2010 air quality report - mpo

8/6/2019 2010 Air Quality Report - MPO

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2010 Air Quality ReportCorridor MPO

Jim HodinaAir Pollution Control Officer

Linn County Public HealthJune 16, 2011


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0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Airquality

Mold

(H

omes&businesses)

Drinkingwa

ter

protection

Foodsafety

Wastemanagement

Allergies

Sewagetreatment

(septics,small

Consumerproduct

safety

Hazardousmaterials

management

Mosquitobor

ne

diseases

Rad

on

Lead-basedpaintin

homes

Carbonmonoxide

poisoning

No

tenoughinformation

Asbestos

Rodentcontrol

Radiologicalhealth

Bedbu

gs

Lice

Scabies

Perce

ntofRespondancts

Local Public Survey on Environmental Health

Please select the five most

important environmentalissues. (n=1338)


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Health Benefits of Clean Air ActProjection of

Reduced

Cases1990 - 2020

EstimatedReduced

Cases1990- 2010

17,000,00013,000,000Lost Work Days

5,400,0003,200,000School Loss Days

120,00086,000Emergency Room Visits2,400,0001,700,000Asthma Exacerbation

200,000130,000Heart Disease - AcuteMyocardial Infarction

75,00054,000Chronic Bronchitis71004300Mortality - ozone

280230Infant Mortality - particles

230,000160,000Adult Mortality - particles


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Benefit & Cost of the Clean Air Act

The direct benefits from the 1990 Clean Air Act

Amendments are estimated to reach almost $2trillion by 2020.

Outside experts estimate benefits for fully meeting the

revised 24-hour PM2.5 standard will yield $9 billion to$76 billion a year in health benefits by 2020.

The direct costs of implementation will be $65

billion. EPA estimates the cost of meeting the revised 24-hour PM2.5 standards at $5.4 billion in 2020.


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Air Pollutants EPA establishes health standards for six

Criteria Pollutants Specified in the Clean Air Act as Particulate Matter,

Ozone, Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, CarbonMonoxide and Lead.

Regulated by developing human health-based criteriafor setting permissible levels.

EPA must designate areas as meeting (attainment) ornot meeting (nonattainment) the standard.

Standards are reviewed and potentially revised every 5years.

Announcement PM2.5 standard review expected end of July

Announcement of Ozone standard review expected end of

August.


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Air Pollution Chemistry CO, SO2, and NO2 (From the Stack or Pipe)

Directly emitted to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources;mostly products of combustion.

Ozone, O3 (Atmospheric Reaction of Pollutants)

Formed in the atmosphere through the reaction of NOX and

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. Particulate Matter, PM (Both)

Made up of a number of components, including acids (such asnitrates and sulfates), organic chemicals, metals, and soil or dust

particles. Can be directly emitted or formed in the atmospherefrom other chemicals such as SO2 and NOX.

Fine PM is < 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5)

Coarse PM is < 10 microns in diameter (PM10)


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Particulate Matter


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Air Quality Monitoring Sites


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Monitoring & Compliance LCPH monitors continuously

PM2.5: throughout the year Ozone: in summer months only (May-Sep)

Average the monitored values

PM2.5: 24-hour & Annual Average Ozone: 8 Hour Average

Assess Compliance with NAAQS

Take 98th percentile of annual data Use 3 year average to determine Design Value

Compare Design Value to NAAQS to

assess compliance


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Ozone Design ValuesHistory 1999 - 2010

0.069

0.066

0.071

0.068

0.066

0.072

0.073

0.071

0.068

0.067

0.070

0.0660.066

0.062

0.0690.069

0.067

0.062

0.066

0.067

0.070

0.069

0.05

0.055

0.06

0.065

0.07

0.075

1997-1999

1998-2000

1999-2001

2000-2002

2001-2003

2002-2004

2003-2005

2004-2006

2005-2007

2006-2008

2007-2009

2008-2010

ppm

Kirkwood Coggon

ProposedRevision

CurrentStandard


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PM2.5 Three Year Rolling AverageHistory 2001 - 2010

31 31

33

31

33

3029

25

28

3131

28

31

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1999-2001

2000-2002

2001-2003

2002-2004

2003-2005

2004-2006

2005-2007

2006-2008

2007-2009

2008-2010

ug/m

3

Army Reserve Pioneer Ave Public Health

ProposedRevision

CurrentStandard


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PM2.5 Annual 98th PercentilesHistory 1999-2010

31.7

28.3

33.7

29.7

34.7

29.9

35.4

24.4

25.9

32.1

35.8

30.7

34.6

32.6

27.6

34.1

25.4

27.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Army Reserve Public Health Pioneer Ave

ProposedRevision

CurrentStandard


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One Bad Day of PM2.5


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Air Pollution in Linn County Over 120,000 tons of air pollution are released

to the air in Linn County each year. Comparison

Cedar Rapids Waste Water Treatment Plant receives

about 900 tons of waste per year of which only about7% is discharged.

Cedar Rapids Linn County Solid Waste Agencyreceives approximately 230,000 tons of waste eachyear, almost all of which is treated or contained.


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Local Sources of Air Pollution

47%

Transportation

29% Industry& Utility

Electricity

Generation, 9%

Fossil FuelCombustion, 10%

IndustrialProcesses, 3%

Miscellaneous,7%

Non Road

Equipment, 17%

On RoadVehicles, 42%

Residential Wood

Combustion, 4%

Waste Disposal,1%

Solvent Use, 2%

Road Dust, 5%


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ElectricityGeneration, 19%



Road Dust, 17%

Solvent Use,


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Local Sources of SO2

and NOX

(which can form PM and Ozone in the atmosphere)


Fossil Fuel

Combustion, 23%

Industrial Processes,

1%

Waste Disposal, 1%

On Road Vehicles,

30%

Non RoadEquipment, 23%




Non RoadEquipment, 2%

On RoadVehicles, 1%

NOX

SO2

50/50 Mobile vs. Industrial/Utility

97% Industrial/Utility


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What Happens if the NAAQS are

Exceeded? Control point sources by implementing

Reasonable Achievable Control Measures Identify technically and economically feasiblemeasures and associated emissions reductions

Must look at sources of direct PM2.5, SO2, and NOX;may consider VOCs and ammonia

New Source Review New major sources must find offsets Install controls that meet Lowest Achievable

Emission Rate Conduct air quality modeling and relatedanalysis to demonstrate effectiveness


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What Happens if the NAAQS are

Exceeded? Transportation

Transportation Conformity Transportation projects must not produce new violations or

worsen existing violations

Doing so precludes use of federal funds.

Cannot adopt motor vehicle standards Must follow federal rules Exception for California; other states may follow CA lead

Can implement motor vehicle inspection and

maintenance programs to ensure ongoing compliance Implement Voluntary Programs

Anti idling

Engines and exhaust control retrofit programs

Community buy-back or trade-in programs

2010 air quality report - mpo

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