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2013 Rey Ty PlatoTRANSCRIPT
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Plato• 428/427 – 347 B.C.
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Plato• Greek idealist philosopher
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Plato• Objective idealism
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Plato• Disciple of Socrates
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Plato• Teacher of Aristotle
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Plato• Forms or Ideas: To
explain being, he developed the theory of the existence of immaterial forms of objects
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Plato• The sensible world is a
product of Ideas & matter, thereby occupying an intermediate position.
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Plato• Ideas are
eternal & transcelestial: They don’t come into being or end.
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Plato• Ideas are not dependent on or relative to time & space.
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Plato•His cosmology focused on the “world soul.”
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Plato• His psychology
focused on the reincarnation of the soul, which resides in the human body.
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PlatoKnowledge
1
Authentic
2
Rational
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PlatoAuthentic Knowledge:
Only possible with “Forms” or “Ideas”
Source is the immortal human soul’s reminiscence of the world of ideas prior to its incarnation in the human mortal body.
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Plato• We can only have
an opinion of the sensual world (objects & phenomena), not knowledge.
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Plato• Between Ideas & the
sensible world are mathematical objects, which are accessible to rational knowledge.
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Plato
Method of cognition
Dialectics
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Plato•He promoted an ideal aristocratic state.
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Plato
Promoted an ideal aristocratic society,
based on slave labor.
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Plato’s Ideal State
Philosophers-rulers govern
Guardians (soldiers) watch
over the state
Handicraftsmen are below the free citizens
(kings & soldiers)
Slaves
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Plato• Plato’s utopia
was the Athenian idealization of ancient Egyptian caste system.
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Plato• He understood
the role of division of labor in the formation of the Greek polis (city-state).
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