
Bases
Acid and Base Strength