2 intro to robotics

7/31/2019 2 Intro to Robotics

1/14

Introduction toRobotics


2/14

What is Robot?

An electromechanical device which is capable ofreacting in some way to its environment, andtake autonomous decisions or actions in order toachieve a specific task.

A toaster, a lamp, or a car would not beconsidered as robots since they have no way ofperceiving their environment.

A vacuum cleaner that can navigate around aroom, or a solar panel that seeks the sun, canbe considered as a robotic system.

Any solely remote controlled device would notfall under this definition and would be closer to amore complex remote controlled car.


3/14

Robotic Benefits

Robotics incorporates aspects of many disciplinesincluding engineering (mechanical, electrical,

computer), sciences (mathematics and physics)

and arts (aesthetics) and users are free to usetheir imagination.


4/14

Purpose of Robot Building

Knowledge : learn how to use individualcomponents with the objective of buildingyour own knowledge library to use to

undertake a larger, more complex design

in the future Amusement: Amusing others with your

creations (especially if they are user-friendly and interactive) helps others tobecome interested in the field.

Competitions: Competitions give theproject design guidelines and a due date.They also put your robot against othersin the same class and test your designand construction skills.


5/14

Purpose of Robot Building(Cont)

Autonomous Life Form : Humans arenatural creators and innovators. The nextgreat innovation will be to develop a fullyautonomous life form that rivals or

surpasses ourselves in ability andperhaps creativity.

Domestic/Professional Tasks: helpliberate people from unpleasant ordangerous tasks and give them more

liberty and security. Security/Surveillance: Venture into areas

where humans either should not orcannot go (semi-autonomous or fullyautonomous).


6/14

Our Workshop Robot

Focus is on knowledge and amusement of overallinnovation and creativity.

Utilizes participant knowledge in order to get an

understanding of motors, sensors, microcontrollers andprogramming.

Weve kept the overall cost of the robot project at a

minimal as to encourage everybody to built their ownrobot/s after the workshop has concluded.


7/14

Robotic Platform

Types: Land wheeled, tracked, and legged robots

Aerial planes, helicopters, and blimp

Aquatic boats, submarines, and swimming robots

Misc. and mixed robots Stationary robot arms, and manipulators


8/14

2WD Robotic Platform

The workshop utilizes a twowheel drive robotic platform

Can accommodate a variety of

sensors and actuator Well suited with Arduino Romeo

or Uno with motor drive shield

Smaller size for better testingopportunities (tabletop)

Allows improvements, additionsand rework


9/14

Motors (Actuators)

Actuators: Converts energy tophysical motion.

Types of actuators:

AC Motor

DC Motor (speed) Geared DC Motor (torque)

R/C and Industrial Servo Motors

Stepper Motor

DC Linear Actuator

Solenoids

Pneumatic & Hydraulic


10/14

Actuator Selection

Is the actuator used to move awheeled robot

Lifting or turn a heavy weight

(speed vs torque) Limited range of motion

(degrees)

Precise angle of movement

Straight line motion (linear)


11/14

DC Motor - Micro MetalGearmotor (50:1)

The workshop providesthe following motor:

13000 rpm @ No load

50:1 Gear ratio 260 rpm @ 6V

40mA @ 6V

360mA stall current @

6V 10 oz inches torque @

6V


12/14

RC Servo Motor

Servos allow a movementrange of 0 to 180degrees.

Operating voltage is 6Vdcmax.

Speed 0 deg to 180 degin 1.5 seconds onaverage.


13/14

Assembling 2WD Robot


14/14

2 intro to robotics

Documents