20.1 NotesCivil War and Revolution

I. Charles I and Parliament1. Charles I, son of James I, believed in the divine rights

of kings2. Parliament forces Charles I to sign the Petition of

Rightsi.No taxes w/o consent of Parliamentii. No martial lawiii. No boarding of soldiers in peacetimeiv. No imprisonment w/o just cause

3. Charles dismissed Parliament for 11 yrs., imprisoned objectors of his tax collecting ways.

4. Puritans opposed Charles I b/c they believed he was too Catholic.

5. Charles tried to force Scottish churches to follow Anglican practices.

6. Charles called Parliament into session to collect taxes to defeat the Scots.

II. The Long Parliament1. Ended the kings power to dissolve Parliament

2. Parliament must meet once every three yrs.

3. Public support shifted when Parliament tried to make changes to the Anglican Church.

4. Irish Rebellion- Parliament run army vs. king controlled army.

5. Civil War began.

III. English Civil War1. Cavaliers vs. Roundheads

i. Oliver Cromwell- New Model Army

ii. Defeated Charles I and he fled to Scotland

iii. Scottish returned him and he was beheaded, his

son, Charles II, fled to France

iv. Rump Parliament- Cromwell’s parliamenta. Abolished the monarchy and House of Lords

b. Tried to establish a commonwealth, a republic.

IV. Cromwell’s Commonwealth1. Republic failed and Cromwell was forced to

rule as a military dictator.

2. Twice he unsuccessfully tried to establish a constitution.

V. End of Revolution1. After the failing republic, the English

population agreed to restore the monarchy- Charles II.

Causes of the English Civil War

English Civil War

Conflict between royalty and Parliament

Irish Rebellion

Population rejected radical Puritan’s

attempt to change the church

Efforts of Long Parliament to

limit the monarchy’s

power