• 1. Which of the following is NOT a goal of science?

• a. to investigate and understand the natural world

• b. to explain events in the natural world

• c. to use data to support a particular point of view

• d. to use derived explanations to make useful predictions

• c. to use data to support a particular point of view

• 2. Information gathered from observing a plant that grows 3 cm over a two-week period results in

• a. inferences.

• b. variables.• c. hypotheses• d. data.

• d. data.

• 3. Which of the following is NOT a way that scientists generate hypotheses?

• a. using informed, creative imagination

• b. using logical inference

• c. using prior knowledge

• d. using a feeling about what should occur

• d. using a feeling about what should occur

• 4. Scientific hypotheses must be proposed in a way that

• a. ensures that an experiment will be valid.

• b. enables them to be proved valid.

• c. enables them to be tested.

• d. doesn’t contradict previous hypotheses.

• c. enables them to be tested.

• 5. A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test

• a. a conclusion. • b. a mass of

information• c. several variables.• d. a single variable.

• d. a single variable.

• 6. The ability to reproduce results is an important part of any

• a. hypothesis.• c. law.• b. theory.• d. experiment.

• d. experiment

• 7. A theory• a. is always true.• b. is the opening

statement of an experiment.

• c. may be revised or replaced.

• d. is a problem to be solved.

• c. may be revised or replaced.

• 9. The amount of light and temperature are examples of

• a. factors necessary for life.

• b. methods of energy production.

• c. factors to which living things respond.

• d. factors that affect reproduction.

• c. factors to which living things respond.

10.The basic unit of mass in the International System of Units, or SI, is the

• a.meter. c.liter.• b.ounce. d.gram

• d.gram

• 11. The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains

• a.protons. c.neutrons.• b.electrons. d.ions.

• b.electrons.

• What type of electron is available to form bonds?

• a.valence c.ionic• b.nucleus d.covalent

• a.valence

• 13. What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?

• a.neutral c.negative b.positive d.possibly positive or negative

• b.positive

• 14. The most abundant compound in most living things is

• a.carbon dioxide. • c.sodium chloride.• b.water. • d.sugar.

• b.water.

• 15. A monosaccharide is a

• a.carbohydrate.• c.nucleic acid.• b.lipid• d.protein.

• a.carbohydrate.

• 16. Which statement is true?

• a.Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides

• b.Glycerol is made of fatty acids.

• c.RNA molecules are made of nucleotides.

• d.Amino acids are made of proteins.

• c.RNA molecules are made of nucleotides.

• 17. When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water would be

• a.a product.• c.both a product and a

reactant.• b.a reactant.• d.neither a product nor a

reactant.

• a.a product.

• 18. If a reaction in one direction releases energy, the reaction in the opposite direction

• a.also releases energy• .c.destroys energy.• b.absorbs energy.• d.cannot occur.

• b.absorbs energy.

• 19. Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the

• a. products of the reaction.

• b. speed of the reaction • c. temperature of the

reaction.• d. pH of the reaction.

• b. speed of the reaction.

• The work of scientists begins with

• a. testing a hypothesis.

• c. creating experiments.

• b. careful observations.

• d. drawing conclusions.

• b. careful observations.

• 21. Hypotheses may arise from

• A. prior knowledge. B. logical inferences.

• C. imaginative guesses.

• D. all of the above

j. Your mom

• D. all of the above

• 22. A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test

• a. a conclusion. • b. a mass of

information.• c. several variables.

d. a single variable.

• d. a single variable.

• 23. Scientists publish the details of important experiments so that

• a. their work can be repeated.

• b. their experimental procedures can be reviewed.

• c. others can try to reproduce the results.

• d. all of the above

• d. all of the above

• 24. A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations is a (an)

• a. hypothesis. • b. theory.• c. inference.• d. controlled

experiment.

• b. theory.

• 25. All of the following are characteristics of all living things EXCEPT

• a. growth.• b. reproduction.• c. movement.• d. use of energy.

• c. movement.

• 26. The process by which organisms keep their internal conditions fairly constant is called

• a. homeostasis.• b. evolution.• c. metabolism.• d. photosynthesis.

• a. homeostasis.

• 27. Which is NOT a unit of measurement in the International System of Units, or SI?

• a. meter • b. ounce • c. liter• d. gram

• b. ounce

• 28. The three particles that make up an atom are

• a. protons, neutrons, and isotopes.

• b. neutrons, isotopes, and electrons.

• c. positives, negatives, and electrons.

• d. protons, neutrons, and electrons.

• d. protons, neutrons, and electrons.

• 29. The nucleus is made of

• a. protons and electrons.

• b. electrons and neutrons.

• c. protons and neutrons.

• d. protons, neutrons, and electrons.

• c. protons and neutrons.

• 30. Which of the following terms describes a substance formed by the combination of two or more elements in definite proportions?

• a. compound • b. isotope• c. nucleus• d. enzyme

• a. compound

• 31. A covalent bond is formed as the result of

• a. transferring electrons.

• b. sharing electrons.• c. transferring

protons.• d. sharing protons.

• b. sharing electrons.

• 32. Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?

• a. carbohydrates• c. nucleic acids• b. lipids• d. proteins

• a. carbohydrates

• 33. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

• a. store and transmit heredity

• b. help to fight disease• c. control the rate of

reactions and regulate cell processes

• d. used to form bones and muscles

• a. store and transmit heredity

• 34. What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals?

• a. cohesion • b. adhesion• c. chemical reaction• d. dissolving

• c. chemical reaction

• 35. What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started?

• a. adhesion energy • b. activation energy• c. cohesion energy• d. chemical energy

• b. activation energy

• 36. Chemical reactions that release energy

• a. will not occur.• b. will never explode.• c. will always explode.• d. often occur

spontaneously.

• d. often occur spontaneously.

• 37. A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction is called a (an)

• a. catalyst. • b. lipid.• c. molecule.• d. element.

• a. catalyst.

• 38. The information you gather during an experiment is called your _______________.

• 38. Data.

• 39. Based on his ________________, Redi made a prediction that keeping flies away from meat would prevent maggots appearing on the meat.

• 39. Hypothesis • Reference: p. 9

• 40. A variable that is deliberately changed in an experiment is the ______________ variable.

• 40. Manipulated or independent

• 41. The information gathered from observation is called ______________.

• 41. Data.

• 42. The smallest units that are considered to be alive are called _______________.

• 42. Cells.