2011 state teacher policy yearbook

8/3/2019 2011 State Teacher Policy Yearbook

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pg jorz~j plj hbpzhc hbbz~hb{ g plj ohc v~g`zbp/ Jyj~{ rphpj g~ahcc{ ~jbjkyj` h `~hp g plj [jh~ngge ko Mzc{ >688

g~ bgaajop ho` bg~~jbpkgo5 rphpjr hcrg ~jbjkyj` h ohc `~hp g pljk~ ~jvg~pr h agopl v~kg~ pg ~jcjhrj/ Hcc nzp goj rphpj

~jrvgo`j` pg gz~ koxzk~kjr/ Tlkcj rphpjr g ogp hcth{r hd~jj tkpl plj ~jbgaajo`hpkgor# pljk~ tkcckodojrr pg hbeogtcj`dj

plj kavj~jbpkgor g pljk~ pjhblj~ vgckbkjr kr ho kavg~phop ~rp rpjv pgth~` ~jg~a/

Tj hcrg plhoe plj aho{ rphpj vjorkgo ngh~`r plhp ~jykjtj` gz~ `~hpr ho` ~jrvgo`j` pg gz~ koxzk~kjr/

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oDjg~dj Dzo` Igzo`hpkgo

Plj Ohpkgohc Bgzobkc go Pjhblj~ Xzhckp{ gjr ogp hbbjvp ho{ k~jbp zo`kod ~ga plj j`j~hc dgyj~oajop/

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hp JIH Rgczpkgor g~ plj g~kdkohc [jh~ngge `jrkdo ho` godgkod pjblokbhc rzvvg~p/


3/164

OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

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J|jbzpkyj Rzaah~{

H~jh D~h`jr >688 >66;

H~jh 8 @jckyj~kod Tjcc V~jvh~j` Pjhblj~r B! B

H~jh > J|vho`kod plj Pjhblkod Vggc B B

H~jh 2 K`jopk{kod Jjbpkyj Pjhblj~r I @!

H~jh 0 ^jphkokod Jjbpkyj Pjhblj~r B B

H~jh : J|kpkod Kojjbpkyj Pjhblj~r @% @%

Lkdlckdlpr ~ga ~jbjp v~gd~jrr k Yk~dkkh kbcz`j=o Vj~g~ahobj vh{

Ig~ yj {jh~r ~zookod# plj Ohpkgohc Bgzobkc go Pjhblj~ Xzhckp{ ,OBPX+ lhr p~hbej` rphpjr pjhblj~ vgck!bkjr# v~jvh~kod h `jphkcj` ho` plg~gzdl bgavjo`kza g pjhblj~ vgckb{ ko plj Zokpj` Rphpjr go pgvkbr~jchpj` pg pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo# ckbjorz~j# jyhczhpkgo# bh~jj~ h`yhobjajop# pjoz~j# bgavjorhpkgo# vjo!rkgor ho` `krakrrhc/

Plj >688 Rphpj Pjhblj~ Vgckb{ [jh~ngge kobcz`jr OBPXr nkjookhc# zcc ~jykjt g plj rphpj chtr# ~zcjrho` ~jdzchpkgor plhp dgyj~o plj pjhblkod v~gjrrkgo/ Plkr {jh~r ~jvg~p ajhrz~jr rphpj v~gd~jrr hdhkorph rjp g 29 vgckb{ dghcr gbzrj` go ljcvkod rphpjr vzp ko vchbj h bgav~jljorkyj ~hajtg~e ko rzvvg~p gv~jvh~kod# ~jphkokod ho` ~jth~ kod jjbpkyj pjhblj~r/ Ig~ plj ~rp pkaj# plj [jh~ngge kobcz`jr h v~gd~jrr~hpkod g~ rphpjr go dghcr plhp lhyj njjo ajhrz~j` gyj~ pkaj/ Ho gyj~hcc v~gd~jrr ~hoekod kr hcrg kobcz`j`#rlgtkod lgt rphpjr bgavh~j pg jhbl gplj~ ko agykod g~th~` go pljk~ pjhblj~ vgckbkjr/

Yk~dkkh hp h Dchbj

Gyj~hcc >688 [jh~ngge D~h`j= @%g >66; { D`= @%

Gyj~hcc V~gd~jrr

V~gd~jrr~hoekod

hagod rphpjr

Hagzop giv~gd~jrr

bgavh~j` pggplj~ rphpjr

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4/164

> = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

Lgt krYk~dkkhIhkd7

H~jh > J|vh`kd plj Vggc g Pjhblj~r B

H~jh 8 @jckyj~kd Tjcc V~jvh~j` Pjhblj~r B!

Vgckb{ Rp~jdplr

o Pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har h~j ~jxzk~j` pg h``~jrrplj rbkjobj g ~jh`kod# ho` pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr azrpvhrr h pjrp pg jorz~j eogtcj`dj/

o Ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~r ah{ ogp pjhbl go h E! rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo bj~pkbhpkgo/

o H vj`hdgd{ pjrp kr ogp ~jxzk~j` hr h bgo`kpkgo g

ckbjorz~j/

o ^jxzk~jajopr g~ pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo g ogp jorz~j h

lkdl!xzhckp{ rpz`jop pjhblkod j|vj~kjobj/

o Plj pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~ha hvv~gyhc v~gbjrr`gjr ogp lgc` v~gd~har hbbgzophncj g~ plj xzhckp{ g

plj pjhblj~r plj{ v~g`zbj/

Vgckb{ Tjhejrrjr

o Plj rphpj gjr ogp gj~ h ckbjorj tkpl akokahc

~jxzk~jajopr plhp tgzc` hccgt bgopjop j|vj~pr pgpjhbl vh~p pkaj/

o Gzp!g!rphpj pjhblj~r h~j ogp ~jxzk~j` pg ajjp pljrphpjr pjrpkod ~jxzk~jajopr# ho` plj~j h~j h``kpkgohc

gnrphbcjr plhp g ogp rzvvg~p ckbjorz~j ~jbkv~gbkp{//


5/164


= 2

Lgt krYk~dkkhIhkd7

H~jh : J|kpkd Kjjbpkyj Pjhblj~r @%

H~jh 2 K`jpk{kd Jjbpkyj Pjhblj~r IVgckb{ Rp~jdplr

H~jh 0 ^jphkkd Jjbpkyj Pjhblj~r BVgckb{ Rp~jdplr

o Hcc ojt pjhblj~r ~jbjkyj ajopg~kod/

o @krp~kbpr h~j dkyjo zcc hzplg~kp{ g~ lgt pjhblj~r h~j

vhk`# hcplgzdl plj{ h~j ogp `krbgz~hdj` ~ga nhrkod

rhch~{ rblj`zcjr rgcjc{ go {jh~r g j|vj~kjobj ho`

h`yhobj` jd~jjr/

o Pjhblj~r bho ~jbjkyj h``kpkgohc bgavjorhpkgo g~

tg~ekod ko lkdl!ojj` rblggcr g~ rlg~phdj rznmjbp

h~jhr# ho` pjhblj~r ko rgaj krp~kbpr bho ~jbjkyjvj~g~ahobj vh{/

Vgckb{ Rp~jdplr

o Hcc pjhblj~r g bg~j!rznmjbp h~jhr azrp vhrr hcc

~jxzk~j` rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrpr hr h bgo`kpkgo g kokpkhc

ckbjorz~j/

Vgckb{ Tjhejrrjr

o Plj rphpj hph r{rpja gjr ogp lhyj plj bhvhbkp{ pg

v~gyk`j jyk`jobj g pjhblj~ jjbpkyjojrr/

o Gnmjbpkyj jyk`jobj g rpz`jop cjh~okod kr ogp pljv~jvgo`j~hop b~kpj~kgo g pjhblj~ jyhczhpkgor/

o Hoozhc jyhczhpkgor g~ hcc pjhblj~r h~j ogp ~jxzk~j`/

o Pjoz~j jbkrkgor h~j ogp bgoojbpj` pg jyk`jobj gpjhblj~ jjbpkyjojrr/

o Ckbjorz~j h`yhobjajop ho` ~jojthc h~j ogp nhrj` go

pjhblj~ jjbpkyjojrr/

o Ckppcj rblggc!cjyjc hph h~j ~jvg~pj` plhp bho ljcv

rzvvg~p plj jxzkphncj krp~knzpkgo g pjhblj~ phcjop/

Vgckb{ Tjhejrrjr

o V~gjrrkgohc jyjcgvajop kr ogp hckdoj` tkpl o`kodr

~ga pjhblj~r jyhczhpkgor/

o Plj rphpj gjr ogp rzvvg~p h``kpkgohc bgavjorhpkgog~ ~jcjyhop v~kg~ tg~e j|vj~kjobj/

o Pjhblj~r h~j goc{ gj~j` h `joj` njojp vjorkgovcho hr pljk~ aho`hpg~{ vjorkgo vcho# ho` vjorkgo

vgckbkjr h~j ogp vg~phncj# ij|kncj g~ hk~ pg hcc pjhblj~r/

o Plj vjorkgo r{rpja ~jxzk~jr j|bjrrkyj ~jrgz~bjr/

o ^jpk~jajop njojpr h~j jpj~akoj` n{ h g~azch plhp

kr ogp ojzp~hc# ajhokod plhp vjorkgo tjhcpl gjr ogphbbzazchpj zokg~ac{ g~ jhbl {jh~ h pjhblj~ tg~er/

Vgckb{ Tjhejrrjr

o Plj~j kr og hrrz~hobj plhp pjoz~j` pjhblj~r tlg

~jbjkyj zorhpkrhbpg~{ jyhczhpkgor tkcc nj vchbj` go

rp~zbpz~j` kav~gyjajop vchor g~ plhp plj{ tkcc nj

jckdkncj g~ krakrrhc k plj{ hkc pg kav~gyj/

o Kojjbpkyj bchrr~gga vj~g~ahobj kr ogp d~gzo`r g~

`krakrrhc# ho` plj rphpj bgzc` g ag~j pg jorz~j plhp

plj hvvjhc v~gbjrr g~ pjhblj~ krakrrhc gbbz~r tkplko

h ~jhrgohncj pkaj ~haj/

o Vj~g~ahobj kr ogp bgork`j~j` ko jpj~akokod tlkblpjhblj~r pg ch{ g z~kod ~j`zbpkgor ko g~bj/


6/164

0 = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

Yk~dkkh Dghc Rzaah~{

H~jh 8= @jckyj~kd Tjcc V~jvh~j` Pjhblj~r

8!h= hàrro op vpo vdar

8!n= jaop Pb vpo

8!B= Pb vpo o ~òdkorpzbpo

8!@= Pb vpo o Apapbr

8!j= A`` Rb Pb vpo

8!I= Rbo` Pb vpo

8!D= Rbo` Pb vpo oRbob

8!l= Rbo` Pb vpo oRb Rpz`r

8!k= Rb j`zbpo Pb vpo

8!M= hrrrrod vrro eot d

8!e= Rpzòp Pbod

8!c= Pb vpo vdahbbzopp

H~jh >= J|vh`kd plj Vggc g Pjhblj~r

>!h= hpop ~zp jdp

>!n= hpop ~zp vpo

>!B= hpop ~zp Zrd o` v`r

>!@= vp Pa Pbod cborr

>!j= cborz ~bbp

H~jh 2= K`jpk{kd Jjbpkyj Pjhblj~r

2!h= Rpp @p Rrpar

2!n= jzpo jbporr

2!B= Ixzob jzpor

2!@= Poz

2!j= cborz hòbaop

2!I= jxzp @rpzpo

H~jh 0= ^jphkkd Jjbpkyj Pjhblj~r

0!h= ko`zbpo

0!n= vrro @aop

0!B= v Rbr

0!@= Baorpo v Tjob

0!j= @op v

0!I= vaob v

0!D= voro Ip

0!l= voro Rzrpop

0!k= voro Ozpp

H~jh := J|kpkd Kjjbpkyj Pjhblj~r

:!h= cborz cr

:!n= Zorprbp jzpor

:!B= @rarr v vaob

:!@= ~`zbpor o Ib

Dghc N~jhe`gt

Nr Vhk 8

I Ar :

oh Ar 0 Vhkh Ar 9

G Ar h Rah Vh

V~gd~jrr g Dghcr Rkbj >66;

8 6 >< 4


7/164


= :

Hngzp plj [jh~ngge

Plj Ohpkgohc Bgzobkc go Pjhblj~ Xzhckp{ ,OBPX+ lhr cgod h~dzj` plhp og j`zbhpkgohc kav~gyjajop rp~hpjdkjr

rphpjr phej go h~j ckejc{ pg lhyj h d~jhpj~ kavhbp plho vgckbkjr plhp rjje pg ah|kak}j pjhblj~ jjbpkyjojrr/ Ko plkr

pl j`kpkgo g plj Rphpj Pjhblj~ Vgckb{ [jh~ngge# OBPX v~gyk`jr h `jphkcj` j|hakohpkgo g rphpj chtr# ~zcjr ho`

~jdzchpkgor plhp dgyj~o plj pjhblkod v~gjrrkgo# bgyj~kod plj zcc n~jh`pl g vgckbkjr kobcz`kod pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo#

ckbjorz~j# jyhczhpkgo# bh~jj~ h`yhobjajop# pjoz~j# bgavjorhpkgo# vjorkgor ho` `krakrrhc/

Plj [jh~ngge kr h :>!ygczaj bgavjo`kza g bzrpgak}j` rphpj ~jvg~pr g~ plj :6 rphpjr ho` plj @krp~kbp g

Bgczankh# hr tjcc hr h ohpkgohc rzaah~{ gyj~ykjt# ajhrz~kod rphpj v~gd~jrr hdhkorp h rjp g 29 rvjbkb vgckb{

dghcr/ Hcc g plj ~jvg~pr h~j hyhkchncj ~ga OBPXr tjnrkpj hp ttt/bpx/g~d'rpv{/

Plj 29 [jh~ngge dghcr h~j gbzrj` go ljcvkod rphpjr vzp ko vchbj h bgav~jljorkyj vgckb{ ~hajtg~e ko rzvvg~p g

v~jvh~kod# ~jphkokod ho` ~jth~ kod jjbpkyj pjhblj~r/ Plj dghcr tj~j jyjcgvj` nhrj` go kovzp ho` godgkod jj`!

nhbe ~ga rphpj gbkhcr# v~hbpkpkgoj~r# vgckb{ d~gzvr ho` gplj~ j`zbhpkgo g~dhok}hpkgor# hr tjcc hr ~ga OBPXr

gto ohpkgohcc{ ~jrvjbpj` h`ykrg~{ ngh~`/ Pljrj dghcr ajjp yj b~kpj~kh g~ ho jjbpkyj ~jg~a ~hajtg~e=

8/ Plj{ h~j rzvvg~pj` n{ h rp~god ~hpkgohcj# d~gzo`j` ko plj njrp ~jrjh~bl hyhkchncj/ Plj ~hpkgohcj ho`

~jrjh~bl bkphpkgor rzvvg~pkod jhbl dghc bho nj gzo` hp ttt/bpx/g~d'rpv{/

>/ Plj{ gj~ v~hbpkbhc ~hplj~ plho vkj!ko!plj!re{ rgczpkgor g~ kav~gykod pjhblj~ xzhckp{/

2/ Plj{ phej go plj pjhblkod v~gjrrkgor agrp v~jrrkod ojj`r# kobcz`kod ahekod plj v~gjrrkgo ag~j

~jrvgorkyj pg plj bz~~jop chng~ ah~ejp/

0/ Plj{ h~j# g~ plj agrp vh~p# ~jchpkyjc{ bgrp ojzp~hc/

:/ Plj{ ~jrvjbp plj cjdkpkahpj bgorp~hkopr plhp rgaj rphpjr hbj rg plhp plj dghcr bho tg~e ko hcc :6 rphpjr/

Plj ojj` pg jorz~j plhp hcc blkc`~jo lhyj jjbpkyj pjhblj~r lhr bhvpz~j` plj hppjopkgo g plj vznckb ho` vgckb{!

ahej~r hb~grr plj bgzop~{ ckej ojyj~ njg~j/ Plj [jh~ngge gj~r rphpj rblggc blkjr# rblggc ngh~`r# cjdkrchpz~jr

ho` plj aho{ h`ygbhpjr tlg v~jrr lh~` g~ ~jg~a h bgob~jpj rjp g ~jbgaajo`hpkgor hr plj{ tg~e pg ah|kak}j

pjhblj~ xzhckp{ g~ pljk~ rpz`jopr/


8/164


Lgt pg ^jh` plj [jh~ngge

OBPX ~hpjr rphpj pjhblj~ vgckb{ ko rjyj~hc th{r/

Ig~ jhbl g plj 29 ko`kyk`zhc pjhblj~ vgckb{ dghcr# rphpjr ~jbjkyj ptg ~hpkodr/ Plj ~rp ~hpkod ko`kbhpjr tljplj~# g~

pg tlhp j|pjop# h rphpj lhr ajp plj dghc/ OBPX zrjr pljrj hakckh~ d~hvlkbr pg ko`kbhpj plj j|pjop pg tlkbl jhbl

dghc lhr njjo ajp=

H ojt jhpz~j g plkr {jh~r [jh~ngge kr h v~gd~jrr ~hpkod g~ jhbl dghc OBPX lhr ajhrz~j` gyj~ pkaj/ Pljrj ~hpkodr

h~j kopjo`j` pg dkyj rphpjr h ajhokodzc rjorj g plj blhodjr ko pjhblj~ vgckb{ rkobj plj >66; [jh~ngge thr

vznckrlj`/ Zrkod plj r{angcr njcgt# OBPX `jpj~akojr tljplj~ jhbl rphpj lhr h`yhobj` go plj dghc# k plj rphpj

vgckb{ lhr ~jahkoj` zoblhodj`# g~ k plj rphpj lhr hbpzhcc{ cgrp d~gzo` go plhp pgvkb/

Rgaj dghcr h~j ah~ej` tkpl plkr r{angc # tlkbl ko`kbhpjr plhp plj nh~ lhr njjo ~hkrj` g~ plkr dghc rkobj plj

>66; [jh~ngge/ Tkpl aho{ rphpjr ahekod bgork`j~hncj v~gd~jrr ko h`yhobkod pjhblj~ jjbpkyjojrr vgckb{# OBPX

~hkrj` plj rpho`h~`r g~ rgaj dghcr tlj~j plj nh~ lh` njjo xzkpj cgt/ Hr plkr ah{ lhyj h ojdhpkyj kavhbp go rgaj

rphpjr rbg~jr# plgrj dghcr h~j hcth{r ah~ej` tkpl plj hngyj r{angc/

Rphpjr ~jbjkyj d~h`jr ko plj yj dghc h~jhr zo`j~ tlkbl plj 29 dghcr h~j g~dhok}j`= 8+ `jckyj~kod tjcc v~jvh~j`

pjhblj~r5 >+ j|vho`kod plj vggc g pjhblj~r5 2+ k`jopk{kod jjbpkyj pjhblj~r5 0+ ~jphkokod jjbpkyj pjhblj~r ho`

:+ j|kpkod kojjbpkyj pjhblj~r/ Rphpjr hcrg ~jbjkyj ho gyj~hcc d~h`j plhp rzaah~k}jr rphpj vj~g~ahobj hb~grr plj

yj dghc h~jhr# dkykod ho gyj~hcc vj~rvjbpkyj go lgt rphpjr ajhrz~j zv hdhkorp OBPX njoblah~er/ Ojt plkr {jh~#

rphpjr hcrg ~jbjkyj ho gyj~hcc v~gd~jrr ~hoekod# ko`kbhpkod lgt azbl v~gd~jrr jhbl rphpj lhr ah`j bgavh~j` pg

gplj~ rphpjr/

Hr hcth{r# plj [jh~ngge v~gyk`jr h `jphkcj` oh~~hpkyj hbbgzopkod g plj vgckb{ rp~jodplr ho` tjheojrrjr ko jhbl

vgckb{ h~jh g~ jhbl rphpj ho` g~ plj ohpkgo hr h tlgcj/ Njrp v~hbpkbjr h~j lkdlckdlpj`/ Plj ~jvg~pr h~j hcrg blgbezcc g ~jh`j~!~kjo`c{ blh~pr ho` phncjr plhp v~gyk`j h ohpkgohc vj~rvjbpkyj go jhbl dghc ho` rj~yj hr h xzkbe ~jj~jobj

go lgt rphpjr vj~g~a ~jchpkyj pg goj hogplj~# dghc n{ dghc/

Hogplj~ ojt jhpz~j plkr {jh~ ahejr kp jhrkj~ pg `krpkodzkrl rp~god vgckbkjr ~ga tjhej~ gojr go gz~ blh~pr ho`

phncjr/ Plj vgckbkjr OBPX bgork`j~r rp~god v~hbpkbjr g~ plj k`jhc vgckb{ vgrkpkgor g~ rphpjr h~j bhvkphck}j`/ Plkr

v~gyk`jr h xzkbe plzanohkc g~ ~jh`j~r pg rk}j zv rphpj vgckbkjr hdhkorp plj vgckb{ gvpkgo plhp hckdor tkpl OBPX

njoblah~er g~ ajjpkod jhbl vgckb{ dghc/ Ig~ j|havcj# go plj blh~p njcgt# NJIG^J H@AKRRKGO PG V^JV V^GD^HA

kr bhvkphck}j`# hr plhp kr plj gvpkahc pkakod g~ pjrpkod pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr hbh`jakb v~gbkjob{/

>6>8

86

NJIG^J H@AKRRKGOPG V^JV V^GD^HA

@z~kod g~ hipj~bgavcjpkgo gi

v~jv v~gd~ha

Nhrkb rekccr pjrpogp ~jxzk~j`


9/164


= 4

Dghcr

H~jH 8= @jcKYj~KoD Tjcc V~jVH~j@ pjHbLj~R VHDj ;

8!H= Hàkrrkgo kopg V~jvh~hpkgo V~gd~har

Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j zo`j~d~h`zhpj pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har pg hàkp goc{ bho`k`hpjr tkpl dgg`

hbh`jakb ~jbg~`r/

8!N= Jcjajoph~{ Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp kpr pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har v~gyk`j jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r tkpl h n~gh` cknj~hc

h~pr j`zbhpkgo# plj ojbjrrh~{ gzo`hpkgo g~ pjhblkod pg plj Bgaago Bg~j Rpho`h~`r/8!B= Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo ko ^jh`kod Korp~zbpkgo

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp ojt jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r eogt plj rbkjobj g ~jh`kod korp~zbpkgo/

8!@= Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo ko Ahpljahpkbr

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp ojt jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r lhyj rzbkjop eogtcj`dj g plj ahpljahpkbr bgopjop

phzdlp ko jcjajoph~{ d~h`jr/

8!J= Ak``cj Rblggc Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

Plj rphpj rlgzc jorz~j plhp ak cj rblggc pjhblj~r h~j rzbkjopc{ v~jvh~j pg pjhbl hvv~gv~khpj d~h`j!cjyjc bgopjop/

8!I= Rjbgo`h~{ Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r h~j rzbkjopc{ v~jvh~j` pg pjhbl hvv~gv~khpj d~h`j!cjyjc bgopjop/

8!D= Rjbgo`h~{ Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo ko Rbkjobj

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp rbkjobj pjhblj~r eogt hcc plj rznmjbp ahppj~ plj{ h~j ckbjorj` pg pjhbl/

8!L= Rjbgo`h~{ Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo ko Rgbkhc Rpz`kjr

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp rgbkhc rpz`kjr pjhblj~r eogt hcc plj rznmjbp ahppj~ plj{ h~j ckbjorj` pg pjhbl/

8!K= Rvjbkhc J`zbhpkgo Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo pjhblj~r eogt plj rznmjbp ahppj~ plj{ tkcc nj ~jxzk~j` pg pjhbl/

8!M= Hrrjrrkod V~gjrrkgohc Eogtcj`dj

Plj rphpj rlgzc` zrj h ckbjorkod pjrp pg yj~k{ plhp hcc ojt pjhblj~r ajjp kpr v~gjrrkgohc rpho`h~`r/

8!E= Rpz`jop Pjhblkod

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har v~gyk`j pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr tkpl h lkdl!xzhckp{

bckokbhc j|vj~kjobj/

8!C= Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo V~gd~ha Hbbgzophnkckp{Plj rphpjr hvv~gyhc v~gbjrr g~ pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har rlgzc` lgc` v~gd~har hbbgzophncj g~ plj xzhckp{

g plj pjhblj~r plj{ v~g`zbj/

H~jH >= j|VHo@KoD pLj VGGc GI pjHbLj~R VHDj :;

>!H= Hcpj~ohpj gzpj Jckdknkckp{

Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j hcpj~ohpj ~gzpj v~gd~har pg j|bjj` plj hàkrrkgo ~jxzk~jajopr g p~h`kpkgohc v~jvh~hpkgo

v~gd~har tlkcj hcrg njkod ij|kncj pg plj ojj`r g ogop~h`kpkgohc bho`k`hpjr/

>!N= Hcpj~ohpj gzpj V~jvh~hpkgo

Plj rphpj rlgzc` jorz~j plhp kpr hcpj~ohpj ~gzpjr v~gyk`j rp~jhackoj` v~jvh~hpkgo plhp kr ~jcjyhop pg plj kaaj`khpj

ojj`r g ojt pjhblj~r/

>!B= Hcpj~ohpj gzpj Zrhdj ho` V~gyk`j~r

Plj rphpj rlgzc` v~gyk`j ho hcpj~ohpj ~gzpj plhp kr ~jj ~ga ~jdzchpg~{ gnrphbcjr plhp ckakp kpr zrhdj ho` v~gyk`j~r/

>!@= Vh~p Pkaj Pjhblkod Ckbjorjr

Plj rphpj rlgzc` gj~ h ckbjorj tkpl akokahc ~jxzk~jajopr plhp hccgtr bgopjop j|vj~pr pg pjhbl vh~p pkaj/

>!J= Ckbjorz~j ^jbkv~gbkp{

Plj rphpj rlgzc` ljcv pg ahej ckbjorjr zcc{ vg~phncj hagod rphpjr# tkpl hvv~gv~khpj rhjdzh~`r/


10/164

< = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

Dghcr

H~jH 2= K@jopKI{KoD jIIjbpKYj pjHbLj~R VHDj


11/164


= ;

Dgh bgavgr

,Plj hbpg~r bgork`j~j` ko jpj~akokod plj rphpjr~hpkod g~ plj dghc/+

8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjrpg vhrr h pjrp g hbh`jakb v~gbkjob{ plhphrrjrrjr ~jh`kod# t~kpkod ho` ahpljahpkbrrekccr hr h b~kpj~kgo g~ hàkrrkgo pg pjhblj~v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har/

>/ Hcc v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har ko h rphpj rlgzc`zrj h bgaago hàkrrkgor pjrp pg hbkckphpjv~gd~ha bgavh~krgo# ho` plj pjrp rlgzc`hccgt bgavh~krgo g hvvckbhopr pg plj djoj~hcbgccjdj!dgkod vgvzchpkgo ho` rjcjbpkgo ghvvckbhopr ko plj pgv lhc g plhp vgvzchpkgo/

2/ V~gd~har rlgzc` lhyj plj gvpkgo gj|javpkod bho`k`hpjr ~ga plkr pjrp tlgrznakp bgavh~hncj RHP g~ HBP rbg~jr hp hcjyjc rjp n{ plj rphpj/

Plj bgavgojopr g~ plkr dghc lhyjblhodj` rkobj >66;/ Ko ckdlp g rphpjv~gd~jrr go plkr pgvkb# plj nh~ g~ plkrdghc lhr njjo ~hkrj`/

Nhedg`

H `jphkcj` ~hpkgohcj ho` rzvvg~pkod ~jrjh~bl g~plkr dghc bho nj gzo` hp ttt/obpx/g~d'rpv{/

H~jh 8= @jckyj~kd Tjcc!V~jvh~j` Pjhblj~r

D h hàrro op vpo vdarPlj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j z`j~d~h`zhpj pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkg v~gd~har pg hàkp gc{

bh`k`hpjr tkpl dgg` hbh`jakb ~jbg~`r/

Idz 8

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko Hàkrrkgo ^jxzk~jajopr

8 nrp vbpb RppPj|hr

6 Rppr Ap D

88 Rppr O Ap DBgoojbpkbzp# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk#Ko`khoh# Cgzkrkhoh# Akrrkrrkvvk#

Og~pl Bh~gckoh# lg`j Krcho`#

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Pjoojrrjj# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

9 Rppr vp Ap DH~ehorhr# Kcckogkr# Kgth# Akrrgz~k#

Ojn~hreh# Thrlkodpgo

> Rppr Ap Ra vp DIcg~k`h# Tkrbgorko

28 Rppr @ Op Ap DHchnhah# Hchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckig~okh#Bgcg~h`g# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp gi Bgczankh#

K`hlg# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`#

Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph#

Agophoh# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j#

Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e#

Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# Gechlgah# G~jdgo#

Vjoor{cyhokh# Rgzpl @hegph# Zphl# Yj~agop#

YK^DKoKH# T{gakod

Vgdrr g lkr Dgh Rk >66;=

= 9 = 0: = 6


12/164


HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr plhp hvv~gyj` zo`j~d~h`zhpj pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har hbbjvp pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr

tlg lhyj vhrrj` h nhrkb rekccr pjrp# plj V~h|kr K/ Hcplgzdl plj rphpj rjpr plj akokaza rbg~j g~ plkr pjrp#kp kr og~aj` mzrp pg plj v~grvjbpkyj pjhblj~ vgvzchpkgo/

Yk~dkokh hcrg hccgtr bho`k`hpjr pg xzhck{ n{ ajhor g jxzkyhcjop rbg~jr go plj RHP g~ HBP/

Zog~pzohpjc{# plj rphpjr vgckb{ lhr h dch~kod cggvlgcj/ V~gd~har h~j vj~akppj` pg hbbjvp bho`k`hpjrtlg lhyj ogp ajp plj akokaza rbg~j rjp n{ plj rphpj ho` v~gyk`j rzbl bho`k`hpjr tkpl plj gvvg~pz!okp{ pg h``~jrr ho{ `jbkjobkjr/

Rvvgkd ~rhlBg`j g Yk~dkokh >2!;/>=2/9

Jop~{ Hrrjrrajop pg Yk~dkokh Hvv~gyj` V~gd~har

lppv=''ttt/`gj/yk~dkokh/dgy'pjhblkod'j`zbhpg~Wv~jvh~hpkgo'bgccjdjWv~gd~har'jop~{Whrrjrrajop/v`

~jbGAAjo@HpKGo

o ^jxzk~j pjhblj~ bh`k`hpjr pg vhrr h pjrp g hbh`jakb v~gbkjb{ plhp hrrjrrjr ~jh`kd#t~kpkd h` ahpljahpkbr rekccr hr h b~kpj~kg g~ h`akrrkg pg pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgv~gd~har/

Yk~dkokh tgzc` lhyj h rgzo` vgckb{ nzp g~ plj cggvlgcj plhp hccgtr v~gd~har pg jrrjopkhcc{ thkyjplkr ~jxzk~jajop g~ bho`k`hpjr hr plj{ rjj p/ Pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har plhp `g ogp rb~jjobho`k`hpjr jo` zv koyjrpkod bgork`j~hncj ~jrgz~bjr ko ko`kyk`zhcr tlg ah{ ogp nj hncj pg rzbbjrr!zcc{ bgavcjpj plj v~gd~ha ho` vhrr ckbjorkod pjrpr/ Bho`k`hpjr ojj`kod h``kpkgohc rzvvg~p rlgzc`bgavcjpj ~jaj`khpkgo v~kg~ pg v~gd~ha jop~{# hygk`kod plj vgrrknkckp{ g ho zorzbbjrrzc koyjrp!ajop g rkdokbhop vznckb ph| `gcch~r/

o ^jxzk~j v~jvh~hpkg v~gd~har pg zrj h bgaag pjrp g~aj` pg plj djj~hc bgccjdj!ngz`

vgvzchpkg/

Plj nhrkb rekccr pjrpr ko zrj ko agrp rphpjr ch~djc{ hrrjrr ak``cj rblggc!cjyjc rekccr/ Pg kav~gyj pljrjcjbpkykp{ g pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjrh bgaago blh~hbpj~krpkb ko bgzop~kjr tlgrj rpz`jopr bgorkr!pjopc{ gzpvj~g~a gz~r ko kopj~ohpkgohc bgavh~krgorYk~dkokh rlgzc` ~jxzk~j ho hrrjrrajop plhp`jagorp~hpjr plhp bho`k`hpjr h~j hbh`jakbhcc{ bgavjpkpkyj tkpl hcc vjj~r# ~jdh~`cjrr g pljk~ kopjo`j`v~gjrrkgo/ ^jxzk~kod h bgaago pjrp og~aj` pg plj djoj~hc bgccjdj vgvzchpkgo tgzc` hccgt g~ pljrjcjbpkgo g hvvckbhopr ko plj pgv lhc g pljk~ bchrr# hr tjcc hr hbkckphpj v~gd~ha bgavh~krgo/

YK~DKoKH ~jRVGoRj pG HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh bkpj` plj vj~pkojop rjbpkgo g plj Bg`j plhp rphpjr# ko vh~p= Plhp plj Ngh~` g J`zbhpkgo rlhccv~jrb~knj ho hrrjrrajop g nhrkb rekccr g~ ko`kyk`zhcr rjjekod jop~{ kopg ho hvv~gyj` j`zbhpkgo v~gd~ha

ho` rlhcc jrphnckrl h akokaza vhrrkod rbg~j g~ rzbl hrrjrrajop/ Plj Ngh~` hcrg ah{ v~jrb~knj gplj~~jxzk~jajopr g~ h`akrrkgo pg Yk~dkokhr hvv~gyj` j`zbhpkgo v~gd~har ko kpr ~jdzchpkgor/ Bho`k`hpjr tlghkc pg hblkjyj plj akokaza rbg~j jrphnckrlj` n{ plj Ngh~` g J`zbhpkgo ah{ nj `jokj` jop~hobj kopgplj ~jcjyhop j`zbhpkgo v~gd~ha go plj nhrkr g rzbl hkcz~j5 lgtjyj~# k jo~gccj` ko plj v~gd~ha# plj{ rlhcclhyj plj gvvg~pzokp{ pg h``~jrr ho{ `jbkjobkjr/

Yk~dkokh hcrg ogpj` plhp kp rjpr plj vhrrkod rbg~jr g~ V~h|kr K# ho` plj{ h~j hagod plj ohpkgor lkdljrprbg~jr g~ plgrj rphpjr zrkod plkr pjrp/

h 8= D h Yk~dkkh horr

Rpp @r Op Ap D n ~r` pr D vdrr Rob >66;


13/164


= 88

cHRp TG~@

Plj bkpj` rjbpkgo g plj Bg`j ko`kbhpjr plhp bho`k`hpjr ah{ nj jokj` jop~{ kopg h v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~hak plj{ hkc plj nhrkb rekccr pjrp# ho` plgrj tlg jo~gcc ah{ h``~jrr ho{ `jbkjobkjr/ Bcjh~c{# h cggvlgcjj|krpr g~ plgrj bho`k`hpjr tlg `g ogp jh~o h vhrrkod rbg~j go plj V~h|kr K hrrjrrajop/


14/164

8> = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

j|HAVcjR GI NjRp V~HbpKbj

Hcplgzdl plj~j h~j h ozanj~ g rphpjr plhp ~jxzk~j

pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr pg vhrr h nhrkb rekccr pjrp hr h b~k!

pj~kgo g~ h`akrrkgo pg h v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~ha# Pj|hr

kr plj goc{ rphpj plhp ~jxzk~jr h pjrp g hbh`jakb v~g!

bkjob{ og~aj` pg plj djoj~hc bgccjdj ngzo` vgvzchpkgo

~hplj~ plho mzrp pg v~grvjbpkyj pjhblj~r/ Ko h``kpkgo# plj

rphpjr akokaza rbg~jr g~ h`akrrkgo hvvjh~ pg nj

~jchpkyjc{ rjcjbpkyj tljo bgavh~j` pg gplj~ pjrpr zrj`

hb~grr plj bgzop~{/

{jR8 O> O prpxz`2

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj= Pj|hr

>/ Hchnhah# Hchreh# H~ehorhr# Bhckg~okh# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#@krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# Kcckogkr# Ko`khoh# Kgth#Cgzkrkhoh# Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`# Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph#Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Mj~rj{#Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# Gechlgah#G~jdgo# Vjoor{cyhokh# lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Pjoojrrjj#Yj~agop# Yk~dkokh# Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko

2/ H~k}goh# Bgcg~h`g# K`hlg# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Agophoh# Glkg#Rgzpl @hegph# Zphl# T{gakod

8

06

86

Idz >

@g rphpjr ~jxzk~j h pjrp g hbh`jakbv~gibkjob{ plhp kr og~aj` pg plj djoj~hc

bgccjdj!dgkod vgvzchpkgo7

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj= H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# Kcckogkr#

Ko`khoh# Kgth# Cgzkrkhoh# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Ojn~hreh# Og~pl Bh~gckoh#^lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr# Yk~dkokh# Thrlkodpgo#Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko

>/ Hchnhah# Hchreh# Bhckg~okh# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Ahkoj#Ah~{cho`# Ahrrhblzrrjpr# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j#Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl @hegph# Gechlgah# G~jdgo#Vjoor{cyhokh# Yj~agop


Idz 2

Tljo g rphpjr pjrp pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjrnhrkb rekccr7

>6>8

86

NJIG^J H@AKRRKGOPG V^JV V^GD^HA8

@z~kod g~ hipj~bgavcjpkgo giv~jv v~gd~ha>

Nhrkb rekccr pjrpogp ~jxzk~j`2

YK^DKoKH

YK^DKoKH


15/164


= 82

Ikdz~j 0

PJRPO

G^A

J@PG

BGCCJD

J!

NGZO@VG

VZCHPK

GOV^KG^PG

H@AKRRKGOPG

V^JV

V^GD^H

A

Pjrpog

~aj`

goc{

pgpj

hblj

~

bho`k`

hpjrnj

ig~j

h`akr

rkgo

pgv~jv

v~gd~ha

Pjrpog~a

j`goc{

pgpj

hblj

~

bho`k`

hpjr`z

~kodg~hipj~

bga

vcjpkg

ogi

v~jv

v~gd~ha

Ogpj

rp~jxzk~j

`

@g rphpjr hvv~gv~khpjc{pjrp pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr$hbh`jakb v~gikbkjob{7

8 >6 >6 86

Hchnhah

Hchreh

H~k}goh

H~ehorhrBhckig~okh

Bgcg~h`g

Bgoojbpkbzp

@jchth~j

@krp~kbp gi Bgczankh

Icg~k`h

Djg~dkh

Lhthkk

K`hlg

Kcckogkr

Ko`khoh

Kgth

Ehorhr

Ejopzbe{

Cgzkrkhoh

Ahkoj

Ah~{cho`

Ahrrhblzrjppr

Akblkdho

Akoojrgph

Akrrkrrkvvk

Akrrgz~k

Agophoh

Ojn~hreh

Ojyh`h

Ojt Lhavrlk~j

Ojt Mj~rj{

Ojt Aj|kbg

Ojt [g~e

Og~pl Bh~gckoh

Og~pl @hegph

Glkg

Gechlgah

G~jdgo

Vjoor{cyhokh

^lg`j Krcho`

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh

Rgzpl @hegphPjoojrrjj

Pj|hr

Zphl

Yj~agop

YK^DKoKH

Thrlkodpgo

Tjrp Yk~dkokh

Tkrbgorko

T{gakod

h vhRRkODRBg~j kR

~jXZk~j@ Ig~jhBl RZnMjBP8

ho barp

rb bo zr`>

O prpxz`2

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Hchnhah# Hchreh# H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp#@jchth~j# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Kcckogkr# Cgzkrkhoh# Ahrrhblzrjppr#Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h#Ojt Mj~rj{# Gechlgah# G~jdgo# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr#Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko

>/ Bhckg~okh0# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh0# Lhthkk0# Ko`khoh# Kgth# Ahkoj0#Ah~{cho`# Ojt Lhavrlk~j0# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e#Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph:# Vjoor{cyhokh0# lg`j Krcho`0#Yj~agop# Yk~dkokh


0/ Akokaza rbg~j azrp nj ajp ko jhbl rjbpkgo/

:/ Bgavgrkpj rbg~j bho goc{ nj zrj` k vhrrkod rbg~j kr ajp go ptg

g pl~jj rznpjrpr/

>:

89

86

Idz :

@g rphpjr ajhrz~j vj~g~ahobj ko ~jh`kod#ahpljahpkbr ho` t~kpkod7

YK^DKoKH


16/164


Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j plhp kpr hvv~gyj`pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har jckyj~ hbgav~jljorkyj v~gd~ha g rpz`{ ko n~gh`cknj~hc h~pr bgz~rjtg~e/ Ho h`jxzhpjbz~~kbzcza kr ckejc{ pg ~jxzk~j hvv~g|kahpjc{29 b~j`kp lgz~r pg jorz~j hvv~gv~khpj `jvplko plj bg~j rznmjbp h~jhr g Jodckrl# rbkjobj#rgbkhc rpz`kjr ho` oj h~pr/ ,Ahpljahpkbrv~jvh~hpkgo g~ jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r kr`krbzrrj` ko Dghc 8!@/+

>/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~bho`k`hpjr pg vhrr h rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrp`jrkdoj` pg jorz~j rzbkjop bgopjopeogtcj`dj g hcc rznmjbpr/

2/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j jcjajoph~{pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr pg bgavcjpj h bgopjoprvjbkhck}hpkgo ko ho hbh`jakb rznmjbp h~jh/

Ko h``kpkgo pg jolhobkod bgopjop eogtcj`dj#plkr ~jxzk~jajop hcrg jorz~jr plhp v~grvjbpkyjpjhblj~r lhyj phejo lkdlj~ cjyjc hbh`jakbbgz~rjtg~e/

0/ H~pr ho` rbkjobjr hbzcp{# ~hplj~ plhoj`zbhpkgo hbzcp{# rlgzc` ko agrp bhrjr pjhblcknj~hc h~pr bgz~rjtg~e pg pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr/

Nhedg`



D n jaop Pb vpoPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp kpr pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkg v~gd~har v~gyk`j jcjajph~{

pjhblj~r tkpl h n~gh` cknj~hc h~pr j`zbhpkg# plj jbjrrh~{ gz`hpkg g~ pjhblkd pgplj Bgaag Bg~j Rph`h~`r/

Idz 9

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko Jcjajoph~{Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

6 nrp vbpb Rppr

6 Rppr Ap D

0 Rppr O Ap DKo`khoh# Ahrrhblzrjppr#Akoojrgph# Ojt Lhavrlk~j

< Rppr vp Ap DBhckig~okh# Djg~dkh# Cgzkrkhoh# Akblkdho#

Ojt Aj|kbg# Gechlgah# Pj|hr# Thrlkodpgo

8< Rppr Ap Ra vp DHchnhah# H~k}goh# H~ehorhr# Bgcg~h`g# Icg~k`h#

Kcckogkr# Kgth# Ehorhr# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k#

Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl @hegph#

G~jdgo# Pjoojrrjj# Zphl# YK^DKoKH#

Tjrp Yk~dkokh

>8 Rppr @ Op Ap DHchreh# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#

@krp~kbp gi Bgczankh# Lhthkk# K`hlg#

Ejopzbe{# Ahkoj# Ah~{cho` # Agophoh#

Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h # Og~pl Bh~gckoh # Glkg#

Vjoor{cyhokh# ^lg j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh #

Rgzpl @hegph# Yj~agop# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod


= 2 = 00 = 0


17/164


= 8:

Rpp Apr Ra vp D vdrr Rob >66;

HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh `gjr ogp jorz~j plhp kpr jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr h~j h`jxzhpjc{ v~jvh~j` pg pjhbl h

n~gh` ~hodj g jcjajoph~{ bgopjop/Yk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr bho`k`hpjr pg vhrr plj V~h|kr KK djoj~hc jcjajoph~{ bgopjop pjrp# tlkbl `gjr ogp ~jvg~ppjhblj~ vj~g~ahobj ko jhbl rznmjbp h~jh# ajhokod plhp kp kr vgrrkncj pg vhrr plj pjrp ho` rpkcc hkc rgajrznmjbp h~jhr# jrvjbkhcc{ dkyjo plj rphpjr cgt vhrrkod rbg~j/

Hcplgzdl plj rphpj `gjr ogp rvjbk{ djoj~hc j`zbhpkgo ~jxzk~jajopr# hcc jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjrko Yk~dkokh azrp bgavcjpj h ahmg~ ko kopj~`krbkvckoh~{ rpz`kjr g~ ko Yk~dkokhr bg~j hbh`jakb h~jhr# tlkblkobcz`j Jodckrl# lkrpg~{ ho` rgbkhc rbkjobjr ,k/j/# lkrpg~{# dgyj~oajop# djgd~hvl{ ho` jbgogakbr+ ho`rbkjobj/ Pljrj h~j rjorkncj ko`kbhpg~r g kavg~phop bz~~kbzch~ h~jhr# nzp plj~j kr og dzh~hopjj plhp pljbgz~rjr zrj` pg ajjp pljrj ~jxzk~jajopr tkcc nj ~jcjyhop pg plj VE!9 bchrr~gga/

Njbhzrj jcjajoph~{ j`zbhpkgo bho`k`hpjr azrp jh~o ho h~pr ho` rbkjobjr `jd~jj# plkr jorz~jr plhp cknj~hch~pr bgz~rjtg~e kr bgaajo`hnc{ phzdlp n{ h~pr ho` rbkjobjr hbzcp{/

Ikohcc{# Yk~dkokh lhr h~pkbzchpj` jcjajoph~{ pjhblkod rpho`h~`r plhp h~j njppj~ plho plgrj gzo` ko aho{rphpjr ho` hccz`j pg kavg~phop h~jhr g hbh`jakb eogtcj`dj/ Ig~ j|havcj# ko plj h~jh g lkrpg~{ ho`rgbkhc rbkjobjr# jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr h~j j|vjbpj` pg zo`j~rpho`=

o Plj bgop~knzpkgor g hobkjop bkykck}hpkgor pg Haj~kbho rgbkhc ho` vgckpkbhc korpkpzpkgor5

o Ahmg~ jyjopr ko Yk~dkokh lkrpg~{ ~ga 8964 pg plj v~jrjop5

o Ej{ ko`kyk`zhcr# gbzajopr ho` jyjopr ko Zokpj` Rphpjr lkrpg~{5 ho`

o Plj jygczpkgo g Haj~kbhr bgorpkpzpkgohc ~jvznckb# kpr k`jhr# korpkpzpkgor ho` v~hbpkbjr/

Lgtjyj~# plj rphpjr rpho`h~`r `g cjhyj dhvr ko h ozanj~ g kavg~phop h~jhr# ohajc{ Haj~kbho# tg~c`#N~kpkrl ho` blkc`~jor ckpj~hpz~j/

Rvvgkd ~rhl

Yk~dkokh H`akokrp~hpkyj Bg`j < YHB >6!:0>!886V~h|kr KK

ttt/jpr/g~d

~jbGAAjo@HpKGo

o ^jxzk~j h bgpjp pjrp plhp jrz~jr rzbkjp egtcj`dj k hcc rznmjbpr/

Yk~dkokh rlgzc` ~jxzk~j rjvh~hpj vhrrkod rbg~jr g~ jhbl bgopjop h~jh go plj pjrp njbhzrj tkplgzpplja kp kr kavgrrkncj pg ajhrz~j eogtcj`dj g ko`kyk`zhc rznmjbpr/ Iz~plj~# pg nj ajhokodzc# Yk~!dkokh rlgzc` jorz~j plhp pljrj vhrrkod rbg~jr ~jijbp lkdl cjyjcr g vj~g~ahobj/

o V~gyk`j n~gh` cknj~hc h~pr bgz~rjtg~e ~jcjyhp pg plj jcjajph~{ bchrr~gga/

Hcplgzdl Yk~dkokh gzpckojr h ag~j rvjbkb rjp g bgopjop rpho`h~`r plho agrp rphpjr# plj rphpjrlgzc` jkplj~ h~pkbzchpj ho jyjo ag~j rvjbkb rjp g rpho`h~`r g~ jrphnckrl ag~j bgav~jljorkyjbgz~rjtg~e ~jxzk~jajopr plhp h~j rvjbkbhcc{ djh~j` pg plj h~jhr g eogtcj`dj ojj`j` n{ VE!9pjhblj~r/ Ho h`jxzhpj bz~~kbzcza kr ckejc{ pg ~jxzk~j hvv~g|kahpjc{ 29 b~j`kp lgz~r ko plj bg~j rzn!mjbp h~jhr g Jodckrl# rbkjobj# rgbkhc rpz`kjr ho` oj h~pr/

h 8= D n Yk~dkkh horr


18/164


o ^jxzk~j hp cjhrp h hbh`jakb bgbjp~hpkg/

Yk~dkokhr vgckb{ ~jxzk~kod jcjajoph~{ bho`k`hpjr pg jh~o ho hbh`jakb ahmg~ kr zo`j~akoj` njbhzrj kp

ah{ nj ajp tkpl ho kopj~`krbkvckoh~{ ahmg~/ Zockej ho hbh`jakb ahmg~# ho kopj~`krbkvckoh~{ ahmg~ tkccogp ojbjrrh~kc{ jolhobj pjhblj~r bgopjop eogtcj`dj g~ jorz~j plhp v~grvjbpkyj pjhblj~r lhyj phejolkdlj~!cjyjc hbh`jakb bgz~rjtg~e/ Iz~plj~# kp gjr ogp v~gyk`j ho gvpkgo g~ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr zohncjpg zccc rpz`jop pjhblkod g~ gplj~ v~gjrrkgohc ~jxzk~jajopr pg rpkcc jh~o h `jd~jj# hr ho hbh`jakbahmg~ `gjr/

YK~DKoKH ~jRVGoRj pG HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh hrrj~pj` plhp bgopjop gzpckoj` ko rpz`jop rpho`h~`r azrp nj h``~jrrj` ko plj jcjajoph~{ v~g!d~ha hr tjcc hr plj gzpckoj` bgavjpjobkjr/ Jhbl bgopjop h~jh azrp kobcz`j plj eogtcj`dj# rekccr ho`v~gbjrrjr g lkrpg~{ ho` plj rgbkhc rbkjobjr krbkvckojr hr joj` ko plj rphpjr Rpho`h~`r g Cjh~okod# ho`lgt plj rpho`h~`r v~gyk`j plj ojbjrrh~{ gzo`hpkgo g~ pjhblkod plhp bgopjop h~jh/

Plj rphpj hcrg ogpj` plhp ko`kyk`zhcr tkpl h `jd~jj ~ga h ~jdkgohcc{ hbb~j`kpj` bgccjdj g~ zokyj~rkp{tkpl ho kopj~`krbkvckoh~{ ahmg~ ah{ ogp lhyj rpz`jop!phzdlp/ K plj ko`kyk`zhc kr jckdkncj g~ ho hcpj~ohpj~gzpj# lj g~ rlj azrp ajjp hcc bgopjop ~jxzk~jajopr g~ ckbjorz~j jyjo plgzdl plhp ko`kyk`zhc lhr hokopj~`krbkvckoh~{ ahmg~/

Yk~dkokh ~jkpj~hpj` plhp ko`kyk`zhcr rjjekod ho jo`g~rjajop ko jcjajoph~{ j`zbhpkgo azrp lhyj ho h~prho` rbkjobjr `jd~jj# ho` plhp pljrj bgz~rjr h~j phzdlp n{ h~pr ho` rbkjobjr hbzcp{/

Rvvgkd ~rhllppv=''ttt/`gj/yk~dkokh/dgy'Y@GJ'Rzvj~kopjo jop'Rgcr'lgaj/rlpac

lppv=''ttt/`gj/yk~dkokh/dgy'pjhblkod'ckbjorz~j'ko`j|/rlpac


19/164


= 84


Hcplgzdl og rphpj ajjpr plkr dghc# pl~jj rphpjr lhyjogpjtg~pl{ vgckbkjr/ Ahrrhblzrjpprr pjrpkod ~jxzk~j!ajopr# tlkbl h~j nhrj` go plj rphpjr bz~~kbzcza# jo!rz~j plhp jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r h~j v~gyk`j` tkpl h

n~gh` cknj~hc h~pr j`zbhpkgo/ K`khh ho` Zphl h~j plj~rp ptg rphpjr pg h`gvp plj ojt V~h|kr KK Jcjajoph~{J`zbhpkgo= Azcpkvcj Rznmjbpr bgopjop pjrp# tlkbl ~j!xzk~jr bho`k`hpjr pg vhrr rjvh~hpjc{ rbg~j` rznpjrpr ko~jh`kod'chodzhdj h~pr# ahpljahpkbr# rgbkhc rpz`kjr ho`rbkjobj/

Ahrrhblzrjppr

HchnhahHchreh

@krp~kbp gi BgczankhK`hlgAhkoj

Ah~{cho`AkrrkrrkvvkOjn~hreh

Ojt Mj~rj{Og~pl @hegph

Glkg^lg`j Krcho`Rgzpl @hegph

PjoojrrjjYK^DKoKH

Tjrp Yk~dkokhT{gakod

Bgcg~h`gBgoojbpkbzp

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Ojt Lhavrlk~jRgzpl Bh~gckoh

Pj|hrZphl

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8 Nhrj` go plj agrp ~jbjop pjblokbhc `hph plhp bgzc` nj gnphkoj`5 `hph ogp hyhkchncj g~H~k}goh# Bhckg~okh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Kcckogkr# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt[g~e# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# G~jdgo ho` Thrlkodpgo/ Agophoh ho` Ojn~hreh `g ogp ~jxzk~jh bgopjop pjrp/ Bgcg~h`g rbg~j kr g~ V~h|kr KK# ogp VCHBJ/ Ko`khoh# Ah~{cho`# Ojyh`h#Rgzpl Bh~gckoh ho` Zphl ogt ~jxzk~j ojt V~h|kr pjrpr g~ tlkbl plj pjblokbhc `hph h~jogp {jp hyhkchncj5 hohc{rkr kr nhrj` go v~jykgzrc{ ~jxzk~j` pjrp/

Idz 4

Tlj~j g rphpjr rjp plj vhrrkod rbg~j go jcjajoph~{ bgopjop ckbjorz~j pjrpr8

7

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,d rb

prp pr+

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,o rpo`` `po89p bop+

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,pt rpo`` `por>o` bop+

:6l Vk


20/164

8< = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

Idz ;

Tlhp rznmjbpr gjr Yk~dkokhj|vjbp jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r pg eogt7

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Idz Bgaago Bg~j Rphpj Rpho`h~`r7

8/ Hchreh# Akoojrgph# Ojn~hreh# Pj|hr# Yk~dkokh

>/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Hchnhah# H~k}goh# H~ehorhr# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp gBgczankh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Ko`khoh# Kgth# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh# Ahkoj#Ah~{cho`# Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Agophoh# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j#Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# Gechlgah# G~jdgo#

Vjoor{cyhokh# lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph# Pjoojrrjj# Zphl# Yj~agop# Thrlkodpgo#Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod

:

09

Og8 [JR>

YK^DKoKH


21/164


= 8;

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Icg~k`h

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Ahkoj

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Ahrrhblzrjppr

Akblkdho

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Akrrkrrkvvk

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Pj|hr

Zphl

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Tjrp Yk~dkokh

Tkrbgorko

T{gakod


22/164

>6 = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

Idz 88

@g rphpjr j|vjbp jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r pgbgavcjpj ho hbh`jakb bgobjop~hpkgo7

hBh@jAkBAhMg~

~jXZk~j@8

AkOg~ g~BgOBjOP~hPkgO

~jXZk~j@>

Opxz`0

Am aoxz`# zp

p r2

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Bgcg~h`g# Ahrrhblzrjppr# Ojt Aj|kbg

>/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Ko`khoh# Akrrkrrkvvk# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Gechlgah

2/ Bhckg~okh# Bgoojbpkbzp# Kgth# Akblkdho# Akrrgz~k#Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt [g~e# Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr# Yj~agop# Yk~dkokhPljrj rphpjr ~jxzk~j h ahmg~# akog~ g~ bgobjop~hpkgo nzpplj~j kr og hrrz~hobj kp tkcc nj ko ho hbh`jakb rznmjbp h~jh/

0/ Hchnhah# Hchreh# H~k}goh# H~ehorhr# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh#Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh#Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`# Akoojrgph# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h#Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# G~jdgo# Vjoor{cyhokh#^lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph# Zphl# Thrlkodpgo#Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod

2 0

22

88

YK^DKoKH


23/164


= >8

Dgh bgavgr


8/ Pg jorz~j plhp pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~harh`jxzhpjc{ v~jvh~j bho`k`hpjr ko plj rbkjobjg ~jh`kod korp~zbpkgo# plj rphpj rlgzc`~jxzk~j plhp pljrj v~gd~har p~hko pjhblj~rko plj yj korp~zbpkgohc bgavgojopr rlgton{ rbkjopkbhcc{ nhrj` ~jh`kod ~jrjh~bl pg njjrrjopkhc pg pjhblkod blkc`~jo pg ~jh`/

>/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j plhp ojt jcjajoph~{pjhblj~r vhrr h ~kdg~gzr pjrp g ~jh`kodkorp~zbpkgo ko g~`j~ pg hpphko ckbjorz~j/Plj `jrkdo g plj pjrp rlgzc` jorz~j plhpv~grvjbpkyj pjhblj~r bhoogp vhrr tkplgzpeogtkod plj rbkjobj g ~jh`kod korp~zbpkgo/

Nhedg`



D B jaop Pb vpo o ~ od korpzbpoPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp jt jcjajph~{ pjhblj~r egt plj rbkjbj g ~jh`kd krp~zbpkg/

Idz 8>

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko Jcjajoph~{ Pjhblj~V~jvh~hpkgo ko ^jh`kod Korp~zbpkgo

2 nrp vbpb RpprBgoojbpkbzp# Ahrrhblzrjppr# YK^DKoKH

: Rppr Ap DHchnhah#Akoojrgph# Gechlgah#

Vjoor{cyhokh# Pjoojrrjj

: Rppr O Ap DBhckig~okh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# K`hlg# Pj|hr

80 Rppr vp Ap DH~ehorhr# Bgcg~h`g# Ko`khoh# Cgzkrkhoh#

Ah~{cho`# Akblkdho# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k#

Ojt Aj|kbg# Glkg# G~jdgo# Yj~agop#

Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

> Rppr Ap Ra vp DH~k}goh# Ojt [g~e

>> Rppr @ Op Ap DHchreh# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp gi Bgczankh#Lhthkk# Kcckogkr# Kgth# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Ahkoj#

Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j#

Ojt Mj~rj{# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph#

^lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph#

Zphl# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod


= : = 09 = 6


24/164

>> = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

h 8= D B Yk~dkkh horr

nrp vbpb Rpp vdrr Rob >66;

HoHc{RKRKo kpr rpho`h~`r g~ jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo# Yk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har pg

h``~jrr plj rbkjobj g ~jh`kod/ V~gd~har azrp v~gyk`j p~hkokod ko plj yj korp~zbpkgohc bgavgojopr g rbk!jopkbhcc{ nhrj` ~jh`kod korp~zbpkgo= vlgojakb hth~jojrr# vlgokbr# izjob{# ygbhnzch~{ ho` bgav~jljorkgo/

Yk~dkokh hcrg ~jxzk~jr v~j!eko`j~dh~pjo# jcjajoph~{ ho` rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo pjhblj~r pg vhrr plj Yk~dkokh^jh`kod Hrrjrrajop/ Plkr pjrp kr hckdoj` tkpl plj Jodckrl Rpho`h~`r g Cjh~okod g~ Yk~dkokh Vznckb Rblggcrho` plj Ohpkgohc ^jh`kod Vhojcr yj jrrjopkhc bgavgojopr g jjbpkyj ~jh`kod korp~zbpkgo/ ^jykjtrlhyj ~hpj` plkr pjrp hr goj g goc{ h rahcc ozanj~ ko plj bgzop~{ plhp hbpzhcc{ yj~kjr h pjhblj~ bho`k!`hpjr eogtcj`dj ko rbkjopkbhcc{ nhrj` ~jh`kod korp~zbpkgo/

Rvvgkd ~rhl6!:0>!886 lppv=''ttt/yh/ojrkob/bga'YH9Wgyj~ykjt/hrv

Rpgpre{# R/ ,>669+/ Tl{ Haj~kbho Rpz`jopr @g Ogp Cjh~o pg ^jh` Yj~{ Tjcc= Plj Zokopjo`j` Bgorjxzjobjr g Pkpcj KK ho`Pjhblj~ Pjrpkod/ Plk~` J`zbhpkgo D~gzv ^jykjt ># Og/ >5 ^kd`jo# @/T/ ,>669+/ ^jvg~p go Ckbjorz~j Hckdoajop tkpl pljJrrjopkhc Bgavgojopr g Jjbpkyj ^jh`kod Korp~zbpkgo/ Thrlkodpgo# @B= ^jh`kod Ik~rp Pjhblj~ J`zbhpkgo Ojptg~e/

YK~DKoKH ~jRVGoRj pG HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh ~jbgdok}j` plj hbpzhc hbbz~hb{ g plkr hohc{rkr/


25/164


= >2

{jR8 O>

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Hchnhah# H~ehorhr# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g#Bgoojbpkbzp# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# K`hlg# Ko`khoh# Cgzkrkhoh# Ah~{cho`#Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Glkg#Gechlgah# G~jdgo# Vjoor{cyhokh# Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr# Yj~agop#Yk~dkokh# Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

>/ Hchreh# H~k}goh# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Lhthkk# Kcckogkr#Kgth# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Ahkoj# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h#Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e#Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh#Rgzpl @hegph# Zphl# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod

>9 >:

Idz 82

@g rphpjr ~jxzk~j v~jvh~hpkgo g~ jcjajoph~{pjhblj~r ko plj rbkjobj g ~jh`kod7

{jR8 ko`xzpprp>

O2

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Hchnhah# Bgoojbpkbzp# Ahrrhblzrjppr#Akoojrgph0# Ojt Aj|kbg:# Gechlgah# Vjoor{cyhokh:# Pjoojrrjj#Yk~dkokh

>/ H~ehorhr# Bhckg~okh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# K`hlg# Ko`khoh# Akrrgz~k#Ojt [g~e# G~jdgo# Pj|hr

2/ Hchreh# H~k}goh# Bgcg~h`g# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Lhthkk#Kcckogkr# Kgth# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh# Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`#Akblkdho# Akrrkrrkvvk# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j#Ojt Mj~rj{# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# lg`j Krcho`#Rgzpl Bh~gckoh # Rgzpl @hegph# Zphl# Yj~agop# Thrlkodpgo#Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod

0/ Nhrj` go plj ckakpj` kog~ahpkgo hyhkchncj hngzp plj pjrp go pljrphpjr tjnrkpj/

:/ Pjrp kr zo`j~ jyjcgvajop ho` ogp {jp hyhkchncj g~ ~jykjt/

; 86

2>

Idz 80

@g rphpjr ajhrz~j ojt pjhblj~r eogtcj`djg plj rbkjobj g ~jh`kod7


Jkdlp rphpjr ajjp plkr dghc n{ ~jxzk~kod plhp v~jvh~hpkgov~gd~har g~ jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr h``~jrr pljrbkjobj g ~jh`kod ho` ~jxzk~kod plhp bho`k`hpjr vhrrbgav~jljorkyj hrrjrrajopr plhp rvjbkbhcc{ pjrp plj

yj jcjajopr g korp~zbpkgo= vlgojakb hth~jojrr# vlg!okbr# izjob{# ygbhnzch~{ ho` bgav~jljorkgo/ Ko`jvjo!`jop ~jykjtr g plj hrrjrrajopr zrj` n{ Bgjbpkbzp#Ahrrhblzrjppr ho` Yk~dkkh bgo~a plhp pljrj pjrprh~j ~kdg~gzr ajhrz~jr g pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr eogtcj`djg rbkjopkbhcc{ nhrj` ~jh`kod korp~zbpkgo/

YK^DKoKH

YK^DKoKH


26/164


Ikdz~j 8:

@g rphpjr jorz~j plhp

jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r

eogt plj rbkjobj gi

~jh`kod7

IZCC[H@@^JRR

^JH@KODRBKJOBJ

@gogph``~jrr

~jh`kodrbkjobj

HVV^GV^KHPJPJRP

Koh`jxzhpjpjrp

Og~jh`kodpjrp

V^JVH^HPKGO

^JXZK^JAJOPR

PJRPKOD

^JXZK^JAJOPR

8

>

>

>9 >: ; 86 2>

Hchnhah

Hchreh

H~k}goh

H~ehorhr

Bhckig~okh

Bgcg~h`g

Bgoojbpkbzp

@jchth~j


Icg~k`h

Djg~dkh

Lhthkk

K`hlg

Kcckogkr

Ko`khoh

KgthEhorhr

Ejopzbe{

Cgzkrkhoh

Ahkoj

Ah~{cho`

Ahrrhblzrjppr

Akblkdho

Akoojrgph

Akrrkrrkvvk

Akrrgz~k

Agophoh

Ojn~hreh

Ojyh`hOjt Lhavrlk~j

Ojt Mj~rj{

Ojt Aj|kbg

Ojt [g~e

Og~pl Bh~gckoh

Og~pl @hegph

Glkg

Gechlgah

G~jdgo

Vjoor{cyhokh

^lg`j Krcho`

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh

Rgzpl @hegph

Pjoojrrjj

Pj|hr

Zphl

Yj~agop

YK^DKoKH

Thrlkodpgo

Tjrp Yk~dkokh

Tkrbgorko

T{gakod8/ Nhrj` go plj ckakpj` kog~ahpkgo hyhkchncj hngzp plj

pjrp go plj rphpjr tjnrkpj/

>/ Pjrp kr zo`j~ jyjcgvajop ho` ogp {jp hyhkchncj g~~jykjt/


27/164


= >:

Idz 89

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgoko Ahpljahpkbr

8 nrp vbpb RppAhrrhblzrjppr

6 Rppr Ap D

8 Rpp O Apr DKo`khoh

: Rppr vp Ap DBhckig~okh# Icg~k`h# Akoojrgph#

Ojt Aj|kbg# Zphl

26 Rppr Ap Ra vp DHchnhah# Hchreh# H~k}goh# @jchth~j#

@krp~kbp gi Bgczankh# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk#

K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Kgth# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{#

Akblkdho# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Agophoh#

Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl @hegph#

Gechlgah# Vjoor{cyhokh# ^lg`j Krcho`#

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph# Pjoojrrjj#Pj|hr# Yj~agop# YK^DKoKH# Thrlkodpgo#

T{gakod

80 Rppr @ Op Ap DH~ehorhr# Bgcg~h`g# Bgoojbpkbzp# Cgzkrkhoh#

Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`# Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h#

Ojt Mj~rj{# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Glkg# G~jdgo#

Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko


= 0 = 04 = 6

Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgov~gd~har pg jckyj~ ahpljahpkbr bgopjop ghvv~gv~khpj n~jh`pl ho` `jvpl pg jcjajoph~{pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr/ Plkr bgopjop rlgzc`nj rvjbkb pg plj ojj`r g plj jcjajoph~{pjhblj~ ,k/j/# gzo`hpkgor# hcdjn~h ho`djgajp~{ tkpl rgaj rphpkrpkbr+/

>/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j jcjajoph~{pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr pg vhrr h ~kdg~gzr pjrpg ahpljahpkbr bgopjop ko g~`j~ pg hpphkockbjorz~j/

2/ Rzbl pjrp bho hcrg nj zrj` pg pjrp gzp gbgz~rj ~jxzk~jajopr ho` rlgzc` nj `jrkdoj`pg jorz~j plhp v~grvjbpkyj pjhblj~r bhoogpvhrr tkplgzp rzbkjop eogtcj`dj gahpljahpkbr/

Nhedg`H `jphkcj` ~hpkgohcj ho` rzvvg~pkod ~jrjh~bl g~plkr dghc bho nj gzo` hp ttt/obpx/g~d'rpv{/


D @ jaop Pb vpo o ApapbrPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp jt jcjajph~{ pjhblj~r lhyj rzbkjp egtcj`dj g

plj ahpljahpkbr bgpjp phzdlp k jcjajph~{ d~h`jr/


28/164


HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh ~jckjr go ngpl bgz~rjtg~e ~jxzk~jajopr ho` kpr rpho`h~`r g~ pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har hr

plj nhrkr g~ h~pkbzchpkod kpr ~jxzk~jajopr g~ plj ahpljahpkbr bgopjop eogtcj`dj g jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~bho`k`hpjr/

Plj rphpj ~jxzk~jr plhp hcc jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr bgavcjpj h ahmg~ ko kopj~`krbkvckoh~{ rpz`kjrg~ ko Yk~dkokhr bg~j hbh`jakb h~jhr# tlkbl kobcz`jr ahpljahpkbr/ Lgtjyj~# Yk~dkokh rvjbkjr ojkplj~ plj~jxzkrkpj bgopjop g pljrj bchrrjr og~ plhp plj{ azrp ajjp plj ojj`r g jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r/

Yk~dkokh lhr hcrg h~pkbzchpj` pjhblkod rpho`h~`r plhp kpr hvv~gyj` pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har azrp zrjpg ~haj korp~zbpkgo ko jcjajoph~{ ahpljahpkbr bgopjop/ Plj rphpjr rpho`h~`r hvv~gv~khpjc{ h``~jrrbgopjop ko ahpljahpkbr gzo`hpkgor# nzp hcplgzdl plj{ ajopkgo rzbl h~jhr hr hcdjn~h# djgajp~{ ho`rphpkrpkbr# plj rpho`h~`r chbe plj rvjbkbkp{ ojj`j` pg jorz~j plhp pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har `jckyj~plkr ahpljahpkbr bgopjop g hvv~gv~khpj n~jh`pl ho` `jvpl pg jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr/

Ikohcc{# Yk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr plhp hcc ojt jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r vhrr h djoj~hc rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrp# plj V~h|kr KK/

Plkr bgaaj~bkhc pjrp chber h rvjbkb ahpljahpkbr rznrbg~j# rg goj bho ckejc{ hkc plj ahpljahpkbr vg~!pkgo ho` rpkcc vhrr plj pjrp/ Iz~plj~# tlkcj plkr pjrp `gjr bgyj~ kavg~phop jcjajoph~{ rblggc!cjyjc bgopjop#kp nh~jc{ jyhczhpjr bho`k`hpjr eogtcj`dj nj{go` ho jcjajoph~{ rblggc cjyjc# `gjr ogp blhccjodj pljk~zo`j~rpho`kod g zo`j~c{kod bgobjvpr ho` gjr ogp ~jxzk~j bho`k`hpjr pg hvvc{ eogtcj`dj ko ogo~gzpkoj#azcpkrpjv v~gbj`z~jr/

Rvvgkd ~rhl6!:0>!886

ttt/jpr/g~d'v~h|kr

Og Bgaago @jogakohpg~= Plj V~jvh~hpkgo g Jcjajoph~{ Pjhblj~r ko Ahpljahpkbr n{ Haj~kbhr J`zbhpkgo Rblggcr#OBPX# Mzoj >66< lppv=''ttt/obpx/g~d'v'vznckbhpkgor'`gbr'obpxWppahplWzcc~jvg~p/v`

~jbGAAjo@HpKGoo ^jxzk~j pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkg v~gd~har pg v~gyk`j ahpljahpkbr bgpjp rvjbkbhcc{ djh~j`pg plj jj`r g jcjajph~{ pjhblj~r/

Hcplgzdl Yk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr eogtcj`dj ko rgaj ej{ h~jhr g ahpljahpkbr# plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~jpjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har pg v~gyk`j ahpljahpkbr bgopjop rvjbkbhcc{ djh~j` pg plj ojj`r gjcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r/ Plkr kobcz`jr rvjbkb bgz~rjtg~e ko gzo`hpkgor# hcdjn~h ho` djgajp~{# tkplrgaj rphpkrpkbr/

o ^jxzk~j pjhblj~ bh`k`hpjr pg vhrr h ~kdg~gzr ahpljahpkbr hrrjrrajp/

Yk~dkokh rlgzc` hrrjrr ahpljahpkbr bgopjop tkpl h ~kdg~gzr hrrjrrajop pggc# rzbl hr plj pjrp~jxzk~j` ko Ahrrhblzrjppr# plhp jyhczhpjr ahpljahpkbr eogtcj`dj nj{go` ho jcjajoph~{ rblggccjyjc ho` blhccjodjr bho`k`hpjr zo`j~rpho`kod g zo`j~c{kod ahpljahpkbr bgobjvpr/ Rzbl h pjrp

bgzc` hcrg nj zrj` pg hccgt bho`k`hpjr pg pjrp gzp g bgz~rjtg~e ~jxzk~jajopr/ Pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjrtlg chbe akokaza ahpljahpkbr eogtcj`dj rlgzc` ogp nj jckdkncj g~ ckbjorz~j/

Rpp Apr Ra vp D vdrr Rob >66;

h 8= D @ Yk~dkkh horr


29/164


= >4

YK~DKoKH ~jRVGoRj pG HoHc{RKR

Yk~dkokh hrrj~pj` plhp kp ~jxzk~jr v~gd~har pg v~gyk`j ahpljahpkbr bgopjop rvjbkbhcc{ djh~j` pg pljojj`r g jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r njbhzrj v~gd~har azrp h``~jrr plj Rpho`h~`r g Cjh~okod rpz`jop rpho!`h~`r/ Plj ^jdzchpkgor Dgyj~okod plj ^jykjt ho` Hvv~gyhc g J`zbhpkgo V~gd~har rvjbkbhcc{ ~jxzk~jplhp v~gd~har azrp kobcz`j zo`j~rpho`kod g plj ahpljahpkbr ~jcjyhop pg plj bgopjop k`jopkj` koplj Rpho`h~`r g Cjh~okod ho` lgt plj rpho`h~`r v~gyk`j plj gzo`hpkgo g~ pjhblkod ahpljahpkbr kojcjajoph~{ d~h`jr/

cHRp TG~@Hcplgzdl Yk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr plhp pjhblj~ v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har v~jvh~j jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjrpg pjhbl pg plj rphpjr jcjajoph~{ rpz`jop rpho`h~`r# kp kr xzkpj lh~` pg agokpg~ g~ jog~bj# hnrjop hckbjorkod pjrp plhp 8+ kr `k~jbpc{ hckdoj` tkpl rphpj rpz`jop cjh~okod rpho`h~`r ho` >+ ~jvg~pr pjhblj~ vj~!

g~ahobj ko jhbl rznmjbp h~jh# rg plhp pjhblj~r bhoogp hkc h rznmjbp h~jh g~ ptg ho` rpkcc vhrr plj pjrp/


30/164

>< = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH

{jR8 O>

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Ko`khoh# Ahrrhblzrjppr

>/ Hchnhah# Hchreh# H~k}goh# H~ehorhr# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g#Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh#Lhthkk# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Kgth# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh# Ahkoj#Ah~{cho`# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Agophoh#Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt Aj|kbg#

Ojt [g~e# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# Gechlgah#G~jdgo# Vjoor{cyhokh# lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh#Rgzpl @hegph# Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr# Zphl# Yj~agop# Yk~dkokh#Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod

>

0;

Idz 84

@g rphpjr h~pkbzchpj hvv~gv~khpj ahpljahpkbrv~jvh~hpkgo g~ jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r7

{jR8 ko`xzpprp>

O2

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Ahrrhblzrjppr

>/ Hchnhah# Hchreh# H~k}goh# H~ehorhr# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g#Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh#Lhthkk# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Ko`khoh# Kgth# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh#Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k#Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e#Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# Gechlgah# G~jdgo#Vjoor{cyhokh# lg`j Krcho`# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph#Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr# Zphl# Yj~agop# Yk~dkokh# Thrlkodpgo#Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod

2/ Agophoh# Ojn~hreh

8

0

Idz 8688 YK~DKoKH

= >;

Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` jobgz~hdj ak``cj rblggcbho`k`hpjr tlg kopjo` pg pjhbl azcpkvcjrznmjbpr pg jh~o akog~r ko ptg bg~j hbh`jakbh~jhr ~hplj~ plho jh~o h rkodcj ahmg~/ Ak``cjrblggc bho`k`hpjr kopjo`kod pg pjhbl h rkodcjrznmjbp h~jh rlgzc` jh~o h ahmg~ ko plhp h~jh/

>/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ogp vj~akp ak``cj rblggcpjhblj~r pg pjhbl go h djoj~hckrp ckbjorjplhp `gjr ogp `kj~jopkhpj njptjjo pljv~jvh~hpkgo g ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~r ho`plhp g jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r/

2/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j plhp ojt ak``cjrblggc pjhblj~r vhrr h ckbjorkod pjrp ko jyj~{bg~j hbh`jakb h~jh plj{ kopjo` pg pjhbl/

Nhedg`



D j A`` Rb Pb vpoPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~r h~j rzbkjpc{ v~jvh~j` pg pjhbl

hvv~gv~khpj d~h`j!cjyjc bgpjp/

Idz 8;

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko Ak``cj RblggcPjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

2 nrp vbpb RpprH~ehorhr# Djg~dkh# Vjoor{cyhokh

4 Rppr Ap DBgoojbpkbzp# Icg~k`h# Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh#

Akrrkrrkvvk# Ojt Mj~rj{# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh

< Rppr O Ap DHchnhah# @krp~kbp gi Bgczankh# Ko`khoh#

Ehorhr# Ojt [g~e# Glkg# Pjoojrrjj# YK^DKoKH

88 Rppr vp Ap D@jchth~j# Lhthkk# Kgth# Ah~{cho`#

Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akrrgz~k# Ojn~hreh#

^lg`j Krcho`# Pj|hr# Yj~agop# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

88 Rppr Ap Ra vp DH~k}goh# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Agophoh#

Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Aj|kbg#

Og~pl @hegph# Gechlgah# Zphl# T{gakod

88 Rppr @ Op Ap DHchreh# Bhckig~okh# Bgcg~h`g# K`hlg#

Kcckogkr# Ahkoj# Og~pl Bh~gckoh # G~jdgo#

Rgzpl @hegph# Thrlkodpgo# Tkrbgorko


= : = 0: = 8


32/164


HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr h ak``cj j`zbhpkgo ,d~h`jr 9!!>6

ttt/jpr/g~d'v~h|kr

~jbGAAjo@HpKGo

o @kj~jpkhpj njptjj rkdcj h` azcpkvcj rznmjbp ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~r/

Yk~dkokh kr bgaajo`j` g~ ogp hccgtkod ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~r pg pjhbl go h E!< djoj~hckrp ckbjorj/

Lgtjyj~# kp rlgzc` jobgz~hdj ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~r tlg vcho pg pjhbl azcpkvcj rznmjbpr pg jh~optg akog~r ko ptg bg~j hbh`jakb h~jhr# ~hplj~ plho h rkodcj ahmg~/ Yk~dkokh rlgzc` ~jphko kpr ~jxzk~j!ajop g~ h rznmjbp!h~jh ahmg~ g~ ak``cj rblggc bho`k`hpjr tlg kopjo` pg pjhbl h rkodcj rznmjbp/

YK~DKoKH ~jRVGoRj pG HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh hrrj~pj` plhp bho`k`hpjr h~j jobgz~hdj` pg gnphko ptg h~jhr g bgobjop~hpkgo# ho` agrp ko`k!yk`zhcr `g gnphko ptg h~jhr go pljk~ ckbjorj/ Plj gvpkgo g~ goj h~jh kr hyhkchncj# ho` kp kr zrj` v~kah~kc{g~ ko`kyk`zhcr bgakod pg Yk~dkokh ~ga gplj~ rphpjr tlg lhyj goc{ goj h~jh go h ckbjorj/

Rpp O Apr D vdrr Rob >66;

h 8= D j Yk~dkkh horr


33/164


= 28

Ikdz~j >6

@g rphpjr krpkodzkrl ak``cjd~h`j v~jvh~hpkgo i~ga

jcjajoph~{ v~jvh~hpkgo7

E! djoj~hckrp ckbjorjg~ rjc!bgophkoj` bchrr~ggar/

>/ Kcckogkr gj~r E!; ckbjorj/

2/ Tkpl plj j|bjvpkgo g ahpljahpkbr/

0/ G~jdgo gj~r 2!< ckbjorj/

:/ Tkrbgorko gj~r 8!< ckbjorj/


H~ehrhr# Djg~dkh ho` Vjr{cyhkh jorz~j plhphcc ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~r h~j rzbkjopc{ v~jvh~j`pg pjhbl ak``cj rblggc!cjyjc bgopjop/ Pjhblj~r h~j~jxzk~j` pg jh~o hp cjhrp ptg bgopjop!h~jh akog~r/

Djg~dkh ho` Vjoor{cyhokh hcrg ~jxzk~j vhrrkodrbg~jr go rkodcj!rznmjbp bgopjop pjrpr# ho` H~ehorhr~jxzk~jr h rznmjbp!ahppj~ hrrjrrajop tkpl rjvh~hpjvhrrkod rbg~jr g~ jhbl hbh`jakb h~jh/


34/164


Tlhp hbh`jakb v~jvh~hpkgo

`g rphpjr ~jxzk~j ig~ h

ak``cj rblggc jo`g~rjajop

g~ ckbjorj7

Ikdz~j >8

AHMG^G^AG^J

AHMG^G^PTGAKOG^R

PTGAKOG^R

Cjrrplhohahmg~g~.cggrj.

~jxzk~jajopr

Og~jxzk~jajopgibgopjop

ahmg~g~akog~

82 2 ; 8> 80

8

>

8

8

8

Hchnhah

Hchreh

H~k}goh

H~ehorhr

Bhckig~okh

Bgcg~h`g

Bgoojbpkbzp

@jchth~j


Icg~k`h

Djg~dkh

Lhthkk

K`hlg

Kcckogkr

Ko`khoh

KgthEhorhr

Ejopzbe{

Cgzkrkhoh

Ahkoj

Ah~{cho`

Ahrrhblzrjppr

Akblkdho

Akoojrgph

Akrrkrrkvvk

Akrrgz~k

Agophoh

Ojn~hreh

Ojyh`hOjt Lhavrlk~j

Ojt Mj~rj{

Ojt Aj|kbg

Ojt [g~e

Og~pl Bh~gckoh

Og~pl @hegph

Glkg

Gechlgah

G~jdgo

Vjoor{cyhokh

^lg`j Krcho`

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh

Rgzpl @hegph

Pjoojrrjj

Pj|hr

Zphl

Yj~agop

YK^DKoKH

Thrlkodpgo

Tjrp Yk~dkokh

Tkrbgorko

T{gakod

8/ Rphpj gjr ogp j|vckbkpc{ ~jxzk~j ptg akog~r# nzpkp lhr jxzkyhcjop ~jxzk~jajopr/

>/ Vjoor{cyhokh lhr ptg gvpkgor/ Goj gvpkgo~jxzk~jr h 26 b~j`kp bgobjop~hpkgo ko gojrznmjbp ho` ojh~c{ h akog~ ,8> b~j`kpr+ ko pl~jjh``kpkgohc rznmjbpr5 plj rjbgo` gvpkgo kr >8b~j`kpr ko ptg rznmjbp!h~jh bgobjop~hpkgor tkpl8> b~j`kpr ko ptg h``kpkgohc rznmjbpr/


35/164


= 22

Idz >>

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko Rjbgo`h~{Pjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

> nrp vbpb RpprKo`khoh# Pjoojrrjj

>; Rppr Ap DHchnhah# H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#

Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Ehorhr#

Ejopzbe{# Ahkoj# Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho#Akoojrgph# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt [g~e#

Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# Gechlgah# Vjoor{cyhokh#

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph# Pj|hr# Zphl#

Yj~agop# YK^DKoKH# Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh#

Tkrbgorko

6 Rppr O Ap D

< Rppr vp Ap D@krp~kbp gi Bgczankh# Lhthkk# Cgzkrkhoh#

Ah~{cho`# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Ojyh`h#

Ojt Aj|kbg

6 Rppr Ap Ra vp D

8> Rppr @ Op Ap DHchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckig~okh# Bgcg~h`g# Kgth#

Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojt Lhavrlk~j#

Og~pl Bh~gckoh# G~jdgo# lg`j Krcho`#

T{gakod


ot Dgh

Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j plhp rjbgo`h~{pjhblj~r vhrr h ckbjorkod pjrp ko jyj~{ rznmjbpplj{ kopjo` pg pjhbl/

>/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j plhp rjbgo`h~{pjhblj~r vhrr h bgopjop pjrp tljo h``kod

rznmjbp!h~jh jo`g~rjajopr pg ho j|krpkodckbjorj/

Nhedg`



D I Rbo` Pb vpoPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp rjbg`h~{ pjhblj~r h~j rzbkjpc{ v~jvh~j` pg pjhbl

hvv~gv~khpj d~h`j!cjyjc bgpjp/


36/164


HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh ~jxzk~jr plhp kpr rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr vhrr h V~h|kr KK bgopjop pjrp pg pjhbl ho{ bg~j

rjbgo`h~{ rznmjbpr/ Zog~pzohpjc{# Yk~dkokh vj~akpr h rkdokbhop cggvlgcj pg plkr kavg~phop vgckb{ n{hccgtkod h djoj~hc rgbkhc rpz`kjr jo`g~rjajop# tkplgzp ~jxzk~kod rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrpkod g~ jhbl rznmjbph~jh tkplko plj `krbkvckoj ,rjj Dghc 8!L+/

Iz~plj~# pg h`` ho h``kpkgohc jc` pg h rjbgo`h~{ ckbjorj# pjhblj~r azrp hcrg vhrr h V~h|kr KK bgopjop pjrp/Lgtjyj~# hr rphpj` hngyj# Yk~dkokh bhoogp dzh~hopjj bgopjop eogtcj`dj ko jhbl rvjbkb rznmjbp g~ plgrjrjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r tlg h`` djoj~hc rgbkhc rpz`kjr jo`g~rjajopr/

Rvvgkd ~rhlYk~dkokh H`akokrp~hpkyj Bg`j# < YHB >6!>>!06# !46

~jbGAAjo@HpKGo

o ^jxzk~j rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrpkd g~ hcc rjbg`h~{ pjhblj~ bh`k`hpjr/

Yk~dkokh tkrjc{ ~jxzk~jr rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrpr g~ agrp rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r nzp rlgzc` h``~jrr ho{cggvlgcjr plhp zo`j~akoj plkr vgckb{ ,rjj Dghc 8!L+/ Plkr hvvckjr pg plj h``kpkgo g jo`g~rjajoprhr tjcc/

YK~DKoKH ~jRVGoRj pG HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh thr ljcvzc ko v~gyk`kod OBPX tkpl hbpr plhp jolhobj` plkr hohc{rkr/

Rpp Apr D vdrr Rob >66;

h 8= D I Yk~dkkh horr


37/164


= 2:

{jR8

{jR8

{r# zp rdoibop o

rbob o`'rb rpz`r>

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O2

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj= Ko`khoh# Pjoojrrjj

>/ Hchnhah# H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh#Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh#Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`# Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Akrrkrrkvvk#Akrrgz~k# Ojyh`h# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt Aj|kbg# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl @hegph#Glkg# Gechlgah# Vjoor{cyhokh# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph#Pj|hr# Zphl# Yj~agop# Yk~dkokh# Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh#Tkrbgorko/ ,Ig~ ag~j go cggvlgcjr# rjj Dghcr 8!D ho` 8!L/+

2/ Hchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g# Kgth# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh#Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# G~jdgo# lg`j Krcho`# T{gakod

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj= Ko`khoh# Pjoojrrjj

>/ Hchnhah# H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh#K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{# Ahkoj# Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho#Akoojrgph# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# Gechlgah#Vjoor{cyhokh# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph# Pj|hr# Zphl# Yj~agop#Yk~dkokh# Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko/ ,Ig~ ag~j go cggv!lgcjr# rjj Dghcr 8!D ho` 8!L/+

2/ Hchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g# @krp~kbp g Bgczankh#Lhthkk# Kgth# Cgzkrkhoh# Ah~{cho`# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Agophoh#Ojn~hreh# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Aj|kbg# Og~pl Bh~gckoh#G~jdgo# ^lg`j Krcho`# T{gakod

>

>

24

>;

8>

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Idz >2

Idz >0

@g hcc rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r lhyj pg vhrr hbgopjop pjrp ko jyj~{ rznmjbp h~jh g~ ckbjorz~j7

@g hcc rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r lhyj pg vhrr h bgopjoppjrp ko jyj~{ rznmjbp h~jh pg h` ho jo`g~rjajop7


Ogp goc{ `g K`khh ho` Pjjrrjj ~jxzk~j plhp rjb!go`h~{ pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr vhrr h bgopjop pjrp pg pjhblho{ bg~j rjbgo`h~{ rznmjbpr# nzp pljrj rphpjr hcrg `gogp vj~akp ho{ rkdokbhop cggvlgcjr pg plkr kavg~phop

vgckb{ n{ hccgtkod rjbgo`h~{ djoj~hc rbkjobj g~ rgbkhcrpz`kjr ckbjorjr ,rjj Dghcr 8!D ho` 8!L+/

YK^DKoKH

YK^DKoKH


38/164


Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j rjbgo`h~{ rbkjobjpjhblj~r pg vhrr h rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrp gjhbl rbkjobj `krbkvckoj plj{ kopjo` pg pjhbl/

>/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j ak``cj rblggcrbkjobj pjhblj~r pg vhrr h rznmjbp!ahppj~

pjrp `jrkdoj` pg jorz~j plhp v~grvjbpkyjpjhblj~r bhoogp vhrr tkplgzp rzbkjopeogtcj`dj g rbkjobj/

Nhedg`



D D Rbo` Pb vpo o RbobPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp rbkjbj pjhblj~r egt hcc plj rznmjbp ahppj~ plj{ h~j

ckbjrj` pg pjhbl/

Idz >:

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko V~jvh~hpkgo pg Pjhbl Rbkjobj

8 nrp vbpb RppOjt Mj~rj{

4 Rppr Ap DIcg~k`h# Ko`khoh# Ehorhr# Ejopzbe{#

Akoojrgph# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# YK^DKoKH

88 Rppr O Ap DH~ehorhr# Djg~dkh# Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`#

Ahrrhblzrjppr# Ojt [g~e# Glkg# Gechlgah#

Rgzpl @hegph# Zphl# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

89 Rppr vp Ap DHchnhah# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#

@krp~kbp gi Bgczankh# Lhthkk# Cgzkrkhoh#

Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Ojyh`h# Ojt Aj|kbg#

Og~pl @hegph# Vjoor{cyhokh# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh#

Pjoojrrjj# Yj~agop# Thrlkodpgo

0 Rppr Ap Ra vp DH~k}goh# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Tkrbgorko

8> Rppr @ Op Ap DHchreh# Bhckig~okh# Bgcg~h`g# Kgth# Akblkdho#

Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# G~jdgo#

^lg`j Krcho`# Pj|hr# T{gakod


ot Dgh


39/164


= 24

HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh gjr ogp gj~ bj~pkbhpkgo ko djoj~hc rbkjobj g~ rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r/ Pjhblj~r azrp nj bj~pkj`

ko h rvjbkb `krbkvckoj tkplko plj rznmjbp h~jh g rbkjobj/Ak``cj rblggc rbkjobj pjhblj~r ko Yk~dkokh azrp jh~o h rbkjobj bgobjop~hpkgo plhp kobcz`jr bgz~rjr konkgcgd{# bljakrp~{# vl{rkbr# ho` jh~pl ho` rvhbj rbkjobj# tkpl h chng~hpg~{ bgz~rj ko ptg g plj gz~ h~jhr/Bgaajo`hnc{# bho`k`hpjr azrp hcrg vhrr plj V~h|kr KK Ak``cj Rblggc Rbkjobj pjrp/

Rvvgkd ~rhlYk~dkokh H`akokrp~hpkyj Bg`j 6!>>!846

V~h|kr Pjrpkod jxzk~jajopr

ttt/jpr/g~d


Rpp Apr D vdrr Rob >66;

h 8= D D Yk~dkkh horr


40/164

2< = OBPX RPhPj PjhBlj~ vgckB{ {jh~ngge >688 YK~DKoKH


rjbgo`h~{ rbkjobj pjhblj~r

lhyj h`jxzhpj rznmjbp!

ahppj~ eogtcj`dj7

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8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Hchnhah# H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#@krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# Ko`khoh# Ehorhr#Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh# Ah~{cho`# Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akrrkrrkvvk#Akrrgz~k# Ojt Mj~rj{# Glkg# Vjoor{cyhokh# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh#Rgzpl @hegph# Yj~agop# Yk~dkokh# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

>/ Ahkoj# Akoojrgph# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Aj|kbg#Og~pl @hegph# Gechlgah# Zphl# Thrlkodpgo# Tkrbgorko

2/ Hchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Kgth#Akblkdho# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojt [g~e# Og~pl Bh~gckoh#G~jdgo# lg`j Krcho`# Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr# T{gakod

>0

86

84

@g rphpjr jorz~j plhp ak``cj rblggc pjhblj~rlhyj h`jxzhpj v~jvh~hpkgo pg pjhbl rbkjobj7

Idz >4


ojt Mj~rj{ `gjr ogp gj~ bj~pkbhpkgo ko djoj~hrbkjobj g~ rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r/ Hcplgzdl plj rphpjhccgtr h bgankohpkgo vl{rkbhc rbkjobj bj~pkbhpj# kpjorz~j h`jxzhpj bgopjop eogtcj`dj ko ngpl blja!

krp~{ ho` vl{rkbr n{ ~jxzk~kod pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr pgvhrr ko`kyk`zhc bgopjop pjrpr ko bljakrp~{# vl{rkbrho` djoj~hc rbkjobj/ Iz~plj~# ak``cj rblggc rbkjobjpjhblj~r azrp vhrr h rbkjobj!rvjbkb bgopjop pjrp/

YK^DKoKH


41/164


= 2;

Idz > Rppr Ap DDjg~dkh# Rgzpl @hegph

> Rppr O Ap DAkoojrgph# Gechlgah

2> Rppr vp Ap DHchnhah# H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#

@krp~kbp gi Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# Lhthkk# Ehorhr#

Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh# Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`#

Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k#

Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Mj~rj{#

Ojt Aj|kbg# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg#

Vjoor{cyhokh# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Pjoojrrjj# Zphl#

Yj~agop YK^DKoKH# Thrlkodpgo# Tjrp Yk~dkokh#

Tkrbgorko# T{gakod

8 Rpp Apr Ra vp DKcckogkr

82 Rppr @ Op Ap DHchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckig~okh# Bgcg~h`g# K`hlg#

Kgth# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojt [g~e#

Og~pl Bh~gckoh# G~jdgo# ^lg`j Krcho`# Pj|hr


ot Dgh

Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j rjbgo`h~{ rgbkhcrpz`kjr pjhblj~r pg vhrr h rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrpg jhbl rgbkhc rpz`kjr `krbkvckoj plj{ kopjo`pg pjhbl/

>/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j ak``cj rblggc rgbkhc

rpz`kjr pjhblj~r pg vhrr h rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrp`jrkdoj` pg jorz~j plhp v~grvjbpkyj pjhblj~rbhoogp vhrr tkplgzp rzbkjop eogtcj`dj grgbkhc rpz`kjr/

Nhedg`



D l Rbo` Pb vpo o Rb Rpz`rPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp rgbkhc rpz`kjr pjhblj~r egt hcc plj rznmjbp ahppj~ plj{

h~j ckbjrj` pg pjhbl/


42/164


HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh gj~r rjbgo`h~{ bj~pkbhpkgo ko djoj~hc rgbkhc rpz`kjr/ Bhccj` lkrpg~{ ho` rgbkhc rbkjobjr n{

plj rphpj# bho`k`hpjr azrp bgavcjpj :8 rjajrpj~ lgz~r ko plj gccgtkod h~jhr= lkrpg~{ ,h ahmg~ g~ 8>!846# !2;6

V~h|kr Pjrpkod jxzk~jajoprttt/jpr/g~d

~jbGAAjo@HpKGo

o ^jxzk~j rjbg`h~{ rgbkhc rpz`kjr pjhblj~r pg vhrr pjrpr g bgpjp egtcj`dj g~ jhblrgbkhc rpz`kjr `krbkvckj plj{ kpj` pg pjhbl/

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Rpp vp Apr D vdrr Rob >66;

h 8= D l Yk~dkkh horr


43/164


= 08

Ikdz~j >;


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pjhblj~r lhyj h`jxzhpj v~jvh~hpkgo pgpjhbl rgbkhc rpz`kjr7

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Hchnhah# H~ehorhr# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#@krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# Ko`khoh# Ehorhr#Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh# Ah~{cho`# Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Ojt Mj~rj{#Glkg# Vjoor{cyhokh# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph# Yj~agop#Yk~dkokh# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

>/ Ahkoj# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph# Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j#Ojt Aj|kbg# Og~pl @hegph# Gechlgah# Thrlkodpgo

2/ Hchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Kgth#Ahrrhblzrjppr# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh# Ojt [g~e#Og~pl Bh~gckoh# G~jdgo# lg`j Krcho`# Pjoojrrjj# Pj|hr#Zphl# Tkrbgorko# T{gakod


Ogp goc{ `gjr K`khh jorz~j plhp kpr rjbgo`h~{rgbkhc rpz`kjr pjhblj~r vgrrjrr h`jxzhpj bgopjopeogtcj`dj g hcc rznmjbpr plj{ kopjo` pg pjhblpl~gzdl ngpl bgz~rjtg~e ho` bgopjop pjrpkod

nzp plj rphpjr vgckb{ hcrg `gjr ogp ahej kp gyj~c{nz~`jorgaj g~ rgbkhc rpz`kjr pjhblj~r pg pjhblazcpkvcj rznmjbpr/ Gplj~ ogphncj rphpjr kobcz`jDjg~dkh ho` Rgzpl @hegph# tlkbl hcrg `g ogp g!j~ rjbgo`h~{ djoj~hc rgbkhc rpz`kjr bj~pkbhpkgor/

YK^DKoKH

Idz >;

8/ Ahrrhblzrjppr gjr ogp gj~ h djoj~hc rgbkhc rpz`kjr ckbjorj# nzpgj~r bgankohpkgo ckbjorjr/


44/164


Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ogp vj~akp rvjbkhcj`zbhpkgo pjhblj~r pg pjhbl go h E!8>ckbjorj plhp gjr ogp kj~jopkhpj njptjjoplj v~jvh~hpkgo g jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r ho`plhp g rjbgo`h~{ pjhblj~r/

>/ Hcc jcjajoph~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo bho`k`hpjrrlgzc` lhyj h n~gh` cknj~hc h~pr v~gd~ha grpz`{ plhp kobcz`jr rpz`{ ko ahpljahpkbr#rbkjobj# Jodckrl# rgbkhc rpz`kjr ho` oj h~prho` rlgzc` nj ~jxzk~j` pg vhrr h rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrp g~ ckbjorz~j plhp kr og cjrr~kdg~gzr plho tlhp kr ~jxzk~j` g djoj~hcj`zbhpkgo bho`k`hpjr/

2/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` ~jxzk~j plhp pjhblj~v~jvh~hpkgo v~gd~har d~h`zhpj rjbgo`h~{rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr tlgh~j lkdlc{ xzhckj` ko hp cjhrp ptg rznmjbpr/

Plj rphpj rlgzc` hcrg bzrpgak}j h LGZRRJ~gzpj g~ ojt rjbgo`h~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgopjhblj~r pg ljcv plja hblkjyj lkdlc{xzhckj` rphpzr ko hcc plj rznmjbpr plj{ pjhbl/

Plj bgavgojopr g~ plkr dghc lhyjblhodj` rkobj >66;/ Ko ckdlp g rphpjv~gd~jrr go plkr pgvkb# plj nh~ g~ plkrdghc lhr njjo ~hkrj`/

Nhedg`



D k Rb j`zbpo Pb vpoPlj rphpj rlgzc` jrz~j plhp rvjbkhc j`zbhpkg pjhblj~r egt plj rznmjbp ahppj~ plj{

tkcc nj ~jxzk~j` pg pjhbl/

Idz 28

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko Rvjbkhc J`zbhpkgoPjhblj~ V~jvh~hpkgo

6 nrp vbpb Rppr

6 Rppr Ap D

8 Rpp O Apr D

Ahrrhblzrjppr

8: Rppr vp Ap DHchnhah# H~ehorhr# Kgth# Cgzkrkhoh# Ahkoj#

Ah~{cho`# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt [g~e# G~jdgo#

Vjoor{cyhokh# ^lg`j Krcho`# Pj|hr#

Yj~agop# Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko

8 Rpp Apr Ra vp DEhorhr

20 Rppr @ Op Ap DHchreh# H~k}goh# Bhckig~okh# Bgcg~h`g#

Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j# @krp~kbp gi Bgczankh#

Icg~k`h# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# K`hlg# Kcckogkr#

Ko`khoh# Ejopzbe{# Akblkdho# Akoojrgph#

Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh#

Ojyh`h# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Aj|kbg#

Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg#

Gechlgah# Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph#

Pjoojrrjj# Zphl# YK^DKoKH# Thrlkodpgo#

T{gakod


= 2 = 0< = 6


45/164


= 02

HoHc{RKR^jd~jpphnc{# Yk~dkokh goc{ gj~r h E!8> rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo bj~pkbhpkgo/

Rvvgkd ~rhlYk~dkokh H`akokrp~hpkyj Bg`j < YHB >6!:0>!0 rvjbkhc j`z!bhpkgo pjhblj~ eogtr hcc plj rznmjbp ahppj~ lj g~ rlj kr j|vjbpj` pg nj hncj pg pjhbl# jrvjbkhcc{bgork`j~kod rphpj ho` j`j~hc j|vjbphpkgor plhp rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo rpz`jopr rlgzc` ajjp plj rhajlkdl rpho`h~`r hr gplj~ rpz`jopr/ Tlkcj plj n~gh` E!8> zan~jcch ah{ nj hvv~gv~khpj g~ pjhblj~rg cgt!kobk`jobj rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo rpz`jopr# rzbl hr plgrj tkpl rjyj~j bgdokpkyj `krhnkckpkjr# kp kr

`jjvc{ v~gncjahpkb g~ plj gyj~tljcakod ahmg~kp{ g lkdl!kobk`jobj rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo rpz`jopr#tlg h~j j|vjbpj` pg cjh~o d~h`j!cjyjc bgopjop/

o V~gyk`j h n~gh` cknj~hc h~pr v~gd~ha g rpz`{ pg jcjajph~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkg bh`k`hpjr/

Yk~dkokh rlgzc` jorz~j plhp rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr tlg tkcc pjhbl jcjajoph~{ d~h`jrvgrrjrr eogtcj`dj g plj rznmjbp ahppj~ hp lho`/ Ogp goc{ rlgzc` plj rphpj ~jxzk~j bg~j!rznmjbpbgz~rjtg~e ~jcjyhop pg plj jcjajoph~{ bchrr~gga# nzp kp rlgzc` hcrg ~jxzk~j plhp pljrj bho`k`hpjrvhrr plj rhaj rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrp ~jxzk~j` g hcc jcjajoph~{ pjhblj~r/ Ihkcz~j pg jorz~j plhp pjhbl!j~r vgrrjrr ~jxzkrkpj bgopjop eogtcj`dj `jv~kyjr rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo rpz`jopr g plj gvvg~pzokp{ pg~jhbl pljk~ hbh`jakb vgpjopkhc/

o Jrz~j plhp rjbg`h~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkg pjhblj~ bh`k`hpjr d~h`zhpj tkpl lkdlc{ xzhckj`rphpzr k hp cjhrp ptg rznmjbpr# h` bzrpgak}j h LGZRRJ ~gzpj rg plhp plj{ bh hblkjyj

lkdlc{ xzhckj` rphpzr k hcc rznmjbpr plj{ vch pg pjhbl/

Pg ahej rjbgo`h~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr ag~j ij|kncj ho` njppj~ hncj pg rj~yjrblggcr ho` rpz`jopr# Yk~dkokh rlgzc` zrj h bgankohpkgo g bgz~rjtg~e ho` pjrpkod pg jorz~j plhpplj{ d~h`zhpj tkpl lkdlc{ xzhckj` rphpzr ko ptg bg~j hbh`jakb h~jhr/ H bzrpgak}j` LGZRRJ ~gzpjbho hcrg ljcv ojt rjbgo`h~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo pjhblj~ bho`k`hpjr pg njbgaj lkdlc{ xzhckj` koazcpkvcj rznmjbpr n{ gj~kod jbkjop ajhor n{ tlkbl plj{ bgzc` dhko n~gh` gyj~ykjtr g rvjbkbh~jhr g bgopjop eogtcj`dj# rzbl hr bgopjop!`~kyjo zokyj~rkp{ bgz~rjr/ Rzbl h ~gzpj kr rvjbkbhcc{vj~akppj` ko plj >660 ~jhzplg~k}hpkgo g plj Ko`kyk`zhcr tkpl @krhnkckpkjr J`zbhpkgo Hbp ,K@JH+/


Rpp @r Op Ap D n ~r` pr D vdrr Rob >66;

h 8= D k Yk~dkkh horr


46/164


Ikdz~j 2>

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njptjjo jcjajoph~{

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j`zbhpkgo pjhblj~r7

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o

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Hchnhah

Hchreh

H~k}goh

H~ehorhrBhckig~okh

Bgcg~h`g

Bgoojbpkbzp

@jchth~j


Icg~k`h

Djg~dkh

Lhthkk

K`hlg

Kcckogkr

Ko`khoh

Kgth

Ehorhr

Ejopzbe{

Cgzkrkhoh

Ahkoj

Ah~{cho`

Ahrrhblzrjppr

Akblkdho

Akoojrgph

Akrrkrrkvvk

Akrrgz~k

Agophoh

Ojn~hreh

Ojyh`h

Ojt Lhavrlk~j

Ojt Mj~rj{

Ojt Aj|kbg

Ojt [g~e

Og~pl Bh~gckoh

Og~pl @hegph

Glkg

Gechlgah

G~jdgo

Vjoor{cyhokh8

^lg`j Krcho`

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh


Pj|hr

Zphl

Yj~agop

YK^DKoKH

Thrlkodpgo

Tjrp Yk~dkokh

Tkrbgorko

T{gakod

{jR8 O> O= goe!8> bor

`2

8/ Rp~god V~hbpkbj=Hchnhah# H~ehorhr# Kgth# Ehorhr# Cgzkrkhoh#Ahrrhblzrjppr# Akblkdho# Ojn~hreh# Ojt Mj~rj{# Ojt [g~e#Og~pl @hegph# G~jdgo0# Vjoor{cyhokh:# ^lg`j Krcho`# Pj|hr#Tjrp Yk~dkokh# Tkrbgorko

>/ Hchreh# Djg~dkh# Lhthkk# Ko`khoh# Ahkoj# Ah~{cho`# Akoojrgph#Akrrkrrkvvk# Akrrgz~k# Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Rgzpl @hegph# Pjoojrrjj#Yj~agop# Thrlkodpgo# T{gakod

2/ H~k}goh# Bhckg~okh# Bgcg~h`g# Bgoojbpkbzp# @jchth~j#@krp~kbp g Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# K`hlg# Kcckogkr# Ejopzbe{# Agophoh#Ojyh`h# Ojt Aj|kbg# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Glkg# Gechlgah#Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Zphl# Yk~dkokh

0/ Hcplgzdl G~jdgo ~jxzk~jr pjrpkod# plj rphpj hccgtr ho hcpj~ohpkyjhrrjrrajop gvpkgo g~ bho`k`hpjr tlg hkc plj pjrpr ptkbj pg rpkccnj bgork`j~j` g~ h ckbjorj/

:/ Ko Vjoor{cyhokh# h bho`k`hpj tlg gvpr g~ zhc bj~ pkbhpkgo kojcjajoph~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo ho` hr h ~jh`kod rvjbkhckrp gjr ogplhyj pg phej h bgopjop pjrp/

84 8: 8;

Idz 22

@g rphpjr ~jxzk~j rznmjbp!ahppj~ pjrpkod g~jcjajoph~{ rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo ckbjorjr7

Idz 2>

8/ Njdkookod Mhozh~{ 8# >682


Zog~pzohpjc{# OBPX bhoogp lkdlckdlp ho{ rphpjrvgckb{ ko plkr h~jh/ V~jvh~hpkgo g rvjbkhc j`z!bhpkgo pjhblj~r ~jahkor h pgvkb ko b~kpkbhc ojj`g rphpjr hppjopkgo/ Lgtjyj~# kp kr tg~pl ogp!

kod plhp pl~jj rphpjrCgzkrkhh# Vjr{cyh!kh ho` Pj|hrtkcc og cgodj~ krrzj E!8> rvjbkhcj`zbhpkgo bj~pkbhpkgor/ Goc{ d~h`j!cjyjc rvj!bkb gvpkgor tkcc nj hyhkchncj pg ojt pjhblj~r/

YK^DKoKH


47/164


= 0:

Dgh bgavgr


8/ Plj rphpj rlgzc` hrrjrr ojt pjhblj~reogtcj`dj g pjhblkod ho` cjh~okod n{ajhor g h vj`hdgd{ pjrp hckdoj` pg pljrphpjr v~gjrrkgohc rpho`h~`r/

Nhedg`



D M hrrrrod vrro eot`dPlj rphpj rlgzc` zrj h ckbjrkd pjrp pg yj~k{ plhp hcc jt pjhblj~r ajjp kpr

v~gjrrkghc rph`h~`r/

Idz 20

Lgt Rphpjr h~j Ih~kod ko HrrjrrkodV~gjrrkgohc Eogtcj`dj

6 nrp vbpb Rppr

>2 Rppr Ap DH~k}goh# H~ehorhr# Bhckig~okh#

@krp~kbp gi Bgczankh# Icg~k`h# Kcckogkr# Ehorhr#

Ejopzbe{# Cgzkrkhoh# Ahkoj# Akoojrgph#

Akrrkrrkvvk# Ojyh`h# Ojt Aj|kbg#

Ojt [g~e# Og~pl @hegph# Glkg# Gechlgah#

Rgzpl Bh~gckoh# Rgzpl @hegph# Pjoojrrjj#

Pj|hr# Tjrp Yk~dkokh

> Rppr O Ap DAh~{cho`# lg`j Krcho`

2 Rppr vp Ap DK`hlg# Og~pl Bh~gckoh# Zphl

: Rppr Ap Ra vp DBgoojbpkbzp# Ko`khoh# Akrrgz~k#

Vjoor{cyhokh# T{gakod

8< Rppr @ Op Ap DHchnhah# Hchreh# Bgcg~h`g# @jchth~j#

Djg~dkh# Lhthkk # Kgth# Ahrrhblzrjppr#

Akblkdho# Agophoh# Ojn~hreh#

Ojt Lhavrlk~j# Ojt Mj~rj{# G~jdgo#

Yj~agop# YK^DKoKH# Thrlkodpgo# Tkrbgorko


= 8 = 0; = 8


48/164


HoHc{RKRYk~dkokh `gjr ogp bz~~jopc{ ~jxzk~j ojt pjhblj~r pg vhrr h pjrp g vj`hdgd{ ko g~`j~ pg hpphko ckbjorz~j/

Plj Yk~dkokh jh`kod Hrrjrrajop bgyj~r ho jrrjopkhc bgavgojop g vj`hdgd{ ho` kr ~jxzk~j` g~ jcjajo!ph~{ j`zbhpkgo# agrp rvjbkhc j`zbhpkgo h~jhr ho` plj ~jh`kod rvjbkhckrp jo`g~rjajop/ Lgtjyj~# plkrhrrjrrajop ojkplj~ bgyj~r hcc korp~zbpkgohc h~jhr og~ kr ~jxzk~j` g hcc pjhblj~r/

Yk~dkokh kr hcrg vh~p g plj Pjhblj~ Vj~g~ahobj Hrrjrrajop ,PVH+ Bgorg~pkza ho` njdho h vkcgp v~gd~hako Rv~kod >688/

Rvvgkd ~rhllppv=''ttt/jpr/g~d'v~h|kr'yh'~jxzk~jajopr

~jbGAAjo@HpKGo

o ^jxzk~j plhp hcc jt pjhblj~r vhrr h vj`hdgd{ pjrp/

Yk~dkokh rlgzc` yj~k{ plhp hcc ojt pjhblj~r ajjp v~gjrrkgohc rpho`h~`r pl~gzdl h pjrp g v~gjr!rkgohc rpho`h~`r/

o Jrz~j plhp vj~g~ahbj hrrjrrajpr v~gyk`j h ajhkdzc ajhrz~j g jt pjhblj~regtcj`dj h` rekccr/

Tlkcj Yk~dkokh kr bgaajo`j` g~ bgork`j~kod plj zrj g h vj~g~ahobj!nhrj` hrrjrrajop# plj rphpjrlgzc` v~gbjj` tkpl bhzpkgo zopkc h``kpkgohc hph h~j hyhkchncj go plj Pjhblj~ Vj~g~ahobj Hrrjrr!ajop/ H `kpkgohc ~jrjh~bl kr ojj`j` pg `jpj~akoj lgt plj PVH bgavh~jr pg gplj~ pjhblj~ pjrpr hrtjcc hr tljplj~ plj pjrpr rbg~jr h~j v~j`kbpkyj g rpz`jop hblkjyjajop/ Plj p~hbe ~jbg~` go rkakch~hrrjrrajopr kr ak|j` hp njrp/ Plj ptg rphpjr plhp bz~~jopc{ ~jxzk~j plj V~h|kr KKK vj~g~ahobj!nhrj` hrrjrrajop ~jvg~p vhrr ~hpjr g hngzp ;; vj~bjop/ Dkyjo plhp kp phejr rkdokbhop ~jrgz~bjr pgh`akokrpj~ h vj~g~ahobj!nhrj` hrrjrrajop# h pjrp plhp ojh~c{ jyj~{ pjhblj~ vhrrjr kr g xzjrpkgo!

hncj yhczj/

YK~DKoKH

2011 state teacher policy yearbook

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