1USPS® Seamanship

SeamanshipSeamanship

Chapter 7Chapter 7

Emergencies on the Emergencies on the WaterWater

2USPS® Seamanship

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

acquaint you with hazards:acquaint you with hazards: carbon monoxidecarbon monoxide physical, heat, and cold injuriesphysical, heat, and cold injuries emergency conditions and potential emergency conditions and potential

responses to these conditions and injuriesresponses to these conditions and injuries learn about responses to:learn about responses to:

groundings, collisions, taking on water, groundings, collisions, taking on water, and systems failuresand systems failures

learn how to request emergency learn how to request emergency assistanceassistance

3USPS® Seamanship

Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide

Odorless, colorless Odorless, colorless deadly gasdeadly gas

Present around Present around engines, exhaustengines, exhaust

Also galley stoves, Also galley stoves, internal heaters, internal heaters, generatorsgenerators

4USPS® Seamanship

Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide

Colorless, odorless poisonous gasColorless, odorless poisonous gas Cumulative effect – time of exposureCumulative effect – time of exposure Dependent upon concentration of CODependent upon concentration of CO

ImpactImpact Minimum: headache, nauseaMinimum: headache, nausea Maximum: death, possibly in minutesMaximum: death, possibly in minutes

5USPS® Seamanship

Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide

Where?Where? Anywhere on boatAnywhere on boat

Especially near transomEspecially near transom Enclosed cockpit or cabinEnclosed cockpit or cabin Beware of “Station Wagon” effect underwayBeware of “Station Wagon” effect underway

PreventionPrevention Assure good flow-through ventilationAssure good flow-through ventilation Check exhaust systems – engines, stoves, Check exhaust systems – engines, stoves,

generatorsgenerators Do NOT run engines when not moving and no Do NOT run engines when not moving and no

windwind Install CO detectorsInstall CO detectors

6USPS® Seamanship

Hazardous LocationsHazardous Locations

Anywhere near exhaustAnywhere near exhaust Swim platformSwim platform Rear deckRear deck Enclosed cabinEnclosed cabin

7USPS® Seamanship

CO ExposureCO Exposure

From own Generator or Enginewhile docked

From adjacent

Boat

8USPS® Seamanship

Cold Water ImmersionCold Water Immersion Sudden Shock – immediateSudden Shock – immediate

Gasp ReflexGasp Reflex Head under water – ingest water – drownHead under water – ingest water – drown

Cardiac ArrestCardiac Arrest Instant increase in blood pressure and Instant increase in blood pressure and

pulsepulse

Longer-termLonger-term HypothermiaHypothermia

Lowering body tempLowering body temp Difficulty controlling limbsDifficulty controlling limbs

9USPS® Seamanship

Cold Water ImmersionCold Water Immersion

Occurs: water under 68° Occurs: water under 68° FF

Prevention:Prevention: Wear a PFD – keeps head Wear a PFD – keeps head

out of waterout of water Suitable clothing – survival Suitable clothing – survival

geargear Awareness – prepare for Awareness – prepare for

gaspgasp

10USPS® Seamanship

Delaying HypothermiaDelaying Hypothermia

11USPS® Seamanship

RecoveryRecovery

Slowly warm Slowly warm bodybody

12USPS® Seamanship

Adverse Effects of SunAdverse Effects of Sun

SunburnSunburn 11st,st, 2 2ndnd, and even 3, and even 3rdrd

degree burns degree burns

Premature agingPremature aging

Skin cancerSkin cancer

13USPS® Seamanship

PreventionPrevention

UV ProtectionUV Protection Sun block – UVA & UVBSun block – UVA & UVB Protective clothingProtective clothing Avoid midday sunAvoid midday sun Avoid moisturizing creamsAvoid moisturizing creams

14USPS® Seamanship

Health issues heightenedHealth issues heightened Help may be delayedHelp may be delayed

Being on the water may cause Being on the water may cause medical issuesmedical issues FatigueFatigue SeasicknessSeasickness ExposureExposure

Medical ProblemsMedical Problems

15USPS® Seamanship

Assessment

Determine seriousness of conditionDetermine seriousness of condition Outside help required?Outside help required?

Contact Coast GuardContact Coast Guard

Can you handle situation?Can you handle situation? First Aid kitFirst Aid kit MedicationsMedications

16USPS® Seamanship

Medical Emergencies

First Aid, CPR and First Aid, CPR and medical instructionmedical instruction

First Aid KitFirst Aid Kit Know how to use itKnow how to use it

17USPS® Seamanship

Care for Sudden Illness

Care for life-threatening conditions first. Then:

Help the victim rest comfortably

Keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated

Reassure the victim

Watch for changes in consciousness and breathing

Do not give anything to eat or drink unless the victim is fully conscious.

Courtesy of American Red Cross

18USPS® Seamanship

Boating activities Boating activities may lead to:may lead to: LacerationsLacerations BruisingBruising SprainsSprains FracturesFractures

Traumatic InjuriesTraumatic Injuries

First aid treatmentFirst aid treatment

Stop bleedingStop bleeding CleanClean Sterile dressingSterile dressing StabilizeStabilize Seek medical Seek medical treatmenttreatment

19USPS® Seamanship

Hazardous Marine LifeHazardous Marine Life

20USPS® Seamanship

Propeller InjuriesPropeller Injuries

21USPS® Seamanship

Prop Accident DefenseProp Accident Defense

22USPS® Seamanship

MOB ProceduresMOB Procedures

23USPS® Seamanship

Man Overboard Recovery

24USPS® Seamanship

Individual Survival Kit

25USPS® Seamanship

Swamping/SinkingSwamping/Sinking

How?How? Rogue wavesRogue waves Wind shifts, squalls, Wind shifts, squalls,

microburstsmicrobursts Overloaded boatOverloaded boat

ResponseResponse Be prepared with VHFBe prepared with VHF Lifejackets for all – wear Lifejackets for all – wear

themthem Stay with boat – visible, Stay with boat – visible,

floatationfloatation

26USPS® Seamanship

Stopping Water

27USPS® Seamanship

Capsized Boat

28USPS® Seamanship

Stay With the Capsized Boat

Stay with the boat Roll the boat over

Reboard Bail

29USPS® Seamanship

Fire

30USPS® Seamanship

Vessel Fires

10 minutes start to finish

31USPS® Seamanship

Lightning

32USPS® Seamanship

Chart, Depth and Danger

33USPS® Seamanship

Grounded Boat

34USPS® Seamanship

Grounding Recovery, Kedging

35USPS® Seamanship

Salvage Operation

SalvageSalvage Unknown cost prior Unknown cost prior

to salvageto salvage Claim made Claim made

afterwardafterward NegotiatedNegotiated

TowingTowing Costs can be Costs can be

estimatedestimated Reach agreement up Reach agreement up

frontfront

SalvageSalvage Unknown cost prior Unknown cost prior

to salvageto salvage Claim made Claim made

afterwardafterward NegotiatedNegotiated

TowingTowing Costs can be Costs can be

estimatedestimated Reach agreement up Reach agreement up

frontfront

36USPS® Seamanship

Debris in Water

37USPS® Seamanship

Collision

Night Navigation Problem

38USPS® Seamanship

Backup Electronics

39USPS® Seamanship

Sea Anchor

40USPS® Seamanship

Vessel Assistance

41USPS® Seamanship

USCG Rescue

42USPS® Seamanship

SeamanshipSeamanship