20090186 txt p001 016 - areal editores · 2010-09-15 · she met a lot of international students...

Answer key

PREPARAR OS TESTES ANSWER KEY

198

1. 1.message2. communication3. snail mail4. band5. citizen6. patriotic

2.

3.

4.

5. It’s trombonist.

6. Austria – GermanBelgium – Dutch (Flemish), FrenchCzech Republic – CzechDenmark – DanishEstonia – EstonianFinland – Finnish, SwedishFrance – FrenchGermany – GermanGreece – GreekHungary – HungarianIreland – English, Irish (Irish – the 21st of-ficial language of the EU from 1 January2007)Italy – ItalianLatvia – LatvianLithuania – LithuanianLuxembourg – French, German, Luxem-burgishMalta – MaltesePoland – PolishPortugal – PortugueseSlovakia – SlovakSlovenia – SloveneSpain – SpanishSweden – SwedishThe Netherlands – DutchThe United Kingdom – English (+ Scot-tish Gaelic and Welsh)

1. 1. It’s a web page.2. It’s addressed to the general public /European citizens.3. It’s to inform people about the ad-vantages of learning foreign languages

TEXT COMPREHENSION PÁG. 12

1. G U I T A R I S T

2. K E Y B O A R D E R

3. S O L O I S T

4. D R U M M E R

5. B A N D

6. C O M P O S E R

7. V I O L I N I S T

8. S O N G W R I T E R

9. M U S I C I A N

10. F L A U T I S T

NOUNS ADJECTIVES VERBS

director

horror

producer

play

writer

editor

designer

actor

actress

distributor

operator

public

historical

marvellous

superb

convincing

romantic

moving

fabulous

excellent

astonishing

good

organise

play

contact

perform

convince

BRITISH ENGLISH AMERICAN ENGLISH

favour favor

colour color

cheque book check book

rucksack backpack / daypack

trainers sneakers

postcode zip code

post box mailbox

postman mail carrier

post mail

phone box phone booth

travelling traveling

VOCABULARY STUDY PÁG. 8

1.1. DIFFERENT LANGUAGES,DIFFERENT CULTURES

ANSWER KEY


199

and to advise and motivate people to

learn.

4. The text is written in an objective and

informal style.

2.

1. “If you have a clear reason for learning

a language, you will be more motivated

to succeed.”

2. “Maybe you want to be able to under-

stand local people when you go on holi-

day abroad, or maybe your job brings

you in contact with people from other

countries, or maybe you just want to be

able to make friends with people from

other backgrounds than your own.”

3. “It needn't just be the top-level staff

who learn – shop floor workers can also

be involved.”

4. “Language learning can improve your

career prospects.”

3. 1. b; 2. c; 3. a; 4. c; 5. b; 6. a; 7. b.

4. 1. …increase your self-confidence but

also help you improve your first lan-

guage skills.

2. …we speak their language.

3. …more people learn foreign lan-

guages.

5. 1. during; 2. initiative; 3. language; 4.

agree; 5. opportunities; 6. competence

1.

1. is becoming

2. is growing

3. are learning

4. speak; can

5. choose; tend

6. normally choose; prefer

7. needs; needs

8. do you study

9. do your classmates prefer

10. are learning

2. 1. are saying; is crying; 2. work; am study-ing; 3. is learning; 4. isn’t spending; 5. lis-tens; 6. require; 7. isn’t waiting; 8. need; 9.look; 10. Is… raining

1. 1. Right; 2. Wrong – a few; 3. Right; 4. Wrong – a little; 5. Wrong – a few; 6. Right 7. Right; 8. Wrong – a little;9. Wrong – a few; 10. Right

2. 1. A few; 2. a little; 3. little; 4. a little; 5. little; 6. few; 7. few; 8. a few; 9. few ; 10. little; 11. a few; 12. a few; 13. a few;

SuggestionName: Paula Gender: femaleAge Group: 16-18E-Mail Address: [email protected] Snail-Mail Address: Lisbon, PortugalHobbies: tennis, reading, writing, drawing,singing, having fun!

Pen pal message / wishes:

Hey everyone, my name is Paula. I'm spend-

ing some time in Germany this coming sum-

mer. If anyone would like to help me learn

more of the language and its culture, that'd

be great!

I'm 16 years old and I go to a secondary

school. I live in the suburbs of Lisbon, the cap-

ital of Portugal. I have many interests such as

singing, dancing, playing tennis, drawing,

reading, going online or just sleeping. I love

music, so I'm open to a lot of different kinds

of music. My favourite types are punk rock, al-

ternative, hip-hop, pop, instrumental, 80s,

oldies, trance and hardcore techno. I also en-

joy learning new languages and hopefully

will become a foreign language teacher.

Anyway if you're still interested in finding a

pen pal, email me!

Paula

CREATIVE WRITING PÁG. 19

GRAMMAR STUDY PÁG. 18


ANSWER KEY


200

1. 1. pen friend; 2. chat; 3. surf; 4. travel; 5. curriculum; 6. exchange;

2.

1. 1. e; 2. f; 3. a; 4. c; 5. b; 6. d;

2. 1. instrumental; 2. broadening; 3. out-look; 4. open-minded

3. 1. She’s a Singaporean girl who is study-ing at the University of Glasgow to fur-ther her studies.2. She says Glasgow is a modern and en-ergetic city, which attracts students andtourists from all over the world.3. She met a lot of international studentswho she’s become friendly with. Theyhave shared their own cultures, views ofthe world and personal experiences withher.

4. 1. …more open-minded towards newconcepts and ideas.2. …more respectful, observant and tol-erant towards other people’s way of life.3. …grow as a person.

5. 1. spoilt; 2. predictable; 3. old-fashioned;out of date; 4. narrow-minded; 5. disre-spectful; 6. intolerant;

1. 1. He arrived at a beautiful city on Sun-day afternoon.2.He stayed in a comfortable hotel.3. He played handball on Monday morn-ing.4. He listened to music on Mondayevening.5. He relaxed on the beach all day onTuesday.6.He watched TV on Tuesday evening.7.He shopped for presents for his friendson Wednesday afternoon.8. He danced at a disco all Thursdayevening.9. He walked along the river on Fridaymorning.10. He packed his suitcase on Fridayevening.11. He travelled home by train on Satur-day.

2. 1.What time did the bus leave?2.What did you eat for dinner?3.What time did your brother wake up?4.When did the Jervises live in Liverpool?5.What did you need for the maths test?6.Where did the taxi stop?7.Who did you have lunch with?8.What did you watch on TV yesterday?9.What course did your brother take atcollege?

3. 1. has broken2. have already visited3. has made4. has written5. has just gone6. has hurt

COUNTRY CAPITAL NATIONALITY

Brazil Brasília Brazilian

Switzerland Bern Swiss

Italy Rome Italian

United States Washington DC American

Canada Ottawa Canadian

Singapore Singapore Singaporean

Japan Tokyo Japanese

Spain Madrid Spanish

Czech Republic Prague Czech

Hungary Budapest Hungarian

Poland Warsaw Polish

Finland Helsinki Finnish

France Paris French

Wales Cardiff Welsh

Scotland Edinburgh Scottish

Greece Athens Greek

The Netherlands The Hague Dutch

Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourger

Denmark Copenhagen Danish




1.2. MOBILITY, YOUNG PEOPLE ANDLANGUAGES

ANSWER KEY


201

7. has taken8. have been9. has celebrated10. have just called11. have been12. has drunk13. has led

4. 1.Have you ever been to Ireland?2.Has she ever sung at a karaoke or bar?3.Has he ever had a holiday romance? 4.Have they ever eaten Italian food?5.Have we ever won a football match? 6.Have they already left work?7.Has she never gone online?

5. 1. has improved2. have brought3. had4. spoke5. can6. has become7. learn8. learn

1. 1. As soon as; 2. before; 3. after; 4.While; 5. while; 6. After; 7. when; 8.When; 9. inthe end

2. 1. As they had nothing better to do, theywatched television all afternoon.2. Since we were near Kate’s house, westopped to see her.3. As their team had won the game, thestudents were happy.4.Driving in the town centre is tiring dueto the heavy traffic.5. Since I need your advice, I’m coming tosee you.6. The roads were blocked due to thesnow.7. As she couldn’t use a computer, shedidn’t get the job.8. Since there was a bus strike, most peo-ple came to work late.9. After entering the classroom, he talkedto his teacher.10. Before going away, I waved to myparents.

Rua da Torrinha, 228 – 3.º4050 – 610 Porto

14th November 200-Dear Tom,

I was glad to hear that you’re going tospend your next summer holiday in Portugal.I know that you’d like to learn a bit of Por-tuguese before you come, which seems to bea very good idea. It’s always useful to be ableto understand and speak the language whenwe go to a foreign country. This way, we won’tdepend on the others or go through embar-rassing situations.

Anyway, your parents told me that you’vealready bought a ‘Teach Yourself’ book, whichprobably has useful language for everydaylife in English and Portuguese. However, Ithink that you may have some problems un-derstanding the Portuguese translation, sincethere are some differences between the twolanguages. Both the writing system and thepronunciation differ from the English onesand grammar rules are perhaps more diffi-cult.

Nevertheless, I’m sure you can learn thelanguage by yourself. However, it might be agood idea to buy a cassette course so thatyou could learn how to pronounce thewords. It’s an easy and cheap way of learninga new language and it’s usually very effective.

Another thing I would suggest is tuninginto radio broadcasts to get used to the Por-tuguese sounds. Besides, I can also send yousome magazines or Portuguese books for be-ginners if you need them.

Well, that’s all for now. Do let me knowwhen you’re coming to Portugal. In case youneed any further advice, drop me a line.

Hope to hear from you soon.

Best wishes,

Maria João



ANSWER KEY


202

1. 1. email; 2. conference; 3. education; 4. advertising; 5. tourists; 6. translation;7. law; 8. trip; 9. meeting; 10. foreigner;11. client; 12. company; 13. film

2. 1. b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a; 5. b; 6. a; 7. a; 8. b; 9. b;10. a; 11. b; 12. a

1. 1.True.2. False. About 400 million people speakEnglish as their first language.

3. False. There are more speakers ofAmerican English.

4. False. English is an official language inthose countries but not the first lan-

guage.

5.True.

2. 1. providing2. growing3. apart from4. foreign5. estimated

3. 1. the reader2. about 400 million people who speakEnglish as their first language around

the world

3. people

4. 1. finished; 2. few; 3. badly; 4. unable;5. later; 6. disadvantages

5. 1.About 70 countries use English astheir official or co-official language.

2. It is estimated that there are about 1billion people learning English as a for-

eign language.

3. English is used in commerce, science,education, the media and it’s also the

language of youth culture, which ex-

plains its prominent position in the

world.

1. 1.will give2. comes/is coming3.Will you take; go4.will get; doesn’t go5.won’t be; go6.will miss; doesn’t hurry7.Will/Do you mind; uses8. am; don’t wait9.wear; won’t get10.Will your mother get; arrive

2. 1. calls; 2. arrive; 3. answer; 4. don’t post;5.make; 6. give; 7. don't disturb

3. 1.had; 2. found; would give; 3.would be;were; 4. wasn’t/weren’t; wouldn’t be; 5. would buy; knew; 6. would watch;there was; 7. could; would help

4. 1.would you change2. didn’t like; would you do3.Would they come; asked4. didn’t have; would you go5.Would you do; asked6. saw; would you call7.were; would you get

5. 1. If I were a rich man, I could help thepoor.

2. If he could speak English, he would geta good job.

3. They would go to Spain if they neededto learn Spanish.

4. If I ruled the world, I could make it abetter place.

5. I would visit the cathedral if I had time.6. If we had more money, we would goabroad this summer.

7.Unless she wants this magazine, I’llthrow it away.

8. I wouldn’t go with you if I were busy.9.Unless you wear a raincoat, you’ll catcha cold.

10. If you don’t remind me, I’ll forget topay the electricity bill.

11.Unless you give the dog a bone, itwon’t go away.



1.3. THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE


ANSWER KEY


203

12. If she doesn’t go to bed early, she’llget up late.

13. If you don’t use a strong nail, thepainting will fall.

14.Unless you put more sugar in thecake, she won’t like it.

15. She’ll be very sad unless you call her.

1. 1. d; 2. a; 3. f; 4. b; 5. h; 6. i; 7. e; 8. j; 9. c;10. g

2. 1. c; 2. e; 3. d; 4. b; 5. a

DO YOU SPEAK ENGLISH?

It is not by chance that the title of this articleis so obviously inspired by the prominentrole that English has played all over the globefor some time now. Although English is notthe language with the greatest number ofnative speakers in the countries of the Euro-pean Union (nor worldwide), its importancefor communication is constantly growing.

Currently, knowing English can help makecontact with people from other countries,make travel easier and can lead to interestingand rewarding careers. When job openingsare scarce, a second language can open newdoors. If your curriculum vitae includes know-ing English, it may increase your chances ofgetting the job you want.

Technology has come a long way, andwith it, English may be more necessary. TheInternet allows people everywhere to com-municate, and this technology has broughtcultures closer, "shrinking" the world. Com-munication is more important than ever nowthat so many cultures are intertwined. AndEnglish is still the language that almosteverybody understands.

Moreover, as always, if you are travellingto another country, it is almost essential toknow at least some English phrases. Sometravel for a hobby or a holiday while othersmust travel internationally for business, buteither way, knowing English comes in handy.

In conclusion, there are many reasons toconsider knowing the 21st century linguafranca, that is, English. And language learningcan even be fun (immersion in the present--day language is often the best way to learn).It may help you deal with your everyday life,make your world experiences more enjoy-able and easier, and may even end up beingyour career!

1. 1. False. He’s the youngest of the family.2. False. His father died of a heart attackin August 1992.

3. False. He was 19 when he graduatedfrom high school.

4.True.5. False. He did a degree in film direction.

2. 1. caught the eye2.wit3. sequel4. assured

3. 1.…became a film star/famous.2.…has already taken part in variouspopular films/has been very successful.

4. 1.His sweet Texan charm and wit, hisgreat character acting ability and hisgood looks have been very importantto his great success.

2. Suggestions – Yes, I would, because Ilike acting and I could earn a lot ofmoney. Besides, I’d be popular in manycountries. / No, I wouldn’t, because thiscareer has never attracted me. Besides,famous stars can’t have a private life.Although they can earn a lot ofmoney, there’s always a price to pay forfame. When our family is involved, Idon’t think fame is worth the price.

5. 1. grew up; 2. graduated; 3. ran; 4. at-tended; 5. discovered; 6. knew; 7. had; 8.exploded; 9. has starred; 10. attracts

6. 1. If you spoke perfect English, youwouldn’t have to do these exercises.

2. You’d make friends if you were more

FIRST EVALUATION TEST PÁG. 47



ANSWER KEY


204

sociable.3. After having spent a year in Australia,Matthew attended the University ofTexas in Austin.4. The project had to be abandoned dueto lack of support.

7.Jude Law

David Jude Law was born on December 29,1972 in London, UK. He is 1.83m tall and wasborn under the influence of the Sun in Capri-corn. He is famous for being a popular actorand a less-known fact about him is that he isa vegetarian.

Jude Law started acting with the NationalYouth Music Theatre at the age of 12. Then, in1990 he dropped out of school completely, tostar in a Granada daytime TV Soap calledFamilies. After that, in 1992 he began hisstage career, starring in many plays through-out London. In 1997, he co-starred in his firstbig-name movie called Gattaca, with UmaThurman and Ethan Hawke. Finally, in 1999he rose to fame because of The Talented MrRipley, in which he plays Matt Damon’s obses-sion.

Jude Law has also appeared in the filmsCold Mountain in 2003 and Closer in 2004. Heearned a high salary to play in both of them.

1.

2. Technological innovation can have somedisadvantages such as the increase inunemployment, due to the substitutionof men by machines. As for personal rela-tions, people tend to dedicate too muchtime to the computer, the internet, andto forget social life.

3. (1) patient; (2) miles; (3) telemedicine; (4)access; (5) geographic boundaries; (6)monitors; (7) telecommunications; (8)computerised; (9) real time; (10) send;(11) x-ray; (12) reviewing; (13) examine;(14) report; (15) diagnosis; (16) follow-up.

1. 1.…comes from the Czech “robota”.2.…was the first to use the word “robot-ics” in his short story “Runaround”.

3.…in many areas.4.…faster and more accurate.

2. 1. people; 2. robots; 3. repetitive work

3. 1. Robots were given that name becausethey do the hard and boring work hu-mans don’t want to do. The word “rob-ota” meant “forced labour”.

2.Robots are machines programmed todo whatever tasks we want them to do.Therefore, we can program them to ex-plore the ocean, to perform a surgery,to locate and destroy mines, etc.

3. Suggestion – I think my idea changed,because when someone talked aboutrobots, I used to imagine a human-likemachine, walking and talking, as we seein movies. A robot can be very differentfrom a human and can do things I hadnever imagined.

4. 1. present simple, negative form2. future simple, negative form3. conditional, negative form4. past simple, passive voice

5. 1. fictionalise2.materialise3.water4. inform5. entertain


MEDICINE POLICE ENTERTAINMENT

New methods ofinvestigation,diagnosis andtreatment

New methodsofinvestigation

New forms ofentertainment:digital films,video andcomputergames,simulators

WORK TRANSPORT COMMUNICATIONS

Machines dothe mostdifficulttasks;increase inproduction

Faster andmorecomfortablemeans oftransport

More efficient meansof communication;easier access toinformation


2.1 TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

ANSWER KEY


205

1. 1. I’ll carry them for you.2. I’ll call an ambulance.3. I’ll get you a glass of water.4. I’ll call the mechanic.5. I’ll help you with the washing up.6. I won’t forget it.

2. 1.will probably go2. is going to build3.will take4. are having 5. begins6.won’t start7. am meeting8. Is Paul going to apply9.Will you come10.will be playing

3. 2.The train arrives at 11.20.3. I am going to an interview for a job onWednesday morning.

4.You will have three children.

4. 1. general reference2. future reference3. general reference4. future reference5. present reference6. future reference

1. uncountable / uncountable / countable /uncountable / uncountable / countable /uncountable / uncountable / countable /uncountable.

2. 1. much; 2. many; 3. much; 4. little; 5.many; 6. few, many, much, many

3. 1. students; 2. players; 3. sheep; 4. peo-ple; 5. ships; 6. criminals; 7.wolves

ESSAY: My personal robot

In the future I will have a personal robot to bemy partner and to help me. It will identify my face and my voice, as well

as other well-known faces and voices. Conse-quently, when someone it knows arrives atthe door, it will open it; otherwise, it will makea signal and won’t open the door. It will beable to say some words like “hello”, “OK”, “bye”,“yes”, etc. It will react to people’s activity, so itwill dance when we dance, it will work whenwe work, it will play football when we do andso on, unless we say “no”.It will defend us in case of attack and respondto the order “help”. It will grab the attackerand won’t let him go until it is told to.It will accompany me wherever I go and itwill carry my belongings. In the plane it willgo with the bags, to take them and to bringthem back.I think the future will be great with this newfriend!

1

2. 1. digital; 2. robotics; 3. Genetically; 4. repetitive; 5. computerised; 6. devel-opment; 7. shopping; 8. Technological; 9.socially; 10. familiar; 11. working; 12. ris-ing

3. Os ficheiros MP3 são ficheiros de com-putador que contêm músicas de quali-dade quase tão boa como aquelas quese compram em CD. São também sufi-



2.2 SOCIAL CHANGES



ANSWER KEY

NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB

family familiarise familiar familiarly

rise rise rising

gene/genetics genetic genetically

digit/digital digitise digital digitally

communication communicate communicative communicatively

computer//computation

computerise computerised

repetition repeat repetitive repetitively

society socialise social socially

heaviness heavy heavily

work work working

education educateeducative//educational

educationally

relation relate related/relative relatively


206

cientemente pequenos para serem facil-mente transportados entre dois com-putadores. Normalmente os ficheiros desom são muito grandes, mas os MP3usam tecnologia de compressão especialpara reduzir o tamanho desses ficheiros.Estes aparelhos revolucionaram o mundoda música e todas as crianças e adoles-centes têm um.

1. 4 – 6 – 2 – 1 – 3 – 5

2.1 background / blockbuster / spaceship /broomstick / three-dimensional / ghost-buster / fellowship.

2.2 fundo / grande sucesso / nave espacial /vassoura / tridimensional / caça-fantas-mas / irmandade.

3. 1. CGI can create very different things,from people and strange creatures toscenes, landscapes and all one can imag-ine.2. Yes, CGI is used in almost all modernHollywood movies.3. You can add or omit details to improvethe scenes. For example, if the actress does-n’t cry in a sad moment, later on CGI canadd the tears.4. Suggestion – I think Steven Spielbergis the living proof that everything youcan imagine can be put on a moviescreen. Spielberg’s movies include manyspecial effects in order to realize hisideas.

4. 1. completely, fully, simply.2. widely / magically /possibly / usefully/crucially / handily / specially.

5. 1. ordinal number; 2. adjective; 3. adjec-tive; 4. verb; 5. pronoun

1. (1) appeared; (2) needed; (3) didn’t have;(4) was; (5) was; (6) made; (7) had; (8)were; (9) built; (10) was; (11) invented;

(12) were sending; (13) opened.

2. 1. didn’t go2.was waiting3.Did …know4. had5.was parking6.Were …looking

3. 1. arrived / were having2. didn’t notice / was wearing3.met / was travelling4.were playing / reprimanded5.was walking / saw6. left / was shining7.was reading / came8. did you tell / were you thinking

4 1. I was making dinner when shephoned.2. While Peter was working, his son wasstudying.3. When I was driving home, I found alost dog.4. She was still packing when the taxi ar-rived.5. I didn’t see him because it was rainingvery heavily.6. She was already sleeping when herhusband arrived.

1. 1. Do… have; 2. will; 3. can’t; 4. Shall; 5.might; 6. should; 7. Can; 8.must

2. 1.Mary may be doing overtime.2. I was able to go to university.3. They ought to think very well beforeacting.

4.You mustn’t smoke here.5.You can’t see it at this distance.6.Anne might not have seen the mes-sage.

7. You should study more to pass theexam.

8. She could play the piano when shewas only four.

3. 1. can/may 6. can/may2. can’t/may not 7. have to




ANSWER KEY


207

3. have to 8. have to4. should 9.would5. could 10. can

FILM REVIEW – Jurassic Park

On a small island off the coast of Costa Ricaexists a most unusual animal preserve by thename of Jurassic Park. Operated by dinosaurlover John Hammond (Richard Attenbor-ough), Jurassic Park is the first of its kind. Itspopulation of creatures includes bra-chiosaurs, dilophosaurs, tricerotops, velocirap-tors, and a Tyrannosaurus Rex, which havebeen cloned using the latest technology thattakes DNA from dinosaur-biting prehistoricinsects preserved in amber, and uses the DNAfor the re-creation. When the consortiumfunding Jurassic Park become concerned thatall is not as it should be, Hammond is forcedto call in three experts: palaeontologist DrAlan Grant (Sam Neill), his partner, paleo-botanist Dr Ellie Sattler (Laura Dern), and thebrilliant-but-cynical mathematician Dr IanMalcolm (Jeff Goldblum). When they arrive atJurassic Park, they are astonished by what itrepresents. It doesn’t take long, however, forastonishment to turn to horror.First of all, given the current state of technol-ogy, the situation shown in Jurassic Park can-not happen. However, the special effects helpus imagine that the dinosaurs are real. Unfor-tunately, the story isn’t as good as its execu-tion. Its biggest weakness is characterisationand screen adaptation.Jurassic Park is, reduced to its most basiclevel, a monster movie. Nevertheless, I doubtthat there are many who will see the moviefor its characters or story. Crowds will flow tothe cinemas to see the humans against thebig, bad dinosaurs. In the end, Jurassic Parksucceeds because it’s good entertainment.

1 Across1. space exploration; 2. crew; 3. cosmos;

4. earth; 5. planetDown6. NASA; 7. telescope; 8. ET; 9. UFO; 10. spaceship

2 (1) UFO; (2) phenomenon; (3) sightings;(4) Worldwide; (5) incomplete; (6) investi-gate; (7) records; (8) Europe; (9) dirigibles;(10) searchlights; (11) manoeuvres; (12)landings.

1. 1. False. “Well, I hardly know where to be-gin, to paint for you a word picture ofthe strange scene before my eyes…”

2. True. “The metal on the sheath is…well, I’ve never seen anything like it.”

3. True, “… it’s indescribable”, “the thing”,“like a serpent”.

4. True. “Now the whole field’s caughtfire. The woods… the barns… the gastanks of automobiles… it’s spreadingeverywhere.”

2. 1.To describe it in a particular way.2. This is the most frightening thing Ihave ever seen.

3. 1.He compared it all to a scene of theArabian Nights because it was sostrange and unbelievable, just like amovie passing in front of his eyes.

2. The Martians were very ugly big mon-sters, with tentacles, serpent-like eyesand saliva falling from their lips.

3. (Real end of the story) Forty people,Carl Philips included, were killed bythe fire but it was finally controlled.The aliens went back to their ship. Thecounty was placed under martial law,so that no one could enter. Eight bat-talions of infantry surrounded the ob-ject. In a speech, the Secretary of theInterior asked for calm. However, otheralien spaceships started arriving andinvading cities, including New York.Many cities were evacuated, but thepeople were killed, houses destroyed,planes crashed. When Professor Pier-son left his hiding place, he saw no




2.3 EXPLORING NEW WORLDS

ANSWER KEY


208

one alive, only wrecked cars and build-ings, blackened skeletons, dead ani-mals. Eventually he found a man. Hehad a plan for the remaining people tolive underground, spy on the Martiansand maybe get some of their heat raysmachines to fight them back. But Pro-fessor Pierson refused to live like that.He wandered through New York andsurprisingly started seeing bodies ofMartians eaten by black birds. Later,when their bodies were examined inlabs, it was found that they had beenkilled by bacteria, against which theirsystems were unprepared. Life onEarth returned to normal.

4. 1. crowd; 2.war; 3. news; 4. small

5. 1. past simple; 2. future simple, old-fash-ioned form; 3. present perfect; 4. presentcontinuous

6. 1. the listener; 2. the metal; 3. curiousspectators; 4. the thing’s body

1. expensive / dramatic / hungry / nervous/ interesting, interested / drinkable / use-ful, useless / academic / logical / famous /comfortable / competitive / surprising,surprised / scientific / careful, careless /comprehensible.

2. imprecise / unemployed / non-refund-able / inconvenient / disobedient / illiter-ate / irrelevant / invisible / impatient / il-legible / independent / unnecessary /disloyal / impure / non-linear / irrational.

3. 1. interested; 2. surprising; 3. horrified; 4. disappointing; 5. fascinating; 6. fasci-nated

4. 1. generous; 2. familiar; 3. selfish; 4. im-portant; 5. creative; 6. absent; 7. inconsis-tent; 8. careless; 9. frequent; 10. obedient

1 1. a large circular pool of water2. the booming European car industry

3. an interesting old French painting4. four red metal kitchen chairs5. a wonderful new face cream6. a pretty little star-shaped flowerbed

NARRATIVE TEXT – UFO sighting

One evening in November 1989, my wife andI were sitting in our open back yard patiohoping to observe the fire trail of a launchingat Cape Kennedy, which could be visible un-obstructed, as we reside on a lake. For reasonunknown, we did not see the flame trail andwere returning to the house. Suddenly, mywife became very excited and pointed to-wards the Eastern sky. Approaching us east to west from theocean/Fort Lauderdale area was a strange fly-ing vehicle. It was moving very quickly at alow altitude and turning southwest directlytowards our home. We both observed a verylarge triangle or arrowhead shaped craft sur-rounded by a haze at approximately a mile.As it passed above us, it made no sound. Itwas completely silent. Clearly visible wereseven circular white lights, on the underside,beginning at the nose, and evenly spaced to-wards the rear. It disappeared from view, go-ing towards the Everglades. I build model air-craft as a hobby, and this vehicle was notshaped like anything I have ever seen, includ-ing the stealth F-117, or the B2 bomber.We mentioned this incident to several of ourfriends and neighbours immediately, butthey expressed no interest. Then, we decidedto contact the National UFO Reporting Cen-ter. We were curious to know if other peoplehad observed the same.

1. Tokyo / 126 million / leading economy ofAsia and second largest in the world /temples, geisha girls, Kabuki theatre andbowing monks / minicomputers, hi-techmobile phones, computer games, fasttrains and automatic doors.

SECOND EVALUATION TEST PÁG. 89




ANSWER KEY


209

2. 1. Tokyo; 2. Japan’s; 3. new digital anima-tions and higher resolutions

3. 1. The Japanese are very keen on their tra-ditions, such as their temples, religion, cul-ture, but they are also fond of technology.That’s why it is one of the most developedcountries in the world.2. Japan suffered death and destructionduring the Second World War, includingthe atomic bombs dropped on Hi-roshima and Nagasaki, but it has beenable to recover and develop veryquickly.3. Sony and Nintendo have contributedto Japan’s economic progress with theirgame technology. They have been creat-ing more and more perfect games thathave spread throughout the world.

4. 1. d 2. b 3. e 4. c 5. a 6. f

5. Osaka, Tokyo, Hiroshima and Kobe.

6. 1. modern; 2. simple; 3. smallest; 4. pas-sive; 5. real; 6. slow

7. 1. must; 2. May/Can; 3. can’t; 4. didn’thave to; 5.mustn�t; 6. should; 7. couldn�t;8. shouldn�t

8. 1. didn’t see; 2. didn�t come; 3. was; 4. Didyou go; 5.went; 6.was; 7. visited; 8. started;9. had; 10.was listening; 11. remembered;12. made; 13. caught; 14. were lying; 15.poured; 16.was; 17.was.

9. 1.The Japanese are very creative.2.We have to start work at 8 o’clock.3.Yesterday I couldn’t do my homework.4. She bought a very nice, big, black car.5. I am getting married in June.6. I was working all day yesterday.

10. Composition: The house of the future

In the future, houses will have all types ofsensors that will allow motion detection,temperature gauging, lighting, air-condi-tioning and heating control.When I open the door of my house, myfavourite music will greet me and the

lights will automatically turn on as I walkfrom room to room.It will be warm in the winter and cool inthe summer. I will get some fresh drinkfrom the fridge and the fridge’s computerwill add that drink to the list of necessaryitems. As I look at the TV, it will turn on. My house will predict my needs and willadjust conditions accordingly. Theshower will start when my presence isdetected and with a temperature ac-cording to my preference. The new mi-crowaves will work alone, according tothe type of food. When I go to bed, I willchoose between calm music and story-telling to help me fall asleep.

1. 1. nature programme2. soap opera3. documentary4. news5. comedy6. cartoon7. talk show8. sports programme9. series

2. 1. d 5. h2. g 6. e3. a 7. c4. b 8. f

3 1. h 4. a2. j 5. i3. f 6. l

N S CN A T U R E P R O G R A M M E

W A RC S P T T

D O C U M E N T A R Y O AM O O LE P N KD S E R I E SY R S

A HOW

S P O R T S P R O G R A M M E


3.1. MEDIA EVOLUTION

ANSWER KEY

AEPTIN10-14


210

7. e 10. c8. g 11. b9. k 12. d

4 1. cable; 2. channels; 3. commercials; 4.matches

1 1. “Heavy TV use can also take time awayfrom physical activity.”2.“This "person" is created by using bodydoubles, airbrushing, and computer-graphics techniques.”3.“…researchers are finding that violencein other media impacts children andteens in many of the same harmful ways.”

2 1. b; 2. a; 3. c; 4. c; 5. b

3 1.…behave aggressively.2.…real-world violence as normal be-haviour.

3.…as a mean and scary place.4.…may come out only in adolescence.

4 1. It deals mainly with violence on TV, al-though it also mentions violence inother media.2. Suggestion – Parents need to setlimits and be actively involved with theTV programmes and other media thatchildren use. But this is only one step inhelping TV play a positive role in chil-dren's lives, because children’s pro-grammes are sometimes violent andparents aren’t always there to stop theirchildren from watching them. So theyshould help develop the skills to ques-tion, analyse, and evaluate them. This iscalled media literacy or media educa-tion.

1. 1. Could you turn up the volume?2. Could you turn it down?3. Could you turn up the colour?4. Could you turn/switch (over) to a dif-ferent channel?

5. Could you turn/switch off?

1. had been2. hadn’t been feeling3. had never seen4.Had you ever visited5. had been singing6. had been7. had had8. had been sleeping9. had been10. had been looking for11. had already left12. hadn’t starred13. had been helping14. hadn’t started15. had Mary been learning16. hadn’t practised17. had finished18. had been cycling19. had won20.Had the plane taken off

Is TV news biased?By law, television news must treat contro-versial subjects with due accuracy and im-partiality. According to recent surveys, themajority of the population regard televisionas their most trusted source of information,which makes it even more important thattelevision remains impartial.

However, there are some TV channelsthat support a political party and sometimesthey twist the facts in order to convey themin the interests of those in power. This nor-mally results in alternative views not beingshown on television as often as they shouldbe – if at all.

Besides, as the various channels want toincrease their number of viewers, they broad-cast sensational stories about people’s per-sonal lives instead of offering good-reportsand well-argued opinions, which may misin-form the public.

In conclusion, although the freedom ofthe press must be protected, journalistsshould try hard to give unbiased opinionsand write impartial news stories.





ANSWER KEY


211

1. Headlines1. b; 2. a; 3. c; 4. a2. Suggestion – The second one becauseI like cats and I’d like to know why theybecome obese.

3. Suggestion – “Secrets of eternal youthidentified”

2 What’s the word?1. home news2. international news3. exclusive story4. editorial

3 1. b 4. a2. c 5. f3. e 6. d

4 1. surfing2. television3. group4.week5. books

1 1. to do the same thing2. (phr. v.) to look for and find3. to move in a particular direction4. enormous5.made available to the public

2 1. It’s about the impact of fiction, mainlyfilms, on people’s choice of holidaydestination.

2. Because they want to visit the loca-tions where the film is set.

3.Places are easier to access as a result ofthe development in means of transport.

4. It’s one of several locations in the bookand film The Da Vinci Code.

5.When the first of the Lord of the Ringstrilogy was released.

6. They showed that 27 per cent out of1,000 people were interested in visit-ing a country after being inspired by afilm or book.

7. Suggestions– Yes, it has. The Lord of the Rings mademe dream about those amazing filmsets and I hope my dreams will cometrue in the near future.

– No, it hasn’t. Fiction doesn’t influencemy choices.

3 1. B; 2. C; 3.A

11. Ray said he was going to watch the news

that night.2. He said before a football match on TV, he

chased his little brother out of the livingroom.

3. Mike explained he wouldn’t go out thatnight because he wanted to watch TV.

4. My mother told me she wouldn’t lendme her laptop because she needed it.

5. Jason said he might bring someone withhim to the party.

6. John said his girlfriend had gone withhim to the theatre the day before.

7. Craig said he had drunk an orange juicebefore I arrived.

8. He told me he had worked there since he(had) left his job.

9. She refused to come to the party!10. My boyfriend said he had been waiting

for me for about an hour.11. Mrs Carling told the students to meet her

at the airport at ten o’clock.12. Andy begged Maggie to close the door

because it was very cold there.13. The thief ordered me to give him the

money.14. Mrs West asked us not to be late because

the train left at 9.00.15. Liz told me not to worry because we had

plenty of time.16. Susan asked if she could make a phone

call.17. Paul asked her if he should buy that

video game.18. The receptionist asked me how old I was.19. Paul asked John when he was leaving

the office.




3.2. THE PRESS

ANSWER KEY


212

20. The teacher asked us who was going toLondon.

21. I met an old friend in Dublin and heasked me why I was there.

22. He asked me if I wanted to come with him.23. Peter asked me where I had gone the

weekend before.24. My brother asked me if I had finished

reading that magazine.25. Wanda asked Walter how long he had

lived there.26. My little sister asked me why I was study-

ing History that day.27. Barbara asked me why I wanted to study

Spanish.28. Mark asked Gabrielle if she was going

with him.29. Tommy offered to carry Melissa’s bag.30. The teacher asked me how long I had

been working on that project.

11. to be2. to cut3. interfere4. to read5. alter6. to send7. to make8. do9. to worry10. to learn11. to get12. find13. start14. to protect

21. to buy 11. baking2. seeing 12. doing3. to be 13. to eat4. spending 14. drinking5. making 15. to go6. listening 16. to pass7. to do 17. to get8. writing 18. to go9. to do 19. to talk10. to say 20. not to tell

3. 2. Remind me to pay the electricity bill.3. I want you to meet her.4. I was warned not to trust strangers.5. They invited me/us to come and staywith them for the weekend.

6. The robbers forced us to give themour mobile phones.

7.Our teacher allows us to use the dic-tionary in the tests.

‘Reading’ dog has family post licked

By Neil Tweedie

A dog owner believes her pet has developedthe ability to sort and deliver letters, appar-ently by “reading” the names of the people towhom they are addressed.

Denver, a five-year-old cocker spaniel, col-lects the mail as it drops through the door ofhis home in Barnoldswick, North Yorks, andthen takes it to the various members of hisowner’s family.

The spaniel, trained as a Disability Assis-tance Dog, had already learned to do theshopping, gather up clothes for the washingmachine, respond to the telephone, and col-lect newspapers.

Denver was supposed to take all the mailto his owner, Jeannie Crangle, who is con-fined to a wheelchair. But he began to distin-guish between her name and those of herboyfriend and carer, Timothy Johnson, andson, Peter Hurst, a soldier.

Miss Crangle, 45, said: “Denver is brightand does a lot of the chores but reading themail was one thing he was not trained to do.”She believes he can distinguish between thelengths of the names.

The Daily Telegraph



ANSWER KEY


213

1. d; 2. f; 3. a; 4. g; 5. i; 6. k; 7. b; 8. e; 9. c;10. h; 11. j; 12. n; 13. o; 14. m; 15. l.

1. 1.Around 164 minutes.2. 148 minutes.3. 41 days.4.Two thirds.5. 1,100 people.6.A little more than 10 years ago.7.More than 1 billion people.

2. 1. I – to perform the actions that allowyou to begin using a computer system2. I – turning on3. C4. C5. I – increase6. C

3. 1. It’s about the results of a survey con-ducted on behalf of the search engineGoogle, which shows that the Britishspend more time surfing the web thanwatching television.

2. Because the Internet can be used fordifferent purposes, including watchingtelevision and video, reading webpages and listening to the radio.

3. Because broadcasters and technologycompanies move ever closer towardsconverging with each other.

4. It means the British are increasinglyswitching on their computer screensinstead of their TV sets.

4. 1. rise 4. the start2. to grow 5. switch… on3. viewers 6. conducted

1 1. who/that 8.which/that2.which/that 9.who/that3.whose 10.which/that4. – 11.whose

5. where 12. –6. – 13. –7.who/that 14. –

1 1. She’s the flight attendant whose hus-band works in a hospital.2. Thank you very much for the presentyou sent to me on my birthday.3. Maths is a subject I’ve always beengood at.4.This is the book I bought yesterday.5. That’s the health club I told you aboutyesterday.6. A nurse is a person whose job is totake care of sick people.7. He works in a factory that/which sellscomfortable shoes. 8. The boy who called me is my bestfriend.9.Mike, who lives on the first floor, is veryhandsome.10. I need a document that/which has‘important’ written at the top.11. People who live in shantytown areasare often very poor.12. The teacher showed us a book that//which was written thirty years ago.13. The restaurant that/which is spaciousand clean is in the town centre.14.Who was that girl you were talking toat the meeting?15. There is 24-hour room service, whichprovides an excellent selection of snacksand drinks.

Virtual friends are not for me A virtual friend might be a good friend forothers, but not for me. When I connect with avirtual friend who expresses his or her idea, Idon't know if the idea is real or not. So, in myopinion, a virtual friend is just for fun.

Maybe you can make some new friendsthrough the Internet, computer chatrooms,and e-mail. I think the advantage is that youcan express something weighing on yourmind, no matter what it is, to let out your


3.3. THE INTERNET AND GLOBALCOMMUNICATIONS





ANSWER KEY


214

emotions and not have to care about whothe person is.

However, the disadvantage is when youtell something to a virtual friend and wantthem to help you to solve a problem, theymay not be serious or care about you. Itmight also be risky because the person whoyou chat with might not be a good person, sobe careful while you are chatting with astranger.

1 1. e; 2. a; 3. d; 4. b; 5. c

2 1.Open 3.Wait2. Click 4. read

3 1. privacy 5. cameras2. snooping 6.watch3. Internet 7. company4. invasion 8. losing

1 1. True. “By the time the workshop wasover, I realized our rights to a private soci-ety are being taken away right from un-der our noses.”2. False. “I talked to some of my friendsabout privacy rights. I think they shouldbe more alarmed.”3. True. “Geocities (…) sold to outsidemarketers information solicited duringits registration process.”4. False. “There are websites where youcan find almost anyone in the UnitedStates.”5. False. “I took my information off thislist.”

2 1. overthrown2. nutty3. realized4. all of a sudden5. marketers6. solicited

3 1. Matt2. Americans’

3. the reader4. some of my friends

4 1. Some people are afraid of having theircountry overthrown by computers andtheir private lives taken away becausesome website decided to give them acookie. Matt thinks this idea is absurd, sohe decided to attend a workshop on pri-vacy rights.2. To send Internet users junk mail andhopefully get them to buy something.3. The difference between the whitepages and the Internet is that our per-sonal information can be found on vari-ous sites and we have to find them all ifwe want to take our information offthose lists.4. Suggestion – I think it’s wrong andwe should have a choice about havingour information sold. I don’t know whothey’re selling to or what informationthey’re selling. It could be a problem ifthey gave the wrong information to thewrong people. So, I’m worried about it.

5 1. private2. educational; educative (formal)3. occupied; occupational4. interested; interesting

1 1. If he hadn’t forgotten to come to theinterview, he would have got the job. 2. If I had done some part-time jobswhile I was at school, I would havegained some work experience.3. If William hadn’t broken into a house,he wouldn’t have gone to prison.4. It wouldn’t have been so expensive ifyou had come on the bus.5. If she hadn’t refused to go to the doc-tor, she would have got better.6.We would have passed if we had stud-ied.7. If he hadn’t broken his leg, he wouldhave gone out with us.8. He wouldn’t have broken his leg if hehadn’t fallen.




3.4. COMMUNICATION AND ETHICS

ANSWER KEY


215

9. If he hadn’t asked for a rise, he would-n’t have been fired.10. If she had worked harder, she would-n’t have lost her job.11. They wouldn’t have had an accidentif Tom hadn’t been speeding.12. If I had had enough money, I wouldhave bought the leather jacket.13.We wouldn’t have had a fight if Johnhadn’t been rude to me.14. If Sue hadn’t had bad grades, shecould have gone out with her friends.

2 1. If you visit our studio, you’ll meet nicepeople there.2. I could give you a lift home if my carhadn’t broken down.3. If my feet weren’t so big, I wouldn’thave a problem buying shoes.4. If you did a little more practice, youwould be a good pianist.5. If you didn’t need to improve yourEnglish, you wouldn’t have to do theseexercises.

1 1.Neither Peter nor Carol are at work.

2.We could go either by train or by car.

3. Neither drinking nor smoking is goodfor your health.

4. He will have not only to study hardbut also to concentrate to do well in theexam.

5. It might both rain and snow/eitherrain or snow tomorrow.

6. Both Stuart and John like travelling.

7. Both Peter and Paul were late forschool.

8. Bring either some fruit juice or somecakes to the party.

9. Both Rose and Jill have got red cars.

10. That man must be either Stuart orMichael.

2 1. logged 5.pled (Am.E); pleaded (Br.E)2. had been 6.was using

3. glanced 7.would you prove4. arrested 8. know

1 1. False. “The show brought ordinarywomen under public scrutiny for onepurpose – to propose to their significantothers on national television.”2. False. “Although the potential brideshad to answer very difficult questions,they were all rewarded with theirboyfriends’ consents to marriage.”3. False. “Now, what could have possessedthese women to bring such a privatematter into the public eye? It certainlycouldn’t have been the money”.4. True. “No, these women were willing tocompromise their dignity for 15 minutesof fame.”

2 1. ordinary 4. rewarded2. scrutiny 5. consents3. potential

3. 1. He thinks it’s the need for being richand famous and having fun.2. He believes it’s wrong, because it’s aprivate matter, so it shouldn’t be ex-posed.

4. 1.waiting; 2. to be; 3. to call

5 1. had been working; had worked2. had been crying3. have been waiting

6 1. Juliana asked herself why they hadsuch a nice site on the Internet if theycouldn’t help customers who were faraway.2. They told me they would deliver theCDs they had in stock and later send theothers.3. Peter reminded me to watch the newsthat night.4. If he hadn’t watched TV until midnight,he wouldn’t have been late for work.5. Mr Littmann, who is an obstetrician, isvery understanding.

THIRD EVALUATION TEST PÁG. 144


ANSWER KEY


216

7Reality TV showsThe production of reality TV shows has goneinto high gear because of Big Brother andSurvivor, which opened the doors to count-less others. In the beginning it was fine. Even Iused to watch a few of them, because theywere different, and I had to see what it was allabout. Now, it's just annoying because it's likereality shows have invaded the TV schedule.

Another thing that annoys me about real-ity TV is the contestants! I think that many ofthem hope to get discovered and think thatfor being on reality shows they will be fa-mous stars. Other players participate for theexperience or for the money. The contestantsdon't really appeal to me. Some of them willdo anything to win. I know it's a game andthey have to do what it takes, but to see themstoop to such a level is so sad.

And where's the plot in reality TV? Theway they act on TV is not the way they pre-sent themselves in real life. Besides, dialoguesare also poor. There isn't much that they'retalking about.

I hope the reality phase comes to a closereal soon so all the great shows can comeback. We don't get anything out of these pro-grammes. I've gained something from watch-ing shows with actors. I don't need reality TVto show me reality or bring reality to my life.It's already there.

1. chat rooms / real / meet up / don’t know

Adolescence / parents / grow up / opin-ions / valid / unheard

school day / curiosity / exams / in control

going out / boyfriend / understanding /rule / close friends

2. 1. 7; 2. at school; 3. kill themselves; 4. 25%; 5. fat ; 6. shoes

1. 1. “Not only has there been a huge in-crease in the amount of text messag-ing amongst young people…”

2. “… They certainly are a great safetyaid, so that we can let our loved onesknow where we are and when to ex-pect us home.”

3. “Getting a phone call or a text mes-sage implies an importance. Themessage is: Someone wants me. It isa great boost to the receiver’s self-es-teem and self worth.”

4. “Nine out of ten children now own aphone…”

2. 1.mobile phone2. the person who receives the call ormessage3. the increase in the number of textmessages4.most parents

3. 1. There has been a huge increase in theuse of mobile phones because they aredirectly related to the children’s self-es-teem. The more calls and messages theyreceive, the better they feel about them-selves.2. Parents are most willing to give theirchildren a mobile phone because it al-lows them to know where their childrenare, what time they will be back home; insum, they do it for safety reasons.3. Suggestion – I think the girl the textmentions has gone too far. She is com-pletely dependent on her phone, itseems to have become an addiction andan addiction is a disease.

4. 1. slowing down2. check3. own4. foreseen

5. 1. present perfect2. present continuous3. present simple, passive 4. past perfect continuous



4.1. YOUNG PEOPLE TODAY

ANSWER KEY


217

1. 1. on; 2. on; 3. of; 4. for; 5. with; 6. for; 7. for; 8. to

2. 1. do; 2. found; 3. gave; 4. took; 5. cut; 6.went; 7. let; 8.making

3. 1. come back2. come off3. came across her4. came upon5. came round6. come forward7. Come on!8. came over9. coming down10. come in

1. 1. during; 2.On; 3. at; 4. for; 5. since; 6. in

2. 1. at; 2. on; 3. on; 4. in; 5. behind; 6. on

3. 1. in; 2. from; 3. to; 4. at; 5. in; 6. outside;7. towards; 8. before; 9. into; 10. on; 11. after; 12. until.

DIARY PAGE

I don’t know what to think. I’m feeling so con-fused! Sarah, my best friend, has been avoid-ing me, I know. I’ve had good marks, I’vestarted dating Dave and now that everythingfinally seemed to be going so well, Sarahseems to be jealous…I sometimes go out with Dave and I don’t in-vite her; it’s normal for a couple to want to bealone together. But she doesn’t seem to un-derstand it. She has been hanging out withstupid Helen and she knows that Helen’sbrother is a bully. I hope he won’t bother meagain, like he did two years ago, when I didn’tinvite Helen for my birthday party. He wouldfollow me around, tease me, threaten me. For-tunately, Jim frightened him. That’s what olderbrothers are for! Anyway, I don’t know what todo about Sarah. I have to study for the Mathstest and I only think about her, together withthat Helen… At least I have Dave!

1.

2. A career as an actor requires one hun-dred per cent commitment.You don’t have to commit yourself now,just think about it.He is a committedmember of the team.

1.

2. 1. accomplishing; 2. walk all over some-one; 3. eccentric; 4. I’m never short


DAVID GABRIELLA

HOBBIES playing the guitar writing poetry

BIGGEST FEARlosing inspiration not accomplishing

her goals

BEST QUALITYbeing able to

express himself

through music

putting other

people’s feelings

before her own

WORST QUALITY his temperletting people walk

over her

RELATIONSHIPWITH PARENTS

good; some

arguments about

money and

smoking

good; some

arguments about

clothes

JOB painter swimming teacher

PLANS FOR THEFUTURE

being a famous

musician or a

minor league

baseball player

getting her PhD in

English; becoming

a published author

and an English

professor


NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE

work workworkable,

working

graduation/

/graduategraduate (graduated)

advice advise advisable

creation, creativity create creative

determination determine determined

commitment commit committed


4.2 YOUNG PEOPLE AND THE FUTURE



ANSWER KEY


218

3. 1. Gabriella likes teaching young chil-dren to swim and she likes reading andwriting poetry.2. She thinks being 16 has some disad-vantages, such as not being allowed tosee R-rated movies.3. She gets on with her parents most ofthe time, but they sometimes argueabout the eccentric type of clothes shelikes to wear.

4. 1.Where do you live?2. How long have you been studyingEnglish?3. Have you already decided about yourfuture career?4. How many books did you read lastmonth?5.Where will you go this summer?

5. 1. brotherhood; 2. motherhood; 3. com-panionship; 4. childhood; 5. neighbour-hood; 6. citizenship; 7. friendship; 8. fa-therhood

1. 2.Mark’s car is faster than Paul’s.3.This film is longer than that one.4. The red dress is cheaper than theblack one.5. David Beckham is more famous thanthe other players.6. This hotel is more comfortable thanthat one.

2. 2.David is taller than Melanie.3.David is heavier than Melanie.4. David’s clothes are more modern thanMelanie's.5.Melanie’s grades are better than David’s.6. Melanie’s parents are more conserva-tive than David's.

3. 1.more carefully2. the hottest3. the best4. lazier than5. the most hospitable6.more frequent7. farther8. bigger

9. older than10. the greatest11. older, elder, younger, younger, the

eldest

1. 1. The fire brigade was called (in order)to put out the fire.2. The President took four bodyguards toprotect him.3. Jane helped her sister with her home-work so that she could have goodgrades.4. Ann is learning English so as to travelabroad.5. Mary has got two jobs in order thather children can have good living condi-tions.6. The boys practise in the garage to be afamous band.

2. 1. In order not to wake the children up,they tried not to make any noise.2. So as to be elegant for the party, shebought a new dress.3. The firefighters were called to put outthe fire.4. He bought her a ring in order to askher to marry him.

1. Rua da Torrinha, 2544050-610 PortoPORTUGALTel (351) 223 393 900e-mail:[email protected] May 200…

Ms Sarah Parker (Name, if known)Professional Recruitment Services, Ltd.95 Victoria St. RoadBarchesterBarsetshire, BA4 8JHUNITED KINGDOM

Dear Ms Parker, In reply to your advertisement in the Portu-gal News of 12-5-2006 I am writing to applyfor the position of Receptionist in an interna-




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tional business insurance company. I live andwork in Vistadomar and I believe I have theright educational qualifications and experi-ence for the work.Last year I successfully completed my 12thyear of Education – approximately equivalentto A and AS levels in England – and my bestmarks were in German and English. (I speakGerman fluently, because I lived in Germanyuntil I was 12.) However, as my average markwas not high enough to start a degree in thelocal university and my family have littlemoney, I applied for a post in a five-star hotel,which offers a full range of business andtourist services. I have now been workingthere for nine months as a trainee receptionist,but, though my work has been up to standard,there is little chance that they will be able tooffer me a full-time post. However, the trainingand experience have provided me with usefuloffice skills such as computer operation andresponding promptly to international e-mail,fax and telephone messages, as well as com-municating in three languages with both ho-tel guests and travel and tourism profession-als. I am therefore looking for a newopportunity, preferably where I can deal withpeople and put my experience to good use,and I assume that an international insurancecompany can provide that. The hotel managerknows that I am writing this application, un-derstands my reasons and has agreed to pro-vide a reference. Details of my education andreferences can be found in the enclosed CV.I shall be pleased to attend for interview inPortugal or in Galicia (in Spain), but I shouldbe grateful if you could provide me with atleast one week’s notice of the time and loca-tion so that I may ask for leave of absencefrom my present post. I should also like toknow, if possible, the name and web addressof your client so that I may be fully informedof the company’s activities.I hope this application meets with your ap-proval.

Yours sincerely

Ana Maria CostaAna Maria Costa

1. 1. g; 2. e; 3. c; 4. d; 5. b; 6. j; 7. a; 8. h; 9. f;10. i

1. 1. didn’t raise much interest.2. comfortably and practically.3. have influenced fashion.

2. 1. d; 2. c; 3. b; 4. a; 3. 1. affordable; 2.mainstream; 3. scruffy

4. 1. expensive designer outfits2. fashion3. young people4. the hippies of the 1960s

5. 1. Before the 1960s, fashion was directedonly to women and only to those whocould afford very expensive and imprac-tical outfits.2. The hippies and the punks broughtvery different dress codes. The formerhad long hair and an informal style; thelatter were even more radical, usingshocking offensive types of clothes.3. The first sport to influence fashionwas surfing, with its comfortable cloth-ing; then, came the boom in extremesports like skateboarding and snow-boarding, which strongly influenced ur-ban fashion.

6. 1. past simple, negative form2. present perfect3. future simple4. present continuous

7. 1. verb; 2. preposition; 3. relative pro-noun; 4. indefinite pronoun; 5. verb

1. 1. Although; 2. in spite of; 3. In spite of; 4. although; 5.Although; 6. in spite of

2. 1.Although I liked the dress, I didn’t buy it.2. There was a lot of traffic; we arrived ontime, though.




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3. In spite of having taken/taking themedicine, I’m not feeling better.4. Despite the fact that it was cold, Ididn’t take my coat.5. Although I don’t speak Greek, I de-cided to go to Greece.6. In spite of the fact that the food wasn’tgood / In spite of the food not beinggood, we ate it.7. Although I had made many plans, thetrip went wrong.8. Despite seeing him every day, I’venever spoken to him.

3. 1. Although I’m afraid of flying, I’m goingto Japan.2. In spite of loving him, she doesn’twant to get married.3. Even though he’s been trying to quitsmoking, he hasn’t been able to.4. Despite the fact that the wage was low(Despite the low wage), he took the job.5. John is very rich; he doesn’t like spend-ing money, though.6. Kevin wants to change job, but hiswife refuses to.

1. 1. The Mona Lisa was painted byLeonardo Da Vinci.2. The Eiffel Tower was designed by Gus-tave Eiffel.3. James Bond was played by Sean Con-nery.4. Romeo and Juliet was written byShakespeare.5. The Pyramids were built by the An-cient Egyptians.6. Dynamite was discovered by AlfredNobel.7. The telephone was invented byAlexander Bell.

2. 1. Many plays were written by Shake-speare.2. Fashion has been influenced by music.3.That shop is going to be bought.4. The conflicts have been started byhim.

5. The murderer had already been dis-covered by the journalist.6.New solutions have to be found.7. The administration was being reor-ganised by the government.8.More planets will be discovered.9.Water is being used up.10. The ambulance wasn’t called.

3. 1. A bouquet of 25 roses was given toCelia.Celia was given a bouquet of 25 roses.2. John’s CV will be sent to several banks.Several banks will be sent John’s CV.3. Beautiful love letters have been writ-ten to him.He has been written beautiful love letters.4.The new computer was shown to me.I was shown the new computer.5. £300 has been paid to him up to now.He has been paid £300 up to now. 6.A beautiful story had been told to thechildren.The children had been told a beautifulstory.

4. 1. Excessive speed causes many acci-dents.2. They were cleaning the room when Iarrived.3. Ford made the first mass-producedcar.4.They didn’t offer Vicky the job.5. They have cleaned the streets everyday.6.They will check all passports.

ESSAY – The hippies and fashion

The hippie movement was most popular in the1960s and it rejected the type of comfortable,bourgeois lifestyle. The hippies had a relaxedway of looking at life and the world; theirlifestyle was based on free love, peace andcommunal living; they used drugs and pre-ferred types of music such as blues, folk andpsychedelic rock.All these attitudes were reflected in fashion.



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They created a distinct fashion that mockedmainstream culture. They had long hair and fullbeards. Many white people associated with the1960s counterculture and American CivilRights Movement wore their hair in afros inearnest imitation of African Americans. Theywore brightly-coloured clothes and unusualstyles, such as bell-bottom pants, tie-dyed gar-ments, dashikis, peasant blouses, and non-Western inspired clothing. Much of their cloth-ing was self-made in protest at Westernconsumer culture. Head scarves and long neck-laces, for both men and women, were also fash-ionable in addition to sandals.San Francisco’s legendary Woodstock Festi-val of August 1969 was the symbol of thismovement of “flowers in the hair”, peace andlove.

1. 1. c; 2. a; 3. e; 4.b; 5.d;

2. 1. a; 2.b; 3. a; 4. c

3. 1. Yes, the Olsen twins are beautiful, richand famous, which is what all theteenagers want for themselves. 2. When they were only four years old,they already made films. Sensing their pos-sibilities, an experienced businessman setup a company to control the twins as abrand.3. They try to have normal lives, like goingto school and studying hard, doing theirhomework and watching TV. However,fans following them everywhere and theirflourishing business make them very dif-ferent from a regular teenager.

4. 1. adverb; 2. adjective; 3. noun; 4.personalpronoun

5. 1. Fame and fortune have already beenachieved by the Olsen twins.2.They go to school in order to be normalteenagers.3.Ashley is the taller.4. In spite of being very rich, they remainhumble.5.Mary-Kate usually agrees with her sister.6.They live in California.

6. Composition

I wake up late and I ring a bell. The butlerbrings breakfast and some newspapers andmagazines. My picture is on the cover of maga-zine “Fame and Money”. Inside there are pic-tures of me in the living-room, in the balcony,near the pool. The article is about how I madeit. But my life before being one of the most fa-mous football players in the world seems veryfar away.I take a bubble bath and drive the new Ferrarito the stadium. There’s a meeting with all thestaff to plan the next season. Then we all havelunch at the fanciest restaurant in town. In theafternoon we practise and I get home by seveno’clock. Today I’m giving a party to celebrate our vic-tory in the championship. The guests start ar-riving at ten. Everybody is dressed elegantly,there’s live music, dancing, a lot of champagneand all types of food. When I go to bed, at 3a.m., I feel tired but happy.

1. 1. It’s a web page.2. The text is addressed to the generalpublic, especially students between theages of 15 and 21.3. It’s to inform about the programmes of-fered by the organisation Youth For Un-derstanding, the requirements we need toapply for them and their advantages.4. The text is written in an objective, fac-tual and fairly informal style.

2. 1. “Students need to be communicative,interactive, motivated, and outgoing, aswell as willing and able to face chal-lenges.”2. “Being a member of a host family in aforeign country is the most intensive wayof absorbing a new culture through partic-ipation in everyday life.”3. “Living outside of one's home countryoffers an objective view of the homecountry that will help students to partici-pate in and appreciate more consciouslytheir home countries.”

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4. “Contact the National Office in yourcountry to learn about the specific pro-grammes YFU has available for you!”

3. 1. are eligible; 2. outgoing; 3. willing; 4. challenges

4. SuggestionI would like to apply for a Community Col-lege programme in the US because I couldget post-secondary practical training,meet foreign students, make friends andimprove my English. Besides, Americancolleges offer various facilities, whichwould allow me to know American cul-ture, and America has always attracted me.

5. 1. am; 2. plucked up; 3. have found; 4. have become; 5.makes; 6. do; 7. proved;8. have always been taught; 9.written; 10.provide; 11.do not claim; 12.has stretched

6. 1. lived; 2. had; 3. could; 4. worked; 5.were; 6.didn’t; 7.didn’t; 8.wouldn’t

7. 1.As I had an interview, I left early.2. Conversations used to be entertain-ment, whereas now it’s a means of ex-changing information. 3. Mary’s definitely coming, but I don’tthink Harry can make it.4. I didn’t play badminton yesterday dueto the heavy rain.

8. 1. If I were you, I’d be more careful aboutwhat you say to her.2. Unless you take more exercise, youwon’t feel healthy.3. If he had the confidence, he would trybodyboarding.

9. Student exchangeWould you enjoy having a good time whilelearning English? It’s possible if you attendthe student exchange programmes inCanada, USA and Britain, where you canmake friends and improve your English. So,you may be interested to hear about a stu-dent exchange programme I took inCanada.

You can stay for 4-8 weeks, but you’d betterstay for 4 weeks, because you achieve your

goals and spend less time away from homeand your friends.

I shared a room with a Canadian student,so it was easier to integrate because he intro-duced me to all his friends and took me tosome really pleasant cafés and bars. However,in the evenings, there wasn’t much to do, butsometimes he organised parties, where Ilearned traditional games and watched horrormovies.

One of the greatest adventures of my lifewas when my newest Canadian friend decidedto camp in the Rocky Mountains, where I sawbig, brown and scary bears for the first time! Ialmost fainted when I saw them. Apart fromthis adventure, I stayed at my friend’s homeand his mum served us delicious meals, whichallowed saving money. Nevertheless, I had topay my travel costs, which were a bit more ex-pensive than I thought.

So, don’t let this opportunity escape fromyour hands and, believe me, it’ll be great.

1 1.… will spend their holidays on themoon.

2. … have already booked tickets for aspace trip.3. … won’t be tourist destinations soon.

2 1. Spaceship; 2. astronomical; 3. galactictourist; 4. in the foreseeable future

3 1.possible to reach by ordinary people2. very large amounts of money

4 1. According to the text, mere mortals willalso be able to travel in space becausetrips will be cheaper and the number ofdestinations will rise. If you don’t haveenough money to spend a week in space,you will probably be able to orbit theEarth.2. Space tourism involves risks, like the im-possibility of the people being ejected incase of damage. 3. You can feel the emotions of spacetravel without going to space. In Moscow,at the Cosmonaut Training Centre, youhave simulation flights at lower prices.

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5 1. I am going on a space trip next year.2. Saturn is a beautiful, big, bright planet.3.Mars is very distant/a long way from theEarth.4. The average man still can’t travel inspace.5. Yesterday, while Peter was working,George was lying on the beach.6.He won so much money in the lottery!

6 CompositionInterviewer: Hello, João. So, you’ve just re-turned from space. You were the first Por-tuguese student to experience such an in-novative trip. How do you feel about it?João: Now I understand Neil Armstrong’ssensation when he stepped on the moon! Ithink this type of trip is also “a giant leap formankind”. If more and more people havethe possibility to travel in space, they will re-alise more quickly how small we are andperhaps they will start living differently.Interviewer: How do you mean… differ-ently?João: Being more humble and tolerant,getting along, not making a fuss abouttheir small daily problems.Interviewer: So, where did you go pre-cisely?João:Well, we stayed a week in space. Wevisited the moon, then the ISS. I lovedthem both!Interviewer:How about the spaceship?João: It was great, not very big but com-fortable. Each traveller had his own roomwith everything he needed. Interviewer: The other passengers wereall students, right?João: Yes, there was a Frenchman, a Ger-man and an Italian woman. We all won thecontest for the trip.Interviewer: Did you have any type ofpreparation?João: Yes, we had three simulation flightsthe week before. We also put on our suitsto get used to them.Interviewer: A word to describe your ex-perience.João:Overwhelming.

1 1. … take their children to far away desti-nations.2. … it isn’t irresponsible to take a babybackpacking around the Atlas Mountains.3.… show their children the world’s mostwonderful places.4. … medical director at the Fleet StreetClinic in London.

2 1. minor; 2.hardship; 3. endure; 4. saw

3 1. It’s about the trend among parents totake their children to far away placesacross the globe.2. Uncomfortable journeys or mosquitobites are some of the disadvantages.3.They say seeing the world is educationaland they are thinking about their chil-dren’s best interests.4. The title is the question children nor-mally ask when they are tired of travelling,usually little time after leaving home.

4 1. the British; adults; 2. teenagers; 3. par-ents’; people’s

5 1. to take; 2. be; 3. expect; 4. explore; 5. towait; 6. going; 7. taking

6. 1. John Bevan, who is a company's traveldirector, thinks the British are well travelledand confident.2. Although children don't suffer the side-effects (nausea, etc) that afflict somegrown-ups, they can find taking medica-tion every day quite onerous.3. Judith Woods asked if they showedtheir teenagers the world's most dazzlingsights, what on earth would be left forthem to discover for themselves.4. The paediatrician advised Mary not totake her children to places where theremight be mosquitoes.5. If they had had their children vacci-nated, they wouldn’t have got sick.

7. Gossips chat for an hour a day at workBy

The reality of office life was laid bare yes-terday in a survey showing that staff

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spend more than 90 minutes a day gossip-ing, emailing and flirting.

While British employees may work thelongest hours in Europe, a significantamount of their time is spent exchangingtittle-tattle about colleagues, according tothe study of 2,000 people for Halifax ShareDealings.

In a typical working day, staff spend 55minutes gossiping, 16 minutes flirting, 14minutes surfing the net and nine minutesemailing friends and family.

The Daily Telegraph

1 1.“The primary reason most teenagers logon is to communicate with people of theirage group.”2. “Of course, the growing interest in theways in which teenagers use the Internethas a commercial motivation.”3.“Teens are showing the potential uses ofthe Internet beyond e-mail and visitingwebsites with a browser, says NoahYasskin. They flocked to Napster and areheavy users of communication applica-tions…”4. “Teens are likely to switch loyalties asnewer products enter the market…”

2 1. teenagers’; 2. companies’; 3. teenagers;4.global companies

3 1. Companies are attentive to teenagers’moves because they will launch their mar-keting campaigns according to their inter-ests.2. We can say that teens set many technol-ogy trends. They started text messaging,for example, which was afterwardsadopted by the adult community.3. Nowadays, teenagers don’t shop onlinevery often, but they will certainly be futureshoppers, because they are experiencedusers of the net and they will soon starthaving more money to spend.

4 1. c; 2. d; 3. f; 4. g; 5. b; 6. a; 7. e

5 1. Although companies benefit fromteenagers, they are not very loyal con-sumers.2. The Internet has been used for manypurposes.3. Teens adapt to technology more quicklythan adults.4. Companies do research on teens so asto study their interests.5.He is looking for information on the Net.6. Young people depend on the net tostudy and have fun.

6 CompositionI am a teenager. I am not a child anymore,but I am not an adult, either. I feel grown-up and I would like to be given more inde-pendence and responsibility, but everytime I want to do things my own way, I’mtold I am too young. On the other hand, if Itry to skip some chore, they tell me I’m oldenough to help. That’s really unfair!I would like to go out with my friendswithout telling where, I would like to see agood movie (not a twelve-year-old one), Iwould like to date whoever I please with-out giving any type of explanation, I wouldlike to start working because I would havemy own money, … There are so manythings I can’t do! And we are teenagersonly once, they tell me! What for? I amtreated like a child!But I love it when mum takes that hotcup of milk to me when I’m in bed!

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20090186 txt p001 016 - areal editores · 2010-09-15 · she met a lot of international students...

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