2004 AP Psych Test

Don’t go to the next slide until students have answered the

question.

• 1. the answer is B. Sensory adaptation explains why we can’t feel our underwear most of the time.

• 2. A. experimental – in a lab• B. cognitive – how we think• C. developmental – how we develop• D. social – how we interact with other people• E. clinical – in a clinic or hospital

• 3. The answer is A. It helps people diagnose and classify disorders.

• 4. The answer is E. Post = after traumatic = traumatic. PTSD is common with war veterans but it also happens with other horrific events.

• 5. The answer is D. Humanists emphasize free will, self actualization, finding yourself, choosing your own path. Humanists – hippies.

• 6. Remember the moon walking bear???• The answer is A. selective attention (similar to

the cocktail party effect).

• 7. A. stimulus discrimination is when you know the difference.

• B. second order conditioning is when you train a dog to drool to a bell, then the dog associates light with the bell then drools to

• C. Just like Little Albert, you generalize your association to similar things.

• 8. A. Longitudinal studies take a long long long time (like decades). They measure how things change over time.

• B. ????• C. cross sectional studies study different

sections of the population (different ages, class levels, race).

• D. Case studies study something in depth• E. Observational – observe and take notes

• 9. The answer is C. People who do things for the love of it are intrinsically motivated.

• Intrinsic – inside (the heart)

• 10. The answer is D. (seeing a camouflaged bug)

• 11. E. A dog drooling to a bell but not a gong.

• 12. C (racial)

• 13. D When deciding if a behavior is abnormal, gender is not a consideration.

• 14. Read this one a couple of times. If twins are reared apart then their environment is different. Since IQ scores have a lower correlation when reared apart, then environment is important. The answer is B.

• 15. A. standardization means it was given the same way to different people and the answers form a bell curve.

• B. ??• C. ??• D. validity means tests what it is supposed to.• E. reliability means the results are the same

again and again.

• 16. The answer is A. Electricity will travel to both sides of the brain but always originate on one side. So they cut it.

• 17. The answer is C. maturation. Biologically, she is growing up.

• 18. A. Cognitive = thinking. The psychologist is trying to change Wade’s behavior, not his thinking.

• B. Biological – give Wade medicine or surgery• C. Psychodynamic – probe Wade’s unconscious

mind through dream analysis or transference• D. Humanistic – help Wade remove barriers to

self actualization or find himself• E. Behavioral therapy involves reinforcements

and punishments to change a behavior.

• 19. a. RET therapy is a technique that challenges a person’s irrational thoughts, so it’s very confrontational!

• C. aversive conditioning- might involve shocking someone every time something is done or thought (classical cond.)

• D. person-centered usually means the client does most of the talking.

• E. systematic desensitation involves gradually exposing someone to their source of fear or anxiety.

• 20. Think optical – occipital• So rule out C, D, and E since they don’t have it.• Hearing goes to the temporal lobe (think ears

are near the temple)• The answer is B.

• 21. The answer is c.

• 22. Pick the answer that is closest to 24 hours.• Circa means about dian means day• Circadian rhythms are your day/night cycles.• The answer is A.

• 23. The answer is B. 10

• 24. a. behavior – behavioral therapy• B. reach full potential – self actualization –

humanistic therapy• C. alter thought processes – cognitive therapy• D. the answer• E. get rid of irrational thoughts – cognitive

(RET)

• 25. The answer is D. If the mean is 70, and the standard deviation is 10, How many test takers scored above 60? 60 is 1 standard deviation below the mean.

• If you are going to guess, will your answer be more or less than 50?

• 26. Salt and bananas!• The answer is B.

• 27. What is another word for “relationship”?• A. correlation

• 28. Hippocampus – hippos attend college campus to remember. The answer is B.

• 29. B semicircular canals

• 30. A. cocaine is a stimulant• B. marijuana is a hallucinogen• C. dopamine is a neurotransmitter• D. alcohol is the answer• E. nicotine is not a depressant

• 31. E. Only an experiment can establish cause and effect.

• 32. C

• 33. A. a “reflex to the bell” what does that mean?

• B. huh??• C. C is the best answer

• 34.The Stanford-Binet test is the actual name for what we call the IQ test.

• The answer is A.

• 35. A. and E. Rewards are better for extrinsically motivated musicians

• B. If the musician is achievement motivated, then the piece can’t be too hard. After all, they still want to achieve.

• C. If achievement is important, then easy pieces aren’t likely

• D. Practice is fun for the intrinsically motivated. The difficulty can’t be too hard for the achievement motivated.

• 36. diffusion means spread. The answer is C.

• 37. The answer is A. Confirmation bias is when we only notice things that confirm our already held beliefs.

• 29 out of 30 recalled Chair, desk, and walls

• Only 8 subjects recalled it had a skull

• 9 subjects recalled it had books which it did not

• Memory for location is influenced by the person’s schema for that location.

38. A schema is a set of expectations, a B) mental construct, that we have about something. 30 people were asked about this office picture below. Click for results of survey.

• 39. The answer is C. If you catch a virus, then eat at a Mexican food restaurant, throw up, then you will NOT want to eat at that restaurant, even if you know that’s not where you got the virus. That’s the Garcia effect.

• The answer is C.

• 40. C C C C Cones C C C C C Color• Rods – black and white light.• The answer is A.

• 41. Which answer deals with excitability and personality? The answer is D.

42. Her behavior is an example of what?A. Classical conditioning deals with reflex-like

responses. Like a dog drooling to a bell.B. She’s not recovering anythingC. No. that’s like Little Albert fearing all white

furry thingsD. ??E. Observational learning (like the Bobo doll

experiment)

• 43. E.

• 44. The answer is B. A client will “project” their personality onto the therapist.

• 45. E. Behaviorism. Watson was famous for the Little Albert experiment when he classically conditioned a baby to fear a white rat (and generalized that fear to all white furry things).

• 46. What is the brain made of? What are nerves made of?

• The answer is B. neuron

• 47. If you give an 11-year-old non-alcoholic beer, he’ll start acting drunk because he expects the alcohol to make him feel that way.

• The answer is A. expectations.

• 48. B. Which answer deals with an individual conforming to the group? B.

• 49.A. No. That’s behaviorism• B. Although Abraham Maslow talked about

peak experiences, he said that not all people have them. No.

• C. based on the ideas of unconditional positive regard, even mass murderers are good inside.

• D. Humanists are more positive than that!• E. Nah, they valued free will more than that.

• 50. Remember, the brain evolved from the bottom to the top. The bottom of the brain deals with basic life support. So, what is at the very top of the brain??

• C. The cerebral cortex, the source of conscious thought. The outer wrinkly part of the brain where the lobes are.

• 51. A. Simple failure to encode• B. reconstruction errors after the event• C. the inability to form NEW memories is

called antereograde amnesia• D. state – dependent memory• E. answer

• 52. a. fixation is a freudian term for being stuck in a psychosexual stage of development

• B. hallucination is when you see or hear things that are not there.

• C. illusion is a disortion of the senses• D. An eidetic image is formed if you can still see, at least in

some degree of detail, an "image" of the original stimulus (picture) after it has been removed. The image will appear to "linger" on the original surface it was seen, something like an after-image (except in the original color). A true eidetic image can literally be "seen" by the subject until it fades. Sometimes eidetic images can be recalled at will without significant fading.

• E. phobia is an uncontrollable fear of something, not a hallucination. The individual may have a phobia but s/he is not “experiencing” it in this question.

• 53. The answer is C. • There is something called

instinctive drift. One time psychologists tried to train raccoons to deposit coins in a slot. However, they ALWAYS wanted to rub 2 coins together and “wash” them like they wash food in a stream.

• 54. A. Schizophrenia is associated with an abundance of dopamine, hallucinations and Enlarged, fluid-filled areas in the brain.

• 55. A. ntm imbalance is the biological perspective

• B. thoughts – cognitive perspective• C. biopsychosocial perspective• D. psychoanalysis focuses on unconscious,

unresolved conflicts from childhood.

• 56. A. hippocampus - memory• B. Hypothalamus (remember the 4 F’s)• C. Thalamus – relay station• D. Pons – facial expressions, basic biological

processes• E. medulla – heart beat, blood pressure

• 57. a. Fixation – being stuck in a psychosexual stage

• B. repression – motivated forgetting• C. regression – acting immature in times of

strss• D. sublimation – doing something positive

with your “faults”• E. reaction formation – acting the opposite of

how you truly feel

• 58. C. behavioral (After all, the question is asking about behaviors)

• Maladaptive behaviors, like overeating, can be reinforced or learned through observation just like any other behavior.

• 59. B. systematic (gradual) desensitization• The picture is virtual reality exposure therapy.

• 60. D. Set point• This is from the motivation chapter. It

theorizes that our body gets comfortable at a certain weight and is resistant to change.

• 61. This prompt deals with Ainsworth’s studies on attachment styles. She described the secure attachment, avoidant, and the answer, C. resistant or ambivalent attachment style

• 62. The answer is D. The stimulus causes your autonomic nervous system to react and you cognitively assess the stimulus. Is your mom driving crazy or is it fun????

• 63. Standard deviation is how far apart are the numbers away from each other. How much do they deviate from each other.

• The answer is B.

• 64. Soma = body somataform disorders are the brain leading to some sensation of the body. Example: phantom pregnancy.

• The answer is A.• She is not pregnant, but feels like

she is

• 65. D. Classical conditioning – associative learning

• When a person or animal creates an automatic association between 2 things without reinforcements, that is classical conditioning (like Pavlov training a dog to drool to a bell)

• 66. D. Early behaviorists were uber-scientists who took things a bit too far. They said we should only study observable behavior like a pigeon pecking on a disk.

• 67. C. Deindividuation (not an individual for the moment). They riot because they get swept up by the crowd.

• 68. B. Humanists were the pioneers of group therapy. It makes sense since they are into client-centered therapy. In a group, the therapist doesn’t dominate the conversation.

• 69. A. General adaptation syndrome

• 70. Reliability means you get the same results again and again, even if the test is crap.

• A. no because it needs to be the same test• B. that’s predictive validity• C. needs to be the same people• D. there needs to be some sort of retake• E. This is the best answer, even though it’s 2

versions of the same test

• 71. D. Heuristics are mental shortcuts• Use a heuristic to unscramble this word:

EQEUNUsing a heuristic you might put the q and the u

together.Using an algorithm, you would try all 1000 letter

combinations until you get it.

• 72. B. the JND deals with noticing the difference between 2 similar things

• E. absolute threshold is the answer.

• 73. A. semantic – the meaning of words• B. episodic – an “episode” of your life (that

time you fell in class)• C. priming – hints• D. procedural – “procedures” like playing a

piano, walking

• 74. The answer is B. Serotonin deals with depression.

• 75. When people work in large groups (like in a tug of war game), the individual does not work as hard. This is called social loafing. The answer is C.

• 76. B. Biological – deals with the physical body (brain, hormones, neurotransmitters)

• 77. The answer is D. You “know” the answer but just can’t access it for some reason.

• 78. B.Token economy is when you use positive reinforcement with a large group of people like elementary schools or classrooms or mental wards. (Pizza party if everyone passes the test)

• 79. Think how old does a child need to be before s/he understands that water conserves its mass even if it’s poured into a taller beaker.

• The answer is C.

• 80. Dissonance = discomfort • cognitive = thinking• We experience cognitive dissonance

(discomfort) when our behavior doesn’t match our attitudes. The answer is B.

• 81. For the evolutionary perspective, always look for words and phrases like “adaptive” “survival of the fittest” “evolution” Darwin

• The answer is B.

• 82. D. Signal detection theory says we are more likely to hear something if we expect to hear something.

• 83. The answer is D. Intensity

• 84. Just think, which one comes first? Especially, which comes last???

• The answer is E.

• 85. Cognitive therapy is about changing maladaptive thoughts. He would challenge irrational thoughts that would stress or depress the clients. (He’s where Dr. Phil got a lot of inspiration.)

• 86. a. Decay is a gradual forgetting over a long period of time

• B. amnesia is brought on by some sort of trauma• C. no reconstruction error in remembering the

number 9• PORN• Proactive-Old info gets in the way of new• Retroactive-New info gets in the way of old• The answer is E because channel 9 is making her

forget channel 16.

• 87. E.The self serving bias is when we attribute our successes to internal (dispositional) causes such as our hard work and intelligence. . . While we attribute our failures to external causes (the teacher was a jerk; the test was too hard).

• 88. Just rule out all the BAD things.• The answer is E.

• 89. First, antisocial does NOT mean introverted. It means one does not have a conscience (like a serial killer).

• The answer is D.• E. that’s narcissism

• 90. Psychoanalysts use projective personality tests, meaning they seek to access your unconscious mind by how you interpret pictures or fill in blanks.

• The MMPI is a self-report test, even more respected than the Myers-Briggs.

• The answer is B.

91. The answer is D. Acetylcholine• Its function is motor movement and

maybe memory.

To much and you will….

Not enough and you will….

Lack of ACH has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease.

• 92. The psychoanalytic perspective focuses on unconscious desires and conflicts.

• The answer is C.

• 93. Self report tests (like the MMPI and the Myers-Briggs and the Big Five) are trait tests. The trait approach to psychology says our personality is based on the sum of our traits (such as introversion, openness)

• The answer is B.

• 94. When we commit the FAE, we overestimate dispositional (internal) factors and we underestimate situational factors.

• The answer is A.

• 95. I feel Starbucky today. Language is creative. If we had a language acquisition device, then we couldn’t be so creative.

• The answer is A.

• 96. What are we doing to the subjects to study this? The answer is C

• 97. What are we measuring? The answer is B.

• 98. C. (same as 96.) (the independent variables)

• 99. Stage 2 has sleep spindles. (A)

• The sleep cycle has changed. I’m not sure this question is valid.

• 100. C. Social – people facil – easy• Sometimes, athletes and musicians play better

on game day in front of people than at practice.

• (The Yerkes-Dodson law supports this as well!)