2007theo schouten1 introduction. 2007theo schouten2 human eye 6-7 10 6 cones, 120 10 6 rods reaction...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
218 views
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 1
Introduction
![Page 2: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 2
Human Eye
•6-7 106 Cones, 120 106 Rods•Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve stimuli)•Parallel processing by 1010 nerve cells (neurons)•Adjustment to light intensity (factor 1010)•Stereo: 2 eyes and their continuous movement, focusing•Continuous assimilation of moving images
![Page 3: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 3
Visual effects
![Page 4: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 4
Steps in image processing
• Production (CCD camera, CT, MRI ) • Storage, transmission and compression • Transformation eg to a Fourier or Wavelet space • Restoration, e.g. lens distortions or movement • Enhancement: making suitable for an application • Segmentation: finding (parts of) relevent objects
– finding edges: local deviations in an image – finding surface areas: local similarities
• Describing and measuring of regions and objects • Image understanding (Pattern recognition, classical,
neural networks, AI)
![Page 5: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 5
Special methods
• 2 and 3 D Computed Tomography (CT) images to make it possible to view the interior of an object.
• binary images, e.g. mathematical morphology • color and in general multispectral images • texture (fine structures on a surface)• 3-D reconstruction out of stereo images • video processing (movement, 3-D)• 3D image processing
![Page 6: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 6
Computing challenges
• the large amount of data • high complexity of algorithms• high speed requirements
– parallel machines, algorithms– special purpose chips, CPU’s
• real-time requirements– image recorders, robots, production machines
![Page 7: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 7
Optimizing code/* slow.c */
#define SIZE 4096float imin[SIZE][SIZE], imout[SIZE][SIZE];
int main(int argc, char **argv){ int i, j, k, l;/* initialize image */ for(i=0; i < SIZE; i++) for(j=0; j < SIZE; j++) imin[j][i] = (i+j) % 256;/* average each pixel with its neighbours */ for(i=0; i < SIZE; i++) { for(j=0; j < SIZE; j++) { if( i == 0 || j == 0 ) imout[j][i] = imin[j][i]; else if( i == SIZE-1 || j == SIZE-1 ) imout[j][i] = imin[j][i]; else { imout[j][i] = 0; for(k=-1; k < 2 ; k++) for(l=-1; l < 2; l++) imout[j][i] += imin[j+l][i+k]; imout[j][i] /= 9 ;
}}}}
![Page 8: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 8
Relation other science fields
• Signal Analysis; 1D signal. • Geometry; position, orientation and size of objects from 3-D measurements• Linear Algebra • Estimation Theory; eg compression of images or in determining the
movement of objects. • Statistical Pattern recognition; classification• Syntactical Pattern recognition; structure of an image• Artificial Intelligence; representation and manipulation of knowledge
information that is extracted from images. • Real Time Systems; interaction with other machines. • System and Computer Architecture; parallel (1 CPU per pixel); special
processors • Computer Graphics; for projecting the images and showing the results of
the manipulations • User Interfaces; for good interaction with the software systems used for
image manipulations.
![Page 9: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 9
Uses of image processing
• Medical Imaging • Machine en Robot vision (industrial production and
inspection )• Remote Sensing (satellite and aerial photos) • graphical and game industry, image editing in
combination with computer graphics • consumer photo and video editing
![Page 10: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 10
Integrated Examination
• 4 assignments• 1st individual, rest in groups• working towards a goal• all assignments must have been handed in• final grade is average if all grades are 5 or more
– otherwise the lowest grade
![Page 11: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 11
FEED
Fast Exact Euclidean Distance transformationJoint research with Egon van den Broek en Harco Kuppens
![Page 12: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 12
Video Surveillance
![Page 13: 2007Theo Schouten1 Introduction. 2007Theo Schouten2 Human Eye 6-7 10 6 Cones, 120 10 6 Rods Reaction time: 0.1 sec (enough for transferring 100 nerve](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d585503460f94a3799e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
2007 Theo Schouten 13
Depth from floor contact