2011 IR-4 ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE

PROGRAM UPDATE

K Hester, C. Palmer, E. Vea, J. Baron, and E. Lurvey

2011 Summary of

Postemergent Liverwort Control in Ornamental Containers

Objective: Postemergence Management of Liverwort

Photo by S. Tsjesvold

Enclosed Structures

Liverwort Efficacy Herbicides Product (active ingredient) Rate(s) Bryophyter (oregano oil extract) 1%; 2%

FlowerPharm (cinnamon oil) 5%, 10%

GreenMatch (d-limonene) 14%; 20%

Racer 40% (ammonium nonanoate) 0.5%; 0.75%

Scythe (pelargonic acid) 5%; 10% SureGuard (flumioxazin) 12 oz per acre + NIS Sporotec 1.5 fl oz/gal Tower 63.9%EC (dimethenamid-p) 32 fl oz per acre TerraCyte Pro (sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate) Granular: 7.5 lb per 1000 sq. ft.

WeedPharm (acetic acid 20%) 5%; 10%; 20% *Silwett (silicone surfactant) 1%

Liverwort Efficacy Materials & Methods

• Applications • When liverwort covered 50% - 75% of pot surface • Volume: 90 to 100 GPA, over the top • Retreat at 25% or more regrowth, up to 4 applications • ½” irrigation 4 to 6 hrs. after application

• Evaluations • At 1, 2, 4 weeks after treatment • Scale: 0 to 10; 0 = No efficacy and 10 = Complete Kill

Photo by Senesac

Photos by Luke Case, OSU

2011 Participating Researchers

• Dr. Hannah Mathers • Dr. Ed Peachey • Dr. Andy Senesac • Dr. Cheryl Wilen

Mean Liverwort Control Across Experiments Product Rate No. of

Experiments 1

WAT 2

WAT 4

WAT 6

WAT 8

WAT 10

WAT 12

WAT Bryophyter 1% v/v 1 10 10 9 8 7 8 8 Bryophyter 2% v/v 5 8.9 9 8.6 7.3 8.3 9 10 GreenMatch 14% v/v 1 10 10 9 7 10 10 10 GreenMatch 20% v/v 5 9.8 9.6 8.5 8.1 7 8.4 7.4 Racer 5% v/v 2 8 8 7.8 4 9 9 8 Racer 10% v/v 5 6.7 5.9 5.4 6.7 5.5 7.7 5.3 Scythe 3% 1 10 10 10 9 9 9 8 Scythe 5% 3 7 7.2 6.9 7 6.1 7.6 5.2 SureGuard + 0.25% NIS

4 oz/A 4 5.7 7.1 9.2 9.2 9.2 7 5

SureGuard 7.5 fl oz/A 1 1.2 1.7 5.4 - - - -

SureGuard 12 oz/A 2 6.5 8.6 8.2 8.7 5.8 6 5.6 TerraCyte Pro G 10 lb/1000 ft 5 9.9 7.4 6.1 7.5 9.1 8.2 7.5

WeedPharm 5% v/v 1 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 WeedPharm + Silwet

5% v/v 1% v/v

1 10 10 10 10 10 9 9

WeedPharm 10% v/v 4 9.8 9.8 9.6 9.3 9.7 9 10 Silwet 1% v/v 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 Untreated --- 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Product Rate No. of Experiments

1 WAT

2 WAT

4 WAT

6 WAT

8 WAT

10 WAT

12 WAT

FlowerPharm 5% v/v 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 FlowerPharm 10% v/v 2 3.6 3.5 2.6 2 3 2 1

Sporotec 1.5 fl oz/gal 3

2.4 2.3 1.7 1 0.6 1 0

Tower 32 fl oz/A

6 1.4 2.8 4 4.4 5.5 2.5 1.7

Tower 64 fl oz/A 1

1.5 2 5.9 - - - -

Untreated --- 6 0 0 0

Con’t Mean Liverwort Control Across Experiments

Conclusions • Treatments where multiple applications provided acceptable

postemergence control of Liverwort in two or more experiments: Bryophyter (2%) Greenmatch (20%) Racer (5%) Scythe (5%) WeedPharm (10%) TerraCyte Pro G (10 lb/1000 sq. ft.) SureGuard (4 oz & 12oz/A), generally needs 1 application

Conclusions, con’t • FlowerPharm, Sporotec, Tower did not provide adequate

control at tested rates.

What’s next? • Crop Safety of Liverwort Products in 2012.

Preliminary data courtesy of Mathers/Case (2011):

Racer over top of hydrangea ‘Forever red’ at 2 weeks after 2nd application. Notice abundance of liverwort.

SureGuard over ‘My monet’ weigela at BFN at 9 WAT.

Terracyte Pro G over hydrangea ‘Forever red’ at 5 WAT. Notice some spotting and leaf necrosis on edges of leaves.

Acknowledgements • Regional Field Coordinators

• Michelle Foo • Edith Lurvey

• Satoru Miyazaki • Paul Schwartz

• Becky Sisco and Mika Tolson

• All the researchers who participated