2010californiahistoricalbuildingcode_gov.ca.bsc.2010.08

7/31/2019 2010CaliforniaHistoricalBuildingCode_gov.ca.Bsc.2010.08

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2010California

HistoricalBuilding

CodeCalifornia Code of RegulationsCalifornia Code of RegulationsTitle 24, Part 8Title 24, Part 8

California BuildingCalifornia BuildingStandards CommissionStandards Commission

EFFECTIVE DATE: January 1, 2011EFFECTIVE DATE: January 1, 2011(For Errata and supplements, See History Note Appendix)Public Domain:Public Domain: U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit, 99-40632

2010 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING COD
http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F3/293/293.F3d.791.99-40632.htmlhttp://www.bsc.ca.gov/http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F3/293/293.F3d.791.99-40632.htmlhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/


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2010 California Historical Building CodeCalifornia Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 8

First Printing: June 2010

ISBN 9781580019743

Published by

International Code CouncilInternational Code Council500 New Jersey Avenue, NW, 6th Floor

Washington, D.C. 200011-888-422-7233

COPYRIGHT 2010

held by

California Building Standards CommissionCalifornia Building Standards Commission2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130Sacramento, California 95833-2936

PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.

2010 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE

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PREFACEPREFACE

This document is the 8th of 12 parts of the official triennial compilation and publication of the adoptions, amendments and repeal ofadministrative regulations to California Code of Regulations, Title 24, also referred to as the California Building Standards Code. Thispart is known as the California Historical Building Code.

The California Building Standards Code is published in its entirety every three years by order of the California legislature, withsupplements published in intervening years. The California legislature delegated authority to various state agencies, boards, commissionand departments to create building regulations to implement the State's statutes. These building regulations, or standards, have the sameforce of law, and take effect 180 days after their publication unless otherwise stipulated. The California Building Standards Code applieto occupancies in the State of California as annotated.

A city, county, or city and county may establish more restrictive building standards reasonably necessary because of local climatic,geological or topographical conditions. Findings of the local condition(s) and the adopted local building standard(s) must be filed with thCalifornia Building Standards Commission to become effective and may not be effective sooner than the effective date of this edition ofthe California Building Standards Code Local building standards that were adopted and applicable to previous editions of the California

Building Standards Code do not apply to this edition without appropriate adoption and the required filing.

Should you find publication (e.g., typographical) errors or inconsistencies in this code or wish to offer comments toward improving itsformat, please address your comments to:

California Building Standards Commission2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130

Sacramento, CA 958332936

Phone: (916) 263-0916Fax: (916) 263-0959

Web Page: www.bsc.ca.gov

For questions on California state agency amendments, please refer to the contact list on page vii.

http://www.bsc.ca.gov/http://www.bsc.ca.gov/


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PART 8 CONTAINS ALTERNATIVE REGULATIONS FOR QUALIFIED HISTORICALPART 8 CONTAINS ALTERNATIVE REGULATIONS FOR QUALIFIED HISTORICALBUILDINGSBUILDINGS

The California Historical Building Code (CHBC) is unique amongstate regulations. The authoring of the original CHBC requiredstate agencies promulgating regulations for building constructionto work in harmony with representatives of other design and con-struction disciplines. The result was a totally new approach to

building codes for historical structures, which maintains currentlyacceptable lifesafety standards.

These regulations are also unique in that they are performance ori-ented rather than prescriptive. The provisions of the CHBC are tobe applied by the enforcing authority of every city, country, cityand county, or state agency in permitting repairs, alternations andadditions necessary for the preservation, rehabilitation, relocation,related construction, change of use or continued use of a qualifiedhistorical building.

The authority for use of the CHBC is vested in Sections 18950through 18961 of the Health and Safety Code. Section 18954States, The building department of every city or county shall ap-ply the provisions of alternative building standards and building

regulations adopted by the CHBC Board pursuant to Section18959.5 in permitting repairs, alternations and additions necessaryfor the preservation, restoration, rehabilitation, moving or contin-ued use of an historical building or structure. A state agency shallapply the alternative building regulations adopted by the CHBCBoard pursuant to Section 18959.5 in permitting repairs, alterna-

tions and additions necessary for the preservation, restoration, rhabilitation, moving or continued use of an historical building structure.

However, be aware that in order to use the CHBC, the structu

under consideration must be qualified by being designated as historical building or structure. Section 18955 states, For the puposes of this part, a qualified historical building or structure any structure or collection of structures, and their associated sitdeemed of importance to the history, architecture or culture an area by an appropriate local or state governmental jurisdictioThis shall include structures on existing or future national, state local historical registers or official inventories, such as the Natioal Register of Historic Places, State Historical Landmarks, StaPoints of Historical Interest, and city or country registers or invetories of historical or architecturally significant sites, places, htoric districts or landmarks.

The regulations of the CHBC have the same authority as state laand are to be considered as such. Liability is the same as for pr

vailing law.

The intent of the CHBC is to save California's architectural heitage by recognizing the unique construction problems inherent historical buildings and by providing a code to deal with theproblems.


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HISTORICAL PREFACEHISTORICAL PREFACE

The background of the California Historical Building Code canbe traced to December 1973, when the State Department of Parksand Recreation published the California History Plan, Volume I,in which Recommendation No. 11 was proposed by the then Cali-fornia Landmarks Advisory Committee (later to become The StateHistorical Resources Commission). This proposal expressed a need

for a new building code to meet the intent of protecting the publichealth and safety and also retain enough flexibility to allowrestoration of a Historic feature while still retaining its Historic in-tegrity. No. 11 of this History Plan supported this need by statingthat ... restoration ... is frequently made difficult by unnecessarilyrigid interpretation of building ... codes.

In March of 1974, the Landmarks Committee by resolution rec-ommended that the Director of the State Department of Parks andRecreation and the State Architect initiate a study to develop thisneeded code. These two officials accepted this concept and joint-ly called a statewide meeting in Sacramento on May 14th of thatyear. Attending were representatives from both the public and pri-vate sectors, such as members of the building industry, design pro-fessions, local and state building officials, and others interested inthis problem.

Out of this open conference, a steering committee was formed toexplore in depth the ways and means of implementing the new his-torical building code concept. This ad hoc committee was chairedby a representative from the California Council, American Instituteof Architects and composed of a comprehensive cross section ofthe professional organizations and government agencies concernedwith design and code enforcement.

Meetings began late in 1974 and continued into early 1975. ByApril of that year, a legislative subcommittee of the ad hoc groupdrafted a sample bill for the proposed code and requested that itbe carried by Senator James R. Mills, President Pro Tempore of

the Senate. After further development and refinement, the enacing legislation to create the authority for the code and an advisoboard to prepare regulations to implement it (SB 927, Mills) wsupported by both the legislature and the public. It was signed the governor in September 1975, and became effective January 1976.

The members of the advisory board, which were required by lato include local and state building officials, individuals from tbuilding industry and design professions, as well as representativfrom city and county governments, were appointed and held thefirst session in Sacramento, February 24, 1976. This Boards dutiincluded the preparation of code regulations and the review of spcific historic building cases, when officially requested by govering bodies.

Several of the Boards members were a part of the original ad hsteering committee and thus provided a continuity and smooth trasition from the inception of the codes philosophy to its pragmatimplementation in these performanceoriented regulations.

The first comprehensive regulations were codified in August an

October 1979, after years of careful deliberation. Those regulatioallowed all jurisdictions to utilize them at their discretion in replaing or modifying details of prevailing prescriptive codes.

Changes made in law in 1984 and 1991, and to the code, make tapplication of the California Historical Building Codestatutes aregulations applicable for all agencies and at the discretion of towner for local jurisdictions when dealing with qualified historicbuildings.

These current performance regulations were adopted by the Boaon June 23, 1998, and approved by the California Building Stadards Commission on January 29,2007.



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CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24

California Agency Information Contact ListCalifornia Agency Information Contact ListCalifornia Energy CommissionCalifornia Energy Commission

Energy Hotline (800) 772-3300or (916)654-5106

Building Efficiency StandardsAppliance Efficiency StandardsCompliance Manual/Forms

California State Lands CommissionCalifornia State Lands CommissionMarine Oil Terminals (562) 499-6317California State LibraryCalifornia State Library

Resources and Information (916) 654-0261Government Publication Section (916) 654-0069Corrections Standards AuthorityCorrections Standards Authority

Local Adult Jail Standards (916) 324-1914Local Juvenile Facility Standards (916) 324-1914Department of Consumer Affairs Acupuncture BoardDepartment of Consumer Affairs Acupuncture BoardOffice Standards (916) 445-3021

Department of Consumer Affairs Board of PharmacyDepartment of Consumer Affairs Board of PharmacyPharmacy Standards (916) 574-7900

Department of Consumer Affairs Bureau of Barbering And CosmetologyDepartment of Consumer Affairs Bureau of Barbering And CosmetologyBarber and Beauty Shop and College Standards (916) 574-7570

(800) 952-5210Department of Consumer Affairs Bureau of Home Furnishings and ThermalDepartment of Consumer Affairs Bureau of Home Furnishings and ThermalInsulationInsulationInsulation Testing Standards (916) 574-2041Department of Consumer Affairs Structural Pest Control BoardDepartment of Consumer Affairs Structural Pest Control Board

Structural Standards (800) 737-8188(916) 561-8708Department of Consumer Affairs Veterinary Medical BoardDepartment of Consumer Affairs Veterinary Medical BoardVeterinary Hospital Standard (916) 263-2610

Department of Food and AgricultureDepartment of Food and AgricultureMeat and Poultry Packing Plant Standards (916) 654-1447Dairy Standards (916) 654-1447Department of Public HealthDepartment of Public HealthOrganized Camps Standards (916) 449-5661Public Swimming Pools Standards (916) 449-5693

Asbestos Standards (510) 620-287Department of Housing and Community DevelopmentDepartment of Housing and Community DevelopmentResidential Hotels, Motels, Apartments, Single-FamilyDwellings

(916) 445-947

Permanent Structures in Mobilehome and Special OccupancyParks

(916) 445-947

Factory-Built Housing, Manufactured Housing and Commercial

Modular

(916) 445-333

Mobilehomes Permits and InspectionsNorthern Region (916) 225-250Southern Region (951) 782-442

Employee Housing Standards (916) 445-947Department of Water ResourcesDepartment of Water ResourcesGray Water Installations Standards (916) 651-966

Division of the State Architect Access ComplianceDivision of the State Architect Access ComplianceAccess Compliance Standards (916) 445-810Division of the State Architect Structural SafetyDivision of the State Architect Structural SafetyPublic Schools Standards (916) 445-810

Essential Services Building Standards (916) 445-810Community College Standards (916) 445-810

Division of the State Architect State Historical Building Safety BoardDivision of the State Architect State Historical Building Safety BoardAlternative Building Standards (916) 445-810Office of Statewide Health Planning and DevelopmentOffice of Statewide Health Planning and Development

Hospital Standards (916) 440-840Skilled Nursing Facility Standards (916) 440-840Clinic Standards (916) 440-840

Permits (916) 440-840Office of the State Fire MarshalOffice of the State Fire MarshalCode Development and Analysis (916) 445-820Fire Safety Standards (916) 445-820Fireplace Standards (916) 445-820

Day-Care Centers Standards (916) 445-820Exit Standards (916) 445-820



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HOW TO DETERMINE WHERE CHANGES HAVE BEEN MADEHOW TO DETERMINE WHERE CHANGES HAVE BEEN MADE

Symbols in the margins indicate where changes have been made or language has been deleted.

This symbol indicates that a change has been made.

This symbol indicates deletion of language.


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TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 8-1 ADMINISTRATIONCHAPTER 8-1 ADMINISTRATION 11

Section

8-101 Title, Purpose and Intent 1

8-102 Application 1

8-103 Organization and Enforcement 1

8-104 Review and Appeals 2

8-105 Construction Methods and Materials 2

8-106 SHBSB Rulings 2

CHAPTER 8-2 DEFINITIONSCHAPTER 8-2 DEFINITIONS 33

Section

8-201 Definitions 3

CHAPTER 8-3 USE AND OCCUPANCYCHAPTER 8-3 USE AND OCCUPANCY 55

Section

8-301 Purpose and Scope 5

8-302 General 5

8-303 Residential Occupancies 5

CHAPTER 8-4 FIRE PROTECTIONCHAPTER 8-4 FIRE PROTECTION 77

Section

8-401 Purpose, Intent and Scope 7

8-402 Fire-resistive Construction 7

8-403 Interior Finish Materials 7

8-404 Wood Lath and Plaster 7

8-405 Occupancy Separation 7

8-406 Maximum Floor Area 7

8-407 Vertical Shafts 7

8-408 Roof Covering 7

8-409 Fire Alarm Systems 8

8-410 Automatic Sprinkler Systems 8

8-411 Other Technologies 8

8-412 High-rise Buildings 8

CHAPTER 8-5 MEANS OF EGRESSCHAPTER 8-5 MEANS OF EGRESS 99

Section

8-501 Purpose, Intent and Scope 9

8-502 General 9

8-503 Escape or Rescue Windows and Doors 10

8-504 Railings and Guardrails

CHAPTER 8-6 ACCESSIBILITYCHAPTER 8-6 ACCESSIBILITY

Section

8-601 Purpose, Intent and Scope

8-602 Basic Provisions

8-603 Alternatives

8-604 Equivalent Facilitation

CHAPTER 8-7 STRUCTURAL REGULATIONSCHAPTER 8-7 STRUCTURAL REGULATIONS

Section


8-702 General

8-703 Structural Survey

8-704 Nonhistorical Additions and Nonhistorical Alterations

8-705 Structural Regulations

8-706 Lateral Load Regulations

CHAPTER 8-8 ARCHAIC MATERIALS AND METHODS OFCHAPTER 8-8 ARCHAIC MATERIALS AND METHODS OFCONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

Section


8-802 General Engineering Approaches

8-803 Nonstructural Archaic Materials

8-804 Allowable Conditions for Specific Materials

8-805 Masonry

8-806 Adobe

8-807 Wood

8-808 Concrete

8-809 Steel and Iron

8-810 Hollow Clay Tile

8-811 Veneers

8-812 Glass and Glazing

CHAPTER 8-9 MECHANICAL, PLUMBING ANDCHAPTER 8-9 MECHANICAL, PLUMBING ANDELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTSELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS

Section


8-902 Mechanical

8-903 Plumbing



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8-904 Electrical 21

CHAPTER 8-10 QUALIFIED HISTORICAL DISTRICTS, SITESCHAPTER 8-10 QUALIFIED HISTORICAL DISTRICTS, SITESAND OPEN SPACESAND OPEN SPACES

2323

Section

8-1001 Purpose and Scope 23

8-1002 Application

8-1003 Site Relations

APPENDIX AAPPENDIX A

HISTORY NOTE APPENDIXHISTORY NOTE APPENDIX


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CHAPTER 8-1CHAPTER 8-1ADMINISTRATIONADMINISTRATION

Note: The California Historical Building Code, Part 8 of Title 24, governs for all qualified historical buildings or properties in the State California.

SECTION 8-101SECTION 8-101TITLE, PURPOSE AND INTENTTITLE, PURPOSE AND INTENT

8-101.18-101.1 Title.Title. These regulations shall be known as the CaliforniaHistorical Building Code and will be referred to herein as theCHBC.

8-101.28-101.2 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of the CHBC is to provide regu-lations for the preservation, restoration, rehabilitation, relocationor reconstruction of buildings or properties designated as qualifiedhistorical buildings or properties (Chapter 8-2). The CHBC is in-tended to provide solutions for the preservation of qualified histor-ical buildings or properties, to promote sustainability, to provideaccess for persons with disabilities, to provide a cost-effective ap-proach to preservation, and to provide for the reasonable safety ofthe occupants or users. The CHBC requires enforcing agencies toaccept solutions that are reasonably equivalent to the regular code

(as defined in Chapter 8-2) when dealing with qualified historicalbuildings or properties.

8-101.38-101.3 Intent.Intent. The intent of the CHBC is to facilitate the preser-vation and continuing use of qualified historical buildings or prop-erties while providing reasonable safety for the building occupantsand access for persons with disabilities.

SECTION 8-102SECTION 8-102APPLICATIONAPPLICATION

8-102.18-102.1 Application.Application. The CHBC is applicable to all issues regard-ing code compliance for qualified historical buildings or proper-ties. The CHBC may be used in conjunction with the regular codeto provide solutions to facilitate the preservation of qualified his-

torical buildings or properties. The CHBC shall be used by anyagency with jurisdiction and whenever compliance with the code isrequired for qualified historical buildings or properties.1. The state or local enforcing agency shall apply the provisions of

the CHBC in permitting repairs, alterations and additions neces-sary for the preservation, restoration, reconstruction, rehabilita-tion, relocation or continued use of a qualified historical build-ing or property when so elected by the private property owner.

2. StateState agencies.agencies. All state agencies shall apply the provisions ofthe CHBC in permitting repairs, alterations and additions neces-sary for the preservation, restoration, rehabilitation, safety, re-location, reconstruction or continued use of qualified historicalbuildings or properties.

8-102.1.18-102.1.1 Additions,Additions, alterationsalterations andand repairs.repairs. It is the intent of

CHBC to allow nonhistorical expansion or addition to a qualifiedhistorical building or property, provided nonhistorical additions

shall conform to the requirements of the regular code. See Chater 8-2.

8-102.1.28-102.1.2 Relocation.Relocation. Relocated qualified historical buildings properties shall be sited to comply with the regular code or withe solutions listed in the CHBC. Nonhistorical new constructirelated to relocation shall comply with the regular code. Recostruction and restoration related to relocation is permitted to comply with the provisions in the CHBC.

8-102.1.38-102.1.3 ChangeChange ofof occupancy.occupancy. For change of use or occupacy, see Chapter 8-3, Use and Occupancy.

8-102.1.48-102.1.4 ContinuedContinued use.use. Qualified historical buildings or proerties may have their existing use or occupancy continued if suuse or occupancy conformed to the code or to the standards construction in effect at the time of construction, and such use occupancty does not constitute a distinct hazard to life safety

defined in the CHBC.8-102.1.58-102.1.5 UnsafeUnsafe buildingsbuildings oror properties.properties. When a qualified htorical building or property is determined to be unsafe as definin the regular code, the requirements of the CHBC are applicabto the work necessary to correct the unsafe conditions. Work remediate the buildings or properties need only address the corection of the unsafe conditions, and it shall not be required bring the entire qualified historical building or property into compliance with regular code.

8-102.1.68-102.1.6 AdditionalAdditional work.work. Qualified historical buildings properties shall not be subject to additional work required bthe regular code, regulation or ordinance beyond that requiredcomplete the work undertaken. Certain exceptions for accessib

ity and for distinct hazards exist by mandate and may require spcific action, within the parameters of the CHBC.

SECTION 8-103SECTION 8-103ORGANIZATION AND ENFORCEMENTORGANIZATION AND ENFORCEMENT

8-103.18-103.1 Authority.Authority. The state or local enforcing agency, pursuato authority provided under Section 18954 of the Health and SafeCode, shall administer and enforce the provisions of the CHBin permitting repairs, alterations and additions necessary for tpreservation, restoration, reconstruction, rehabilitation, relocatior continued use of a qualified historical building or property.

8-103.28-103.2 StateState enforcement.enforcement. All state agencies pursuant to authoity provided under Section 18954 and Section 18961 of the Heal

and Safety Code shall administer and enforce the CHBC with rspect to qualified historical buildings or properties under their rspective jurisdiction.



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8-103.38-103.3 Liability.Liability. Prevailing law regarding immunity of buildingofficials is unaffected by the use and enforcement of the CHBC.

SECTION 8-104SECTION 8-104REVIEW AND APPEALSREVIEW AND APPEALS

8-104.18-104.1 StateState HistoricalHistorical BuildingBuilding SafetySafety BoardBoard (SHBSB).(SHBSB). In or-der to provide for interpretation of the provisions of the CHBC andto hear appeals, the SHBSB shall act as an appeal and review bodyto state and local agencies or any affected party.

8-104.28-104.2 SHBSBSHBSB review.review. When a proposed design, material ormethod of construction is being considered by the enforcingagency, the agency chief, the building official or the local board ofappeals may file a written request for opinion to the SHBSB for itsconsideration, advice or findings. In considering such request, theSHBSB may seek the advice of other appropriate private or publicboards, individuals, or state or local agencies. The SHBSB shall,after considering all of the facts presented, including any recom-mendation of other appropriate boards, agencies or other parties,determine if, for the purpose intended, the proposal is reasonablyequivalent to that allowed by these regulations in proposed design,material or method of construction, and it shall transmit such find-ings and its decision to the enforcing agency for its application. The

Board may recover the costs of such reviews and shall report thedecision in printed form, copied to the California Building Stan-dards Commission.

8-104.2.18-104.2.1 StateState agencies.agencies. All state agencies with ownership of,or that act on behalf of state agency owners of, qualified historicalbuildings or properties, shall consult and obtain SHBSB reviewprior to taking action or making decisions or appeals that affectqualified historical buildings or properties, per Section 18961 ofthe Health and Safety Code.

8-104.2.28-104.2.2 ImminentImminent threat.threat. Where an emergency is declaredand a qualified historical building or property is declared an im-minent threat to life and safety, the state agency assessing such athreat shall consult with the SHBSB before any demolition is un-

dertaken, per Section 18961 of the Health and Safety Code.8-104.38-104.3 SHBCSHBC appeals.appeals. If any local agency administering and en-forcing the CHBC or any person adversely affected by any reg-ulation, rule, omission, interpretation, decision or practice of theagency enforcing the CHBC wishes to appeal the issue for resolu-

tion to the SHBSB, either of these parties may appeal directly the Board. The Board may accept the appeal only if it determinthat issues involved are of statewide significance. The Board mrecover the costs of such reviews and shall make available copiof decisions in printed form at cost, copied to the California Builing Standards Commission.

8-104.48-104.4 LocalLocal agencyagency fees.fees. Local agencies, when actively ivolved in the appeal, may also charge affected persons reasonabfees not to exceed the cost of obtaining reviews and appeals fro

the Board.

SECTION 8-105SECTION 8-105CONSTRUCTION METHODS AND MATERIALSCONSTRUCTION METHODS AND MATERIALS

8-105.18-105.1 Repairs.Repairs. Repairs to any portion of a qualified historicbuilding or property may be made in-kind with historical materiaand the use of original or existing historical methods of constrution, subject to conditions of the CHBC. (See Chapter 8-8.)

8-105.28-105.2 SolutionsSolutions toto thethe CaliforniaCalifornia HistoricalHistorical BuildingBuilding Code.Code. Slutions provided in the CHBC, or any other acceptable regulatioor methodology of design or construction and used in whole or part, with the regular code, or with any combination of the reular code and the CHBC, shall be allowed. The CHBC does n

preclude the use of any proposed alternative or method of desior construction not specifically prescribed or otherwise allowed these regulations. Any alternative may be submitted for evaluatito the appropriate enforcing agency for review and acceptance. Tenforcing agency may request that sufficient evidence or proof submitted to substantiate any claims that may be made regardisuch solutions. Any alternative offered in lieu of that prescribor allowed in the CHBC shall be reasonably equivalent in qualistrength, effectiveness, durability and safety to that of the CHBC

SECTION 8-106SECTION 8-106SHBSB RULINGSSHBSB RULINGS

8-106.18-106.1 General.General. Rulings of the SHBSB (i.e., formal appeals, cadecisions, code interpretations and administrative resolutions, etthat are issues of statewide application are required to be submittto the California Building Standards Commission in printed formThese rulings may be used to provide guidance for similar cases issues.


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CHAPTER 8-2CHAPTER 8-2DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

SECTION 8-201SECTION 8-201DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

For the purpose of the CHBC, certain terms and phrases, words andtheir derivatives shall be construed as specified in this chapter. Ad-

ditional definitions and/or terms may appear in the various otherchapters relative to terms or phrases primarily applicable thereto.Any reference to authority having jurisdiction does not necessar-ily preclude the appellate process of Section 8-104.3.

ADDITION.ADDITION. A nonhistorical extension or increase in floor area orheight of a building or property.

ALTERATION.ALTERATION. A modification to a qualified historical buildingor property that affects the usability of the building or property,or part thereof. Alterations include, but are not limited to, remod-eling, renovation, rehabilitation, reconstruction, historical restora-tion, changes or rearrangement of the structural parts or elements,and changes or rearrangements in the plan configuration of wallsand full-height partitions.

BUILDINGBUILDING STANDARD.STANDARD. Any guideline, regulation or code thatmay be applied to a qualified historical building or property.

CHARACTER-DEFININGCHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURE.FEATURE. Those visual aspectsand physical elements that comprise the appearance of a historicalbuilding or property, and that are significant to its historical, archi-tectural and cultural values, including the overall shape of the his-torical building or property, its materials, craftsmanship, decorativedetails, interior spaces and features, as well as the various aspectsof its site and environment.

CULTURALCULTURAL RESOURCE.RESOURCE. Building, site, property, object or dis-trict evaluated as having significance in prehistory or history.

DISTINCTDISTINCT HAZARD.HAZARD. Any clear and evident condition that exists

as an immediate danger to the safety of the occupants or publicright of way. Conditions that do not meet the requirements of cur-rent regular codes and ordinances do not, of themselves, constitutea distinct hazard. Section 8-104.3, SHBC appeals, remains applic-able.

ENFORCINGENFORCING AGENCY,AGENCY, Authority Having Jurisdiction, LocalAgency with Jurisdiction. An entity with the responsibility for reg-ulating, enforcing, reviewing or otherwise that exerts control of oradministration over the process of gaining permits, approvals, deci-sions, variances, appeals for qualified historical buildings or prop-erties.

EXITEXIT LADDERLADDER DEVICE.DEVICE. An exit ladder device is a permanentlyinstalled, fixed, folding, retractable or hinged ladder intended for

use as a means of emergency egress from areas of the second orthird stories. Unless approved specifically for a longer length, theladder shall be limited to 25 feet (7620 mm) in length. Exit laddersare permitted where the area served by the ladder has an occupantload less than 10 persons.

FIREFIRE HAZARD.HAZARD. Any condition which increases or may contrib-ute to an increase in the hazard or menace of fire to a greater de-gree than customarily recognized by the authority having jurisdic-

tion, or any condition or act which could obstruct, delay, hinder interfere with the operations of firefighting personnel or the egre

of occupants in the event of fire. Section 8-104.3, SHBC appearemains applicable.

HISTORICALHISTORICAL FABRICFABRIC OROR MATERIALS.MATERIALS. Original and lateadded historically significant construction materials, architecturfinishes or elements in a particular pattern or configuration whicform a qualified historical property, as determined by the authorihaving jurisdiction.

HISTORICALHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE.SIGNIFICANCE. Importance for which a proerty has been evaluated and found to be historical, as determinby the authority having jurisdiction.

IMMINENTIMMINENT THREAT.THREAT. Any condition within or affecting a quaified historical building or property which, in the opinion of tauthority having jurisdiction, would qualify a building or properas dangerous to the extent that the life, health, property or safeof the public, its occupants or those performing necessary repastabilization or shoring work are in immediate peril due to condtions affecting the building or property. Potential hazards to pesons using, or improvements within, the right-of-way may not construed to be imminent threats solely for that reason if the haard can be mitigated by shoring, stabilization, barricades or temprary fences.

INTEGRITY.INTEGRITY. Authenticity of a building or property's historicidentity, evidenced by the survival of physical characteristics thexisted during the property's historical or prehistorical period significance.

LIFE-SAFETYLIFE-SAFETY EVALUATION.EVALUATION. An evaluation of the life-safe

hazards of a qualified historical building or property based on prcedures similar to those contained in NFPA 909, Standard for tProtection of Cultural Resources, Appendix B, Fire Risk Assesment in Heritage Premises.

LIFE SAFETY HAZARD.LIFE SAFETY HAZARD. See Distinct Hazard.

PERIODPERIOD OFOF SIGNIFICANCE.SIGNIFICANCE. The period of time when a quified historical building or property was associated with importaevents, activities or persons, or attained the characteristics for listing or registration.

PRESERVATION.PRESERVATION. The act or process of applying measures neessary to sustain the existing form, integrity and materials ofqualified historical building or property. Work, including prelim

inary measures to protect and stabilize the property, generally fcuses upon the ongoing maintenance and repair of historic matrials and features rather than extensive replacement and new costruction. New exterior additions are not within the scope of thtreatment; however, the limited and sensitive upgrading of mchanical, electrical and plumbing systems and other code-relatwork to make properties functional is appropriate within a presevation project.



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QUALIFIEDQUALIFIED HISTORICALHISTORICAL BUILDINGBUILDING OROR PROPERTY.PROPERTY. Asdefined in Health and Safety Code Section 18955 as QualifiedHistorical Building or Property. Any building, site, object, place,location, district or collection of structures, and their associatedsites, deemed of importance to the history, architecture or cultureof an area by an appropriate local, state or federal governmental ju-risdiction. This shall include historical buildings or properties on,or determined eligible for, national, state or local historical regis-ters or inventories, such as the National Register of Historic Places,

California Register of Historical Resources, State Historical Land-marks, State Points of Historical Interest, and city or county regis-ters, inventories or surveys of historical or architecturally signifi-cant sites, places or landmarks.

RECONSTRUCTION.RECONSTRUCTION. The act or process of depicting, by meansof new construction, the form, features and detailing of a nonsur-viving site, landscape, building, property or object for the purposeof replicating its appearance at a specific period of time.

REGULARREGULAR CODE.CODE. The adopted regulations that govern the de-sign and construction or alteration of nonhistorical buildings andproperties within the jurisdiction of the enforcing agency.

REHABILITATION.REHABILITATION. The act or process of making possible acompatible use for qualified historical building or property through

repair, alterations and additions while preserving those portions or

features which convey its qualified historical, cultural or architetural values.

RELOCATION.RELOCATION. The act or process of moving any qualified htorical building or property or a portion of a qualified historicbuilding or property to a new site, or a different location on tsame site.

REPAIR.REPAIR. Renewal, reconstruction or renovation of any portion an existing property, site or building for the purpose of its conti

ued use.RESTORATION.RESTORATION. The act or process of accurately depicting tform, features and character of a qualified building or property asappeared at a particular period of time by the means of the removof features from other periods in its history and reconstruction missing features from the restoration period. The limited and sentive upgrading of mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems aother code-required work to make properties functional is apprpriate within a restoration project.

STRUCTURE.STRUCTURE. That which is built or constructed, an edifice orbuilding of any kind, or any piece of work artificially built up composed of parts joined together in some definite manner.

TREATMENT.TREATMENT. An act of work to carry out preservation, restor

tion, stabilization, rehabilitation or reconstruction.


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CHAPTER 8-3CHAPTER 8-3USE AND OCCUPANCYUSE AND OCCUPANCY

SECTION 8-301SECTION 8-301PURPOSE AND SCOPEPURPOSE AND SCOPE

8-301.18-301.1 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of the CHBC is to provide regula-tions for the determination of occupancy classifications and condi-

tions of use for qualified historical buildings or properties.

8-301.28-301.2 Scope.Scope. Every qualified historical building or property forwhich a permit or approval has been requested shall be classifiedprior to permit issuance according to its use or the character of itsoccupancy in accordance with the regular code and applicable pro-visions of this chapter.

SECTION 8-302SECTION 8-302GENERALGENERAL

8-302.18-302.1 ExistingExisting use.use. The use or character of occupancy of a quali-fied historical building or property, or portion thereof, shall be per-mitted to continue in use regardless of any period of time in whichit may have remained unoccupied or in other uses, provided such

building or property otherwise conforms to all applicable require-ments of the CHBC.

8-302.28-302.2 ChangeChange inin occupancy.occupancy. The use or character of the occu-pancy of a qualified historical building or property may be changedfrom or returned to its historical use or character, provided thequalified historical building or property conforms to the require-ments applicable to the new use or character of occupancy as setforth in the CHBC. Such change in occupancy shall not mandateconformance with new construction requirements as set forth inregular code.

8-302.38-302.3 OccupancyOccupancy separations.separations. Required occupancy separationsof more than one hour may be reduced to one-hour fire-resistiveconstruction with all openings protected by not less than three-

fourths-hour fire-resistive assemblies of the self-closing orautomatic-closing type when the building is provided with an auto-matic sprinkler system throughout the entire building in accordancewith Section 8-410.4. Doors equipped with automatic-closing de-vices shall be of a type which will function upon activation of adevice which responds to products of combustion other than heat.

Required occupancy separations of one hour may be omitted whenthe building is provided with an automatic sprinkler systemthroughout.

8-302.48-302.4 MaximumMaximum floorfloor area.area. Regardless of the use or characterof occupancy, the area of a one-story qualified historical buildingor property may have, but shall not exceed, a floor area of 15,000

square feet (1393.5 m2) unless such an increase is otherwise per-

mitted in regular code. Multistory qualified historical buildings (in-cluding basements and cellars) shall be in accordance with regularcode requirements.

Exception:Exception: Historical buildings may be unlimited in floor areawithout fire-resistive area separation walls:

1. When provided with an automatic sprinkler, or2. Residential occupancies of two stories or less when provid-ed with a complete fire alarm and annunciation system andwhere the exiting system conforms to regular code.

8-302.58-302.5 MaximumMaximum height.height. The maximum height and number stories of a qualified historical building or property shall not blimited because of construction type, provided such height or number of stories does not exceed that of its historical design.

8-302.5.18-302.5.1 High-riseHigh-rise buildings.buildings. Occupancies B, F-1, F-2 or S high-rise buildings with floors located more than 75 feet abothe lowest floor level having building access may be permittwith only the stories over 75 feet provided with an automatic fisprinkler system if:

1. The building construction type and the exits conform to reglar code, and2. A complete building fire alarm and annunciation system is i

stalled, and3. A fire barrier is provided between the sprinklered and no

sprinklered floors.

8-302.6 Fire-resistive construction.8-302.6 Fire-resistive construction. See Chapter 8-4.

8-302.78-302.7 LightLight andand ventilation.ventilation. Existing provisions for light aventilation which do not, in the opinion of the enforcing agencconstitute a safety hazard may remain. See Section 8-303.6 for redential requirements. See Section 8-503 for Escape or Rescue Widows and Doors.

SECTION 8-303SECTION 8-303

RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIESRESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES

8-303.18-303.1 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of this section is to provide regultions for those buildings designated as qualified historical buildigs or properties and classified as occupancies. The CHBC requirenforcing agencies to accept any reasonably equivalent to the reglar code when dealing with qualified historical buildings and proerties.

8-303.28-303.2 Intent.Intent. The intent of the CHBC is to preserve the integriof qualified historical buildings and properties while maintainingreasonable degree of protection of life, health and safety for the ocupants.

8-303.38-303.3 ApplicationApplication andand scope.scope. The provisions of this secti

shall apply to all qualified historical buildings used for humhabitation. Those dwelling units intended only for display, or pulic use with no residential use involved, need not comply with trequirements of this section.



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8-303.4 Fire escapes.8-303.4 Fire escapes.See Chapter 8-5.

8-303.58-303.5 RoomRoom dimensions.dimensions. Rooms used for sleeping purposes

may contain a minimum of 50 square feet (4.6 m2) floor area, pro-vided there is maintained an average ceiling height of 7 feet (2134mm). Other habitable rooms need only be of adequate size to befunctional for the purpose intended.

8-303.68-303.6 LightLight andand ventilation.ventilation. Windows in habitable rooms shallhave an area of 6 percent of the floor area, or 6 square feet (0.56

m2), whichever is greater. Windows in sleeping rooms shall beopenable (see Section 8-503). Residential occupancies need not beprovided with electrical lighting.

8-303.78-303.7 AlterationAlteration andand repair.repair. The alteration and repair of quafied historical buildings or properties may permit the replacemenretention and extension of original materials and the continued uof original methods of construction, provided a life-safety hazardnot created or continued. Alterations and repairs shall be consistewith the CHBC.

The amount of alterations and repairs is not limited, provided theis no nonhistorical increase in floor area, volume or size of thbuilding or property.

8-303.8 Exiting.8-303.8 Exiting. See Chapter 8-5.


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CHAPTER 8-4CHAPTER 8-4FIRE PROTECTIONFIRE PROTECTION

SECTION 8-401SECTION 8-401PURPOSE, INTENT AND SCOPEPURPOSE, INTENT AND SCOPE

8-401.18-401.1 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to provide forfire protection of qualified historical buildings or properties. The

CHBC requires enforcing agencies to accept any reasonably equiv-alent to the regular code when dealing with qualified historicalbuildings or properties.

8-401.28-401.2 Intent.Intent. The intent of the CHBC is to preserve the integrityof qualified historical buildings or properties while maintaininga reasonable degree of fire protection based primarily on the lifesafety of the occupants and firefighting personnel.

8-401.38-401.3 Scope.Scope. This chapter shall apply when required by the pro-visions of Section 8-102.

SECTION 8-402SECTION 8-402FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTIONFIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION

8-402.18-402.1 ExteriorExterior wallwall construction.construction. The fire-resistance require-

ment for existing exterior walls and existing opening protectionmay be satisfied when an automatic sprinkler system designedfor exposure protection is installed per the CHBC. The automaticsprinklers may be installed on the exterior with at least one sprin-kler located over each opening required to be protected. Additionalsprinklers shall also be distributed along combustible walls underthe roof lines that do not meet the fire-resistive requirement dueto relationship to property lines as required by regular code. Suchsprinkler systems may be connected to the domestic water supplyon the supply-main side of the building shut-off valve. A shut-Off valve may be installed for the sprinkler system, provided it islocked in an open poisition.

8-402.28-402.2 One-hourOne-hour construction.construction. Upgrading an existing qualified

historical building or property to one-hour fire-resistive construc-tion and one-hour fire-resistive corridors shall not be required re-gardless of construction or occupancy when one of the following isprovided:1. An automatic sprinkler system throughout. See Section 8-410.2

for automatic sprinkler systems.2. An approved life-safety evaluation.3. Other alternative measures as approved by the enforcing

agency.

8-402.38-402.3 OpeningsOpenings inin fire-ratedfire-rated systems.systems. Historical glazing mate-rials and solid wood unrated doors in interior walls required to haveone-hour fire rating may be approved when operable windows anddoors are provided with appropriate smoke seals and when the areaaffected is provided with an automatic sprinkler system. See Sec-

tion 8-410 for automatic sprinkler systems.

SECTION 8-403SECTION 8-403INTERIOR FINISH MATERIALSINTERIOR FINISH MATERIALS

New nonhistorical interior wall and ceiling finish shall conform the provisions of the regular code. Existing nonconforming mateals used for wood lath and plaster walls, see Section 8-404.

Exception:Exception: When an automatic sprinkler system is providedthroughout the building, existing finishes shall be approved.

SECTION 8-404SECTION 8-404WOOD LATH AND PLASTERWOOD LATH AND PLASTER

Wood lath and plaster walls may be considered in accordance wicodes, standards and listings published prior to 1943 wherebywood stud wall assembly with gypsum or lime plaster on hand spor sawn wooden lath obtains a one-half-hour fire-resistive ratinThis rating may be increased for interior walls to as much as o

hour by filling the wall with mineral fiber or glass fiber.

SECTION 8-405SECTION 8-405OCCUPANCY SEPARATIONOCCUPANCY SEPARATION

See Chapter 8-3.

SECTION 8-406SECTION 8-406MAXIMUM FLOOR AREAMAXIMUM FLOOR AREA

See Chapter 8-3.

SECTION 8-407SECTION 8-407VERTICAL SHAFTSVERTICAL SHAFTS

Vertical shafts need not be enclosed when such shafts are blocke

at every floor level by the installation of not less than 2 full inch(51 mm) of solid wood or equivalent construction installed so as prevent the initial passage of smoke and flame. Automatic sprikler systems or other solutions may be considered on a case-bcase basis, in lieu of enclosure of vertical shafts and stairwells.

SECTION 8-408SECTION 8-408ROOF COVERINGROOF COVERING

Existing or original roofing materials may be repaired or recostructed subject to the following requirements:1. The original or historical roofing system shall be detailed

modified as necessary in order to be capable of providing sheter while preserving the historical materials and appearance the roof.

2. Wooden roof materials may be utilized where fire resistancerequired, provided they are treated with



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fire-retardant treatments to achieve a Class B roof coveringrating. Wood roofing in state designated Urban Wildland andHigh Fire Zones shall be permitted when installed in class Aassemblies.

3. Jurisdictions that prohibit wood roofing materials for applica-tion as roof coverings and roof assemblies shall submit docu-mentation for the adoption. Express Terms, statement of rea-sons and minutes of the action by the adopting authority Healthand Safety Code, Section 18959(f).

SECTION 8-409SECTION 8-409FIRE ALARM SYSTEMSFIRE ALARM SYSTEMS

Every qualified historical building or property shall be providedwith fire alarm systems as required for the use or occupancy by theregular code or other approved alternative.

SECTION 8-410SECTION 8-410AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMSAUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

8-410.18-410.1 Every qualified historical building or property which can-not be made to conform to the construction requirements specifiedin the regular code for the occupancy or use, and which constitutesa distinct fire hazard (for definition of distinct hazard, see Chap-ter 8-2), shall be deemed to be in compliance if provided with an

automatic sprinkler system or a life-safety system or other tech-nologies as approved by the enforcing agency. (Automatic is de-fined in the regular code. Sprinkler System is defined in this sec-tion.)

8-410.28-410.2 When required by the CHBC, an automatic sprinkler sys-tems is defined by the following standards (for nonhazardous oc-cupancies).1. Buildings of four stories or less: NFPA 13R, 2002 edition.2. For floors above the fourth, NFPA 13, 2002, SFM amended edi-

tion.

3. Buildings with floors above 75 feet, NFPA 13, 2002 edition.4. When the building is free standing or with property line separ

tion, two floors and 1500 sf per floor or less, NFPA 13D, 20Edition.

5. For exterior wall and opening protection. As required by thsection.

Exception:Exception: When the automatic sprinkler systems are used toreach compliance using this code, in three or more occasions,the system shall be NFPA standard 13D shall be increasedto NFPA 13R Standard, or NFPA 13R standard shall be in-creased to a NFPA 13 standard.

8-410.38-410.3 Automatic sprinkler systems shall not be used to substitufor or act as an alternate to the required number of exits from afacility. (See Chapter 8-5 for exiting requirements.)

8-410.48-410.4 An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in all dtention facilities.

SECTION 8-411SECTION 8-411OTHER TECHNOLOGIESOTHER TECHNOLOGIES

Fire alarm systems, smoke and heat detection systems, occupanotification and annunciation systems, smoke control systems afire modeling, times egress analysis and modeling, as well as oth

engineering methods and technologies may be accepted by the eforcing agency to address areas of non-conformance.

SECTION 8-412SECTION 8-412HIGH-RISE BUILDINGSHIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

Qualified historical buildings having floors for human occupanlocated more than 75 feet above the lowest floor level having builing access shall conform to the provisions of the regular code fexisting high-rise buildings as amended by the CHBC.


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CHAPTER 8-5CHAPTER 8-5MEANS OF EGRESSMEANS OF EGRESS


8-501.18-501.1 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to establish mini-mum means of egress regulations for qualified historical buildings

or properties. The CHBC requires enforcing agencies to accept rea-sonably equivalent alternatives to the means of egress requirementsin the regular code.

8-501.28-501.2 Intent.Intent. The intent of these regulations is to provide an ad-equate means of egress.

8-501.38-501.3 Scope.Scope. Every qualified historical building or portion there-of shall be provided with exits as required by the CHBC when re-quired by the provisions of Section 8-102.


8-502.18-502.1 General.General. The enforcing agency shall grant reasonable ex-ceptions to the specific provisions of applicable egress regulations

where such exceptions will not adversely affect life safety.

8-502.2.8-502.2. Existing door openings and corridor widths of less thandimensions required by regular code shall be permitted where thereis sufficient width and height for the occupants to pass through theopening or traverse the exit.

8-502.38-502.3 Stairs.Stairs. Existing stairs having risers and treads or width atvariance with the regular code are allowed if determined by the en-forcing agency to not constitute a distinct hazard. Handrails withnonconforming grip size or extensions are allowed if determinedby the enforcing agency to not constitute a distinct hazard.

8-502.48-502.4 MainMain entryentry doors.doors. The front or main entry doors need notbe rehung to swing in the direction of exit travel, provided other

means or conditions of exiting, as necessary to serve the total oc-cupant load, are provided.

8-502.58-502.5 ExistingExisting firefire escapes.escapes. Existing previously approved fireescapes and fire escape ladders shall be acceptable as one of therequired means of egress, provided they extend to the ground andare easily negotiated, adequately signed and in good working or-der. Access shall be by an opening having a minimum width of 29inches (737 mm) when open with a sill no more than 30 inches(762mm) above the adjacent floor, landing or approved step.

8-502.68-502.6 NewNew firefire escapesescapes andand firefire escapeescape ladders.ladders. New fire es-capes and fire escape ladders which comply with this section shallbe acceptable as one of the required means of egress. New fire es-capes and new fire escape ladders shall comply with the following:1. Access from a corridor shall not be through an intervening

room.

2. All openings within 10 feet (3048 mm) shall be protected three-fourths-hour fire assemblies. When located within a r

cess or vestibule, adjacent enclosure walls shall be of not lethan one-hour fire-resistive construction.3. Egress from the building shall be by a clear opening having

minimum dimension of not less than 29 inches (737 mm). Suopenings shall be openable from the inside without the use ofkey or special knowledge or effort. The sill of an opening giing access shall not be more than 30 inches (737 mm) above tfloor, steps or landing of the building or balcony.

4. Fire escape stairways and balconies shall support the dead loplus a live load of not less than 100 pounds per square fo

(4.79 kN/m2) and shall be provided with a top and intermediahandrail on each side. The pitch of the stairway shall not exce72 degrees with a minimum width of 18 inches (457 mmTreads shall not be less than 4 inches (102 mm) in width, an

the rise between treads shall not exceed 10 inches (254 mmAll stair and balcony railings shall support a horizontal force

not less than 50 pounds per lineal foot (729.5 N/m2 of railing5. Balconies shall not be less than 44 inches (1118 mm) in wid

with no floor opening other than the stairway opening greatthan 5/8 inch (15.9 mm) in width. Stairway openings in sucbalconies shall not be less than 22 inches by 44 inches (559 b1118 mm). The balustrade of each balcony shall not be less th36 inches (914 mm) high with not more than 9 inches (287 mmbetween balusters.

6. Fire escapes shall extend to the roof or provide an approvgooseneck ladder between the top floor landing and the rowhen serving buildings four or more stories in height havinroofs with less than 4 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (33percent slope). Fire escape ladders shall be designed and conected to the building to withstand a horizontal force of 10pounds (445 N) placed anywhere on the rung. All ladders shbe at least 15 inches (381 mm) wide, located within 12 inch(305 mm) of the building. Ladder rungs shall be inch (19mm) in diameter and shall be located 12 inches (305 mm) center. Openings for roof access ladders through cornices asimilar projections shall have minimum dimensions of 30 inces by 33 inches (762 by 838 mm).

The length of fire escapes and exit ladder devices shall be limited to that approved by the building official based on produclisted by a recognized testing laboratory.

7. The lowest balcony shall not be more than 18 feet (5486 mm

from the ground. Fire escapes shall extend to the ground or provided with counterbalanced stairs reaching to the ground.



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8. Fire escapes shall not take the place of stairways required by thecodes under which the building was constructed.

9. Fire escapes shall be kept clear and unobstructed at all timesand maintained in good working order.

SECTION 8-503SECTION 8-503ESCAPE OR RESCUE WINDOWS AND DOORSESCAPE OR RESCUE WINDOWS AND DOORS

Basements in dwelling units and every sleeping room below thefourth floor shall have at least one openable window or door ap-

proved for emergency escape which shall open directly into a pub-lic street, public way, yard or exit court. Escape or rescue windowsor doors shall have a minimum clear area of 3.3 square feet (0.31

m2) and a minimum width or height dimension of 18 inches (4mm) and be operable from the inside to provide a full, clear opeing without the use of special tools.

SECTION 8-504SECTION 8-504RAILINGS AND GUARDRAILSRAILINGS AND GUARDRAILS

The height of railings and guard railings and the spacing of baluters may continue in their historical height and spacing unlessdistinct hazard has been identified or created by a change in use occupancy.


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CHAPTER 8-6CHAPTER 8-6ACCESSIBILITYACCESSIBILITY


8-601.18-601.1 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of the CHBCCHBC is to provide alterna-tive regulations to facilitate access and use by persons with disabil-

ities to and throughout facilities designated as qualified historicalbuildings or properties. These regulations require enforcing agen-cies to accept alternatives to regular code when dealing with quali-fied historical buildings or properties.

8-601.28-601.2 Intent.Intent. The intent of this chapter is to preserve the integri-ty of qualified historical buildings and properties while providingaccess to and use by persons with disabilities.

8-601.38-601.3 Scope.Scope. The CHBCCHBC shall apply to every qualified historicalbuilding or property that is required to provide access to personswith disabilities.1. Provisions of this chapter do not apply to new construction or

reconstructionreplicas of historical buildings.2. Where provisions of this chapter apply to alteration of qualified

historical buildings or properties, alteration is defined in Cal-ifornia Building Code (CBC)(CBC), Chapter 2, Definitions and Ab-breviations. 202-A. Alter or Alteration.

8-601.48-601.4 GeneralGeneral application.application. The provisions in the CHBCCHBC applyto local, state and federal governments (Title II entities); alterationof commercial facilities and places of public accommodation (TitleIII entities); and barrier removal in commercial facilities and placesof public accommodation (Title III entities). Except as noted in thischapter.

SECTION 8-602SECTION 8-602BASIC PROVISIONSBASIC PROVISIONS

8-602.18-602.1 RegularRegular code.code. The regular code for access for people with

disabilities (Title 24, Part 2, Vol. 1, Chapter 11B) shall be appliedto qualified historical buildings or properties unless strict compli-ance with the regular code will threaten or destroy the historicalsignificance or character-defining features of the building or prop-erty.

8-602.28-602.2 AlternativeAlternative provisions.provisions. If the historical significance orcharacter-defining features are threatened, alternative provisionsfor access may be applied pursuant to this chapter, provided the fol-lowing conditions are met:1. These provisions shall be applied only on an item-by-item or a

case-by-case basis.2. Documentation is provided, including meeting minutes or let-

ters, stating the reasons for the application of the alternativeprovisions. Such documentation shall be retained in the perma-

nent file of the enforcing agency.

SECTION 8-603SECTION 8-603ALTERNATIVESALTERNATIVES

8-603.18-603.1 AlternativeAlternative minimumminimum standards.standards. The alternative minmum standards for alterations of qualified historical buildings facilities are contained in Section 4.1.7(3) ofADAADA Standards fAccessible Design, as incorporated and set forth in federal regultion 28 C.F.RC.F.RPt. 36.

8-603.28-603.2 Entry.Entry. These alternatives do not allow exceptions for trequirement of level landings in front of doors, except as providin Section 8-603.4.1. Access to any entrance used by the general public and no fu

ther than 200 feet (60 960 mm) from the primary entrance.2. Access at any entrance not used by the general public but op

and unlocked with directional signs at the primary entrance aas close as possible to, but no further than 200 feet (60 960 mmfrom, the primary entrance.

3. The accessible entrance shall have a notification system. Whesecurity is a problem, remote monitoring may be used.

8-603.3 Doors.8-603.3 Doors. Alternatives listed in order of priority are:1. Single-leaf door which provides a minimum 30 inches (7

mm) of clear opening.2. Single-leaf door which provides a minimum 29 inches (7

mm) clear opening.3. Double door, one leaf of which provides a minimum 29 inc

es (749 mm) clear opening.4. Double doors operable with a power-assist device to provide

minimum 29 inches (749 mm) clear opening when both dooare in the open position.

8-603.48-603.4 Power-assistedPower-assisted doors.doors. Power-assisted door or doors mbe considered as equivalent alternative to level landings, strikesiclearance and door-opening forces required by the regular code.

8-603.58-603.5 ToiletToilet rooms.rooms. In lieu of separate-gender toilet facilities required in the regular code, an accessible unisex toilet facility mbe designated.

8-603.68-603.6 ExteriorExterior andand interiorinterior rampsramps andand lifts.lifts. Alternatives listin order of priority are:1. A lift or a ramp of greater than standard slope but no grea

than 1:10, for horizontal distances not to exceed 5 feet (152mm). Signs shall be posted at upper and lower levels to indicasteepness of the slope.

2. Access by ramps of 1:6 slope for horizontal distance not to e

ceed 13 inches (330 mm). Signs shall be posted by upper anlower levels to indicate steepness of the slope.



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SECTION 8-604SECTION 8-604EQUIVALENT FACILITATIONEQUIVALENT FACILITATION

Use of other designs and technologies, or deviation from particulartechnical and scoping requirements, are permitted if the applicationof the alternative provisions contained in Section 8-603 wouldthreaten or destroy the historical significance or character-definingfeatures of the historical building or property.1. Such alternatives shall be applied only on an item-by-item or a

case-by-case basis.2. Access provided by experiences, services, functions, materials

and resources through methods including, but not limited to,maps, plans, videos, virtual reality and related equipment, at ac-cessible levels. The alternative design and/or technologies usedwill provide substantially equivalent or greater accessibility to,and usability of, the facility.

3. The official charged with the enforcement of the standards shdocument the reasons for the application of the design and/technologies and their effect on the historical significance character-defining features. Such documentation shall be in acordance with Section 8-602.2, Item 2, and shall include thopinion and comments of state or local accessibility officiaand the opinion and comments of representative local groupspeople with disabilities. Such documentation shall be retainin the permanent file of the enforcing agency. Copies of the rquired documentation should be available at the facility uprequest.

Note:Note: For commercial facilities and places of public ac-commodation (Title III entities).

Equivalent facilitation for an element of a building or properwhen applied as a waiver of an ADAADA accessibility requirement wnot be entitled to the Federal Department of Justice certification this code as rebuttable evidence of compliance for that element.


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CHAPTER 8-7CHAPTER 8-7STRUCTURAL REGULATIONSSTRUCTURAL REGULATIONS


8-701.18-701.1 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of the CHBCCHBC is to provide alter-native regulations for the structural safety of buildings designated

as qualified historical buildings or properties. The CHBCCHBC requiresenforcing agencies to accept any reasonably equivalent alternativesto the regular code when dealing with qualified historical buildingsor properties.

8-701.28-701.2 Intent.Intent. The intent of the CHBCCHBC is to encourage the preser-vation of qualified historical buildings or properties while provid-ing a reasonable level of structural safety for occupants and thepublic at large through the application of the CHBC.CHBC.

8-701.38-701.3 Application.Application. The alternative structural regulations provid-ed by Section 8-705 are to be applied in conjunction with the regu-lar code whenever a structural upgrade or reconstruction is under-taken for qualified historical buildings or properties.


8-702.18-702.1 The CHBCCHBC shall not be construed to allow the enforcingagency to approve or permit a lower level of safety of structural de-sign and construction than that which is reasonably equivalent tothe regular code provisions in occupancies which are critical to thesafety and welfare of the public at large, including, but not limitedto, public and private schools, hospitals, municipal police and firestations and essential services facilities.

8-702.28-702.2 Nothing in these regulations shall prevent voluntary andpartial seismic upgrades when it is demonstrated that such up-grades will improve life safety and when a full upgrade would nototherwise be required.

SECTION 8-703SECTION 8-703STRUCTURAL SURVEYSTRUCTURAL SURVEY

8-703.18-703.1 Scope.Scope. When a structure or portion of a structure is to beevaluated for structural capacity under the CHBCCHBC, it shall be sur-veyed for structural conditions by an architect or engineer knowl-edgeable in historical structures. The survey shall evaluate deteri-oration or signs of distress. The survey shall determine the detailsof the structural framing and the system for resistance of gravityand lateral loads. Details, reinforcement and anchorage of structur-al systems and veneers shall be determined and documented wherethese members are relied on for seismic resistance.

8-703.28-703.2 The results of the survey shall be utilized for evaluating thestructural capacity and for designing modifications to the structuralsystem to reach compliance with this code.

8-703.38-703.3 HistoricalHistorical records.records. Past historical records of the structureor similar structures may be used in the evaluation, including theeffects of subsequent alterations.

SECTION 8-704SECTION 8-704NONHISTORICAL ADDITIONS AND NONHISTORICALNONHISTORICAL ADDITIONS AND NONHISTORICAL

ALTERATIONSALTERATIONS

8-704.18-704.1 New nonhistorical additions and nonhistorical alteratiowhich are structurally separated from an existing historical struture shall comply with regular code requirements.

8-704.28-704.2 New nonhistorical additions which impose vertical or laeral loads on an existing structure shall not be permitted unless taffected part of the supporting structure is evaluated and strengtened, if necessary, to meet regular code requirements.

Note:Note: For use of archaic materials, see Chapter 8-8.

SECTION 8-705SECTION 8-705STRUCTURAL REGULATIONSSTRUCTURAL REGULATIONS

8-705.18-705.1 GravityGravity loads.loads. The capacity of the structure to resist graity loads shall be evaluated and the structure strengthened as necesary. The evaluation shall include all parts of the load path. Wheno distress is evident, and a complete load path is present, the struture may be assumed adequate by having withstood the test of timif anticipated dead and live loads will not exceed those historicapresent.

8-705.28-705.2 WindWind andand seismicseismic loads.loads. The ability of the structure to rsist wind and seismic loads shall be evaluated. The evaluation shbe based on the requirements of Section 8-706.

8-705.2.18-705.2.1 Any unsafe conditions in the lateral-load-resisting sytem shall be corrected, or alternative resistance shall be provideAdditional resistance shall be provided to meet the minimum rquirements of this code.

8-705.2.28-705.2.2 The architect or engineer shall consider additionmeasures with minimal loss of, and impact to, historical materiawhich will reduce damage and needed repairs in future eartquakes to better preserve the historical structure in perpetuitThese additional measures shall be presented to the owner fconsideration as part of the rehabilitation or restoration.

SECTION 8-706SECTION 8-706LATERAL LOAD REGULATIONSLATERAL LOAD REGULATIONS

8-706.18-706.1 LateralLateral loads.loads. The forces used to evaluate the structure fresistance to wind and seismic loads need not exceed 0.75 timthe seismic forces prescribed by the 1995 edition of the Californ

Building Code (CBC).(CBC). The seismic forces may be computed bas

on the Rw values tabulated in the regular code for similar lateraforce-resisting systems. All deviations



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of the detailing provisions of the lateral-force-resisting systemsshall be evaluated for stability and the ability to maintain load-car-rying capacity at increased lateral loads.

Unreinforced masonry bearing wall buildings shall comply withAppendix Chapter 1 of the Uniform Code for Building Conserva-

tionTM (UCBC(UCBCTMTM),),1994 edition, and as modified by this code.Reasonably equivalent standards may be used on a case-by-casebasis when approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

8-706.28-706.2 ExistingExisting buildingbuilding performance.performance. The seismic resistancemay be based upon the ultimate capacity of the structure to per-form, giving due consideration to ductility and reserve strength ofthe lateral-force-resisting system and materials while maintaininga reasonable factor of safety. Broad judgment may be exercised re-garding the strength and performance of materials not recognizedby regular code requirements. (See Chapter 8-8, Archaic Materialsand Methods of Construction.)

8-706.2.18-706.2.1 All structural materials or members that do not complywith detailing and proportioning requirements of the regular codeshall be evaluated for potential seismic performance and the con-sequence of noncompliance. All members which might fail andlead to possible collapse, or threaten life safety, when subject-

ed to seismic demands in excess of those prescribed in Section8-706.1, shall be judged unacceptable, and appropriate structur-

al strengthening shall be developed. Anchorages for veneers adecorative ornamentation shall be included in this evaluation.

8-706.38-706.3 LoadLoad path.path. A complete and continuous load path, incluing connections, from every part or portion of the structure to tground shall be provided for the required forces. It shall be verifithat the structure is adequately tied together to perform as a unwhen subjected to earthquake forces.

8-706.48-706.4 Parapets.Parapets. Parapets and exterior decoration shall be inve

tigated for conformance with regular code requirements for anchoage and ability to resist prescribed seismic forces.

An exception to regular code requirements shall be permitted fthose parapets and decorations which are judged not to be a hazato life safety.

8-706.58-706.5 NonstructuralNonstructural features.features. Nonstructural features of histoical structure, such as exterior veneer, cornices and decorationwhich might fall and create a life-safety hazard in an earthquakshall be investigated. Their ability to resist seismic forces shall verified, or the feature shall be strengthened.

8-706.5.18-706.5.1 Partitions and ceilings of corridors and stairways sering an occupant load of 30 or more shall be investigated to detemine their ability to remain in place when the building is subjec

ed to earthquake forces.


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CHAPTER 8-8CHAPTER 8-8ARCHAIC MATERIALS AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTIONARCHAIC MATERIALS AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION


8-801.18-801.1 Purpose.Purpose. The purpose of the CHBCCHBC is to provide regula-tions for the use of historical methods and materials of construction

that are at variance with regular code requirements or are not other-wise codified, in buildings or structures designated as qualified his-torical buildings or properties. The CHBCCHBC require enforcing agen-cies to accept any reasonably equivalent alternatives to the regularcode when dealing with qualified historical buildings or properties.

8-801.28-801.2 Intent.Intent. It is the intent of the CHBCCHBC to provide for the useof historical methods and materials of construction that are at vari-ance with specific code requirements or are not otherwise codified.

8-801.38-801.3 Scope.Scope. Any construction type or material that is, or was,part of the historical fabric of a structure is covered by this chapter.Archaic materials and methods of construction present in a histori-cal structure may remain or be reinstalled or be installed with newmaterials of the same class to match existing conditions.

SECTION 8-802SECTION 8-802GENERAL ENGINEERING APPROACHESGENERAL ENGINEERING APPROACHES

Allowable stresses or ultimate strengths for archaic materials shallbe assigned based upon similar conventional codified materials, oron tests as hereinafter indicated. The archaic materials and meth-ods of construction shall be thoroughly investigated for their detailsof construction in accordance with Section 8-703. Testing shall beperformed when applicable to evaluate existing conditions. The ar-chitect or structural engineer in responsible charge of the projectshall assign allowable stresses or ultimate strength values to archa-ic materials. Such assigned allowable stresses, or ultimate strengthvalues, shall not be greater than those provided for in the followingsections without adequate testing, and shall be subject to the con-

currence of the enforcing agency.

SECTION 8-803SECTION 8-803NONSTRUCTURAL ARCHAIC MATERIALSNONSTRUCTURAL ARCHAIC MATERIALS

Where nonstructural historical materials exist in uses which do notmeet the requirements of the regular code, their continued use is al-lowed by this code, provided that any public health and life-safetyhazards are mitigated subject to the concurrence of the enforcingagency.

SECTION 8-804SECTION 8-804ALLOWABLE CONDITIONS FOR SPECIFIC MATERIALSALLOWABLE CONDITIONS FOR SPECIFIC MATERIALS

Archaic materials which exist and are to remain in historical struc-

tures shall be evaluated for their condition and for loads requiredby this code. The structural survey required in Section 8-703 of thiscode shall document existing conditions, reinforcement, anchor-age, deterioration and other factors pertinent to establishing allow-

able stresses and adequacy of the archaic materials. The remainiportion of this chapter provides additional specific requirements f

commonly encountered archaic materials.

SECTION 8-805SECTION 8-805MASONRYMASONRY

For adobe, see Section 8-806.

8-805.18-805.1 ExistingExisting solidsolid masonry.masonry. Existing solid masonry walls any type, except adobe, may be allowed, without testing, a maimum value of nine pounds per square inch (62.1 kPa) in shewhere there is a qualifying statement by the architect or enginethat an inspection has been made, that mortar joints are filled anthat both brick and mortar are reasonably good. The allowabshear stress above applies to unreinforced masonry, except adobwhere the maximum ratio of unsupported height or length to thic

ness does not exceed 12, and where minimum quality mortar used or exists. Wall height or length is measured to supporting resisting elements that are at least twice as stiff as the tributawall. Stiffness is based on the gross section. Allowable shear stremay be increased by the addition of 10 percent of the axial direstress due to the weight of the wall directly above. Higher-qualimortar may provide a greater shear value and shall be tested in acordance with UBC Standard 21-6.

8-805.2 Stone masonry.8-805.2 Stone masonry.

8-805.2.18-805.2.1 Solid-backedSolid-backed stonestone masonry.masonry. Stone masonry solidbacked with brick masonry shall be treated as solid brick masonas described in Section 8-805.1 and in the UCBC,UCBC,provided reresentative testing and inspection verifies solid collar joints b

tween stone and brick and that a reasonable number of stones lwith the brick wythes as headers or that steel anchors are presenSolid stone masonry where the wythes of stone effectively ovelap to provide the equivalent header courses may also be treatas solid brick masonry.

8-805.2.28-805.2.2 IndependentIndependent wythewythe stonestone masonry.masonry. Stone masonwith independent face wythes may be treated as solid brick msonry as described in Section 8-805.1 and the UCBC,UCBC,providrepresentative testing and inspection verify that the core is essetially solid in the masonry wall and that steel ties are epoxied drilled holes between outer stone wythes at floors, roof and nto exceed 4 feet (1219 mm) on center in each direction, betweefloors and roof.

8-805.2.38-805.2.3 TestingTesting ofof stonestone masonry.masonry. Testing of stone masonshall be similar to UCBCUCBC Standard 21-6, except that representtive stones which are not interlocked shall be



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pulled outward from the wall and shear area appropriately calcu-lated after the test.

8-805.38-805.3 ReconstructedReconstructed walls.walls. Totally reconstructed walls utilizingoriginal brick or masonry, constructed similar to original, shall beconstructed in accordance with the regular code. Repairs or infillsmay be constructed in a similar manner to the original walls with-out conforming to the regular code.

SECTION 8-806SECTION 8-806

ADOBEADOBE

8-806.18-806.1 General.General. Unburned clay masonry may be constructed, re-constructed, stabilized or rehabilitated subject to this chapter. Al-ternative approaches which provide an equivalent or greater levelof safety may be used, subject to the concurrence of the enforcingagency.

8-806.28-806.2 Protection.Protection. Provisions shall be made to protect adobestructures from moisture and deterioration. The unreinforced adobeshall be maintained in reasonably good condition. Particular atten-tion shall be given to moisture content of adobe walls. Unmain-tained or unstabilized walls or ruins shall be evaluated for safe-ty based on their condition and stability. Additional safety mea-sures may be required subject to the concurrence of the enforcing

agency.

Requirements.Requirements. Unreinforced new or existing adobe walls shallmeet the following requirements. Existing sod or rammed earthwalls shall be considered similar to the extent these provisions ap-ply. Where existing dimensions do not meet these conditions, addi-tional strengthening measures may be required.1. One-story adobe load-bearing walls shall not exceed a height-

to-thickness ratio of 6.2. Two-story adobe buildings or structures height-to-thickness

wall ratio shall not exceed 5 at the ground floor and 6 at the sec-ond floor, and shall be measured at floor-to-floor height whenthe second floor and attic ceiling/roof are connected to the wallas described below.

3. Nonload-bearing adobe partitions and gable end walls shall beevaluated for stability and anchored against out-of-plane fail-ure.

4. A bond beam or equivalent structural element shall be providedat the top of all adobe walls, and for two-story buildings at thesecond floor. The size and configuration of the bond beam shallbe designed in each case to meet the requirements of the exist-ing conditions and provide an effective brace for the wall, to tiethe building together and connect the wall to the floor or roof.

8-806.48-806.4 RepairRepair oror reconstruction.reconstruction. Repair or reconstruction ofwall area may utilize unstabilized brick or adobe masonry designedto be compatible with the constituents of the existing adobe mate-rials.

8-806.58-806.5 ShearShear values.values. Existing adobe may be allowed a maximumvalue of four pounds per square inch (27.6 kPa) for shear, with noincrease for lateral forces.

8-806.68-806.6 Mortar.Mortar. Mortar may be of the same soil composition asthat used in the existing wall, or in new walls as necessary to becompatible with the adobe brick.

SECTION 8-807SECTION 8-807WOODWOOD

8-807.18-807.1 ExistingExisting woodwood diaphragmsdiaphragms oror walls.walls. Existing wood daphragms or walls of straight or diagonal sheating shall be assignshear resistance values appropriate with the fasteners and materiafunctioning in conjunction with the sheathing. The structural suvey shall determine fastener details and spacings and verify a lopath through floor construction. Shear values of Tables 8-8-A a

8-8-B.8-807.28-807.2 WoodWood lathlath andand plaster.plaster. Wood lath and plaster walls aceilings may be utilized using the shear values referenced in Setion 8-807.1.

8-807.38-807.3 ExistingExisting woodwood framing.framing. Existing wood framing membemay be assigned allowable stresses consistent with codes in effeat the time of construction. Existing or new replacement wooframing may be of archaic types originally used if properly rsearched, such as balloon and single wall. Wood joints such dovetail and mortise and tenon types may be used structurally, prvided they are well made. Lumber selected for use and type nenot bear grade marks, and greater or lesser species such as lowlevel pine and fir, box-wood and indigenous hardwoods and oth

variations may be used for specific conditions where they were would have been used.

Wood fasteners such as square or cut nails may be used with a maimum increase of 50 percent over wire nails for shear.

SECTION 8-808SECTION 8-808CONCRETECONCRETE

8-808.18-808.1 Materials.Materials. Natural cement concrete, unreinforced rubbconcrete and similar materials may be utilized wherever that matrial is used historically. Concrete of low strength and with less rinforcement than required by the regular code may remain in placThe architect or engineer shall assign appropriate values of strengbased on testing of samples of the materials. Bond and develoment lengths shall be determined based on historical informatior tests.

8-808.28-808.2 Detailing.Detailing. The architect or engineer shall carefully evalate all detailing provisions of the regular code which are not mand shall consider the implications of these variations on the ulmate performance of the structure, giving due consideration to dutility and reserve strength.

SECTION 8-809SECTION 8-809STEEL AND IRONSTEEL AND IRON

The hand-built, untested use of wrought or black iron, the use cast iron or grey iron, and the myriad of joining methods that anot specifically allowed by code may be used wherever applicble and wherever they have proven their worth under the consi

erable span of years involved with most qualified historical strutures. Uplift capacity should be evaluated and


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strengthened where necessary. Fixed conditions or midheight lat-eral loads on cast iron columns that could cause failure should betaken into account. Existing structural wrought, forged steel or greyiron may be assigned the maximum working stress prevalent at thetime of original construction.

SECTION 8-810SECTION 8-810HOLLOW CLAY TILEHOLLOW CLAY TILE

The historical performance of hollow clay tile in past earthquakes

shall be carefully considered in evaluating walls of hollow claytile construction. Hollows clay tile bearing walls shall be evaluatedand strengthened as appropriate for lateral loads and their abilityto maintain support of gravity loads. Suitable protective measuresshall be provided to prevent blockage of exit stairways, stairwayenclosures, exit ways and public ways as a result of an earthquake.

SECTION 8-811SECTION 8-811VENEERSVENEERS

8-811.18-811.1 TerraTerra cottacotta andand stone.stone. Terra cotta, cast stone and naturalstone veneers shall be investigated for the presence of suitable an-

chorage. Steel anchors shall be investigated for deterioration corrosion. New or supplemental anchorage shall be provided as apropriate.

8-811.28-811.2 Anchorage.Anchorage. Brick veneer with mechanical anchorage spacings greater than required by the regular code may remain, prvided the anchorages have not corroded. Nail strength in withdrawal in wood sheathing may be utilized to its capacity in accordanwith code values.

SECTION 8-812SECTION 8-812GLASS AND GLAZINGGLASS AND GLAZING

8-812.18-812.1 GlazingGlazing subjectsubject toto humanhuman impact.impact. Historical glazing mterial located in areas subject to the human impact may be aproved subject to the concurrence of the enforcing agency whalternative protective measures are provided. These measures minclude, but not

2010californiahistoricalbuildingcode_gov.ca.bsc.2010.08

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