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Mapping for AdvocacyMapping for AdvocacyPresentation for the Opportunity Agenda’s Mapping for Presentation for the Opportunity Agenda’s Mapping for

Health Equity Initiative Health Equity Initiative Jason Reece, AICPJason Reece, AICPSenior ResearcherSenior ResearcherReece.35@osu.eduReece.35@osu.edu

The Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race & EthnicityThe Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race & EthnicityThe Ohio State UniversityThe Ohio State University

March 21March 21stst 2008 2008

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Discussion PointsDiscussion Points

Mapping for advocacy and social Mapping for advocacy and social justicejustice– Why use maps?Why use maps?– How can they be utilized?How can they be utilized?

Our experiencesOur experiences

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Space and Regional EquitySpace and Regional Equity

Why are maps particularly Why are maps particularly effective in dealing with issues of effective in dealing with issues of equity?equity?– Regional, racial and social inequity often Regional, racial and social inequity often

manifest as spatial inequitymanifest as spatial inequity– Maps are naturally the best tools to Maps are naturally the best tools to

display this spatial phenomenadisplay this spatial phenomena Other disciplines and sectors are using Other disciplines and sectors are using

mapping to problem solve mapping to problem solve – Private industryPrivate industry

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Maps: Maps: Powerful Visual Powerful Visual

ToolsTools Why is a map an Why is a map an

excellent visual tool to excellent visual tool to inform someone about inform someone about an issue/problem or an issue/problem or solution?solution?– Maps are incredibly Maps are incredibly

efficient, compacting efficient, compacting volumes of data into single volumes of data into single pictures that can be pictures that can be understood at a glanceunderstood at a glance

One map may contain One map may contain tens of thousands of tens of thousands of pieces of information than pieces of information than can be understood in can be understood in secondsseconds

– A good map can enable A good map can enable you to tell a story or solve you to tell a story or solve a problema problem

Research has shown that Research has shown that people can solve problems people can solve problems faster with map based faster with map based information, than by information, than by looking at charts, tables or looking at charts, tables or graphsgraphs

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Using Maps for AdvocacyUsing Maps for Advocacy

In our work we see mapping In our work we see mapping as serving two primary as serving two primary advocacy goalsadvocacy goals– AnalysisAnalysis

Existing conditions, spatial trends, Existing conditions, spatial trends, scenarios, optimization etc. scenarios, optimization etc.

– StorytellingStorytellingWhat's your narrative?What's your narrative?

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Analytical ExamplesAnalytical Examples

Are minority businesses in areas of Are minority businesses in areas of economic opportunity? (Cleveland)economic opportunity? (Cleveland)

Are hospital investments benefiting Are hospital investments benefiting communities of color? (Columbus)communities of color? (Columbus)

How should EITC advocacy be How should EITC advocacy be tailored? (Columbus)tailored? (Columbus)

Are job growth areas connected to Are job growth areas connected to transit? (Baltimore)transit? (Baltimore)

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MBE and Projected Job Change 2000-2030MBE and Projected Job Change 2000-2030

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Hospital Hospital Investments and Investments and African American African American Neighborhoods:Neighborhoods:

ColumbusColumbus

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Where Should EITC Advocacy be Targeted?Where Should EITC Advocacy be Targeted?

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Spatial Mismatch:Spatial Mismatch:Job Growth & PublicJob Growth & PublicTransit in BaltimoreTransit in Baltimore

The following map illustrates the

mismatch between job growth and

transit in Baltimore

Percent Change in Jobs

30 - 66.6

15 - 30

5 - 15

0 - 5

Job Loss

Recent Job Growth 98-02 and Public Transitin the Baltimore Region

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Narratives ExamplesNarratives Examples

Subsidized housing policy is Subsidized housing policy is reinforcing segregation (Baltimore)reinforcing segregation (Baltimore)

Foreclosures in African American Foreclosures in African American neighborhoods are due to subprime neighborhoods are due to subprime lending patterns (Cleveland)lending patterns (Cleveland)

Vacant property problems are Vacant property problems are spreading, vacant property spreading, vacant property challenges are not just an inner city challenges are not just an inner city problem (Detroit)problem (Detroit)

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Subsidized Subsidized housing housing opportunities in opportunities in Baltimore are Baltimore are generally generally clustered in the clustered in the region’s region’s predominately predominately African African American American neighborhoodsneighborhoods

Conditions in Conditions in Baltimore Baltimore

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Subprime Lending, Race and ForeclosureSubprime Lending, Race and Foreclosure(Note: Not one of our maps)(Note: Not one of our maps)

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Subprime Lending, Race and ForeclosureSubprime Lending, Race and Foreclosure(Note: Not one of our maps)(Note: Not one of our maps)

Maps: Produced and adapted from Charles Bromley, SAGES Presidential Fellow, Case Western University

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Looking at Issues Across Time and Space: Looking at Issues Across Time and Space: The Growing Vacant Land Problem in DetroitThe Growing Vacant Land Problem in Detroit

8 0 8 16 Miles

N

EW

S

Growth of Vacant Housing in Detroit 1970-2000(% Vacant Housing in 1970 and 2000)

% Vacant 1970

% Vacant 2000

% of Homes Vacant0 - 33 - 1010 - 1515 - 2020 - 57.6

CountiesHighwaysCity of Detroit

Prepared by: Kirwan InstituteSource Data: U.S. Census Bureau

Legend:

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Opportunity Mapping: Combining Opportunity Mapping: Combining Analysis with a Strong NarrativeAnalysis with a Strong Narrative

Opportunity mapping is a research tool Opportunity mapping is a research tool used to understand the dynamics of used to understand the dynamics of “opportunity” within metropolitan areas“opportunity” within metropolitan areas

The purpose of opportunity mapping is to The purpose of opportunity mapping is to illustrate where opportunity rich illustrate where opportunity rich communities exist (and assess who has communities exist (and assess who has access to these communities) access to these communities) – Also, to understand what needs to be remedied Also, to understand what needs to be remedied

in opportunity poor communities in opportunity poor communities

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Subsidized Subsidized housing housing opportunities in opportunities in Baltimore are Baltimore are generally generally clustered in the clustered in the region’s lowest region’s lowest opportunity opportunity neighborhoodsneighborhoods

Baltimore Opportunity and

Subsidized Housing

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Analysis and Narrative:

African American men are isolated from neighborhoods of

opportunity in Detroit

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Questions or Comments? Questions or Comments? For More Information Visit Us On-Line:For More Information Visit Us On-Line:

www.KirwanInstitute.orgwww.KirwanInstitute.org

2020

Subsidized Subsidized housing housing opportunities in opportunities in Baltimore are Baltimore are generally generally clustered in the clustered in the region’s region’s predominately predominately African African American American neighborhoodsneighborhoods

Conditions in Conditions in Baltimore Baltimore