2013 yearly exam mk

James Ruse Agricultural High School

2013

YEARLY EXAMINATION

YEAR 10 SCIENCE

General Instructions

Working time: 120 minutes

Reading time: 5 minutes

Write neatly using black or blue pen.

Draw diagrams and graphs using pencil.

Attempt ALL questions.

Calculators may be used.

DO NOT write on the question paper.

Answer all questions in the spaces provided in the

Answer Booklet.

The number of marks for each question is indicated

on the question sheet.

A periodic table is provided on page 25.

Write your Name and Roll Class at the top of page 13

(Answer Booklet for Parts A and B) and page 26

(Part C :Data Processing).

Total: 100 marks

This paper has two parts, Part A and Part B

Part A: 25 marks

Allow about 30 minutes for this section

Part B: 53 marks


Part C: Data Processing 22 marks


JRAHS Year 10 2013 Science Yearly Examination of 32

Part A: Multiple Choice: 25 marks

Attempt Questions 1-25

Mark your answers for the multiple choice questions in the multiple choice grid on page 13.


Multiple Choice:

1. Which of the following identifies an element as distinct from other elements?

(A) the number of electrons

(B) the number of protons

(C) the number of neutrons

(D) the sum of the number of neutrons and protons

2. A chemist from the land of Esur Semaj wanted to test a chemical property of the metal, mitral.

What should the chemist do to it?

(A) Drop it in vinegar.

(B) Scratch it with a gold coin.

(C) Smash it with a platinum hammer.

(D) Weigh it and then drop it in water to find its volume.

3. Given the following substances:

(i) NH4Cl ammonium chloride

(ii) Na3PO4 sodium phosphate

(iii) Ne neon

(iv) O2 oxygen molecule

(v) KCl potassium chloride

Identify the type of bonding present in some of the above substances.

Covalent bond only Ionic bond only Ionic and covalent bonds No bond

(A) sodium phosphate potassium chloride ammonium chloride oxygen molecule

(B) oxygen molecule sodium phosphate potassium chloride neon

(C) sodium phosphate potassium chloride ammonium chloride neon

(D) oxygen molecule potassium chloride sodium phosphate neon


4. Examine the following table of alloy composition and properties.

Item Alloy Composition Use

(i) brass copper and zinc musical instruments

(ii) bronze tin and copper musical instruments

(iii) brass tin and lead joining metals

(iv) bronze copper and nickel cast metal sculpture

Which item(s) in the table is/are correct?

(A) (i) only

(B) (i) and (iv) only

(C) (ii) and (iii) only

(D) (iv) only

5. Given the following reactions:

(i) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 NaI (aq) PbI2 (s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)

(ii) CuCO3 (s) CuO (s) + CO2 (g)

(iii) NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

(iv) CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (l)

Which of A,B,C or D identifies the correct classification for each reaction?

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

(A) decomposition neutralisation combustion precipitation

(B) decomposition precipitation neutralisation combustion

(C) precipitation combustion neutralisation decomposition

(D) precipitation decomposition neutralisation combustion

6. Why are members of a family of elements similar in chemical properties?

(A) They have the same number of neutrons.

(B) They have the same number of protons.

(C) They have the same number of outer shell electrons.

(D) They have same total core number of electrons.


7. What is the correct classification of this compound?

H C C OH

H

H

H

H

(A) an alkane

(B) an alkene

(C) an alkyne

(D) an alkanol

8. How does sodium react with chlorine to form sodium ions and chloride ions?

(A) A proton transfers from chlorine to sodium.

(B) A proton transfers from sodium to chlorine.

(C) An electron transfers from chlorine to sodium.

(D) An electron transfers from sodium to chlorine.

9. Examine the following diagram and table closely.

Which of the following conclusions is justified by the diagram and table?

(A) Water is essential for corrosion to occur.

(B) Corrosion can be prevented by connecting the iron to a less active metal

(C) Corrosion can be prevented by connecting the iron to a more active metal

(D) Oxygen is essential for corrosion.

K

Na

Ca

Mg

Al

Zn Increasing

Fe

Sn

Pb Reactivity

Cu

Ag

Au

Pt

Reactivity Series of Metals


10. Which one of the following statements best describes the way that major developments in

Science, such as Darwin‟s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection, or Watson and Crick‟s

model of the structure of DNA, come about?

(A) Great scientists build on the knowledge and discoveries of other scientists, and provide

new interpretations of the evidence.

(B) Great scientists achieve breakthroughs by working independently and avoiding the

distraction of other scientists.

(C) Great scientists have an instinctive grasp of a theory and then set out to gather the

evidence that supports it.

(D) Great scientists have to be single minded. They ignore the work of scientists they don‟t

agree with, and co-operate with those they do.

11. Select the row of the table below which best describes Darwin‟s Theory of Evolution by

Natural Selection.

Key features of the theory

(A)

There is variation within a

population, but the species

as a whole is designed for

its role.

Offspring inherit a mixture of

characteristics from their

parents.

The species stays

relatively constant.

(B)

Individuals develop certain

useful characteristics

during their lifetime.

Offspring inherit these useful

characteristics.

These characteristics

become more common in

the population.

(C)

The population shows a

range of variations.

Characteristics which favour

the survival of the species,

even if they disadvantage the

individual, are selected.

The species changes to

best suit its environment.

(D)

There is variation in the

population.

Individuals best suited to the

conditions survive and

reproduce.

Favourable characteristics

are passed on to offspring.


12. The photograph below shows a fossil of the bird-like reptile, Archaeopteryx, which is unlike

anything living today.

Why are fossils like this strong evidence for evolution?

(A) Life on Earth has changed over time.

(B) Some groups of organisms have remained unchanged.

(C) Only the fittest have survived.

(D) Fossils are almost only found in sedimentary rocks.

13. Choose the option that correctly labels the parts of a neuron.

1 2 3 4

(A) dendrite nucleus cell body axon

(B) axon cell body nucleus dendrite

(C) dendrite cell body nucleus axon

(D) axon nucleus cell body dendrite

http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=neron unlabelled&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SJEw0eSaPVegjM&tbnid=CC0qFXijjkjV0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://appsychtextbk.wikispaces.com/Neurons+at+Work&ei=PnVLUt_5KMynkAXynoHgCw&bvm=bv.53371865,d.dGI&psig=AFQjCNGocv0FCwbvnJ6ZtUUBKp-eJf7R7w&ust=1380763321442454

http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=neron unlabelled&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SJEw0eSaPVegjM&tbnid=CC0qFXijjkjV0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://appsychtextbk.wikispaces.com/Neurons+at+Work&ei=PnVLUt_5KMynkAXynoHgCw&bvm=bv.53371865,d.dGI&psig=AFQjCNGocv0FCwbvnJ6ZtUUBKp-eJf7R7w&ust=1380763321442454


14. Which option correctly matches the endocrine glands with the hormones they produce?

Gland Hormone Gland hormone

(A) pituitary growth hormone pancreas adrenalin

(B) ovary oestrogen pancreas insulin

(C) testes progesterone pancreas adrenalin

(D) pituitary adrenalin pancreas insulin

15. What is the main fuel in stars?

(A) Uranium

(B) Lead

(C) Hydrogen

(D) Helium

16. When the spectral wavelength lines of a star are viewed with a spectroscope attached to the

Hubble telescope, they appear to be shifted towards the red end of the visible spectrum.

What is the reason for this observation?

(A) The Hubble Telescope detects light from distant stars.

(B) The star is apparently moving away from Earth.

(C) The star has released higher amounts of light energy.

(D) The star is moving towards earth.

17. Choose the answer which correctly describes the image of an object as seen in a convex mirror?

(A) The image is magnified for detailed viewing.

(B) The image is reduced for detailed viewing.

(C) The image is magnified for wide viewing.

(D) The image is reduced for wide viewing.


18. For the diagram below the resistance force acting down is 20 N.

Which of the following provides the minimum input force needed to lift this 20 N resistance?

(A) 4 N

(B) 6 N

(C) 8 N

(D) 20 N

19. A common species on the NSW rocky shore is the tubeworm Galeolaria caespitosa. It

inhabits a distinct zone on the rock platform.

Biologists have shown that when it tries to live above this zone the temperature variation

combined with the time spent out of water between high tides make it very hard for it to

survive.

When it tries to live below this zone it is subject to heavy predation from carnivorous snails

and faces strong competition for space from other organisms.

Select the row below which correctly classifies the factors which limit the distribution of

Galeolaria caespitosa.

Limit to upward Limit to downward

distribition distribution

(A) biotic biotic

(B) biotic abiotic

(C) abiotic biotic

(D) abiotic abiotic


Use the information below to answer Questions 20 and 21.

Palaeontologists have excavated the fossils at two sites and have produced these stratigraphic

diagrams to illustrate their findings.

20. Which species is the oldest?

(A) mollusc sp.2

(B) mollusc sp.3

(C) fish

(D) starfish

21. Which one of the fossils here is most likely to be of use as an index fossil?

(A) starfish

(B) fish

(C) mollusc sp.2

(D) mollusc sp.1

mollusc sp.1

mollusc sp.2

mollusc sp.3

starfish

fish

Site 1 Site 2

1.a

1.b

1.c

1.d

2.a

2.b

2.c

2.d


22. Which circuit diagram below shows the components arranged to correctly determine the

voltage drop across the light bulb and the current flowing through it?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

V

A

V A

V

A

A

V


23. The photograph below shows an onion root cell in the process of dividing.

X

In the cell indicated as X, the DNA has replicated and the chromosomes are moving to

opposite ends of the cell just prior to a new cell membrane and cell wall forming.

What is the main role of this type of cell division?

(A) To produce cells with the same DNA whose function is growth and repair.

(B) To produce cells with half the DNA whose function is reproduction.

(C) To produce cells with changed DNA to allow them to perform different roles.

(D) To produce cells without DNA.

24. Which of the following is generally associated with a non-infectious disease of the human

body?

(A) Protozoa

(B) Cancer

(C) Fungi

(D) Bacteria

25. Which statement about “global warming” best accounts for its occurrence?

(A) It is probably due to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases.

(B) It is probably due to the destruction of the ozone layer.

(C) It is caused by the reduction in heat energy reflected back into space because of the

melting of the ice sheets.

(D) It is a naturally occurring cyclic phenomenon that recurs every few years.


ANSWER BOOKLET

Write your Name and Roll Class at the top of this Answer Booklet.

Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response circle completely

using pen.

1. A B C D

2. A B C D

3. A B C D

4. A B C D

5. A B C D

6. A B C D

7. A B C D

8. A B C D

9. A B C D

10. A B C D

11. A B C D

12. A B C D

13. A B C D

14. A B C D

15. A B C D

16. A B C D

17. A B C D

18. A B C D

19. A B C D

20. A B C D

21. A B C D

22. A B C D

23. A B C D

24. A B C D

25. A B C D

Student Name:

Roll Class:

Total Mark: /78


Part B: Extended Response (53 marks)

Question 26 (4 marks)

The biologists Watson and Crick determined the structure of the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

molecule.

(a) Explain how genes and chromosomes are related to DNA 2

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(b) The diagram below shows a model of the structure of part of a DNA molecule.

(i) By using the diagram, name the missing base X ……………………………………. 1

(ii) What feature of the Watson-Crick model of the DNA molecule is NOT shown in the 1

diagram? 1

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Explain how a disease like cancer may be described as both genetic and environmental. 2

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The pedigree below shows the inheritance of a disease caused by a recessive gene (g).

Those with the dominant gene (G) do not show the disease.

(a) Identify the genotype of Generation II number 3 person ……………………………...…. 1

(b) The Generation 1 female has genotype Gg. Explain why this must be the case. 2

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(a) Label the diagram of a simple electromagnet below. 2

(b) Electricity generated at power stations travels through transmission lines before reaching your

home.

(i) What is a step-up transformer? 1

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

(ii) Explain the role of step-up transformers in this transmission. 2

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An electric current flows through a straight wire as shown in the diagram below. 2

Sketch the magnetic field produced by this current.


(a) A student needed to produce carbon dioxide gas quickly using calcium carbonate (marble chips) 2

and hydrochloric acid. The other products of the reaction are water and calcium chloride.

In point form, outline THREE ways by which she could generate carbon dioxide faster.

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(b) Write a word equation for the reaction. 1

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(c) Write a balanced formula equation, including states, for this chemical reaction. 2

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The diagram below represents a polymer

(a) Use an X to label a monomer on the diagram. 1

(b) Name a natural and a synthetic/artificial polymer. 2

Natural: ………………………………... Synthetic: ………………………………...


Shown in the diagram is a method to extract a metal by heat.

Describe how iron is extracted in the blast furnace? 2

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Describe the functions of the following reproductive organs.

Uterus: ……………………………………………………………………………………………... 1

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Testis: ……………………………………………………………………………………………... 2

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Describe the role of the nervous and endocrine systems using stimulus and response examples. 4

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(a) Identify ONE technological development that has impacted on the scientific understanding of 1

how the human body works.

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(b) Describe briefly how this development improves our treatment of diseases. 1

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Discuss TWO problems associated with travelling through space to the planet Mars. 2

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Optical fibres are used extensively in communication.

(a) Draw a diagram to show how total internal reflection occurs when a beam of light enters an 1

optical fibre.

(b) How is total internal reflection in optical fibres used to advantage in communication? 2

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The picture of the truck below shows the four forces acting on this truck. The mass of the truck is

2400 kg. The force of the man‟s push is 300 N and the friction force opposing this force is 180 N.

Use g ≈ 10 m/s2

(a) What force does the truck exert on the ground vertically? 1

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Calculate the net force acting on the truck? 2

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(c) Calculate the acceleration of the truck. 2

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

= 300 N

= 180 N



Refer to the diagram of person using a pulley (block and tackle) below. The pulley has a mechanical

advantage (MA) of 4.

Use g ≈ 10 m/s2

(a) Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy of the 40 kg mass when it is raised 2

through a height of 50 cm by the person.

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(b) How much work does the person do in raising the 40 kg mass by 50 cm? 1

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(c) Calculate BOTH the minimum effort force and the effort distance required for the person to raise 2

the 40 kg mass by 50 cm. Show your working.

Effort Force:

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Effort Distance:

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The diagram below represents a subduction zone, where an oceanic plate slides under a continental 3

plate.

Explain why tsunamis often originate from these zones.

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End of Part B

Continental plate Oceanic plate


James Ruse Agricultural High School

2013

YEARLY EXAMINATION

YEAR 10 SCIENCE

Part C: Data Processing

Total: 22 marks


ANSWER QUESTIONS 42-46 IN THE SPACE PROVIDED BELOW.

42. A B C D

43. A B C D

44. A B C D

45. A B C D

46. A B C D

Student Name:

Roll Class:


Part C: Data Processing (22 marks)

Use the information below to answer Questions 42 to 44.

42. Which hormone stimulates the ripening of an egg?

(A) FSH

(B) LH

(C) Oestrogen

(D) Progesterone

43. Identify the event indicated by the arrow on the menstrual cycle time line below.

(A) ovulation

(B) fertilization

(C) onset of menstruation

(D) end of menstruation.

44. If fertilisation occurs, the developing ball of cells produces hormones which prevent

menstruation from occurring and also prevent the ripening of a new egg.

Which hormone below would cause these effects?

(A) Oestrogen

(B) Testosterone

(C) FSH

(D) LH

0 14 28 (Days)

Hormonal Control of the Menstrual Cycle.

The female menstrual cycle is under the control of four hormones.

Two, FSH and LH are made by the pituitary gland, and the other two, oestrogen and progesterone, are

made within the ovaries.

1. FSH stimulates the „ripening‟ of an egg. As it develops it produces oestrogen which, amongst other

things „switches off‟ FSH production to make sure that only one egg „ripens‟ at once.

2. LH levels remain low throughout the cycle, except for a sudden surge which triggers ovulation -the

release of the egg on about the 14th

day.

3. The follicle which released the egg then produces progesterone, which targets the lining of the uterus,

making it receptive to a fertilised egg should conception occur.

4. After about 22 days of the cycle, if fertilisation hasn‟t occurred, progesterone and oestrogen levels

drop. Once they get below a certain level menstruation is triggered on around the 28th

day of the cycle.


Questions 45 and 46 refer to the information below.

A patient is suffering from a bacterial lung infection. Analysis of lung fluid reveals three types

of bacteria in their lungs.

These are each isolated and grown in pure culture with four antibiotic discs present. The discs consist

of filter paper, soaked respectively in antibiotics A, B, C and D.

The diagrams below show these three cultures containing the antibiotic discs. The bacterial cultures

are grey in colour. A clear space around a disc shows that the antibiotic is killing the bacteria.

Culture of bacterium X Culture of bacterium Y Culture of bacterium Z

45. If the doctors don‟t know which of the three bacteria is causing the disease, with which of the

four antibiotics should they treat the patient?

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) D

46. Which one of the following practices should this person adopt to most minimise the chance of

transmitting the bacteria to someone else?

(A) Wash hands thoroughly after using the toilet.

(B) Practise safe sex.

(C) Use a handkerchief when coughing and sneezing.

(D) Wear thongs in the shower.



Scientists developed two cars which use octane as a fuel. They conducted tests on them to determine

which of the cars is more efficient and economical to run. The tests were carried out in an

instrument given in the diagram below:

silica gel CaOmicrosieveCar engine

A BC D

Description of the parts:

A: Car engine – combustion of fuel occurs here

B: Silica gel – absorbs water

C: Microsieve – traps solid combustion product

D: CaO solid - absorbs carbon dioxide gas

Procedure: The masses of B, C and D before and after running the engine are determined.

Results:

Name of car Abarth Vespa

Part of Testing

Equipment

mass

before

(g)

mass

after

(g)

change in

mass

(g)

mass

before

(g)

mass

after

(g)

change in

mass

(g)

B 100 170 100 170

C 100 102 100 124

D 100 438 100 269

(b) Complete the table. 1

(c) Which of the two car engines is more efficient. Justify your choice. 2

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Since the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, a network of early warning buoys has been set up to

provide communities with advanced warning of approaching tsunamis.

The map below shows the location of two such buoys.

(a) A tsunami wave passes buoy B exactly 30 minutes after it passes buoy A. Calculate its speed 2

in m/s.

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The speed of a tsunami depends on the depth of the water it is travelling through. It can be

calculated using the formula below:

(b) How would you expect the speed of a tsunami to change as it moved into shallower water? 1

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“Witnesses describe tsunami waves gaining height, and their wave tops becoming closer together as

they move into shallower water”.

(c) Rewrite this observation, selecting words from the following list of scientific terms, as 1

appropriate:

velocity, amplitude, wavelength, frequency.

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25 km

A B

c = √gH where, c = speed,

g = acceleration due to gravity

H = water depth



Examine the Evolutionary tree for living things below. It shows how life on Earth has developed

from a common ancestor (C) showing the adaptations (character changes) that have occurred over

time giving rise to the variation of life observed today.

(a) What adaptations differentiated bacteria from all other life forms? 1

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Identify an adaptation that all animals except Sponges have in common? 1

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(c) Name the animal that is most closely related to vertebrates? 1

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A hypothetical common ancestor

An adaptation inherited by

all descendants



The students produced the following table of results.

(a) Using these results, plot a graph of “F” versus “a” and include a line of best fit. 4

(b) Use your graph to determine an estimate for “m”, the mass of the trolley. Show your working 2

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(c) What is the physical significance of the y-intercept on your graph? 1

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

F

(N)

a

(m/s2)

0.73 0.80

1.15 1.64

1.57 2.48

1.98 3.30

2.37 4.08

F

A group of students designed an experiment to explore

Newtons 2nd

Law of motion, F = ma. They varied the

angle of the ramp shown opposite, in order to vary the

force on the trolley, F, and measured the resulting

acceleration, a, of the trolley down the ramp.

End of Part C

2013 yearly exam mk

Documents

number of marks

number of electrons

b scratch

number of protons c

number of neutrons d

c smash

nh4cl ammonium chloride

yearly examination year