OCW-S: enablers for building sustainable Open Education

•Edmundo Tovar (edmundo.tovar@upm.es )

•Nelson Piedra

•Ana Dimovska

•Janeth Chicaiza

•Berlin, March 14tth , 2013

•GRUPO UPM GICAC

“Frontiers in Education Conference” FIE 2012

WHY OER?

• Do we really have an alternative? – Sir John Daniels, former President of the

Commonwealth of Learning 2012: – “First, UNESCO’s 2009 World Conference on Higher Education identified

rapidly increasing demand as the major trend because nearly one-third of the world’s population (29.3%) is under the age of 15.

– Today there are 165 million people enrolled in tertiary education. Projections suggest that participation will peak at 263 million in 2025. Accommodating the additional 98 million students would require more than four major campus universities (30,000 students) to open every week for the next fifteen years. This suggests that alternative models of provision will be needed.”

Source: http://www.col.org/resources/speeches/2012presentations/Pages/2012-04-12.aspx

OPEN EDUCATION IS EVOLVING AS WE WANT?

• MOOCs are a progression of the kind of open education ideals suggested by open educational resources.

• Our proposal OCW-S – Creation of open massive courses reusing and adapting

open educational resources – Generation of recommendations for personal learning

paths from the analysis of usage dat – Interaction and enrichment of OCW courses resources that

are posted on social networks like Twitter

What is a MOOC?

Dave Cormier

NOT ALL THE MOOCS ARE EQUAL

Lisa Lane : http://lisahistory.net/wordpress/2012/08/three-kinds-of-moocs/

CMOOC VS. XMOOC

Alan Levine: http://cogdogblog.com/2012/09/21/just-ds106/

Course Students

Approximately 200 online courses. Approximately 1.5 million students enrolled.

Credential

Unofficial Certification. Some instructors offer signed certificates of completion, but it is not official university certification.

Experience Short video lectures and presentations, as well as such additional elements as online quizzes and interactive discussion forums.

Assessment Peer-reviewed assessments of quizzes, homeworks, problem sets.

Contact with professor None

Social Interaction

Online forums, study groups, and meet ups organized by students.

Availability of resources

Online and free of charge. Resources must not be copied, reproduced, distributed, published, nor modified.

Credits Not offered.

Course Students

18 ~ 160.000

Credential An unofficial certificate signed by instructors.

Experience Short videos, quizzes feedback.

Assessment Software grades tests, problem sets, programming assignment with automatic grading system.

Contact with professor None

Social Interaction

Online forums and study groups, meet-ups organized by students in over 450 cities.

Availability of resources Open-licensed and free of charge.

Credits None

Course Students

9 online courses. Approximately 1 million students enrolled.

Credential

Official Certificate of completion. Certificates are issued by edX under the name of the university from where the course originated, i.e. HarvardX, MITx or BerkeleyX.

Experience edX open source, videos.

Assessment Automatic software to grade homeworks and tests. Essay grading software. Minimum 70% of class assistance required.

Contact with professor None

Social Interaction

Incomplete: Online discussion groups. Only one course, given by the Harvard School of Public Health in quantitative methods, has regional get-togethers.

Availability of resources Open-licensed and free of charge.

Credits Not offered.

Platform - Course Catalogue by category - List of Universities provided - Community of teachers and universities: those who create the courses are experts in the field

MOOCs authoring

Integrated expert tool for creating MOOC courses. My class progress: monitoring and management tool.

Experience Short videos, quizzes, feedback.

Learning Analytics

Performance of students, content, training, interaction between student.

Social Interaction

Online forums and study groups, meet-ups organized by students. Motivational system based on karma and badges.

Availability of resources Open-licensed and free of charge.

Accreditation Mozzila Open Badges

COMPARISON BETWEEN OCW AND MOOCS

Stage Traditional OCW MOOC Course delivery mode. The delivery mode is used

to indicate the method of course delivery.

Online Online

Access As access to any web site. OCW users: teachers, students, and self-learners (may not be massive).

Massive, give access to a larger group of students. Massive. A MOOC builds on the active engagement of several hundred to several thousand “students” who self-organize their participation according to learning goals, prior knowledge and skills, and common interests..

Platform CMS or Web site Learning Interactive and massive environment

Pre-requisites to enrollment

Normally the authors documented the background to use the OCW.

In general, MOOCS does not require exams of prior knowledge (though this some cases may be possible).

Educational resources OCW typically provide open access to class, syllabus, curricula, and teachers’ guides, calendars, lecture notes, overheads, presentations, assignments, problem sets and solutions, examinations, reading lists, references and readings, tests, samples, simulations, experiments and demonstrations, and in many cases audio or video.

Each course includes short video lectures on different topics, recommend reading, reading for assignments and assignments to be submitted, usually on a weekly basis. In most humanities and social science courses, and other assignments where an objective standard may not be possible, a peer review system is used.

Do-it-yourself available labs

Yes, in some cases Yes, in almost all cases

COMPARISON BETWEEN OCW AND MOOCS Stage Traditional OCW MOOC

Certification of learning/competency.

OCW initiatives typically do not provide a degree, credit, or certification

Certificate of competency when assignment, homework is submitted and a final exam is passed.

*Coursera and Udacity offer unofficial certification which is not acknowledged officially as a University degree, while edX offers official certification issued by Berkeley, MIT and Harvard. .

modes of delivering

content Ideally utilizing multiple modes of

delivering content: video, audio, text, and animation.

Ideally utilizing multiple modes of delivering content (video, audio, text, animation). This could be pre-recorded, live or a combination of the two.

Open licensing of content, open structure

Always. Content is published using open licenses.

Open licensing of content may not be present in all MOOC projects.

Self-Assessments and tasks

Participants may complete and submit tasks at any time

Participants may complete and submit tasks at any time while the course is active.

COMPARISON BETWEEN OCW AND MOOCS

Stage Traditional OCW MOOC Tuition Zero Zero Interaction and peer-to-peer

Exchanges No Yes. MOOC integrates the

connectivity of social networking.

Support The courses are created by

faculty experts in a field of knowledge. However, OCW institutions do not typically provide access to faculty. A lack of professional support provided by subject tutors or experts

MOOC Integrates the facilitation of an acknowledged expert in a field of study.

Tutoring and guidance A lack of guidance provided by support specialists

Guidance provided

Facilitate asynchronous interaction

No. Yes.

Cost Cost to produce the content, there is also a cost to host and disseminate the content. There is also a cost to develop the platform.

Cost to produce the content, there is also a cost to host and disseminate the content. There is also a cost to develop the platform.

The OCW-S concept

The OCW-S concept. Certification

• Option 1: OCW-S Certificate: – Certification process: Certification of knowledge

and skills through final evaluation. – Cost: Zero

• Option 2: Certificate Validated by a University: – Certification process: Certification of knowledge

and skills through final evaluation. – Cost: costs depend on the policy of each

institution.

The OCW-S concept. Content organization

– Pedagogy Model: OCW-S are based on several principles from connectivist pedagogy. Content is structured in a ‘self-learning’ or ‘self-teaching’ method.

– OCW-S requires instructional design that facilitates large-scale feedback and interaction.

– Preparation of educational content

The OCW-S concept. Mentoring and support

– Approach: An important subject is to decrease the feeling of confusion and disorientation for students who are used to strict, syllabus directed, lecture courses.

– Strategies: OCW-S uses tools and strategies based on the Social Web and connectivist design principles.

The OCW-S concept. Monitoring and self-Assessment

– Approach: use tools and strategies based on the Social Web.

– Self-Assessment Tool is required. It is important that the tool helps determine strengths and areas for improvement or new learning. It is also important that the tool retaining personal performance records.

– Facilitate asynchronous interaction between as many participants as possible.

Conclusions

– OCW-S • gives every student the possibility to obtain both official

and unofficial certification • requires instructional design that facilitates large-scale

feedback and interaction • guarantees the quality of all the educational materials

created with the course. These ones can be edited or added online to other content produced in different places.

• uses tools and strategies based on the Social Web and connectivism design principles which offer complete integration and social networking between peers.