2-basic shooting.pdf

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Gun

safety

educationHERNANDO A STA. ANA JR., RCrim., CSMS, CSP, CST, CCSM, CSPA



PHILIPINE GUN LAWS- Presidential Decree 1866 (June 29, 1983)

- Republic Act 8294 (July 06, 1997 )

- Republic Act No 10591 (May 29, 2013)



CARRYING AND TRANSPORT OF FIREARMS

TRANSPORT PERMITS- a one-time pass issued toindividuals for the purpose of transporting UNLOADEDfirearms and ammunition from one location to another

and back if necessary.

PERMITS TO TRANSPORT FIREARMS FOR GUNCLUB MEMBERS (PTTs) - a written authority issuedto PNP-FED accredited gun club members for thepurpose of transporting UNLOADED firearms andammunition from residence to accredited firing ranges

and back.




HUNTING PERMITS- a written authority issued toindividuals for purposes of transporting UNLOADEDfirearms and ammunition to hunt in legal hunting

grounds.PERMITS TO CARRY FIREARMS OUTSIDE OFRESIDENCES (PTCs/PTCFORs)- a written authority

issued to individuals who are under actual threat orwhose lives are in imminent danger due to the nature oftheir position, occupation or calling to carry LOADEDfirearms and ammunition outside of residences.




DUTY DETAIL ORDER- a written order issued by asuperior officer to his subordinates, assigning them the

performance of a specific task within or outside his officialstation that is part of their regular duties.

MISSION ORDER- a written directive issued by a

competent authority to individuals who are under hissupervision and control for a definite purpose or objectiveduring a specified period, and to such place or placestherein mentioned.



CARRYING AND TRANSPORT OF FIREARMSNo Mission Order shall be issued to any civilian agentauthorizing the carry firearms outside of residence by thesame unless the individual is:

a. Included in the regular plantilla of the governmentagency involved in law enforcement;

b. Receiving regular compensation for the services he

is rendering in the agency; andc. Involved in a special law enforcement, police or

intelligence project which specifically requires the use of

firearms to ensure its accomplishment.



MANNER OF CARRYING FIREARMS1. The sidearm carried by a person in uniform shall be placed

in a holster securely attached to the belt.

2. Persons in uniform but without holsters and those in civilianclothes who are authorized to carry their firearms outsideresidences shall ensure that their firearms are concealedunless in actual use for legitimate purpose.

3. The practice of flagrantly displaying a firearm or tucking it athe waist while in uniform or civilian clothes is prohibited.

4. Only firearms specifically described in the permit shall be

carried.



LIMITATIONS AND RESTRICTIONSTO CARRY OF FIREARMS

1. Those authorized to carry firearms shall not bring saidfirearms inside public drinking places, cabarets, public

dance halls and public amusement places; or whileattending civic, political or religious rallies and meetings.

2. Carrying of long firearms is prohibited in Metro Manila

chartered cities, provincial capitals and other thicklypopulated areas; or fiestas; or other large gatheringsexcept when called for in the performance of duty oraccomplishment of mission.



VALID USE OF FIREARMS IN SELF-DEFENSE

Article 11 of the Revised Penal Code states that any personacting in defense of his person or rights do not incur any

criminal liability under the following justifying circumstances

1. Unlawful aggression;

2. Reasonable necessity of the means employed toprevent or repel the unlawful aggression; and

3. Lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the persondefending himself.

ALL THREE CIRCUMSTANCES MUST EXIST!!!



BASIC

SHOOTING



Whenever the shooter engage in more than one

target from a shooting position, it is important to be

able to pivot to shoot while maintaining balance and

good control.3 Elements To Consider

1. Stance / Position

2. Posture

3. Holding the Gun



Weaver Stance Chapman/ModifiedWeaver Stance

Bull’s -Eye Stance

Isosceles Modern/Modified Isosceles



WEAVER STANCEThis popular shooting stance was

developed by Deputy Sheriff Jack Weaverin the late 1950s. Both elbows are belt withthe dominant arm bent less than thesupport arm. Thedominant hand (the oneholding the pistol) pushes forward while thesupport hand (wrapped around the pistol)pulls back.

The goal of this push/pull technique is tocreate isometric tension that will control the

recoil of the pistol and provide accuracyand control for quick follow up shots. Theshooter aligns his/her body at a 45-degreeangle to the target and places the dominanthand and foot back.



Most new shooters will take this

stance almost instinctively. The shooterfully extends both arms towards thetarget. The shoulders are keptperpendicular to the target and bothelbows are locked.

The name of the stance comes fromhow the shooter’s arms and shouldersform an isosceles triangle. Theadvantage to the stance is its simplicity

and the fact that eye dominance is notan issue when using the IsoscelesStance. In addition, the shooter centershis/her weight neutrally or might evenlean back slightly.

ISOSCELES



In this modification of the Isosceles Stance, the

shooter shifts his/her weight forward and stands moreon the balls of their feet. The upper body curls forward,and the shooters’ arms are in line with the his/hershoulders. This creates a strong grip that helps controlmuzzle flip. When done correctly the arms move in and

out with the recoil instead of up and down.The shooter needs to relax their shoulders to help in

recoil absorption. In addition, theshooter’s head ismore forward than in the traditional Isosceles Stance.With the head forward, theshooter’s balance is furthershifted forward and giving a clearer view of the pistolsites in relationship to the target.The advantage to this modification is that it solves theproblem of muzzle flip associated with the Isosceles

Stance.

MODERN / MODIFIEDISOSCELES



MODERN/MODIFIED ISOSCELES



The feet are shoulder length apart, you hold

the pistol in one hand with the arm

outstretched, and place the hand not in use on

your chest, hip, or even in a pocket. It is a

single handed shooting style popularized by

duelists. The advantage of the stance was that

it allows the shooter to make himself a smaller

target by turning his body to the side therebypresenting the minimum target possible. This is

not a popular stance or not so many had use

this stance today.

BULL’S -EYE STANCE



BENCH REST POSITION allows the shooter to test the accuracy of the gun

without the additional variables that arise from using an unsupported standingposition.

With a bench rest position, you may varyyour grip somewhat from what you use forother, unsupported positions. You will needto place your weak hand farther below thegrip. The gun should not touch the bench.Make sure the bag will not impede anymoving parts of the firearm or be scorched

by the muzzle flash.When seated at the bench rest position, liftyour shoulders, lock your head in place, getyour sight alignment down. Lock on to yourtarget and make sure you're comfortable. BENCH REST POSITION



SOME EXAMPLES OF BAD STANCE



Four Basic Motions In Drawing A Handgun

The GRIP

Move your firing hand over the grip of your

firearm. Release any retention system

your holster may have. Grip the handgun

firmly with the supporting fingers while

keeping the trigger finger straight along

the slide, outside of the holster. Your non-

dominant hand should be at the side or

placed on your stomach.



The PULL

Pull the firearm up and completely

out of the holster keeping thetrigger finger straight along the

slide. Raise the firearm straight up

a couple of inches above the top ofthe holster.



The ROCK

Rotate your wrist and lower your

elbow of your firing arm. This gets

the pistol pointed down range at

your target. Once the pistol is

pointed in at your target, disengageany safety you may have.



The EXTEND

When the firearm passes your stomach,move your support hand toward the

firearm and get a good firing grip on it.

Extend your firing arm to a good firing

position. Keep your support elbow low

pointing down. Just before the firearm is

to its final position you should quickly

focus directly, and only, on your front

sight. Sight alignment is next.



Learning how to aim a handgun is one of the

most basic skills you will learn when you firstacquire your firearm. Properly aiming thehandgun is not only a basic part of its normaluse, but it is also a vital part of basic firearmsafety.

If you find yourself defending your life with afirearm, aiming should be a higher prioritythan shooting . Whether you are using a

revolver or a semi-automatic, learning how toaim a handgun is a critical skill and part of notonly effective personal self defense, but part ofthe enjoyment of shooting. Hitting the target isthe target, it is the reason of a having firearm.

FIREARM SIGHT



The sights are located on the top of the firearm barrel. The front

sight should be centered in the notch of the rear sight and the top ofthe front sight should be level with the top of the rear sight.

There are many varieties of sights, but they all serve the samepurpose of assisting you in the alignment of the barrel of your firearm

with the exact spot you wish to hit.The front sight may be a blade or a dot located at the end of the

muzzle and the rear sight may be aU Shape, a V Shape, Two Dots,a Straight Line, or a Simple Notch in the back edge just above the

hammer on a revolver or at the back edge of the slide on a semi-automatic pistol.

The type of your sights is less important than your ability toeffectively line them up properly tohit your target .



No matter which variety yourfirearm has, thekey skill is to keepyour eyes focused on the frontsight as it is set within or inalignment with the rear sight .

This means the target itself isslightly blurred and you willinstinctively want the target in clear

focus. This takes a bit of practice totrain your eyes to focus on the frontsight. You will shoot moreaccurately using this method.

Front Sight

Rear Sight



IN-LINE GRIPWhen proper fingerplacement on the trigger results in the

gun barrel, slide and sightslining upevenly with the bones of the forearm.

OFFSET GRIPWhen proper fingerplacement of the trigger results inthe gun not lining up with the bonesof the forearm.

GETTING A GRIP



THUMBS FORWARD GRIP: A method of gripping the gun

which requires the shooter to cock his weak wrist forwardtoward the target and then wrap his fingers around hisstrong hand, while digging the weak hand pad of thethumb into the grip of the handgun for recoil control andstability of the handgun. Additionally, the thumbs poin

forward (toward the target), with no overlap.

THUMBS LOCKED DOWN GRIP: A method of grippingthe handgun which allows the shooter to take a naturalhold around the gun with the shooting hand (as if makinga fist), along with the weak hand reinforcing the stronghand grip by allowing the weak hand thumb to lock downover the strong hand thumb, and fingers of the weak handwrapping around into the grooves between the fingers of

the strong hand.



1. Make sure that the muzzle of the firearm is alwayspointed in a safe direction;

2. Keep your finger off the trigger and outside thetrigger guard, and engage any external safety;

3. Remove the magazine from the firearm and placein a safe location (inside your pocket or range bagor on top of your work table);

FIREARM SAFETY CHECK



4. Pull back the pistol slide and hold open, while visuallyinspecting the chamber through the ejection port toensure that there is no bullet in the chamber;

5. Release the slide and rack it back and forth twice toensure that the firearm is unloaded;

6. Pull back the pistol slide completely and engage theslide stop; or point the firearm in a safe direction andpull the trigger.



ELEMENTS OFHANDGUNMARKSMANSHIP

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The skillful art of shooting and hitting atarget at a given range or known

distance.

1. Master Eye

2. Two-Handed Grip

3. Shooting Stance

4. Sight Picture and Alignment

5. Breath Control

6. Trigger Control

7. Follow Through

MARKSMANSHIP




Identify the master or dominant

eye which shall be used for

purposes of aiming or acquiring

the sight picture and sight

alignment.

MASTER EYE




The handgun must be held by thestrong hand against the base of thepalm by middle, ring and smallfingers in a manner that will placethe web of the hand in the highestpossible position.

The thumb should lock down and

press against the opposite side ofthe pistol grip, with the trigger fingerrelaxed outside the trigger guard.

TWO-HANDED GRIP




The base of the weak handpalm should achieve contact withthe uncovered area of the pistol

grip, with the fingertips of theweak hand wrapping around thepistol grip and touching theknuckles of the strong hand.

The weak hand thumb shouldbe tucked in with the strong handthumb.

TWO-HANDED GRIP




SHOOTING STANCE

1. Feet should be held paralleland slightly apart

2. Knees should be flexed or

slightly bent.3. Head should be held steady

with eyes fixed on the target.

4. Shoulders should be heldsquare to the body andparallel to the feet.




SHOOTING STANCE

5.Handgun should be held outat eye level in a two-handedgrip, with elbows slightly

bent.6.Upper body should lean

slightly forward.

7.Hips should be held looseand comfortable.




Make sure that the post of the

front sight is at the same height as

that of the rear sight, and thatthere is an equal amount of space

in between either side of the front

sight and the insides of the rear

sight

SIGHT PICTURE




With the master eye fixed

on the target, raise the

handgun and align the sight

picture in the line of sight

established between themaster eye and the target.

SIGHT ALIGNMENT




Rest the pad of your trigger

finger lightly on the trigger.

Gently squeeze the trigger

directly backwards until a clean,

surprise break is achieved.

TRIGGER CONTROL




Errors in Trigger Control:

Flinching – muscular tension or

reaction in anticipation of therecoil.

Jerking – an attempt to fire the

pistol at a certain instant rapidlyapply pressure on the trigger.

TRIGGER CONTROL




Do not lower your guard after

firing your shot.

Continue aiming at the target

while maintaining your sight picture

and sight alignment (until

commanded otherwise by the

Range Safety Officer, when in the

firing range.)

FOLLOW THROUGH




FOUR RULES OF GUN SAFETY

RULE NO.1

ALWAYS TREAT THE GUN

AS A LOADED GUN

The only exception to this occurs when youhave a firearm in your hands and you havepersonally unloaded it for checking. As soon asyou put it down, Rule 1 applies again.



RULE NO.2

NEVER LET THE MUZZLE POINT

TO ANYTHING YOU ARE NOT

READY TO SHOOT

You may not wish to destroy it, but you must be

clear in your mind that you are quite ready to, if youlet that muzzle cover the target. To allow a firearm topoint at another human being is a deadly threat, andshould always be treated as such.



RULE NO. 3

KEEP YOUR FINGER OFF THE

TRIGGER UNTIL YOUR AREREADY TO FIRE

This is the Golden Rule because it isresponsible for about 80 percent of the firearmaccidents.



1. Safe Manipulation of Firearm2. Reload Quickly And Safely3. Shoot Accurately

4. Shoot Quickly5. Draw From A Holster6. One-Hand Shooting7. Moving While Shooting8. Handgun Takeaways9. *Multiple Targets10.*Moving Targets

* - tentative

Some Skills To Develop

Through DEFTAC4:



LET’S HAVE A DRILL!

NO GEAR,

NO DRILL!

(Borrowing of Gear isSTRICTLY NOT ALLOWED)

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