2009 iecc – residential energy code training 6/23/08
TRANSCRIPT
2009 IECC – RESIDENTIAL ENERGY
CODE TRAINING
6/23/08
6/23/08
Summary of Changes• Windows U-0.35• Basement Walls R-10 to Frost Line• Slab Insulation – R-10• Recessed Lights – Air Tight and IC rated• Ducts in Unconditioned Space
– Supply Ducts in Attics R-8– All Other Ducts R-6
• Attic insulation at extends to outside edge of top plate R-30
3
Summary of Changes
• Duct systems that extend into unconditioned space must be visually inspected (mastic) or tested for leakage.
• Air tightness of the building must be visually inspected or tested.
• Access hatches and doors to unconditioned spaces must be insulated and weatherstripped.
4
Summary of Changes
• Fireplaces must have gasketed doors and outside combustion air.
• Using the Performance Option the efficiency of the HVAC system is not considered. The building envelope annual energy use must be equal to a building meeting the prescriptive requirements.
5
Definitions
Conditioned Space: An area or room within a building being heated or cooled, containing uninsulated ducts, or with a fixed opening directly into an adjacent conditioned space.
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Definitions
Building Thermal Envelope: The basement walls, exterior walls, floor, roof, and any other building element that enclose the conditioned space. This boundary also includes the boundary between conditioned space and any exempt or unconditioned space.
Building Thermal Envelope
Conditioned space
attic
7
Building Thermal Envelope
• Components:• Fenestration
• Windows, doors, skylights• Ceilings• Walls
• Above grade• Below grade• Mass walls
• Floors• Slab• Crawl space
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The Building Envelope Can Be Deceiving
9
STAIRCASE WALLS
Notes:Door to unconditioned space: insulated, weather stripped
Wall to unconditioned space: insulated and sealed on all 6 sidesArea above the stairs: insulated same as floor
Not required with conditioned basement.
Carefully consider how to define the thermal envelope with an unconditioned basement or attic in the area surrounding the stairs
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Builder
11
1. Will there be an HVAC system in the attic and will there be insulation on the ceiling?
2. Performance vs Prescriptive
3. Where and how the thermal barrier will be established (insulation location)
4. Where or how the air barrier will be established (insulation type)
5. Details of meeting Prescriptive requirements, such as ceilings without attic spaces
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6. What sub-contractor will be responsible for what job function
7. Insure all mandatory provisions are met
8. Provide blueprints with all insulation levels, window and door U-factors specified– If blueprint includes insulated area square
footage it will simplify calculations–Areas should be provided for every unique
external condition, such as walls next to an unconditioned attic.
8. Estimated air leakage rate
13
Foundation Contractor
14
Slab-on-grade floors • R-10 (typically 2 inches) insulation in Zone 4• Downward from top of slab a minimum of 24” • Insulation can be vertical or extend horizontally under
the slab or out from the building (must be under 10 inches of soil),
• Can be angled at edge of slab
15
Foundation: Typical Slab Installation
How to insulate the top edge internally?
16
Foundation: Typical Slab Installation
Local optionallowed
17Add taper to top of slab
Framer
18
Needs to know1. Will there be an HVAC system in the attic and
will there be insulation on the ceiling?a) must build platform and insulation dam
2. Where blocking is needed for air barriera) Kneewallb) Cantilevered floorsc) Bonus room over garage
3. Foam strip needed under wall plate
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HVAC Platform
20
Extension added to ceiling joists to allow the depth of insulation need to provide an R-38 or R-30, total height of 10 to 12 inches.
Attic Insulation Dam
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Corner Framing to Allow Insulation
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Ladder Framing to Allow Insulation
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No insulationpossible
Insulationwith somebridging
Insulationwithoutbridging
Insulationwithoutbridging
Insulated Header
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2x Member
2x Member
½” RigidInsulation
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Framer - Air Leakage ControlRim Board
Glue or Foam Strip
Glue or Foam Strip
Glue
Glue
Foam Strip
Preparing for Insulation
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Kneewall Blocking
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Kneewall Blocking
28
Unconditioned Space
ConditionedSpace
UnconditionedSpace
Conditioned Space
ConditionedSpace
UnconditionedSpace
Kneewall Blocking
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Walls
30
All walls must have 6 solid side, top, bottom, front, back
No top plate
2x4 Flat – How to insulate???
Cantilevered Floor Blocking
Who does what, when?Ductwork in cavity must maintain R value 31
Dropped Soffit – Framer
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v Must be insulated before soffit installation
Interior Wall Exterior Wall
Dropped Soffit – Air Sealer
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Must be insulated before air barrier installation
Interior Wall Exterior Wall
Skylight Air Barrier
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Fireplace Wall Air Barrier
35
Must be insulated before air barrier installation
36
Filler blocking much simpler shape with dimensional lumber
Filler blocking much harder shape with Engineered lumber
GARAGE BAND JOIST AIR BARRIER
Two types of joist-gaps created between garage and conditioned space.
Incorrect Correct
Air Blocking and Insulation Behind Tub or Shower
37
Must be insulated before air barrier installation
38
Air Blocking Needed for Fire Code
Plumber
39
• Needs to insure– Exterior walls are insulated and an air barrier
installed prior to installing tubs or showers on exterior walls
• Needs to do normally– R-2 insulation on a circulation hot water
system with automatic or manual switch to turn off system when not in use (cost factor in bid)
40
Air Blocking and Insulation Behind Tub or Shower
41
Must be insulated before air barrier installation
Electrician
42
• Needs to do normally– Provide IC airtight rated recessed lights
installed to manufacture’s specifications– Prescriptive - 50% or more of permanently
installed lighting be high-efficacy• Compact fluorescent lamps, T-8 or smaller
diameter linear fluorescent lamps
43
Recessed Lighting Fixtures
• Type IC rated, and labeled with no penetrations between the inside of the recessed fixture and ceiling cavity (sealed and caulked)
• Sealed with a gasket or caulk between housing and wall or ceiling covering
• Type IC rated, in accordance with ASTM E 283 to be an “Air-Tight” enclosure
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• Applies to lamps in permanently installed lighting fixtures
• Requires 50% to be high-efficacy Compact Fluorescent T-8 Linear Fluorescent Lamps with a minimum
efficacy ofo 60 lumens per watt (for
lamps > 40 watts)o 50 lumens per watt (for
lamps < 15 watts) o 40 lumens per watt (for
lamps fr0m 15 to 40 watts)
Prescriptive Requirements
Lighting Equipment
45
HVAC Contractor
46
• Needs to know– Location of the thermal envelop– Is the house meeting energy by Performance
certification– Insulation levels including windows and doors
on blueprint for load calculations– The estimated air leakage rate
47
• Needs to provide– Estimated duct leakage rate– Heating and cooling load calculation using
Manual J or approved software– R-8 supply ducts in unconditioned attic unless
house is Performance Certified then R-6– R-6 for all other ducts in unconditioned
spaces– Sealed duct work that can pass duct test and
meet estimate used for load calculations
48
• Needs to provide (continued)– One programmable thermostat– Heat pump control to prevent backup heat
operation in mild weather– R-3 insulation on all piping carrying fluids over
105°F or under 55°F
49
Programmable Thermostat • At least 1 thermostat for each
separate heating and cooling system.• Programmable thermostat required when
forced-air furnace is primary heating system
Heat Pump Supplementary Heat • Controls for heat pumps with
supplementary heat
Mandatory Requirements
Controls
50
• All ducts, air handlers, filter boxes… used as ducts must be sealed
• Locate All Ductwork in Conditioned Space
OR IF ANY DUCTWORK IS IN UNCONDITIONED SPACE…
• Duct testing must be performed on the system
or
Mandatory Requirements
Ducts
51
Duct Systems Air Sealing
52
Non-Compliant
53
No return boot through floor.Consumer duct tape used on duct system
Square insert does not seal I-joist
• Seal all ducts, air handlers, filter boxes, and building cavities used as ducts.
• Seal and securely fasten all joints, transverse seams and connections with:– welds– gaskets– mastics– mastic-plus-embedded fabric systems– tapes
• Unlisted duct tape is not permitted as a sealant on any metal ducts – must be UL-181 A/B listed
Mandatory Requirements
Ducts
54
• Ventilation– Outdoor air intakes and exhausts shall have automatic or
gravity dampers that close when the ventilation system is not operating
• Equipment Sizing– Load calculations determine the proper capacity (size) of
equipment– Calculations shall be performed in accordance
with ACCA Manual S and Loads from ACCA
Manual J or other approved methods
Mandatory RequirementsMechanical Ventilation and
Equipment Sizing
55
Duct InsulationIf ducts are NOT located
within building thermalenvelope:– Supply ducts in attics:
R-8• R-6 allowed with
Performance option
– All other ducts: R-6
Building framing cavities shall not be used as supply ducts (return ducts still OK- but not recommended)
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Two Options for Checking Duct Sealing
Duct Leakage TestDuct Joint Inspection
Duct Tester
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• Needs to provide– Certification that ducts meet Postconstruction
minimum standard or• To outside - 8 cfm per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor
area serviced by that system OR• Total - 12 cfm per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor area
serviced by that system
– Certification that ducts meet Rough-in minimum standard• Total - 6 cfm per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor area
serviced by that system with air handler OR• Total - 4 cfm per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor area
serviced by that system without air handler
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Duct Leakage Testing Options• Duct Blaster
– Seal supply and return registers– Pressurize to 25 Pascals– Measures Total Leakage (12 cfm per 100 ft2 requirement)– Combined with Blower Door to measure Leakage to Outside (8
cfm per 100 ft2 requirement)
• Subtraction (Can not measure Total Leakage)– Seal supply and return registers– Pressurize to 25 Pacals– Difference between reading with and without sealed registers is
duct Leakage to Outside (Must meet 8 cfm option)
• Delta Q– No commercial software available
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Duct Sealing Inspector
61
Inspection for duct sealing of the following:• All joints sealed with mastic
– All joints must remain visable – ??? Building Cavities used as return ducts
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Insulation/Air Sealing Contractor
63
• Needs to do normally– Sealing of all penetrations through thermal
envelop– Air blocking for all insulation if not provided by
framer– Sealing around windows (air barrier must be
provided)– Batt insulation cut to fit around an items in
cavity being insulated, wiring, pipes, etc
64
Air Sealing
65
Air permeable insulation can not be used for air sealing
402.4.1 Building Thermal EnvelopeRequires the envelope to be sealed to limit
air infiltration.Sealing methods between dissimilar
materials should all for differential expansion and contraction.
All sources of infiltration should be caulked, gasketed, weatherstripped, or otherwise sealed with an air barrier material, suitable film, or solid material.
Mandatory Requirements
Air Leakage
66
67
Air Leakage Materials Selection
Care must be taken on the selection and use of air sealing materials, such as caulk to insure they are appropriate for the application and applied in the appropriate manner.
Areas for Air Leakage (Infiltration)Need to be addressed• Site-built windows,
doors and skylights• Openings between
window/ door assemblies and their jambs/framing
• Utility penetrations• Dropped ceilings
/chases adjacent to the thermal envelope
• Knee walls
68
Areas for Air Leakage (Infiltration)Also…• Walls/ceilings
separating a garage from conditioned space
• Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls
• Common walls between dwelling units
• Attic access openings• Rim joist junction
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Air Barrier System
Some is created by the required fire and smoke blocking.
71
Batt Insulation is not an Air Barrier
Air Leakage ControlPlumbing Pipes and Vents
72
Air Leakage ControlChimney Chases
73
Plumbing Services…
74
Foam sealant must be tested to ASTM 184 for use in fire-rated assemblies
Air Leakage ControlElectrical penetrations
75
Chimney Chase Air SealingFlashing, caulk (possibly fire rated) at each sideSee IRC 1001.11
Rock wool with heavy duty aluminum foil rolled around it -- Caulk to chimney and framing
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Duct Penetrations…
77
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Air Leakage ControlCaulking Rim Board
Seal foundation penetrations!
Foundations
79
Insulation
80
Identification
Sec. 303.1.1 Building thermal envelope insulation – Insulation installers shall provide a certificate listing type, manufacturer and R-value 81
Identification
Sec. 303.1.1.1 Blown or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation – Blown in attic floor insulation must have a depth marker for every 300 sq ft. throughout the attic space Note: Depth of blown
insulation is not a good measure of proper insulation R-value because blown insulation can be fluffed. Blown insulation bags give the manufactures coverage for a desired R-value.
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Identification
Sec. 303.1.2 Insulation mark insulation – Insulating materials shall be installed such that the manufacturer’s R-value mark is readily observable upon inspection.
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Insulation Installation
“Cut-To-Fit!”
Right Wrong
For Wiring
Right Wrong
Electrical Boxes
84
Insulation Installation
85
Insulation Installation
86
Insulation Installation
87
Insulation Installation
NO GAPS!
88
Insulation Installation – Good Examples
89
Assumes an air barrier on the back side.
Knee Wall Insulation
90
Insulation Options for EavesWood-Framed Roof
R-38 R-30
Access Hatches and Doors
Attic Hatches– Air sealed & weatherstripped– Same insulation level as floors
around them
Vertical “Hatches” (in Kneewalls)– Also air sealed and insulation
equal to wall insulation level.
92
Insulation Note: Above Grade Walls
Insulate walls including those next to unconditioned spaces
Don’t forget to insulate rim/band
joists
93
Floors• Space can be an
unheated basement, a crawlspace or outdoor air
• Zone 4: R19
• Insulation must maintain permanent contact with underside of subfloor
• Example of poor insulation job 94
Basement Walls
Zone 4: R10 (continuous) or R13 (cavity)
- down to frost line
95
Exterior Foam
Interior Studding
Basement Walls – Good Examples
96
97
Insulating Rim Board
98
Insulating Rim Board
Insulated Crawl Space Walls
Crawl Wall Insulation: This practice eliminates the need for insulation in the raised floor above the crawl.
Crawl space may not have ventilation openings to the outside
Must be mechanically ventilated or supplied with conditioned air (1 cfm/50 sq. ft)
Crawl floor must be covered with an approved vapor retarder material
99
Crawlspace Wall Insulation
If insulating crawlspace walls
• R-10/13 (same as basement wall requirement)
Nice Job!100
Crawl Space Wall Insulation
101
Vented Crawlspace
102
Insulation Installation Inspector
103
Inspection for proper insulation installation of the following:• Continuous thermal barrier around
conditioned space• No gaps• Not compressed – fills space• Cut to fit around items in the cavity such
as wiring, pipes, etc• Insulation under a floor is supported to
maintain contact with the floor
104
Inspection for proper insulation installation of the following:• Blocking between conditioned and
unconditioned spaces– Cantilevered floor cavity– Floor cavity of bonus room over garage– Top plates exist
• Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls• Common walls between dwelling units
105
Inspection for proper insulation installation of the following:• Attic access cover
– Includes both access scuttle doors and pull down stairs
– Approximately 8 inches for rigid foam insulation for R-38
• Platform provided to any equipment in unconditioned attic space
106
Drywall Contractor
107
• Needs to know– Construction details expected to reduce air
leakage, such as:• Top plate to drywall joint detail
• Needs to do Normally– Carefully cut openings where needed– Mud gaps where larger than necessary
openings have been cut• Especially true on any openings on the ceiling
108
Air Leakage Tester
109
• Needs to provide– Certification that the house air leakage meet
the minimum standard• 7 ACH50 maximum
– Measured air leakage with estimate of natural air leakage for minimum ventilation rate considerations
110
Blower Door Test (Testing Option)
111
Air Leakage Inspector
112
Inspection for air sealing of the following:• All joints, seams and penetrations• Site-built windows, doors and skylights• Openings between window and door
assemblies and their respective jambs and framing
• Utility penetrations• Dropped ceilings or chases adjacent to the
thermal envelope
113
Inspection for air sealing of the following:• Knee walls• Walls and ceilings separating a garage
from conditioned spaces• Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls• Common walls between dwelling units• Attic access openings• Rim joint junction• Other sources of infiltration
114
PrescriptiveRequirements
(sec. 402-404)
Performance(sec. 405)
MandatoryRequirements
(sec. 301, 303, 401-403)
REScheckSoftware
(sec. 402.1.4 - UA Alternative)
Overview of MandatoryCompliance
Requirements
115Mandatory Requirements Handout
PrescriptiveRequirements
(sec. 402-404)
Performance(sec. 405)
MandatoryRequirements
(sec. 301, 303, 401-403)
REScheckSoftware
(sec. 402.1.4 - UA Alternative)
Prescriptive Compliance
Requirements
116
PrescriptiveRequirements
(sec. 402-404)
Performance(sec. 405)
MandatoryRequirements
(sec. 301, 303, 401-403)
REScheckSoftware
(sec. 402.1.4 - UA Alternative)
Complianceusing REScheck
Software
117
U-Factor and Total UA Compliance Path
(Enables REScheck Approach)• Total UA Alternative
– Same as U-factor alternative but allows trade-offs across all envelope components• Approach used in REScheck software
118
PrescriptiveRequirements
(sec. 402-404)
Performance(sec. 405)
MandatoryRequirements
(sec. 301, 303, 401-403)
REScheckSoftware
(sec. 402.1.4 - UA Alternative)
Simulated PerformanceAlternativeCompliance
119
Simulated Performance
• Requires computer software with specified capabilities (local official may approve other tools)
• Compliance path allows greatest flexibility - credits such features as:– Tight building envelope– Tight ducts (must be leak tested) or hydronic
systems– Exterior shading, favorable orientation,
thermal mass, SHGC, etc.
120
Simulated Performance Alternative
• Analysis includes– Proposed R-values/U-factors– Solar Gain– Various duct and distribution efficiencies– Service Water Heating– Infiltration – Duct tightness– Orientation
• Mandatory requirements still necessary– Sections 401, 402.4, 402.5 and 403
121
Simulated Performance Alternative
• Analysis limits on standard reference house– Limits Widows area to a maximum 15%
of condition floor area – Uses standard efficiency HVAC
equipment for both the houses– Does not credit tight houses without
mechanical ventilation
122
Calculation Procedure and Compliance Software Tools
ProposedDesign
(“Proposed Building meeting the energy code requirements”)
StandardDesign
Energy Useof Proposed Design less
than
Energy Useof Standard
Design
Energy Estimation
Tool
In KY – Most Likely Software Used will be REMRate 123
Unique Residence
• 1488 ft2, slab on grade, one story• Walls = Block with R-3 on exterior• Ceiling = R-38• Windows = U-0.35, SHGC-0.40• Slab = R-10• Air Leakage = 0.25 ACHn• HVAC system in attic
– Duct leakage = 119 cfm (8 cfm per 100 ft2)
124Will it meet 2009 IECC?
Unique ResidencePrescriptive – Fails
Wall R below requirement
UA Compliance - Passes• 2009 Code = 320.7• As Designed = 311.6
Energy Cost Compliance - Fails• 2009 Code = $1,728• As Designed = $1,766
125
HERS Rating Benefits• Provides necessary inspections,
insulation, and testing, blower door and duct leakage, to prove compliance with 2009 IECC
• Supported by many utilites• Sales tool to demonstrate house’s energy
efficiency• Energy Smart Builder designation
126