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2013

Trimester 2 COURSE OUTLINE

BILD 251 / SARC 251 HISTORY OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

GENERAL

BBSC – Core; BAS – Elective. Trimester Two; 15 points

ASSESSMENT

100% internal by assignment (40%) and class test (20%)

CLASS TIMES AND LOCATIONS

LECTURES: Tuesday 8.30 am – 10.20 am Room: VS LT 2

Thursday 8.30 am – 10.20 am Room: VS LT 2

COORDINATOR

Coordinator

Name Nigel Isaacs

Room: VS 2.09

Phone: 463 9745 Mobile 0274 349 363

Office Hours: By appointment 12 noon – 4pm Thursday

Email: nigel.isaacs@vuw.ac.nz

Panoramic vista of Pinedale about 1947 (about 5 km from Putaruru, on the railway line to Rotorua)

(original photographer unknown) (original 11 cm x 53 cm)

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COMMUNICATION OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Any changes or additions to this Course Outline will be discussed and agreed with the class, and conveyed through

Blackboard or via email to all students enrolled in the course. Changes to submission dates for items of

assessment cannot occur without permission from the Head of School.

If you find that you are not receiving messages from Blackboard, please discuss the problem with ITS (phone 463

5050, its-service@vuw.ac.nz or http://www.victoria.ac.nz/its/)

PRESCRIPTION

The historical, social and economic development of construction methods, materials and systems. The impact,

relevance and importance of the scientific, industrial and information technology revolutions. Trends in the

international development of building technology, with a primary focus on New Zealand.

COURSE CONTENT

The scope of BILD 251 / SARC 251 extends from the technology associated with the classical architecture of the

ancient Greek and Roman civilisations to the impacts of information technology as it affects the planning and

construction of modern buildings, today and in the future, particularly in New Zealand.

The evolution of modern building materials, methods and construction will be studied in the context of a number of

specific periods and locations within which comparatively rapid development took place. These will include the

explosion of creative energy that occurred in medieval Europe, the rapid social and technological developments of the

Italian Renaissance; the impacts on building methods and technology of Empire and colonisation; and the technical

and social upheaval of the Industrial Revolution. Particular attention will be directed to developments over the past

two hundred years and their impact on the development and use of building technology in New Zealand

COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Students who pass this course will be able to:

1: locate, select and analyse a range of reference materials dealing with historical, cultural, physical,

social, economic, scientific and technological aspects of common building technologies

2: demonstrate an awareness and understanding of the evolution of common building technologies bot h

internationally and in New Zealand

3: communicate a critical assessment of the developments of a range of building technologies

Harmon S. Palmer 1901 US Patent 674,874 Hollow Concrete Block

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GRADUATE SKILLS

Graduate Skills

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Assessed

Knowledge

Information literacy

Creative and Critical Thinking

Problem solving

Critical evaluation

Work autonomously

Creativity and innovation

Communication

Effective communication (written)

Effective communication (oral)

Effective communication (graphic)

Work effectively in a team setting

Leadership

Ethical behaviour in social / professional / work environments

Responsible, effective citizenship

Commitment to responsibilities under the Treaty of Waitangi

Knowledge

By the end of the course, students who have passed this course, will have developed an understanding and critical

awareness of:

social and economic factors which affected architecture & building technology

links between functional and aesthetic requirements

changes in societal definitions of comfort and performance in relation to changes in building technology

the evolution of construction methods and materials

the scientific and industrial revolutions

trends in the development of the technology of building and societal changes particularly as they relate to New Zealand.

Creative & Critical Thinking

By the end of the course, students who have passed this course will have learned to apply:

analytical and evaluative skills as aids to architectural historical research and appraisal

research and reporting skills to explain the scope and context (historical, cultural, physical, social, economic, scientific and technological) as it has affected architecture and building through the ages

Communication

By the end of the course, students who have passed this course will have learned how to:

describe some of the factors which have affected developments in building technology

prepare and present critical assessments of some of these developments through the use of a wide range of resource materials

demonstrate your knowledge of the ways in which technology has affected architecture and building throughout history

use a wide range of reference materials (including the VUW library)

TEACHING FORMAT

Classes will be a combination of lectures, tutorials, a site visit and student presentations. The regular twice weekly

lectures will be based around a presentation, with class participation encouraged.

Lecture materials, supplementary readings and other relevant information will be regularly made available on

Blackboard.

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Tutorial classes will explore the use of the VUW Architecture Library and the writing of academic assignments

(Student Learning Support Services). Two site visits will be used to examine the use of building technologies in older

buildings.

The reading list, available on Blackboard, refers to books which are all available in the VUW Library on Level 1, at 139

Vivian Street.

Any material presented in any lecture or tutorial may be included in the final class test.

There is no group work or assessment – all work must be your own work. You may work together on assignments,

although you will each have your own topic. However, the written and drawn material you submit must be your

own work. Work that appears to be copied will be investigated and disciplinary action will be taken as appropriate. All

essay components of the assignments will be checked using Turnitin BEFORE hand-in.

Topics to be covered:

From Caves to Arches (NI) – from earliest shelter through to the development of the arch

Darks Ages to Renaissance (NI) – plans, religious architecture; development of the arch; stone to timber construction; human proportions; controlled use of fire and impact on construction;

Enlightenment (NI) – alchemy, the scientific method, steam engine, time ,distance, electricity, automata

Industrial Revolution (NI) – development of iron & steel

NZ 19th Century (NI) – use of traditional methods and materials (raupo, slab, earth and stone); timber frame; development of standards; early building controls

Natural & Artificial Light (NI) – translucent and transparent window coverings; liquid, gas and electric lighting

Ventilation & Sanitation (NI) – provision of water (hot & cold), natural and mechanical ventilation, space heating, smog

Timber (NI) – forestry, timber and manufactured timber products, nails

Cement & Concrete (NI) – development of cement from Roman times, reinforced concrete, ferrocement, home handymen

Other Materials (NI) – Old materials (stone, unfired & fired earth), new materials (metals, plastics, finishes, thermal insulation)

Vertical Transport (NI) – the development of elevators and escalators and the consequences for the development of buildings

Information Technology (NI) – the development of information technology and its impact on buildings

Sustainability (NI) – changes in the pressures on the natural environment; modern international agreements - Montreal Protocol (ozone depleting substances) & UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (greenhouse gases); sustainable architecture and self-reliance

Weathertightness (DK) – How water has been kept out (and sometime let it in) from earliest buildings

Guest lecture –

Lecturers: Nigel Isaacs (NI), David Kernohan (DK), Jason Murphy (Architecture Subject Librarian), Xiaodan Gao

(Student Learning Support Services (SLSS)) plus Guest Lecturer, Maurice Clark, McKee Fehl Ltd

MANDATORY COURSE REQUIREMENTS

In order to pass the course, you must achieve an overall grade of C or better and must also satisfy the following:

Achieve a grade of ‘D” or higher in all assignments

Achieve a minimum of 40% in the class test

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WORKLOAD

Attendance and participation is an important aspect of the learning process, and you are expected to attend all the

lectures and tutorials.

If extraordinary circumstances arises that require you to be absent from some class sessions, you should discuss the

situation with the Course Coordinator as soon as possible.

You should expect to spend a total of around 150 hours on this course, including both scheduled class time and

independent study. Typically this involves around 10-12 hours per week during the twelve teaching weeks, with the

balance during the mid trimester break, study week and examination period.

Your expected time investment for the teaching trimester is as follows:-

ASSESSMENT

The two assessments are built around site visits which will take place during normal class time – you are expected to

attend each of these. There is a small entrance charge for each visit as noted below. Each assignment is worth 40%

of the total grade.

Assignment #1: Evolution of Building Technologies Hand out Tuesday 23

rd July 2013

Site visit 8.30 am, 25 July, Wellington Museum of City & Sea, Queens Wharf www.museumswellington.org.nz

Assignment due: midnight Wednesday 14th

August 2013 (presentations that week)

Assignment #2: Technological Milestones Hand out Tuesday 20

th August 2013

Site visit ($4) Colonial Cottage Museum, 68 Nairn St (www.colonialcottagemuseum.co.nz) Thursday 12 September 8.30 am to 10.30 am (about 10 min walk from SoAD)

Assignment due: midnight Wednesday 25th

September 2013 (presentations that week)

Assessment

The grading breakdown for 2013, with planned assignment hand-in dates, and links to Course Learning Objectives is:

Assessment Components Due Date % of total

grade CLO

Assignment 1: Seminar & Research Essay 14 August 2013 40% 1, 2, 3 Assignment 2: Poster & Research Essay 25 September 2013 40% 1, 2, 3 30 minute class test 17 October 2013 20% 1, 2

TOTAL 100%

A separate handout will be provided for each assignment, and topic selection for each student will be discussed in

class. Individual students will be allocated a date for their seminar presentation after discussion with the Course

Coordinator at least one week prior. Note that the written research essay is due to be handed-in on the last class day

in the week of the presentation, as shown on the timetable. Any part of the assignment may be handed in prior to the

due date.

The class test will be multi-choice, based on the material taught (including site visits) during the trimester.

The Course is internally assessed by assignment work in the form of 2 projects and 1 class test. Assignments are

assessed and graded A+, A, A-, B+, B, B-, C+, C, D, E, (where C is a PASS). Grades only are issued to students. The

Weekly 2 x 2 hour lectures each week 48 Weekly 3 hours reading each week 36 Assignments 2 assignments x 30 hours 60 Class Test 6 hours revision and study for test 6

TOTAL 150

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final grade for the course is based on the aggregation of the percentage marks for each of the assignments, and a

final grade of C or better is required to pass the course.

NOTE: In order to ensure equity, hand-in dates cannot be modified. A hand-in date cannot be changed

without permission from the Head of School.

Assessment Criteria specific to individual projects will be listed in each Project Outline. Each assignment consists of

both a written essay and a presentation.

The assignment research essay is expected to be in the range from 1,500 to 3,000 words, plus any illustrative material

and references. The PowerPoint or poster should be of a suitable length to fit within the time allocation.

The general assessment criteria used are:

Assignments 1 & 2 Research Essay (70% of the assignment grade)

Topic: follows the project requirements

Argument: clearly and logically expressed

Literature search: references show wide and relevant coverage of possible sources

Coverage: the topic is clearly explained and documented including historical background, explanation of key points, issues and arguments discussed.

Conclusion: topic demonstrated and consequences summarised

Presentation: Good use of headings, spelling, layout - including use of white space, images, easy to follow

Referenced: to an academic standard. Please use MLA referencing system

Assignment 1 Seminar Presentation (30% of the assignment grade)

A 4-5 minute PowerPoint presentation given in front of your colleagues

Slides: well laid out, good use of colour, fonts, images

Presentation: speak clearly, confidently, display knowledge of topic

Coverage: topic is clearly explained with historical background, explanation of key points, consequences of the event documented

Timing: presentation and questions within set time

References: images and quotes referenced

Assignment 2 Poster Presentation (30% of the assignment grade)

A 2-3 minute presentation to an A0 poster (portrait orientation), given in front of your colleagues

Readability: Able to be read at a suitable distance, well laid out, use of white space & images

Presentation - Speak clearly, confidently, display knowledge of topic, images referenced

Coverage: EVENT is clearly explained with historical background, explanation of key points, consequences of the event documented

Timing: Able to present on the topic within the set time

References: images and quotes referenced

ALL material, including that sourced from the internet, is expected to be referenced.

No assignment with solely internet addresses (e.g. www.rubbish.co.nz) as references will achieve a passing grade.

Considerable reference material has now become available on the internet. Students are cautioned against basing

key conclusions on internet material of unclear origin or uncertain quality.

You are encouraged to use reliable internet sources, but are also reminded that not everything, particularly old books,

newspapers and journals, can be obtained electronically. Of particular internet interest may be the National Library of

New Zealand’s (www.natlib.govt.nz) digital resources – notably Papers Past (newspapers) and Matapihi (images).

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All grades posted during this course are only provisional results until confirmed by the School Examiners Committee which meets after the examination period.

SUBMISSION AND RETURN OF WORK

All work submitted for assessment must be accompanied by an ASSESSMENT DECLARATION FORM, a copy

of which is provided at the end of this Course Outline.

You are responsible for ensuring your work is submitted on time and in the required format.

Each assignment provided for assessment in this course must be checked for academic integrity by the electronic

search engine http://www.turnitin.com. Turnitin is an online plagiarism prevention tool which compares submitted work

with a very large database of existing material. At the discretion of the Head of School, handwritten work may be

copy-typed by the School and subject to checking by Turnitin. Turnitin will retain a copy of submitted material on

behalf of the University for detection of future plagiarism and for school records, but access to the full text of

submissions is not made available to any other party.

Assignment essays will be submitted in electronic form to Turnitin through Blackboard. This must be completed by the

due date and time.

Paper copies of the essay (Assignments 1 & 2) are due at the start of class (8.30 am) the day after the electronic

hand-in.

A hard copy of the poster (Assignment 2) and an electronic copy of the presentation (Assignment 1) are required to be

provided to the Course Co-ordinator on the date of your presentation.

Work submitted late must be submitted to the Course Coordinator.

Late submissions will be penalised as set out below, unless an extension is approved by the Course Coordinator.

EXTENSIONS

In the event of illness or other extraordinary circumstances that prevent you from submitting a piece of work on time,

or that you feel adversely affect the quality of the work you submit, it is important that you discuss your circumstances

with the Course Coordinator as soon as possible so that appropriate arrangements may be made. If possible, you

should complete an Application for Extension form (available from the Faculty Office) for the Course Coordinator to

approve before the hand-in date. You will also need to provide suitable evidence of your illness or other

circumstances. In an emergency, or if you are unable to contact the Course Coordinator, you should advise the

Faculty Office of your situation.

PENALTIES

For work that arrives late without an approved extension, the following penalty will be: 5% immediately, then 5% for

every subsequent 24 hours including weekends.

REQUIRED MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Students will need to provide all materials and equipment as necessary for the completion of required work. Please

check the website link below for general requirements:

www.victoria.ac.nz/fad/faculty-administration/current-students/faqs#materialsandequipment There is no recommended or required text. No electronic calculator will be required for the class test.

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If there are charges for each of the site visits, these will be payable directly to the organisations concerned.

SET TEXTS

None

RECOMMENDED READING

Blackboard will be used to provide electronic copies of documentation and additional readings.

Design and Ground Plan for No. 1 Cottage

Source: W Leys Thomson 1993 (editor) Brett’s colonists’ guide and cyclopaedia of useful knowledge

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SCHEDULE OF SESSIONS – BILD/SARC 251

Week

Month Day Date Item Location Time

Comments

Trimester 2 Begins

Week 29 July

M 15

TU 16 Introduction (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20 Assignment 1 Handout

W 17

TH 18 From Caves to Arches (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 19

Week 30 July

M 22

TU 23 Tutorial –Research & Writing LT2 8.30-10.20 SLSS & Library

W 24

TH 25 VISIT – Wellington Museum Site 8.30-10.20 Queens Wharf

F 26 This is the last date that you can withdraw with a full refund

Week 31 July/ August

M 29

TU 30 Darks Ages to Renaissance (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

W 31

TH 1 Enlightenment (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 2

Week 32 August

M 5

TU 6 Industrial Revolution (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

W 7

TH 8 NZ 19th Century (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 9

Week 33 August

M 12

TU 13 Presentations (PowerPoint) LT2 8.30-10.20

W 14 Assignment 1 (midnight) 40%

TH 15 Presentations (PowerPoint) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 16

Week 34 August

M 19

TU 20 Natural & Artificial Light (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20 Assignment 2 Handout

W 21

TH 22 Ventilation & Sanitation (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 23

Week 35 August

M 26 Mid-trimester break

TU 27

W 28

TH 29

F 30

Week 36 September

M 2

TU 3

W 4

TH 5

F 6 Mid-trimester break ends

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Week

Month Day Date Item Location Time

Comments

Trimester 2 Begins

Week 37 September

M 9

TU 10 Timber (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

W 11

TH 12 VISIT –Colonial Cottage Museum Site 8.30-10.20 68 Nairn St

F 13

Week 38 September

M 16

TU 17 Cement & Concrete (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

W 18

TH 19 Other Materials (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 20

Week 39 September

M 23

TU 24 Presentation preparation LT2 8.30-10.20

W 25 Assignment 2 (midnight) 40%

TH 26 Presentations (A0 portrait poster) Atrium 8.30-10.20

F 27 After this date the Associate Dean’s approval is required for

withdrawals from Trimester Two courses.

Week 40 September/

October

M 30

TU 1 Guest Lecture – Maurice Clark LT2 8.30-10.20

W 2

TH 3 Sustainability (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 4

Week 41 October

M 7 8.30-10.20

TU 8 Vertical Transport (NI) LT2

W 9

TH 10 Information Technology (NI) LT2 8.30-10.20

F 11

Week 42 October

M 14

TU 15 Weathertightness (DK) LT2 8.30-10.20

W 16

TH 17 Class Test LT2 8.30-10.20 Test 20%

F 18

Week 43 October

M 21 Study/Examination Period

TU 22

W 23

TH 24

F 25 Examination Period

Week 44 October/

November

M 28 Labour Day – Public Holiday

TU 29

W 30

TH 31

F 1

Week 45 November

M 4

TU 5

W 6

TH 7

F 8

Week 46 November

M 11

TU 12

W 13

TH 14

F 15

S 16 Examination Period ends

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CLASS REPRESENTATIVES The Faculty of Architecture and Design operates a system of Class Representatives in 100-level courses, and Year

Representatives in each of the professional disciplines. Student Representatives are elected during a class session in

the first week of teaching. All Student Representatives will be listed on the STUDiO notice board in the Atrium, and the

relevant Representatives are also listed on studio notice boards. Student Representatives have a role in liaising

between staff and students to represent the interests of students to the academic staff, and also in providing students

with a communication channel to STUDiO and the Student Representation organiser.

STUDENT FEEDBACK The Course Coordinator will discuss feedback at an appropriate time during the course. Student feedback on University courses may be found at www.cad.vuw.ac.nz/feedback/feedback_display.php.

OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

The information above is specific to this course. There is other important information that students must familiarise themselves with, including:

Aegrotats: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/avcacademic/publications2#aegrotats

Academic Progress: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/academic-progress (including restrictions and non-engagement)

Plagiarism: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/plagiarism

Copyright: http://library.victoria.ac.nz/library/about/policies/copyright.html

Dates and deadlines: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/dates

Faculty Current Students Site: http://www.victoria.ac.nz/fad/faculty-administration/current-students

Grades: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/exams-and-assessments/grades

Resolving academic issues: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/avcacademic/publications2#grievances

Special passes: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/avcacademic/publications2#specialpass

Statutes and policies including the Student Conduct Statute: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/policy

Student support: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/viclife/studentservice

Students with disabilities: www.victoria.ac.nz/st_services/disability

Student Charter: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/viclife/student-charter

Student Contract: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/admisenrol/enrol/studentcontract

Turnitin: www.cad.vuw.ac.nz/wiki/index.php/Turnitin

University structure: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about

VUWSA: www.vuwsa.org.nz

Class Rep name and contact details:

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Work Submitted for Assessment

Declaration Form Student’s full name : Course : Assignment/project : (number and title)

Date submitted : _____________________________________________________________________ Refer to the information on Academic Integrity, Plagiarism and Copyright on the back of this form. I confirm that:

I have read and understood the University’s information on academic integrity and plagiarism

contained at www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/plagiarism and outlined below:

I have read and understood the general principles of copyright law as set out below:

This project/assignment is entirely the result of my own work except where clearly acknowledged otherwise:

Any use of material created by someone else is permitted by the copyright owner. Signed: Date:

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Academic Integrity, Plagiarism and Copyright ACADEMIC INTEGRITY

Academic integrity is important because it is the core value on which the University’s learning, teaching and research activities are based. University staff and students are expected to treat academic, intellectual or creative work that has been done by other people with respect at all times. Victoria University’s reputation for academic integrity adds value to your qualification. Academic integrity is simply about being honest when you submit your academic work for assessment

You must acknowledge any ideas and assistance you have had from other people.

You must fully reference the source of those ideas and assistance.

You must make clear which parts of the work you are submitting are based on other people’s work.

You must not lie about whose ideas you are submitting.

When using work created by others either as a basis for your own work, or as an element within your own

work, you must comply with copyright law (Summarised from information on the University’s Integrity and Plagiarism website:

www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/plagiarism

PLAGIARISM

The University defines plagiarism as presenting someone else’s work as if it were your own, whether you mean to or not. ‘Someone else’s work’ means anything that is not your own idea. Even if it is presented in your own style, you must acknowledge your sources fully and appropriately. This includes:

Material from books, journals or any other printed source

The work of other students or staff

Information from the internet

Software programs and other electronic material

Designs and ideas

The organisation or structuring of any such material

Find out more about plagiarism, how to avoid it and penalties, on the University’s website:

www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/plagiarism

COPYRIGHT

Copyright law regulates the use of the work of an author, artist, designer or other creator.

Copyright applies to created work including designs, music, computer programs, artistic and literary work.

The work can be in printed, digital, audio, video or other formats.

Normally the author or creator of a work owns the copyright for their lifetime and for 50 years after their

death, (although sometimes someone other than the creator of a work owns the copyright to the work, such

as the creator’s employer, or a person who commissions the creator’s work).

You must have permission from the copyright owner to copy, alter, display, distribute or otherwise use

created work.

If the creator has applied a Creative Commons licence to a work, this permits others to use the work but only

in accordance with that licence.

Further copyright information is available on the Victoria University website:

http://library.victoria.ac.nz/library/about/policies/copyright.html