©2007 european parliament, visits and seminars unit european parliament structure and powers...
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©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
European ParliamentStructure and Powers
presented at the Hanoi European Studies Institute
on 14/12/2009
Gergely POLNERDG Communication
20020099 Visits and Seminars Unit Visits and Seminars UnitDG DG COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENTEUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
European Union
New Member States (2007)
Candidate countries
EU 25 (2004)
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
The European Union
European Communities
Internal Market,Agriculture,
Structural Operations,Monetary Union
COMMONDECISIONMAKING
European Communities
Internal Market,Agriculture,
Structural Operations,Monetary Union
COMMONDECISIONMAKING
Common Foreign and
SecurityPolicy
INTER-GOVERNMENTALCOOPERATION
Common Foreign and
SecurityPolicy
INTER-GOVERNMENTALCOOPERATION
Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters
Third pillar mergedinto the first pillarwith the entry into
force of the Lisbon Treaty
Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters
Third pillar mergedinto the first pillarwith the entry into
force of the Lisbon Treaty
THE EUROPEAN UNIONTHE EUROPEAN UNION
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Institutional triangle
European Parliament
754 members representing the European citizens
Adoption of legislation and budget
Democratic supervision
European Commission
27 commissioners
Right of initiative
Implementation of the European policies and budget
Council of the EU
27 ministers representing the Member States
Adoption of legislation and budget
Concluding international agreements
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Lisbon Treaty
European Parliament
Co-decision: ordinary legislative procedure
More control over the budget
European Commission
Subsidiarity check by national parliaments
Citizens’ initiative
Council of the EU
More voting by qualified majority
2014: double majority
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Lisbon Treaty
President of the European Council
Herman Van Rompuy
High Representative &Vice-President of the Commission
Catherine Ashton
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
The Presidencies of EU Institutions
The Presidency of the Council of the European UnionThe Presidency of the Council of the European Union
SwedenSwedenJuly - December 200July - December 20099
Czech RepublicCzech RepublicJanuaryJanuary - - JuneJune 200 20099
SpainSpainJanuaryJanuary - - JuneJune 2010 2010
President of the President of the European ParliamentEuropean Parliament
Mr Jerzy Buzek Mr Jerzy Buzek
President of the President of the European CommissionEuropean Commission
Mr Jose Manuel BarrosoMr Jose Manuel Barroso
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Industry groupsConsumer groups
Environmental NGOs
Citizens
MEPs’ constituency politics & priorities
National governments’ political cultures/priorities
UN
WTO ILO UNEP IEAWHOIMO
UNECEEuropean Council
USA
European Commission
Council of Ministers
European Parliament
…
MEDIA
EEA
EU Agencies
Think Tanks
‘Brussels Rules OK’ – (The Economist, 22 Sept. 2007)
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Budgetary power
Parliament decides the EU annual budget together with
the Council
Enlargement decisions
Parliament‘s assent is required for the accession of
any new Member States
Legislative power
Most EU laws are adopted jointly by the European
Parliament and the Council of the EU
Parliamentary control
Parliament supervises other EU institutions and can pass a
vote of no-confidence in the European Commission
European Parliament Parliament’s powers
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
European Parliament Total Seats
20092004732
Treaty of Nice
2007 785
Romania and BulgariaAccession
736Treaty of Nice
+ Accession Treaty (RO & BG)
751Treaty of
Lisbon
2010754
736 + increase in seats as mentioned by Lisbon Treaty
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Member State Seats Member State Seats
Germany AustriaFrance Bulgaria United Kingdom Denmark Italy Finland Spain SlovakiaPoland Ireland Romania Lithuania Netherlands Latvia Belgium Slovenia Czech Rep. Estonia Greece Cyprus Hungary Luxemburg Portugal Malta Sweden
Seat repartitionfrom the 1/12/2009 until the next European elections
754754
9974737354 513326222222222220
191813131312 12986666
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
European Parliament Seats per Member State in EU27
MEMBER MEMBERSTATE STATE
Germany Austria France Bulgaria United Kingdom Denmark Italy FinlandSpain Slovakia Poland IrelandRomania Lithuania Netherlands Latvia Belgium Slovenia Czech Estonia Greece Cyprus Hungary Luxembourg Portugal Malta Sweden
EU27 2007
18181414 141313976665
EU272009
Lisbon 9974737354 513326222222222220
EU272009
Lisbon 1918131313 1212986666
EU272009 Nice
9972727250 503325222222222218
EU27 2007
9978787854 543527242424242419
EU272009Nice
1717131313 1212876665
785 736 754
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
62
56
5048 47 46 46
4138 38 37 36 36 36 36
33 3332
3029
25 25 2522
1817
00
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Fin
land
Sw
eden
Est
onia
Net
herla
nds
Bul
garia
Den
mar
k
Fra
nce
Aus
tria
Slo
vaki
a
Latv
ia
Ger
man
y
Hun
gary
Rom
ania
Bel
gium
Por
tuga
l
UK
Cyp
rus
Gre
ece
Spa
in
Slo
veni
a
Lith
uani
a
Irel
and
Ital
y
Pol
and
Cze
ch r
ep
Luxe
mbo
urg
Mal
ta
Women in the EP
European Parliament 2009258 women35,1% seats
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
EP Elections Turnout per member state 2009
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
EU 43,1%
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Political Groups
EPP: Group of the European People’s Party (Christian Democrats)
S&D: Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament
ALDE: Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
Greens/EFA: Group of the Greens / European Free Alliance
EFP: Europe of Freedom and Democracy Group
Non-attached
Situation as of 15 July 2009
ECR: European Conservatives and Reformists Group
GUE/NGL: Confederal Group of the European United Left / Nordic Green Left
265
184
84
55
54
3532
27
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Committees
• Committee on Foreign Affairs• Committee on Development• Committee on International Trade• Committee on Budgets• Committee on Budgetary Control• Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs• Committee on Employment and Social Affairs• Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety• Committee on Industry, Research and Energy• Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection• Committee on Transport and Tourism• Committee on Regional Development• Committee on Agriculture• Committee on Fisheries• Committee on Culture and Education• Committee on Legal Affairs• Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs • Committee on Constitutional Affairs• Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality• Committee on Petitions
20
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Delegations
EU-Croatia Gulf States, Yemen
EU-Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Iran
EU-Turkey United States
EU-Mexico Canada
EU-Chile Central America
Switzerland, Iceland, Norway and European Economic Area Andean Community
Russia Mercosur
South East Europe Japan
Ukraine People´s Republic of China
Moldova Southeast Asia, ASEAN
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Mongolia
Korean Peninsula
Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia Australia and New Zealand
Belarus South Africa
Israel NATO
Palestinian Legislative Council South Asia
Maghreb India
Mashreq Afghanistan
34
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
LIST OF INTERGROUPS IN THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
1. FIELDSPORTS, FISHING AND CONSERVATION2. WELFARE AND CONSERVATION OF ANIMALS3. FAMILLE ET PROTECTION DE L'ENFANCE4. BALTIC EUROPE5. FEDERALIST INTERGROUP FOR THE EUROPEAN CONSTITUTION6. TRADITIONAL NATIONAL MINORITIES CONSTITUTIONAL REGIONS AND REGIONAL LANGUAGES7. CINEMA, AUDIOVISUAL POLICY AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY8. FOURTH WORLD EUROPEAN COMMITTEE9. CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT10. TOURISME11. DISABILITY INTERGROUP12. TRADE UNION COORDINATION GROUP13. ANTI-RACISM AND DIVERSITY 14. SME (SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRENEURS) 15. LESBIAN AND GAY INTERGROUP16. PRESS, COMMUNICATION AND FREEDOM17. TIBET 18. CIEL ET ESPACE19. GLOBALISATION INTERGROUP20. VITICULTURE-TRADITION-QUALITÉ 21. HEALTH AND CONSUMER 22. URBAN-LOGEMENT 23. AGEING
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
The European CommissionThe European Commission
Legislative power How co-decision works
Commission proposal
First reading in Council(Council position)
Conciliation committee(if necessary)
Second reading in Council(if necessary)
Second reading in Parliament(if necessary)
Final vote in third reading(if necessary)
Final vote in third reading(if necessary)
The Council The Council of the European Unionof the European Union
The European The European ParliamentParliament
First reading in Parliament(Parliament opinion)
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Number of Codecision files Completed 1999-2007
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1999-2000
2001-2002
2003-2004
2005-2006
Files Completed
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Increasing number of official languages
1957 4
1973 7
1981 8
1986 10
1995 12
2004 21
2007 23
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Tower of Babel ??
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Number of possible
language combinations
for interpretation
BG
SV
FI
SL
SK
RO
PT
PLNL
MT HU LT
ESCS DA
LV
IT
GA
FR
EL
DE
ET
EN506 506 possible possible
combinationscombinations
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
SECRETARIATSECRETARIATThe European Parliament’s Secretariat is located in Luxembourg and Brussels
How the Parliament Works
COMMITTEE COMMITTEE MEETINGSMEETINGS
weeks allocated forparliamentary committee
meetings in Brussels
PLENARY PLENARY SESSIONSSESSIONS
12 part-sessionsin Strasbourg
5 additional sessions in Brussels
POLITICALPOLITICALGROUPSGROUPS12 weeks allocatedfor meetings of thepolitical groups in
Brussels
EXTERNALEXTERNALPARLIAMENTARYPARLIAMENTARYACTIVITIESACTIVITIES
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
EU AS A EU AS A GLOBAL GLOBAL PLAYERPLAYER
AGRICULTURALAGRICULTURALEXPENDITUREEXPENDITURE
OTHER EXPENDITUREOTHER EXPENDITUREINCL. ADMINISTRATIONINCL. ADMINISTRATION
SUSTAINABLE GROWTHSUSTAINABLE GROWTHCompetitivenessCompetitiveness
CohesionCohesion
CITIZENSHIP, FREEDOM, CITIZENSHIP, FREEDOM, SECURITY AND JUSTICESECURITY AND JUSTICE
45%45%
6%6%
EUR 133.8 billionEUR 133.8 billion31%31%
6%6% 11%11%1%1%
Budget of the European UnionFinancial year 2009
RURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL DEVELOPMENT
€ 2009
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
EU Budget RevenueFinancial year 2009
€ 2009
MiscellanousMiscellanousVAT-based VAT-based
resourceresource
Customs duties,Customs duties,agricultural duties,agricultural duties,and sugar levies and sugar levies
17%17%17%17% 1%1%
65%65%
GNI based resourceGNI based resource
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
Sakharov Prizefor Freedom of Thought
Sakharov Prize Winner 2009:
Russian civil rights defence organization Memorial and their three representatives Oleg Orlov, Sergei Kovalev and Lyudmila Alexeyeva, as well as all other human rights defenders in Russia.
©2007 European Parliament, Visits and Seminars Unit
EU Information on Internet
www.europarl.europa.eu
www.europa.eu