2010-2011

Thought Questions:1. Why do you think the Pope is crowning

Charlemagne?2. What does this picture tell you about

Charlemagne’s Empire?

Franks- Germanic ppl living in Gaul select Clovis

Clovis converts to Christianity- makes friends w/ Pope and Roman Christians living in Gaul

768 Charles the Great, AKA 768 Charles the Great, AKA Charlemagne 2 goalsCharlemagne 2 goalsunite Europe through conquests unite Europe through conquests convert everyone to Christianity convert everyone to Christianity

Successful- double size of Successful- double size of Kingdom, more powerful than Kingdom, more powerful than anyone since Roman Empireanyone since Roman Empire

Charlemagne asked to Charlemagne asked to Rome to crush a rebellion. Rome to crush a rebellion.

Crowned by Pope Leo III.Crowned by Pope Leo III.““Emperor of the Romans”Emperor of the Romans”Angers ByzantineAngers Byzantine

Ppl taught to obey him in church Empire divided into self-sufficient

manors Use counts to watch empire Counts jobs:

1. Maintain small army loyal to emperor2. Collect taxes 3. Settle disputes

Minstrels sang song glorifying emperor (control of media!)

Opened school to train kids of royal officialsGrammar, logic and mathematics

Died in 813, empire divided into weak thirds- (eventual Epic Fail) but known for:extending Christianity to northern extending Christianity to northern

EuropeEuropeblending German, Roman & Christian blending German, Roman & Christian

traditionstraditionsstrong & efficient gov’tstrong & efficient gov’t

Thought Questions:3. What do you see in this picture?4. Who are the men on shore?5. Where have they come from?6. Why do you think they have landed here?

Who were the Vikings? Traders & explorers from Scandinavia who became

pirates Education unimportant, culture centered on war, pagan

polytheistic ppl Where did they raid and why?

England & Frankish manors & monasteries to obtain money and goods

Explored east coast of N.A- Vinland aka New Foundland What was their impact on Europe?

After Charlemagne died Vikings divided & weakened empire

Europeans gave up land rather than fight, stayed on manors for protection

Read abt development of Feudalism Answer the Look For and the Reading Check

questions

Thought Questions:7.What are some of the differences

between the 2 castles?8.What are some similarities?

Motte- (sounds like caught) castle built on mound of dirt to elevate for protection

Keep- stronghold built on top of motte Bailey- enclosure containing kitchen, stables,

workshops, residences for peasants & chapel Drawbridge- connects motte & bailey, raised

to prevent attack. Ditch- water around motte and bailey

Changes to motte & bailey castles Stone walls Ventilation slits no windows Sanitation shaft- waste goes down, “fresh”

water comes up Keep- residence and fortress, usually form of

towers w/ several stories 1st story- servants, pages, squires 2nd & 3rd- Lord’s residence, great hall for

meals, Parapet- low wall, had arrow slits Portcullises- iron gate across entrances

Thought Questions:9. Why do you think some ppl are working & some are

not?10.Who do you think lives in the castle? Who lives in

the cottages?11.What does this tell you about life on a manor?

Feudalism- system of life, services exchanged for land. Justified by idea that God intended some ppl to be superior to others.

Monarch- shared top w/ Clergy. Weaker after Charlemagne yet still top.

Lords & Nobles- ruled own land. Hunted, battled, supervised. Wives had babies & kept house.Divided land into fiefs to give in return for

service.

Knights or Vassals- began training at 7, Chivalry- obey lord, respect noblewomen, aid those in trouble, fight fair & honest. Vassal enters agreement w/ lord- land (fief) for

loyalty Peasants- base of feudal society

Majority serfs- bound to the land, can’t marry w/o permission, can’t own land Can’t get evicted or forced to serve in military

Freemen- paid for use of land, able to leave