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Brand /Type Application Pressure gases page

Netzsch STA 409 PC (TG/DSC)

Simultaneous Thermal

Analysis,

Thermogravimetry,

Differential Scanning

Calorimetry

(moist) air, He, N2,

CO2, Ar2

Netzsch DSC 204 F1 Phoenix Differential Scanning

Calorimetry

(moist) air, He, N2,

CO2, Ar3

Sensys evo TG/ HP DSC

High Pressure Differential

Scanning Calorimetry,

Thermogravimetry

DSC: 100 bar air, N2 4

Mettler Toledo TGA 850 Thermogravimetry n.a. 5

Netzsch Dilatometer DIL 402 PC Dilatometry(moist) air, He, N2,

CO2, Ar6

Rubotherm Magnetic

Suspension Balance

Thermogravimetry, high

pressure100 bar

Steam, Ar, N2, H2,

CO2, NH3, CxHy7

Quantachrome Autosorb iQ-CSurface area, porosity,

chemisorptionvac. → atm.

N2, Ar, Kr, He, N2,

H2, NH3, CO28

Quantachrome He-pyknometerTrue density and volume

determinationsHe 9

Midac M4000 FTIR

Absorption and emissions

infrared spectrum

identifications

air, N2, Ar 10

Anton Paar Rheometer Physica

MCR 301

Shear viscosity, shear stress,

shear rate, shear moduli

determimation

n.a. 11

OmniStar GSD 320 O1 Mass

Spectrometer

Qualitative and quantitative

gas analysisn.a. 12

Mastersizer Hydro 2000S Particle Size Distribution n.a. 13

50°C → 800°C

-196°C → 1100°C

25°C

25°C

-40° → 200°C

350°C

25°C

Temp. range

25°C → 1500°C

-100°C → 700°C

25°C → 830°C

25°C → 1000°C

25°C → 1600°C

Page 2 of 13

Netzsch STA 409 PC (TG/DSC)

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Temperature range: from RT up to 1500°C

Cooling times: 1500°C .. 25°C: 45min, uncontrolled

Heating rates: max. 50 K/min possible; 20-30 K/min recommended

Atmosphere: air (moist, up to 15 mbar), N2, CO2, He, Ar

Crucible volume: 85µl – 3.4 µl

Furnace silicium carbide

Thermocouple: type S (Pt/PtHg)

With the Netzsch STA 409 PC it is possible to measure

weight change (as a result of evaporation,

decomposition, chemical reaction, etc.), simultaneously

with heat flow as a function of time or temperature. This

way weight change events can be coupled and

compared directly to endo-/exothermic events in one

measurement run. By connecting a Mass Spectrometer,

evolved gasses can be identified or known gaseous

components can be followed.

TG analysis can be used to analyze tire rubber chemistry,

determine the carbon black content of a master batch,

determine the composition of a cosmetic, understand

thermal stability of pharmaceuticals, find the triggering

temperature of a blowing agent, determine the melting

temperature of alloy solders, find the vapor pressure

curve for lubricants, etc. DSC heat flow measurements

are used for the simultaneous detection of thermal

events.

Page 3 of 13

Netzsch DSC 204 F1 Phoenix

Very high sensitivity and resolution can be

realized with this premium Differential

Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). With this

technique a heathflow from or to a sample

can be measured as a function of

temperature or time. This allows us to

determine virtually all thermal transitions

of a material, such as:

Melting and crystallization

Evaporation

Glass Transition Temperature

Chemical reaction (enthalpy)

Etc.

By using DSC the heat capacity of a material can be measured in a large thermal range, due to the

addition of a liquid nitrogen cooling system.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Temperature range: -180°C … 700°C

Heating rates: 0.001 K/min … 200 K/min

Max. cooling rate: 200 K/min

Atmospheres: (moist) air, N2, CO2, He, Ar,

Gas control: 2 sample gases, 1 protective gas, integrated MFC

Reproducibility peak area: +/- 1%

Reproducibility onset temp. < 0.2 K (Indium peak, Al crucible)

Page 4 of 13

High pressure DSC Sensys EVO TG DSC analyzer With its high precision and wide temperature range up to

830°C, the SENSYS evo TG-DSC has a wide range of

applications, especially in the fields of:

Thermodynamics (Specific Heat Capacity Cp precision

within +/-1 %)

Pharmaceuticals (phase diagram, polymorphism, purity,

thermal stability)

Safety of chemical process (transition, decomposition

under high pressure)

Energy (catalysis, hydrogen storage, hydrogen

adsorption)

Polymers (glass transition, measurement under

pressure)

Etc.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Temperature range: ambient to 830 °C

Temperature accuracy: +/-0.1 °C

Temperature precision: +/-0.02 °C

Programmable temperature scanning rate: 0.01 to 30 °C.min-1 (heating and cooling)

Enthalpy accuracy: +/-1 %

Calorimetric Precision: +/-0.1 %

Resolution: 0.35 µW / 0.035 µW

Gases: 3 carrier gases

(MFC from 4 to 200 ml/min) + 1 auxiliary

or reactive gas (MFC from 0.3 to 16 ml/min)*

Crucibles: 120 µl, 160 µl, 320 µl

aluminium, incoloy, gold plated incoloy,

graphite, alumina, platinum, etc.

Pressure (uncontrolled): High Pressure Crucible

(up to 500 bar / 7250 psi at 600 °C)

Pressure (measured & controlled): (up to 100 bars / 1450 psi at 600 °C)

Page 5 of 13

TGA 850 Mettler Toledo

Thermogravimetry (TGA) is a technique that

measures the change in weight of a sample as it is

heated, cooled or held at constant temperature.

Its main use is to characterize materials with

regard to their composition and thermal stability.

Application areas include plastics, elastomers and

thermosets, mineral

compounds and ceramics as well as a wide range

of analyses in the chemical and pharmaceutical

industries.

Examples of thermal events and processes that

can be determined by TGA:

• Quantitative content analysis (moisture, fillers, polymer content, materials, etc.)

• Adsorption and desorption of gases

• Kinetics of decomposition processes

• Sublimation, evaporation and vaporization

• Oxidation reactions and oxidation stability

• Sorption and desorption of moisture

• Pseudopolymorphism

• Determination of Curie temperatures

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Temperature range RT .. 1100°C, with water cooling

Heating rate 0.1 .. 50 K/min

Required sample size 2 to 20 milligrams

Page 6 of 13

Dilatometer DIL 402 PC

With the Dilatometer DIL 402 PC we can measure the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) as a main

application. More in general, the Dilatometer measures the change in length of a specimen under

heating. This indicates that also a sintering behavior, softening of plastics and chemical reactions with

substantial volume change can be measured in a large temperature range.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Furnaces) exchangeable): RT .. 1600°C

Heating/cooling rates: 0 .. 50 K/min; recommended: 0 .. 5 K/min

Sample holders: alumina

Two measurement ranges: 500 / 5000µm

Sample diameter: 1.. 12 mm

Sample length: 0 ..50 mm

Atmospheres: air (moist, up to 15 mbar), He, N2, CO2, Ar

Page 7 of 13

Rubotherm Magnetic Suspension Balance

Magnetic suspension balance Balance: Resolution 10 µg

Measuring load 0 - 25 g

Reproducibility (STD) +/- 0.03 mg

Measuring cell: Temperature range RT - 800°C (max. 10 bar)

Pressure range 0 - 150 bar (max. 500°C)

Crucible: Material Alumina, Platinum

Volume 730 µl

Size 10mm x 10mm

Automatic dosing system MFC's Mass flow range 500 mlN/min

Media dry gases

HPLC pump Pressure range 0.7 - 400 bar

Flow range 0.001 - 10 ml/min

Max. (part.) vapor pressure steam 8 bar

Our Magnetic suspension balance allows us to perform high

accuracy measurements of mass change of a sample under

controlled conditions. By means of these measurements it is

possible to characterize material properties like:

Sorption behavior

Density

Chemical reactions (corrosion, decomposition,

combustion etc.)

Polymerization

Coating

Drying

Corrosion

Due to the magnetic suspension severe conditions can be

applied to the sample, like pressures up to 150 bar,

temperatures up to 800°C and corrosive gases.

Page 8 of 13

Quantachrome Autosorb iQ-C

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Chemisorption max. temperature 1100°C

Pore size region: 0.35nm - 0.4µm

Two built-in degasser stations

BET/mesopore capable (P/Po >1 x 10-3)

Low pressure Kr capable

Micro-pore capable (P/Po < 1 x 10-4)

1000, 10 and 1 torr transducers

Standard cryogen dewar (90 hours), 3 liters

Built-in, heated vapor generator

TCD with cold trap

Built-in mass spectrometer: QMA 200 (2011/03)

Gases: H2, N2, Ar, Kr, NH3, CO2, He

The Autosorb iQ-C is a multifunctional

instrument, capable of physisorption analysis,

like pore size distribution, BET specific surface

area and pore volume. With the added high

temperature furnace, chemisorption

measurements provide analysis of chemical

bonds for heterogenic catalysis, corrosion

studies and metal dispersion. The software

contains features for kinetic calculations, curve

fitting and heat of adsorption. Gas analysis can

be performed by TCD and/or Mass

Spectrometer.

Page 9 of 13

He-pyknometer / Quantachrome Penta Pycnometer

A Helium pycnometer is used for measuring the true density (actually: volume) of irregular shaped

solids, porous or non-porous, powdered, granular or in some way grinded, using the method of gas

displacement. All kinds of material can be analyzed, varying from biomass to catalysts,

pharmaceuticals, ceramics and construction materials.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Sample cell sizes

(approximate dimensions)

Nominal value Internal diameter Internal depth

Standard sample cell

135 cm3

50 cm3

1 cm3

49 mm

40 mm

8 mm

75 mm

39 mm

18 mm

Page 10 of 13

Midac M4000 FTIR

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Detectors: MCT (Mercury, Cadmium, Tellurium)

DTGS (Deuterated Triglycine Sulfate)

Resolution 2 cm–1

for routine analysis; up to 0.5cm–1

for high resolution work

Diameter IR bundle: 5 mm

Different optical materials: KBr, ZnSe, BaF2 and more

Cells: Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR)

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform (DRIFT)

Transmission

Praying Mantis (DRIFT) - temperature and atmosphere

Spectrum library: FDM (>26.000 spectra)

Infrared spectroscopy uses the fact that molecules

absorb specific frequencies that are characteristic

of their structure. These absorptions are resonant

frequencies, i.e. the frequency of the absorbed

radiation matches the transition energy of the

bond or group that vibrates. The infrared

spectrum of a sample is recorded by passing a

beam of infrared light through the sample.

Examination of the transmitted light reveals how

much energy was absorbed at each frequency (or

wavelength). Alternatively, the whole wavelength

range is measured at once using a Fourier

transform instrument and then a transmittance or

absorbance spectrum is generated using a

dedicated procedure. Analysis of the position,

shape and intensity of peaks in this spectrum

reveals details about the molecular structure of

the sample.

Our Midac M4000 FTIR provides a

full range of resolutions from 2cm–1

for routine analysis up to 0.5cm–1

for high resolution work, such as

multicomponent analysis. Several

different kinds of cells and detectors

enable us to measure a several types

of sample material. With the

extended library we can identify

materials (inorganics, adhesives, oils,

polymers, dyes, cosmetics, drugs,

etc.) within seconds.

Page 11 of 13

Anton Paar Rheometer Physica MCR 301

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Sample quantity needed: about 1-5 gram

Measuring Systems: Measuring Cone CP25-2, D: 25 mm, angle: 2°

Shaft for disposable measuring systems: D-CP/PP7

CP50-2 D: 50 mm, angle: 2°

Measuring Plate PP40, D:40 mm

Minimum Torque 0.1 µm

Maximum Torque 200 mNm

Torque resolution 0.001 µNm

Torque accuracy max. (0.2 µNm; 0.5%)

Maximum rise of torque 1500 Nm/s

Speed range CSS 10-7

min-1

- 3000 min-1

Speed range CSR 10-6

min-1

- 3000 min-1

Typical adjustment time to a speed of 1000 min-1

: 150 ms

to an angle of 20 mrad: 200 ms

Frequency range 10-5

Hz - 100 Hz

Temperature range (Peltier: H-PTD200) -40°C to 200°C

With our Rheometer we can measure flow properties of

fluids and solids under isothermal conditions or

temperature programmed. Sample strain, shear rates or

stresses are the controlled parameters during these

measurements, which can either be executed under

constant rotational force, or by oscillation. This way a

large number of phenomena showing viscosity changes

(curing, visco-elastic behavior, melting, etc.) can be

measured.

Page 12 of 13

OmniStar GSD 320 O1 Mass Spectrometer

Our mobile Omnistar Mass Spectrometer can be coupled to virtually any gas stream for measurement

of gas composition. In our lab several instruments are operated under a defined atmosphere. The

composition of this atmosphere can change during an experiment. By measurement of the

composition of the flowing gases, important additional information about the actual processes are

obtained.

Benchtop analysis system

Mass range 1 – 100 amu

Qualitative and quantitative gas analysis

Gas inlet heatable up to 200°C

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Analyzer QMA 200M

Contribution to neighboring mass: 40 to 41 < 10ppm

Detection limit min.: C-SEM < 1ppm

Detection limit min.: Faraday <20ppm

Detector C-SEM/Faraday

Gas connection Stainless steel capillary

Gas connection: length 1m

Gas flow rate 1-2 sccm

Gas inlet Controlled inlet valve

Operating temperature: capillary, up to 200°C

Resolution, adjustable at 10% peak height 0.5-0.25 amu

Sample pressure atm

Page 13 of 13

Mastersizer Hydro 2000S

The Hydro 2000S Mastersizer provides information about particle size distribution of a powder up to

1000µm sizes. The Hydro 200S is a fully automated volume wet sample dispersion unit. It is most

suitable for applications where the amount of sample or volume of dispersant needs to be minimized.

Continuously variable pump and stirrer ensures bias-free sampling of dense materials

Full software control of all measurement functions, including sample dispersion and cleaning

Compatible with auto-sampler options

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Dispersion type: wet

Capacity/sample volume: 50-150 ml

Maximum size of particles: 1000 µm, dependent on particle shape and density

Typical applications: solvent based suspensions, pharmaceuticals

Dispersion mechanisms: continuously variable combined pump/stirrer

continuously variable ultrasonic

Modes of operation: automatic via SOP's

manual via computer on-screen operating dialogues