PHOTO CAPTIONS

Cover (counterclockwise from far left):At the 2013 National Legal Aid and Defender Association Annual Conference in Los Angeles, CA, NYSDA ClientAdvisory Board Chair (and Client Coordinator) Jay Coleman (l) and Executive Director Jonathan Gradess (r) met withthe staff of Silicon Valley De-Bug (from left): Gail Noble and Blanca Bosquez, De-Bug Organizers, and Raj Jayadev,De-Bug Executive Director. De-Bug is a media, community organizing, and entrepreneurial collective that has aninnovative program to enable families to have an effect on their local criminal justice system; the organization is basedout of San Jose, CA.

NYSDA put together a team to visit legislators in support of the Justice for Our Veterans Act. From left (back row):Stephen F. Coville, II, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Police Captain, Command Sergeant Major, U.S. ArmyReserves; Mark S. Williams, Cattaraugus County Public Defender and Cattaraugus County Commander, AmericanLegion, retired U.S. Navy Reserves Commander, Judge Advocate Generals Corps; Art C. Cody, NYSDA VeteransDefense Program Legal Director, retired Navy Captain and recent Afghanistan veteran (2011–2012); Frank J. Peters,Commander, American Legion, Department of New York; Gary Horton, NYSDA Veterans Defense Program Director;(front row) Dee Quinn Miller, NYSDA Veterans Defense Program Administrative Assistant; and Jonathan E. Gradess,NYSDA Executive Director.

The New York Bar Foundation provides support to NYSDA’s Public Defense Investigation Support Project. William J.Keniry, Board Member of the Bar Foundation (r) presented the grant award during a NYSDA Board of Directors meet-ing at the Backup Center in April 2014, which was appreciatively accepted by NYSDA President Edward J. Nowak (l).

Page ii:NYSDA’s 2013 Annual Meeting and Conference in Saratoga Springs, NY offered a year’s worth of mandatorycontinuing legal education credits.

Page 1:Participants and coaches in the 2014 Defender Institute Basic Trial Skills Program.

Page 2:Angela Kelley, (top c) received the 2013 Kevin M. Andersen Memorial Award, presented by Gary Horton (r), thenGenesee County Public Defender, whose office established the award. Kelley was nominated by Brandon Boutelle (top l),Essex County Public Defender. Observing the presentation is Edward J. Nowak (bottom l), the Association’s President,seated next to attorney Marvin Schechter (bottom c), who presented the Awards Banquet keynote address. Other 2013award recipients were Ronald Valentine, formerly Public Defender of Wayne County (Wilfred R. O’Connor Award) andKathy Manley, Associate at Kindlon Shanks and Associates (Service of Justice Award).

Page 4:Patricia Warth (l), Co-Director of Justice Strategies at the Center for Community Alternatives (CCA), and Lisa A.Bailey, Director of the Reentry Clinic at CCA, presenting “The Real Consequences of Criminal Convictions: What TheyAre, How to Advise Your Clients About Them, and How to Use Their Existence to Improve Outcomes” at the OntarioCounty continuing legal education event on Nov. 22, 2013.

Page 7:A “Train the Trainers” workshop in preparation for the Western New York Advanced Trial Skills Program (WNYATSP);the first WNYATSP session was held in June 2014 in Batavia, NY.

Page 8:Jeff Adachi, elected Public Defender of San Francisco, CA, presented at NYSDA’s 27th Annual New York MetropolitanTrainer in 2013.

Page 10: NYSDA’s Legal Director of the Veterans Defense Program in the VDP’s new Batavia office.

Table of ContentsPhoto Captions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inside Front Cover

The New York State Defenders Association: One Mission,Multiple Means, No Silos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Mission Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Systemic Advocacy—Because the Whole System is

Failing Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Helping Make County Representation the Best It Can Be . . 2

Organizing for Criminal Justice Reforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Technical Assistance—PDCMS, Assistance to Counties,

Chief Defenders, and Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Direct Defender Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Public Defense Investigation Support Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Encouraging and Broadening Comprehensive/

Holistic Practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Developing a Client Pre-entry Program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Restorative Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Addressing Distinct Needs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Veterans Defense Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Collaborating on Behavioral Health, Immigration,

and More. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Public Defense Backup Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Clearinghouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Communicating the Mission and the Means . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

News Picks from NYSDA Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Public Defense Backup Center REPORT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11www.nysda.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Amicus/Court Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

The New York State Defenders Association: The People Putting the Mission in Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Board of Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Client Advisory Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Public Defense Backup Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Veterans Defense Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Members and Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Individual Members and Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Grant Funders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Membership Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

The New York State Defenders Association, Inc.: Annual Report of Directors Pursuant to Not-for-Profit Corporation Law 519 . . . . 31

i

New York State

Defenders

Association

Forty-Seventh

Annual Report

to the

Membership

2014

ii

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Capturing the multiple aspectsof the New York State De-fenders Association (NYSDA)in one single moment canprove difficult. A staff meet-ing on June 26, 2014,brought it all together.

A new era building on the past.Long-time staff membersexchanging knowledge with newhires. Fresh ideas illuminatinglongstanding principles. Decadesof experience in dealing withNew York State’s dysfunctionalpublic defense system, whichstruggles in idiosyncratic crimi-nal and family court systems,encountering understanding ofother jurisdictions. New initia-tives focused on specific currentproblems mingling with well-developed, broader services.

Running through the entirediscussion, a passion for clientsand justice shared by people withvaried stories and skills.

What emerged was rededica-tion to the idea that theremust be no silos withinNYSDA as we broaden anddeepen our capacity to fulfillthe mission of improving thequality and scope of publicdefense services in New YorkState.

Without using the word,NYSDA has worked fordecades to break down“siloed” thinking about jus-tice, public defense, andclients. Encouraging innova-tion in practice and thought,NYSDA has exposed thebroader public defense com-munity to concepts like “teamdefense,” “holistic representa-tion,” and “client-centered-ness.” NYSDA trainings andpublications have put forwardmodels that arose from thecrucible of death penaltydefense work, in the minds offorward-thinking povertylawyers, and out of the ex-perience of clients and clientcommunities.

People and tasks withindefense organizations mustnot become trapped in whathave been called “functionalsilos,” isolated from oneanother and from their ulti-mate goal. NYSDA encour-ages tearing down artificialbarriers that separate publicdefense lawyers and clientsand deprive them of what is

necessary to meet client needsinside and outside law offices.

The barriers can take manyforms. Meeting particularneeds can require very specificresources or skills. Barriersand needs both change overtime and circumstance. Publicdefense programs cannot beeffective if they are static; nei-ther can criminal or familycourt systems as a whole.

In the last year, theAssociation has accelerated itsefforts to address barriers andneeds. The Association hascreated a Veterans DefenseProgram, added a FamilyCourt staff lawyer to itsPublic Defense BackupCenter, and reenergized itsPublic Defense InvestigationSupport Project. NYSDA hasalso begun developing a clientPre-entry program and high-lighting restorative justicemeasures that take the humantendency to err out of puni-tive systems altogether, requir-ing accountability in lessdestructive ways.

The New York State Defenders Association: One Mission, Multiple Means,No Silos

MISSION STATEMENTThe mission of the New York State Defenders Association is

to improve the quality and scope of publicly supported

legal representation to low income people.

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This Annual Report endeav-ors to illustrate how the manyaspects of NYSDA’s workreinforce and inform eachother. How individually andtogether they strengthenwider efforts to improve pub-lic defense services. How eachoffers unique contributionswithout being isolated bylabels—no silos.

Systemic Advocacy —Because the WholeSystem is FailingClientsEvery facet of NYSDA’s workreflects a broad truth: NewYork State fails to provide uni-formly high quality publicdefense representation to peo-ple eligible for such services.

In 1981, a NYSDA publica-tion noted about New York’spublic defense statute passedin 1965: “the very legislationwhich was intended to pro-vide representation for allpeople regardless of income,has, to a great extent, institu-tionalized the provision ofinadequate services ….” Inhundreds of venues sincethen, NYSDA has describedthe harm being done toclients and to justice by NewYork’s failed statutory schemeto provide mandated legalservices.

In 2007, NYSDA’s Board ofDirectors passed a resolutionin support of a complete over-haul of New York’s county-by-county statutory schemefor providing mandated legalservices. The same year, the

New York Civil LibertiesUnion (NYCLU) filed a classaction suit against New YorkState for public defense defi-ciencies in five illustrativecounties. As part of its con-tractual duty to the State topropose solutions to publicdefense problems by makingspecific recommendations tothe Governor and others,NYSDA has been calling forthe State to settle that suit,Hurrell-Harring v State of NewYork, in a way that furtherstrue reform. This has beendone in a variety of venuesover the past year, from paneldiscussions sponsored by barassociations to public discus-sions and interviews.Executive Director JonathanE. Gradess put reform at theheart of his testimony at thestate budget hearings inFebruary 2014, posted on theNYSDA website.

At the end of June 2014, theNYCLU announced a settle-ment agreement with OntarioCounty, one of the five coun-ties that were added as defen-dants by the court. The one-county settlement cannot fixwhat is wrong even in thatcounty unless the State steps

forward with adequate fund-ing.

The NYCLU let that beknown by asking that people“[u]rge Governor Cuomo toinitiate reforms so that NewYork finally meets its constitu-tional obligation to providethe right to counsel.” The suitas to the remaining defen-dants is set for trial inSeptember 2014. Meanwhile,NYSDA continues to call formeaningful settlement thatleads to creation of astatewide, fully and adequate-ly state-funded public defensesystem headed by an inde-pendent commission.

Helping Make CountyRepresentation theBest It Can BeNYSDA reached the conclu-sion that uniformly high qual-ity mandated legal representa-tion cannot be obtained on acounty-by-county basis afteryears of trying to help individ-ual counties achieve just that.Every improvement madesomewhere was offset by adecline in quality somewhereelse. There were fundingcrises, or political considera-

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tions infringing on merit-based appointments, or risingworkloads without a concomi-tant increase in resources. Andso the effectiveness of repre-sentation offered to eligibleclients continues to depend onwhich side of the county linetheir case arose.

In 2010 the State created bystatute an Indigent LegalServices (ILS) Office and gov-erning Board. The ILS Officeand Board establish criteriafor distribution of what fundsthe State does provide forpublic defense; these criteriahelp ensure the money is usedto improve quality of repre-sentation. The ILS Office hastaken steps such as insistingthat county authorities consultwith public defense providerson how such money is spent,and focusing grant money onspecific problems such as alack of counsel at clients’ firstcourt appearance, high work-loads, and the need for assis-tance with immigration issuesthat affect the outcome ofclients’ cases. But ILS cannotforce oversight on an un-willing county. Some localofficials choose to forego statefunds rather than accept thequality-driven criteria thatmay accompany them. Andthe ILS Office has itself beenunder-resourced since itsinception.

NYSDA confers with the ILSOffice on many issues andparticipates in its AdvisoryGroup. NYSDA staff workwith the ILS Office on spe-cific issues. For example, Staff

Attorneys Al O’Connor andMardi Crawford participate intwo ILS Working Groups thatare drafting appellate stan-dards and standards relatingto representation of parents infamily court. Along with thegeneral trial standards alreadyapproved by the ILS Board,these new performance stan-dards will provide benchmarksby which to assess existingpublic defense representationand encourage improvement.

“[T]his is FANTASTIC! Iwrote to people everywhereand no-one has what youhave. Amazing. Thanks!”

—State agency staff person

Meanwhile, NYSDA contin-ues to help counties, publicdefense providers, and advo-cates as they work to ensurethat clients receive effectiverepresentation. From Cat-taraugus County on theSouthern Tier, St. LawrenceCounty on the Canadian bor-der, or Suffolk County onLong Island, the range ofservices described below isone phone call, email, or webrequest away. The informationprovided helps the requesterand perhaps others in similarcircumstances; in turn, knowl-edge gained from theseinquiries often informsNYSDA’s continuing advocacyfor system-wide reform.

Organizing for CriminalJustice ReformsA new NYSDA initiative willexpand and strengthen its

work to improve publicdefense programs and reformNew York’s criminal justicesystem. This April, NYSDAhired a new OrganizingCoordinator, Anne Rabe, toorganize statewide campaignsfor criminal justice reforms.Her first project, in partner-ship with NYSDA’s VeteransDefense Program, was toorganize a campaign in sup-port of the Justice for OurVeterans Act, described laterin this report. The billobtained strong support fromorganizations representing250,000 veterans and theirfamilies, including theAmerican Legion, MarineCorps League, and Veteransof Foreign Wars. News con-ferences and meetingsbetween veteran leaders andpolicymakers resulted in sig-nificant support and statewidemedia coverage.

Plans are being developed fora statewide program to organ-ize and advocate for publicdefense and criminal justicereforms. Rabe has over 30years of experience organizingcampaigns, conducting policydevelopment, and draftinglegislation. She was a SeniorLegislative Assistant toAssemblyman Richard Gott-fried, followed by 18 years asExecutive Director of astatewide advocacy organiza-tion, Citizens’ EnvironmentalCoalition. For the last decade,she was a CampaignCoordinator at the nationalCenter for Health, Environ-ment & Justice. She wasinstrumental in passing state

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and federal policies, such asstatutes on New York’s StateSuperfund, BrownfieldCleanup Program andPollution Prevention Institute,and the Toxic Crime felonylaw. Rabe has received elevennational, state, and regionalawards for her environmentaljustice work.

Technical Assistance—PDCMS, Assistance toCounties, Chief Defendersand OthersThe best-known technicalassistance that NYSDA offersto public defense officesacross the state is the PublicDefense Case ManagementSystem (PDCMS). This soft-ware improves the ability ofprograms to identify conflictsof interest early, track and pre-dict workload to facilitateadministrative and budgetplanning, and make deadlines.Increased use of PDCMS—itis now installed in 62 officesin 44 counties—has led toincreased work for NYSDAstaff; PDCMS DirectorDarlene Dollard andInformation System SpecialistMichael Mayer now workwith PDCMS ProgrammerTodd Baremore, who washired in 2014, as well as long-time consultant and lead pro-grammer Marcos Leite. Withthe latest available versioninstalled in 60 sites, thePDCMS team is now workingon upgrading the applicationand enhancing its functionality.

People interested in improv-ing how public defense

services are provided locallyreceive information relevant totheir particular situation. Thismay include statutes and regu-lations, legislative history, caselaw, policy statements, appli-cable public defense standardsand ethical rules, and a varietyof data; the information isdrawn from the extensiveclearinghouse maintained atthe PublicDefenseBackupCenter,describedbelow, andcase-specificresearch.

NYSDAprovidesspecific sup-port toChiefDefenders,who headpublic defender offices, legalaid programs, or assignedcounsel programs, in a num-ber of ways in addition toresponding to individual legalsupport inquiries. NYSDAsends blast emails to all Chiefsabout breaking news likely toaffect their work. NYSDAstaff participate in regionalChiefs meetings; in the pastyear, that included meetingsof Chiefs in the Sixth, Seventh,and Eighth Judicial Districtsas well as in the NorthCountry. Chiefs from aroundthe state were invited to twostatewide NYSDA-hostedconvenings, where manage-ment and organizational issuesas well as developing legalissues were discussed. These

convenings bring ChiefDefenders out of their juris-dictional silos to learn fromone another’s experience,hear information provided byNYSDA and others, andprovide information thatdeepens NYSDA’s under-standing of current problemsaround the state.

Direct Defender ServicesA core function of the BackupCenter is providing DirectDefender Services. NYSDA’slegal staff aids public defenselawyers by providing researchon unique or complex legalissues, strategizing with soloassigned counsel or lawyers insmall offices who need some-one to bounce ideas aroundwith, and offering informa-tion on how to obtain expertsor solve myriad other prob-lems. In the last year, theBackup Center received hun-dreds of requests for help.Staff attorneys take turnsfielding general calls, but eachalso has particular areas ofinterest or expertise.

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Lucy J. McCarthy recentlyjoined the Backup Centerafter a decade in bothCriminal and Family Courtpractice for the Office of theDefender General (Vermont).The newly-created FamilyCourt Staff Attorney positionthat she holds will augmentNYSDA’s capacity to assistpublic defense lawyers repre-senting parents in familycourt. And her experience in astatewide defender system willenhance the Association’sanalysis of alternatives to thedeficiencies of the county-by-county system that she isnow observing.

Public DefenseInvestigation SupportProjectLaunched just a year and ahalf ago, NYSDA’s PublicDefense Investigation SupportProject has contacted publicdefense investigators acrossthe state. Site visits were madeto Cattaraugus, Genesee, andLivingston counties, followedby a convening of defenseinvestigators from nineWestern New York counties inAugust 2013. These activitieswere supported in part by agrant from the New York BarFoundation.

Yasmin Davis, the new, full-time Director, is working onfuture Project plans. She joinsNYSDA after working as astaff attorney at The LegalAid Society, Criminal DefensePractice in New York City, intheir Bronx and Staten Islandoffices, and as a staff attorneyat the Public Defender Service

for District of Columbia;prior to law school, she spentthree years as an investigatorfor the Bronx Defenders.These uniquely suitable cre-dentials, giving her an under-standing of the comple-mentary roles of lawyers andinvestigators, will informNYSDA’s efforts to improvethe scope and quality of inves-tigation across the state.

Encouraging and Broadening Comprehensive/Holistic PracticePublic defense representationis more effective when it takesinto account clients’ lives andcircumstances, not merely thelimited allegations outlined ininitial criminal or family courtpapers. To understand clients’objectives, and to achieve thebest outcomes possible,lawyers need to look beyondprosecutors’ initial plea offersand family courts’ stereotypi-cal reactions to parents inunexamined circumstances.Factual investigation isextremely important, as theProject above emphasizes, butinvestigation focused on anarrow period of behavior isnot enough. A more compre-hensive, or holistic, approachis needed.

In addition to its award-win-ning, client-centered BasicTrial Skills Program (see thetraining discussion below),NYSDA encourages compre-hensive/holistic practice inother ways. For example,Managing Attorney CharlieO’Brien made site visits withstaff from The Bronx

Defenders to the DutchessCounty Public Defender officein 2013, and participated inthe “Symposium on HolisticDefense” at The BronxDefenders in May 2014; TheBronx Defenders has been apioneer in bringing holisticpractice to public defense rep-resentation.

Developing a Client Pre-entryProgramA new NYSDA initiativefocuses on one aspect of holis-tic representation—preparingclients for incarceration.Public defense lawyers whoseclients with criminal caseshave questions about the reali-ties of incarcerative sentencesmay lack detailed or evenaccurate answers. Beyond thenumber of months or yearsinvolved, attorneys may knowas little as a first-time offenderabout conditions and day-to-day life behind bars. Pro-viding such information mayincrease the client’s trust inthe lawyer, while lack of suchinformation may damage theclient’s willingness to acceptthe lawyer’s advice. And itmay do more.

NYSDA’s Client Coordinatorhas developed a “pre-entry”curriculum. Jay Coleman,whose full-time positionbegan in April 2014, has beenon NYSDA’s Client AdvisoryBoard for several years,becoming its Chair in 2009.He brings the experience ofsomeone who has been incar-cerated to the creation of thepre-entry program and toNYSDA generally. Hewrote the following to

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Chief Defenders about thepre-entry program:

Our idea is to educate thesemen and women before theygo to prison so they may havethe tools to make the prisonexperience a worthwhile oneand return to society ready tobe a successful, productive citi-zen. We believe mentoringmen, women, and their fami-lies before prison will helpstart the process of re-entry, byhaving them focus early onwhat they need to do to beready to come home.

Restorative PracticeOffering public defense pro-grams access to pre-entry helpfor their clients helps thembroaden their practices in aholistic way. But NYSDA alsosupports a fundamentalchange to the traditional puni-tive paradigm of the criminaljustice system. Change thatwill secure resolution of caseswithout incarceration. Thatwill eventually go even fur-ther, moving policy on publicsafety beyond the traditionalboundaries.

To that end, John Cutro, whoformerly directed the PublicDefense Investigation SupportProject, has become NYSDA’sRestorative Practitioner. Hehas experience as a restorativepractitioner and trainer, aswell as a criminal investigatorin multiple homicide cases.He is the key to NYSDA’splanning and presentation of“Facilitating RestorativeProcesses” workshops, the

first of which was held inAlbany in early 2014. Thetraining, certified by theInternational Institute forRestorative Practices, isdesigned to provide conceptsand skills usable in partici-pants’ personal and profes-sional lives. The conceptsapply to “private or publiccriminal defense, prosecutionor judicial practice, or lawenforcement, victim or otherservices,” and not just in lawbut “in schools, social servic-es, counseling, leadership, thepastoral field and volunteerwork.”

Developing “restorativelawyering” so that it becomesthe norm will not be easy orcome quickly. NYSDA willnot cease its assistance to pub-lic defense lawyers strugglingto provide quality representa-tion in traditional ways in theface of state neglect, highcaseloads, lack of resources,and, too often, a culture ofindifference to clients. TheAssociation, which has beenproviding support to NewYork’s public defense commu-nity since 1967, will continuethat tradition.

But as the goal of a newstatewide system draws clos-er—and it does—NYSDAlooks to the future as well. OnJanuary 31, 2014, the Boardof Directors adopted a VisionStatement on “A HolisticParadigm for AddressingSafety, Crime, andVictimization.”

Addressing Distinct Needs In today’s criminal and familyjustice arenas, people with dis-tinct needs often fare terribly.Harm due to the lack of timeand resources for publicdefense providers to delveinto clients’ current and priorcircumstances generally ismagnified for clients withbehavioral health issues,immigration status concerns,and other specific, sometimeshard-to-identify needs. Byfocusing on those needs in acategorical way, NYSDA seeksto help defense lawyers applythe resulting knowledge inindividual clients’ cases.NYSDA also affects policychanges to address these issuesmore globally.

Veterans Defense ProgramThe most ambitious in scaleof NYSDA’s current initiativesis its Veterans DefenseProgram (VDP). The culmi-nation of years of planning,VDP’s formation wasannounced in the first 2014issue of NYSDA’s newsletter:“The goal of this initiative isto engender informed repre-sentation of military personneland veterans who becomeinvolved in state criminal orfamily court matters.”

Several reasons exist for focus-ing on representation ofclients with military back-grounds. First, mental andphysical challenges arisingfrom service-related traumahave in the past too oftenbeen overlooked as contribut-ing causes of behavior that

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brings clients intothe justice system.Veterans may resistdisclosure of militaryservice and traumabased on feelings ofshame, lack ofinsight into theircondition, or lack ofawareness that theirservice might relateto the case. If coun-sel does not inquire, or doesnot build trust that willencourage disclosure, veteranclients may fail to disclosetheir service and/or informa-tion that would help counselidentify the service-relatednature of the clients’ behavior.VDP will help lawyers learnwhat they need to deal withclients’ reticence.

Second, many lawyers, partic-ularly public defense lawyerswith limited time andresources, have had limitedopportunities to learn aboutthe growing body of knowl-edge concerning the effects ofmilitary trauma on individualsin relation to criminal andfamily matters. VDP will helpbring lawyers up to date ondevelopments and work withthem to craft representationstrategies for veteran clients.

Third, resources exist for mili-tary veterans that are notaccessible by other clientswith similar needs. Identifyingthose resources and buildingpartnerships to increase themserves veteran clients directly;indirectly it can serve otherclients as well. When veteran-specific resources are found

for clients with military back-grounds, other resources arefreed for non-veteran clients.VDP will work bothstatewide and locally to buildnetworks, encourage collabo-ration, and otherwise facilitatethe provision of treatment andother services to veterans,helping not only those whohave become public defenseclients but also those who,with assistance, can avoidinitial involvement in the jus-tice system.

Finally, there may be politicaland public willingness toexplore new justice paradigmsfor veterans who find them-selves lost in the criminalcourt system. As noted above,the Justice for Our VeteransAct received much positiveattention in the last session ofthe New York StateLegislature. The measurewould establish procedures toensure that military veteransin the criminal justice systemreceive necessary treatment toaddress service-caused physicalor mental illnesses that mayhave played a role in acharged offense; if the veterancompletes the court-orderedtreatment plan, the court

would have the option toreduce or dismiss the chargesin appropriate cases.

This is just one example ofhow NYSDA advocates forpublic defense issues in manyarenas, including the execu-tive, judicial, and legislativebranches of government atboth the state and local levels,as well as the public.

Seeking changes that recog-nize the circumstances of vet-eran clients is not a matter ofignoring or abandoning theneeds of others. By creatingthe Program, NYSDA is notbuilding a silo; rather,through VDP the Associationis gathering and applying awide spectrum of informationin one context that will oftenserve defense representationgenerally as well.

The breadth and depth ofexperience possessed by VDPstaff illustrate the point. Whilethe Program is focused onrepresentation of military vet-erans, the backgrounds of itsDirector, Legal Director, andAdministrative Assistantdemonstrate their interest injustice of many types.

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Gary Horton, VDP Director,recently received the GeneseeCounty Bar Association’sUnsung Hero Award on LawDay, in recognition of hiswork as the county’s PublicDefender, a post he had heldsince 1991. In 2002, hereceived the Genesee CountyMental Health Association’sConstance E. Miller Award,which recognizes demonstrat-ed commitment to excellencepertinent to the deliveryand/or advocacy of qualitycommunity-based mentalhealth services. Horton honedan interest and expertise inveterans’ issues during histenure as public defender,serving as President of theBoard of Directors of theGenesee Veterans SupportNetwork and working tobring about projects such asthe Veterans ServiceCoordination and MentoringProgram of the Batavia DrugCourt. He also served, alongwith NYSDA’s ExecutiveDirector, as pro bono counselfor The Forgotten Victims ofAttica, a group that success-fully sought recognition of thesuffering of prison workerswho were injured or died dur-ing the historic Attica prisonuprising in 1971.

Dee Quinn Miller, VPDAdministrative Assistant,met Horton through TheForgotten Victims, which shecoordinated. Miller is also theformer Executive Director ofthe Genesee Veterans SupportNetwork, where she advocat-ed on behalf of veterans on avariety of issues including

legal, housing, mental health,family issues, and veteransbenefits within the GeneseeRegion.

Bringing direct military expe-rience to the Program is LegalDirector Art Cody, whojoined VDP after retiringfrom a decorated and varied30-year career. He is a 1982West Point graduate, served asa helicopter pilot in the USArmy, transitioned to theNavy Reserve, where he flewstrike rescue and special oper-ations missions and participat-ed in a variety of combatoperations, and was mobilizedfor Operation EnduringFreedom in 2011, serving fora year as Staff Director of theInteragency Rule of LawSection at the United StatesEmbassy in Kabul,Afghanistan. Cody also has acriminal defense background,having done civilian pro bonodeath penalty defense work.

The VDP office is located inBatavia NY. Attorneys wish-ing to access VDP servicescan call the office directly at585-219-4862.

The Association acknowledgesassistance received from TheBarry Alan Gold MemorialFund of The CommunityFoundation for the GreaterCapital Region for the plan-ning phase of the VeteransDefense Program. NYSDAhas entered into an agreementwith VetsBridge.com, anonline veterans’ job skillsmatching program, for con-tinuing financial support forthe Program. Making suchconnections is part of the jobof NYSDA’s Director ofDevelopment and SpecialProjects, Frank Zarro.

Collaborating onBehavioral Health,Immigration, and MoreMental health issues are notlimited to clients with militarybackgrounds. NYSDA haslong sought to assist publicdefense lawyers representingclients with behavior healthproblems of many types. Inthe last year, Backup Centerstaff have networked with avariety of entities concerningthe complications that arisewhen someone with mental

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health issues becomesinvolved in criminal or familycourt matters.

Among those with whomNYSDA maintains collabora-tive relationships is NAMI-NYS, which hosts an ongoingroundtable discussion aboutwhat is colloquially known asthe insanity plea. Clients withmental illness who accept aplea in a criminal matter thatsubjects them to confinementin a psychiatric facility maylose their liberty for longerthan they would have beenincarcerated upon conviction.Roundtable participants dis-cuss ways to ensure thatclients and lawyers are awareof such consequences, and toencourage policy makers todesign better systems and pro-cedures to protect both thepublic and persons with men-tal health problems. NYSDAstaff have also participated inNAMI-Schenectady forensictask force meetings.

Backup Center staff havealso met with and maintaincontact with staff of theMental Health Associationof New York. Issues in com-mon include interest intraining about secondarytrauma and support for theJustice for Our Veterans Actdiscussed above.

In a different realm, NYSDAcontinues to assist publicdefense lawyers whose clientsface immigration issues inconnection with their criminalor family court cases. TheAssociation instituted a

criminal defense immigrationproject in 1997, which laterbecame the independent enti-ty known as the ImmigrantDefense Project. In the pasttwelve months, NYSDA’sCriminal Defense Immigra-tion Project providedContinuing Legal Educationon the interface betweenimmigration and criminal law,participated in the BestPractices Advisory Committeeof the ILS Office, and madeother presentations. NYSDAthanks Felipe Alexandre, pastCriminal Defense Immigra-tion Project Director, andwishes him the best in hisnew location and work. Withthe advent of ILS grants tohelp county public defenselawyers deal with immigrationissues affecting their clients,NYSDA is adjusting its capac-ity in this area to fit currentneeds. The Association willformally renew its collabora-tive relationship with IDPthrough the provision of legalsupport services to ensureeffective public defense repre-sentation of foreign nationals.

NYSDA joined a host ofother amici in submitting anamicus brief in the Court ofAppeals case concerning theretroactive application ofPadilla v Kentucky. UnderPadilla, defense counsel musttell their clients about theimmigration consequences ofa conviction. On June 30,2014, the court rejected theamici’s position in People vBaret, denying relief to peoplewho are citizens of countriesother than the U.S. whose

attorneys failed to informthem they would be deportedif they took an offered plea.Judge Jenny Rivera, dissent-ing, said Padilla should beretroactive in New York,where criminal defenselawyers had long regardedadvice on immigration conse-quences of a plea to be part ofa lawyer’s professional obliga-tion. NYSDA’s 1997 creationof the Criminal DefenseImmigration Project wasamong the examples Riveracited.

On another front, a dispro-portionate number of peopleof color must rely on publicdefense representation, sodeficiencies in provision ofmandated legal representationparticularly affects those com-munities. This year, at therequest of the Black, PuertoRican, Hispanic and AsianLegislative Caucus, NYSDAprepared a report on the“Racial and Ethnic Disparitiesin Arrests and Convictions inthe Counties Represented byMembers of the [Caucus].”The May 2014 report, con-taining a preliminary assess-ment of data for 17 counties,“demonstrates racial/ethnicdisparities in the arrests andconvictions experienced bypeople of color in those coun-ties ....” NYSDA’s ResearchDirector, Melissa Mackey, con-ducted this and other dataanalyses.

These are just some examplesof how NYSDA collaborateswith others seeking to helppublic defense clients with

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distinct needs. Additionally,staff members participate inor work with a variety of stateand national organizationsthat provide training, infor-mation, and advocacy on arange of topics from clientswith distinct needs to publicdefense reform. These includethe New York State BarAssociation’s Criminal JusticeSection and Committee toEnsure Quality of MandatedRepresentation; It CouldHappen to You (dedicated topreventing wrongful accusa-tions and convictions);National Legal Aid andDefender AssociationAmerican Council of ChiefDefenders SystemsDevelopment Committee; andNational Association forPublic Defense.

NYSDA has also consultedwith community advocacyorganizations, locally andnationally, about legal andsocial changes needed forclients and communities.From Silicon Valley De-Bugin California to Mothers inCharge in Pennsylvania, andthe Center for Law andJustice in Albany, headed byNYSDA Client AdvisoryBoard member Alice Green,these and other groups offerperspectives on violence,criminal justice, and em-powering impoverished com-munities that contributeimmensely to NYSDA’s effortsto secure paradigm change.

Public Defense BackupCenterThe staff meeting mentionedat the beginning of this reportwas held at the Association’sBackup Center in Albany. Ona given day, individuals heremay be working alone or insmall teams on any of thefunctions described in thisreport. But individual andstructural efforts often pullpeople from their individualwork silos into the largerwhole. Staff meetings, alongwith big projects and events,bring people together to applytheir different skills and focus-es to a common goal.Recently, new staff interestedin avoiding any silo effect ini-tiated the idea of “lunch club”to ensure a time for sharingpast experiences and currentthoughts.

Personnel at the BackupCenter include ExecutiveAssistant Diane DuBois, whoworks tirelessly on the manyprojects originating with or

involving the ExecutiveDirector and other adminis-trative staff. She consciouslystrives to keep communica-tions open with others duringthose projects, which can be adifficult task.

In the next office down,Business Manager MaryDurgee is usually immersed infiscal responsibilities andadministrative tasks uponwhich the financial well-beingof the office depends. Nevertoo busy to answer payroll orother questions, she alsoenthusiastically participates instaff meetings and other officegatherings.

Anyone arriving at theBackup Center office in per-son or telephonically willencounter Receptionist WandaHudson. Her humor and“radio personality” intercomannouncements, as well as thefront-desk location, make herwork station the hub of theoffice.

ClearinghouseThe complexity of criminaland family law in both sub-stance and procedure growsexponentially in the currentinformation age. On a givencase, lawyers need access to awide variety of other informa-tion with regard to the impactof various client circum-stances, from mental health toimmigration status. Andadvocates for change toimprove public defense servic-es at the local level andbeyond need yet other infor-mation.

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The Backup Center housesthousands of electronic docu-ments obtained from a varietyof sources, and a wealth oflegacy print documents. KenStrutin, Director of LegalInformation Services, adds tothe collection on a nearly dailybasis and helps staff accessboth in-house and outsideinformation. NYSDA alsomaintains online legal researchcapabilities that enable staff toefficiently and effectivelyrespond to a range ofinquiries; by using thisresource to assist strappedcounty-based public defenseproviders, NYSDA providesmandate relief.

Communicating the Missionand the MeansAll NYSDA services and activ-ities require communication.Following are three of theways NYSDA provides infor-mation to targeted or generalaudiences about NYSDA’smission to improve publicdefense services and aboutvarious means to achievethat goal.

News Picks from NYSDA StaffAll public defense programsand NYSDA members receiveperiodic email updatesfocused on nuts and boltsinformation useful to practi-tioners. “News Picks fromNYSDA Staff ” has beenissued twice a month since itsinception. Data on this elec-tronic newsletter indicate thatit is regularly read by over500 recipients, and no doubtis read by others.

“I really enjoy andappreciate this publication/

newsletter. It is one of thevery few regular

publications I actuallyread. Thank you all fordoing this; it is a great

resource.” —News Picks reader

Staff Attorney Susan Bryant isa major contributor to theproduction of News Picks,just one of the many ways sheuses her library science back-ground as well as her legalacumen to assist her col-leagues and NYSDA staffalike. She also coedits theprint newsletter describedbelow.

Public Defense Backup CenterREPORTNYSDA has been publishingthe Public Defense BackupCenter REPORT sinceOctober 1986. Every issuecontains summaries of appel-late decisions relevant to pub-lic defense lawyers, informa-tion on upcoming conferencesand seminars, and a DefenderNews section; periodically italso contains original or re-printed Practice Tips, Legis-lative Updates, and otherinformation. Print copies aresent to all Chief Defenders,NYSDA members, and prisonlaw libraries. The REPORT isalso posted on the web imme-diately upon completion.

Intern Alexandra Walker hasrecently scanned legacy issuesof the REPORT into the

Clearinghouse, providingready access to historicalinformation for use byNYSDA staff.

www.nysda.orgThe scope of NYSDA’s workis readily apparent on its web-site, where breaking news canbe found on the home page,www.nysda.org, along withinformation about theAssociation, public defense ingeneral, and many other top-ics. Dave Austin, Director ofInformation Technology, postsinformation provided to himby the staff on the website; heis also responsible for keepingnot only the website serverbut all of NYSDA’s computerequipment functioning in theface of outside virus threats,changing staff needs, and, ofcourse, occasional user error.

Amicus/Court WorkNYSDA’s advocacy sometimesoccurs directly in courts, pri-marily in the form of amicusbriefs. In addition to theamicus brief on Padillaretroactivity described above,Staff Attorney Al O’Connorfiled a brief in July 2013 onbehalf of NYSDA and theCenter for CommunityAlternatives as amici in theCourt of Appeals on a ques-tion involving the deductionof jail time and good timecredits from certain sentences.The brief supported the per-son who had been sentenced;he prevailed. People ex rel Ryano.b.o. Shaver v Cheverko, 2013NY Slip Op 07760(11/21/2013). O’Connor alsowon a case in the Court of

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Appeals, Matter of Costello vNew York State Bd. of Parole(2014), dealing with limita-tions on information thatcan be considered by theParole Board.

TrainingAccredited by New York Stateto provide continuing legaleducation trainings, NYSDApresents or co-sponsors manysuch events every year;NYSDA provided continuinglegal education credit fortwenty-three events in thepast twelve months, andassisted or co-sponsored sev-eral others. In June 2014, theweek-long Defender InstituteBasic Trial Skills Program(BTSP) in Troy, NY, over-lapped with a new training,co-sponsored with theMonroe County PublicDefender’s Office. That three-day event was the first part ofa multi-session “Western NewYork Advanced Trial SkillsProgram” and was held in

Batavia, NY. The advancedprogram, intended to helpmore experienced lawyersbuild on insights learned atBTSP and in their practice,will continue in the fall. StaffAttorney Stephanie Batchellerassisted in planning thistraining and was one of thecoaches (faculty).

“Coaches were excellent! …Thank you so much! The best CLE I’ve

ever attended!” —Western New York Advanced Trial Skills Program participant

Many, sometimes maddeningdetails are involved in provid-ing certificates to all whoattend continuing legal educa-tion events. These, as well asmany of the logistics involvedin putting on these events,largely fall to NYSDATraining Coordinator DianeGeary, who is often simul-

taneously working on plansfor future events while closingout past ones.

NYSDA works hard to pro-vide high-quality, affordabletraining relevant to publicdefense lawyers. One waylawyers can make the trainingeven more affordable is to jointhe Association and receive amembership discount on reg-istration fees. (Form appearson page 29.)

Membership also helps sup-port NYSDA’s other work.And as noted on page 15,membership is at an all-timehigh. This reflects the valueplaced on NYSDA, and alsoreflects the work of DawnAllert, NYSDA’s OfficeCoordinator, who is responsi-ble for handling membershipapplications and outreach.The whole office joined in cel-ebrating this milestone, for atthe Backup Center, thereshould be no silos. �

Board of Directors

OfficersEdward J. Nowak, PresidentPrivate AttorneyPenfield, NY

Norman P. Effman, VicePresident

Executive Director, WyomingCounty-Attica Legal AidBureau, Inc.

Wyoming County PublicDefender

Warsaw, NY

Marsha Weissman, VicePresident

Executive Director, Center forCommunity Alternatives

Syracuse, NY

Merble H. Reagon, SecretaryExecutive Director, Women’s

Center for Education andCareer Advancement

New York, NY

Richard A. Rothermel,Treasurer

Otsego County PublicDefender

Oneonta, NY

DirectorsCynthia H. Conti-Cook Staff Attorney Special

Litigation Unit, Legal Aid,New York, NY

Richard M. Greenberg Attorney-in-Charge, Office of

the Appellate DefenderNew York, NY

Susan R. HornPresident/CEO, Frank H.

Hiscock Legal Aid SocietySyracuse, NY

Steven J. HymanPartner, McLaughlin & SternNew York, NY

Seymour W. James, Jr.Executive Director &

Attorney-in-Chief, TheLegal Aid Society

New York, NY

Rick JonesExecutive Director,

Neighborhood DefenderService of Harlem

New York, NY

Andrew KossoverUlster County Public

DefenderPartner, Kossover Law FirmNew Paltz, NY

David L. LewisPartner, Lewis & FioreNew York, NY

Karen L. MurtaghExecutive Director, Prisoners’

Legal Services of New YorkAlbany, NY

Jennifer R. NunneryJuris Doctor, SUNY Buffalo

Law SchoolBatavia, NY

Client Advisory BoardJay Coleman (Chair)Albany, NY(Client Coordinator, New

York State DefendersAssociation, Inc.; and for-merly incarcerated person)

Marion H. Hathaway (ChairEmeritus)

New York, NY (Long time client advocate;

Harlem Legal ServicesClient Board Member;Member, National ClientsCouncil, Project AdvisoryGroup)

Alison ColemanAlbany, NY(Executive Director, Prison

Families of New York, Inc.)

Charles CulhaneBuffalo, NY (Poet; and formerly incarcer-

ated person)

Elisia DonesBronx, NY (Building Maintenance,

FTRE; Retired ClinicalSupervisor, ArgusCommunity, Inc.; and for-merly incarcerated person)

Juan Dones, Sr.Bronx, NY(Senior Counselor, Samaritan

Village, Inc.; and formerlyincarcerated person)

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New York State Defenders Association, Inc.—The People Putting theMission in Motion

Robert FlunoryCamden, NY(Formerly incarcerated person

with years of incarcerativeand criminal justice systemexperience)

Alice P. Green, Ph.D.Albany, NY (Executive Director, The

Center for Law & Justice,Inc.)

Paquita Y. GuilloryCornelius, NC(Client advocate with over 25

years experience)

Kevin HalpinTroy, NY(Residential Counselor, 820

River Street CommunityResidence; and formerlyincarcerated person)

Darryl JohnsonAlbany, NY(Office Operations

Coordinator, The Centerfor Law & Justice, Inc.;and formerly incarceratedperson)

Darryl P. KingBrooklyn, NY (Wrongfully convicted former-

ly incarcerated person with25 years of experience inprison system; formerlyDirector, Criminal JusticeProject, Fifth AvenueCommittee, Brooklyn)

Helga A. SchroeterSchenectady, NY(Judicial Chair, League of

Women Voters ofSchenectady County;Judicial Specialist for theLeague of Women Votersof NYS; and NYSDALiaison to the StateLeague)

Velma SmithRochester, NY(formerly Senior Executive

Director, PathStoneCorporation)

Heather TealeLoudonville, NY(Associate Director of

Financial Aid, HudsonValley Community College;and formerly incarceratedperson)

Staff

Public Defense BackupCenterJonathan E. Gradess,

Executive DirectorCharles O’Brien, Managing

Attorney

Dawn Allert, OfficeCoordinator

David Austin, Dir. ofInformation Technology

Todd Baremore, PDCMSProgrammer

Stephanie Batcheller, StaffAttorney

Susan Bryant, Staff Attorney Jay Coleman, Client

Coordinator Mardi Crawford, Staff

AttorneyJohn Cutro, Restorative

PractitionerYasmin Davis, Dir. of PD

Investigation SupportProject

Darlene Dollard, Dir. ofPDCMS

Diane DuBois, ExecutiveAssistant

Mary Durgee, BusinessManager

Diane Geary, TrainingCoordinator

Wanda Hudson, Receptionist Melissa Mackey, Research

DirectorMichael Mayer, Information

Systems Specialist Lucy McCarthy, Family Court

Staff Attorney Alfred O’Connor, Staff

AttorneyAnne Rabe, Organizing

CoordinatorKen Strutin, Dir. of Legal

Information ServicesAlexandra Walters, InternFrank Zarro, Dir. Of

Development & SpecialProjects

Veterans Defense ProgramGary Horton, Director

Art Cody, Legal DirectorDeanne Miller, Administrative

Assistant

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Members andContributorsLawyers, people in prison,and others support NYSDA’swork to improve the qualityand scope of public defenserepresentation by becomingand remaining members ofthe Association. Membershipstands at an all-time high ofover 1900. A membershipapplication is available onpage 29.

Support also comes fromdonations and from grants, aswell as from the contractualamount provided by the Stateof New York.

NYSDA thanks its membersand all who contributed in thepast year.

Individual Members andContributors1

Anthony D. AbbarnoDavid M. AbbatoyStephen A. AbelsGlenn R. AbolafiaF. Stanton AckermanJoshua D. AckermanPhilip G. AckermanSalvatore C. AdamoDavid R. AddelmanMartin B. AdelmanFern S. AdelsteinJerry M. AderMark A. AdrianBenjamin D. AgataJody L. Agostinelli

Gen AguirreKarl AhlersLouis R. AidalaRenee J. AlbaughAllana AlexanderJeremy D. AlexanderJamaal AliDawn M. AllertMatthew AlpernMichael L. AlpersteinMark H. AlquistJohn AlstonWendy AltonbergMargaret E. AlversonMichael C. AnastasiouGary W. AndersonHeather AndersonMark E. AndersonMary Beth AndersonRyan W. AndersonKleon C. AndreadisJohn J. AndrewsThomas E. AndruschatJohn M. AngeThomas N. N. AngellJohn A. AnnechinoSara L. AnthisLaura AntonelliFrancis J. ApicellaAlison B. ApplebyMary E. AraminiAndres M. ArandaOlga Maria ArandiaKeliann M. ArgyJonathan AriasJohn Jay Arnold, IVMichael AronowskyJose ArroyoMichael ArthusJoseph J. ArtripLeticia D. AstacioBrenda J. Smith AstonJoel AtlasElbert H. Aull, IVDaria AumandJames Q. AuricchioWallace Van C. Auser, IIIMatthew T. AustinStuart Austin

Peter W. AveryGeorge C. Awad, Jr.Pamela BabsonBernard R. BacharachDavid P. BadanesRonald BaezBarbara A. BaggottJeffrey N. BagnoliDavid S. BahnRobert P. BahrLisa Ann BaileyJames A. BakerMichael T. BakerGopal K. BalachandranJacqueline L. BalikowskiSteven G. BallanPiotr BanasiakHerman BankPatrick BannonPaul BarahalRichard J. BarbutoBruce A. BarketTodd BarnetLara P. BarnettBruce BaronMichael F. BaroneNathaniel L. BaroneDaniel E. Barry, Jr.Travis J. BarryMayo G. BartlettRichard W. BartonMichael E. BasilePeter J. Batalla, Jr.Alexander G. Bateman, Jr.Henry R. BauerKevin J. BauerRobin J. BauerSidney BaumgartenTerrence J. BaxterRobert H. BeckCarl H. BeckerGary G. BeckerSean T. BeckerJohn W. BedaskaReginald H. BedellMelissa BednarzRonald J. BekoffMyron BeldockGeorge S. Bellantoni

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1 Members who made contribu-tions in addition to payment oftheir dues are noted in bold.Individuals who donated toNYSDA but are not membersare noted in bold italic.

Joseph BelleAnthony P. BelletierG. Michael BellingerTabber BenedictSteven B. BengartAmeer N. BennoMarisa F. BentonCatherine Armitage BerchouPeter BereskinPeter BergenstockRichard BergerJoyce B. BerkowitzRochelle S. BerlinerJerrold BermanSimone Berman-RossiAndres J. BermudezHallstromAdele BernhardJeffrey BernsteinSamuel A. BernsteinSteve E. BerryRichard A. BerubeDavid H. BessoKaren Nicole BestSally Betancourt VigoritoSusan BetzJitomirAndrea BibleStephen J. BirdCarl D. BirmanStanley BirnbaumAlan C. BirnholzGary BitettiJennifer Z. BlackhallAlfred BlancheFrank E. BlandoCarrie BleakleyJon S. BlechmanMarlo BlockerDarryl R. BloomAlexander W. BloomsteinAndrew C. BlumenbergJoel L. BlumenfeldJoshua M. BlumenfeldTheresa M. BobearJeffrey T. BochiechioWayne C. BoddenDaniel P. BoeckJames BoginFrank M. Bogulski

Elyse K. BohmSenora BolarinwaRobert BolmWilliam F. BonezMartin P. BonventreEftihia BourtisBrandon E. BoutelleThomas M. BowesPatrick BowieJason BowmanRobert J. BoyleTylyn L. BozemanAlan J. BozerAlbert J. BrackleyJohn T. BradleyElinor BraitmanKirk R. BrandtJohn BraslowRoger BrazillChristopher John BrechtelJohn P. BrennanDominick J. BrignolaPeter E. BrillPaul BriteKissa BroadieEdward J. BrockmanBryan G. BrockwayWilliam D. Broderick, Jr.Felice A. BrodskyWilliam M. BrodskyBrett BrogeMatthew E. BrooksJohn T. BrophyPatrick J. BrophyD. Jen BrownDwayne BrownJamel S. BrownJoseph P. BrownLawrence P. BrownMichael J. BrownWesley M. BrownDerek R. BrownleeLisa M. BruceGlenn R. BrunoJustin C. BrusgulKevin R. BryantSusan BryantLinda BucherSeth Buchman

Timothy M. BulgerRaymond W. BulsonAnne M. BurgerLisa A. BurgessRaynell BurgessAlexandra BurkettSarah M. BurlesonThomas K. BurnistonAngela Olivia BurtonDorothy Burton PearmanKara A. BuscagliaSusan Godden ButaniGary L. ButlerStephen D. ButtonMatthew J. BuzzettiFrank L. BybelTimothy J. ByrnesSusan K. CablePhilip A. CalaGennaro Dominick CalabresePaul M. CallahanSusan CalvelloBryan CameronJohn D. CameronEmily CampbellJohn CampbellKevin B. CampbellLinda M. CampbellVictoria L. CampbellDominic Paul CandinoJoseph G. CanepaE. Carey CantwellDerrell CapesPaul A. CapofariLois CappellettiJean A. CaputoAntonio CardarelliCatherine A. CareyGerard M. Carey, Jr.Mary Giallanza CarneyJay D. CarrThomas J. CarrJ. R. Santana CarterJames A. CarusoMark J. CarusoKathleen E. CaseyGeorge R. CasoWalter Casper, IIIChristopher J. Cassar

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Sandra K. CassidySamuel D. CastellinoGaspar M. Castillo, Jr.Deron R. CastroA. Joseph CatalanoChristian A. CatalanoMarco CavigliaRemulo CepedaAnthony J. CerviPaul F. ChambersV. Bruce ChambersElsie ChandlerMonte Malik ChandlerAmmar N. ChathaMatthew J. ChauvinNeil B. CheckmanElan V. CherneyDaniel G. ChertokDaniel J. ChiacchiaDavid M. ChidekelDonna C. ChinLeslie ChingMark F. CiancaMichael V. CibellaKristine A. CiganekDaniel CiminelliLuis M. CintronThomas CioffiMartin CirincioneJohn H. Ciulla, Jr.James D. ClarkPeter D. ClarkWilliam Paul ClarkJohn B. ClarkeDennis ClausPaul G. ClearyFrances S. ClementeThomas R. ClineBryan J. CoakleyStephen S. CobbStephen R. CoffeyRalph A. CognettiAmos S. CohenDavid J. CohenDavid Louis CohenJeffrey D. CohenLori CohenMikael A. CohnChristine Cohoe

Michael W. ColeRichard W. ColeAlison ColemanCheryl ColemanJay ColemanMichael ColemanTehra Ann ColesWilliam H. Collier, IIICornelius F. CollinsGeorge V. Collins, IIIRichard D. CollinsVeda M. CollmerRaymond L. ColonKarloff CommissiongAlyssa S. CongdonMatthew D. ConlonCaitlin M. ConnellyJoseph R. ConnellyMeredith A. ConnerMari Ann ConnollyMichael J. ConnollyPaul J. ConnollyFrank A. ConnorKelly Anne ConnorsTerrence M. ConnorsCynthia Conti-CookRobert N. ConvissarChristine CookRyan E. CookeJoel CoppermanDennis B. CoppinPaul R. CorradiniAndrew CorreiaPaul Keely CostelloP. Christopher CotroneiDavid B. CotterWilliam F. CoughlinBarry N. CovertKenneth G. CrannaMardi CrawfordMark A. CrawfordJames R. CreanIan L. CrimminsMichael J. CroceJohn M. CromwellMarvin CrosbyAmy L. CrossEric CruzFrancis T. Cuda

Anthony R. CuetoCharles CulhaneJohn E. CullenCharles CummingsLisa Sapino CuomoRebecca CurrierJerome CurryVirginia B. CurryWilliam C. CurtinThomas W. Cusimano, Jr.Robert J. CuttingCraig M. CwickMichael C. CyrKimberly CzapranskiPhillip Dabney, Jr.Margaret DaddThomas C. D’AgostinoApril M. DalbecNicholas J. D’AlessandroVictor G. Daly-RiveraGerard M. DamianiKelly A. DammJohn Dangl, Jr.Anthony DanielsEdward F. DanielsDana M. DantonioSheila DavallooAndrew DaviesBarbara J. DaviesPaul DavilaAlfonzo DavisJames H. DavisKeith D. DaytonVincent De MarteRobert M. DeadmanMichael S. DealAaron A. DeanRobert S. DeanKenneth B. DeaneRonald P. DeAngelusBrian C. DeCarolisWilliam C. DedesHarold DeeJoseph F. DeFeliceWendy S. DeForgeBrian P. DegnanClare DegnanEdward J. DegnanPeter J. Degnan

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Karen L. DehnertRoberto DeJesusTimothy W. DeJohnArthur L. Del Negro, Jr.Harold T. DeLanceyTeghan M. DelaneDavid S. DelbaumEdgar DeLeonAnne J. D’EliaPaul Gordon DellJohn A. Della RattaJaclyn DellePaul R. DelleStacey P. DeLoachJohn DeLongJames DeMatteoMichael DennyMary Beth DePasqualeDaniel DePernoJames I. DePointGina Marie DePrimaStephen DeProsperoMichael J. DerevlanyJorge S. deRosasLawrence J. DesiderioBrian W. DevaneFelix R. DeVitoCarl deVyverMauro D’IapicoDaniel DiazAnthony J. DiFioreBarbara A. DiFioreJulius DiFioreNicholas P. DiFonzoAubrey DillonChris M. DilorenzoAnthony J. DiMartino, Jr.James Scott DimmerRobert A. DiNieriMitchell DinnersteinKaren L. DippoldRobert F. DiubaldoMark A. DoaneFrank A. DoddatoEric DolanTodd J. DoldoBarry S. DolgoffDarlene A. DollardHeather A. Dona

Timothy P. DonaherAlan DonatelliElisia DonesJuan Dones, Sr.Edward DonlonJames F. DonlonKelly J. Donohue BurnsLawrence DonovanMichael R. DoranAlfred DorfmanAlvin DorfmanCecile Mathis DorliaeTricia M. DornWilliam J. DowlingVincent E. Doyle, IIIClotelle DrakefordJoseph S. DressnerJohn R. Drexelius, Jr.Darryl Joseph DreyerWilliam J. DreyerDiane DuBoisDrew R. DuBrinJoshua E. DubsEdward R. Dudley, Jr.John M. DudziakPeter S. DufaultGerard DuffySheila DuganThomas N. DulinKelly DunnJohn R. DunneJeremy DyckmanRobert A. EarlKathryn M. EastmanWilliam T. EastonJames K. EbyLouis A. EckerEllen E. EdwardsEric EdwardsNorman P. EffmanAndrew H. EibelPeter O. EinsetGary Elliot EisenbergLaura E. El-BahtityDavid P. ElkovitchA. Irene ElliottChristopher EllisRichard P. EllmanSteven B. Epstein

Nancy M. EracaHolly A. ErickJoseph A. ErmetiJohn J. EvansTara S. EvansLynn W. L. FaheyPamella M. FaircloughScott P. FalveyFrank S. FalzoneMichael C. FarkasThomas C. Farley, Jr.David C. FarmanBarbara E. FarrellGary FarrellJames T. FarrellJennifer S. FarrellKenneth J. FarrellDavid J. FarrugiaKonstantinos G. FatsisJames L. FeckSara B. FedeleMatthew H. FeinbergMichael A. FeitMary A. FelascoKenneth S. FeraruDavid R. FergusonJohn J. FerliccaNoemi FernandezRaymond P. FernandezJames P. FerrariJames P. FerratellaM. Kreag FerulloScott N. FierroRachel J. FilastoShannon E. FilbertGregory A. FinaAndrew C. FineSanford N. FinkelRobert A. FiordalisoHarvey FishbeinJonathan S. FishbeinLisa M. FisherRobert H. FixJeremiah M. FlahertyEmily FlaszMaureen FlemingLance FletcherChristopher J. FleuryAdrienne Flipse Hausch

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Marcy I. FloresRobert FlunoryGregory B. FlynnDolores G. FogartyPatricia K. FogartyDana J. FogleJonathan S. FollenderSteve FondulisRoman J. FontanaCorey FordCory FormanHarry M. FormanTamara FowlstonDarryl J. FoxRebecca L. FoxKenneth FoyWilliam FrankDonald FrazierJoseph G. FrazierDavid M. FreedmanGary M. FreedmanMonroe H. FreedmanKrista FreegoTammeka FreemanDebrajoy FriedenbergDaniel B. FriedmanIrving FriedmanKim A. FrohlingerArthur R. FrostJerome K. FrostRichard L. FuchsHenry FulmoreMark D. FunkDavid FurickEmily R. FuscoMichael J. GaffeyMichael A. GajdosGeorge W. GalganoEdward GalisonTimothy D. GallagherJames J. Galleshaw, IIIRobert D. GalloMario F. GallucciKimberly GalvinMartin GalvinPauline M. GalvinAvik K. GangulyIsaiah Skip GantDavid A. Garcia

David GarciaEdwin GarciaJulie A. GarciaAlan M. GardnerJoseph D. GardnerRobert I. GardnerJeffrey D. GarfinThomas F. GarnerRonald L. GarnettDevin Benedict GarramoneMichael A. Garzo, Jr.Albert A. GaudelliDaniel M. GaudreauDiane GearyKent J. GebertVincent GelardiAlvin GellerLouis M. GelorminoGiovanni GenoveseTheresa M. GerardiHoward GerberKara GerryBennett L. GershmanRisa GersonPeter GerstenzangDaniel P. GerwigSteven J. GetmanJon P. GetzMario A. GiacobbePaul GianelliJoseph GianniniLeslie Jean GibbinWilliam J. GibbonsWyatt N. GibbonsThomas GiglioJustin D. GinterRodney A. GioveAllegra GlashausserJoshua GlickMelody GloverJames P. GodemannEdward W. GoehlerR. Brian GoeweyJames P. GoingBenjamin D. GoldMajer H. GoldJack G. GoldbergMartin R. GoldbergSteven P. Goldenberg

Stefani GoldinJan D. GoldmanJessica GoldsteinRobert M. GoldsteinJay GollandGeorge R. GoltzerAnthony GonzalezJose Antonio Gonzalez, Jr.Gerald S. GoodJill S. GoodmanJohn J. Goodman, Jr.Clifford GordonShirley A. GormanStacey L. GormanPamela R. GoshmanRobert L. GosperRichard A. GouldRobert A. GouldinJonathan E. GradessRoger S. GradessDaniel P. GrassoJeffrey D. GravelleHeather GrayJeffery L. GrecoAlice P. GreenAnthony GreenPeter W. GreenCharles J. GreenbergHoward GreenbergRichard M. GreenbergStephen C. Greene, Jr.Michael E. GreenspanLee D. GreensteinBenjamin GreenwaldEmma M. GreenwoodRobert GregorJohn C. GrennellKenneth GribetzDaniel M. GriebelJon N. GriffinKevin M. GriffinWilliam P. Griffin, IIINaira GrigoryanPhillip A. Grimaldi, Jr.George GroglioJames E. GrossRobert A. GrossStephen A. GrossmanCharles Grosso

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David L. GruenbergVincent F. GuginoPaquita Y. GuilloryRichard L. GumoDarrell GunnRaghuvijai GunturRichard M. GutierrezDavid E. GutowskiDavid W. GuyLauriano Guzman, Jr.Mark J. Hackett, Jr.Miriam C. HaddenPaul H. HadleyLyle T. HajduRobert B. Hallborg, Jr.Nellie R. HalloranKevin HalpinJohn HalversonJoseph W. HammerEdward R. HammockAaron HandMolly S. HannJohn J. Hannibal, IVTrevor W. HanniganJoseph A. HansheAnthony HardenEric HardingJames P. HardingMichael L. HardingLe’Shera HardyRichard A. HarlemDerek M. HarnsbergerJake HarperWilliam F. Harper, VM. Jerald HarrellIan Michael HarringtonJames P. HarringtonJeffrey M. HarringtonJustine A. HarrisKevin HarrisTony HarrisonRonald Paul HartJames M. HartmannMichael HartofilisTina L. HartwellMarion H. HathawayTim L. HavasRoland W. HayesM. Alan Hays

Andrew J. HealyDaniel J. HebertWarren S. HechtLionel Lee HectorEdward K. HedbergThomas HegemanSteven L. HendersonTimothy J. HennessyDaniel Henry, Jr.Jason C. HenskeeWarren C. HerlandAudrey Rose HermanJulio Hernandez, IIIJames R. Hickey, Jr.Nicholas W. HicksDavid M. HigginsMelvin T. HigginsShannon L. HillierJohn W. HillmanOpal F. HindsJames S. HinmanAndrea G. HirschMarvin HirschLouise HochbergJeffrey A. HoerterJack S. HoffingerAlan S. HoffmanGeorge J. Hoffman, Jr.John HoganJohn Jay HoganJohn M. Hogan, IIIJason D. HogeGustavo HolguinTimothy W. HooverEric HornJeffrey A. HornMichael D. HornSusan R. HornGary A. HortonMark D. HoskenTodd E. HouslangerChristopher H. HoverMichael C. HowardMoses Mark S. HowdenJessica D. HowserYorden HubanSteven L. HubertMatthew C. HugMichael G. Hughes

Matthew P. HughsonElizabeth A. HumeChristopher J. HummelStephen R. HunterPaul V. HurleyPhillip R. HurwitzHeidi A. HusserJulie M. HutchinsSteven J. HymanDavid C. HymenChristopher HynesAnthony Iannarelli, Jr.Frank S. IeraciMitchell E. IgnatoffRuth Ann IhneJoseph IndusiJoseph M. IngarraIan IngerMichael J. InghamJohn IngrassiaRamon IrizarryMichael IsgurChristian Enrique IzaguirreEdward IzykJustin L. JablonskiMichael JaccarinoAmanda JackNahShon JacksonKaren JackubackErik P. JacobsenBarry S. JacobsonElena Jaffe TastensenStephen E. JaffeyR. Joseph JalbertSeymour W. James, Jr.Terry JamisonJohn J. JaniecJoseph T. JarzembekAlbert JavierJamal JbaraAnthony JenningsFrederic JenningsJoseph Joch, Jr.Leona D. JochnowitzBenjamin G. JohnsChristopher G. JohnsonDarryl JohnsonBarbara Johnson LeeHerbert R. Johnston

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Stephen A. JohnstonBarry J. JonesClemon JonesDouglas M. JonesE. Stewart Jones, Jr.Michael A. Jones, Jr.Peter H. JonesRick JonesRochelle M. JonesSamuel K. F. JonesJohn K. JordanPamela JordanVictor JordanKirlyn H. JosephCyrus JoubinPatrick JoyceMark A. JudaPeter T. JulianoMichael D. JurenaCarol KahnIvan KalterBarry KaminsSusan Marie KaralusNigos KaratasDaniel KarlinAndrew C. KarpfMichelle KarshanKathryn M. KaseCheryl L. Kates-BenmanPhilip KatowitzJames S. KatsKostas A. KatsavadakisBrian KaufmanGary M. KaufmanSarah KaufmannJanet K. KealyThomas J. Keane, Jr.Kevin T. KearonPadraic A. KeatingThomas F. KeefeEugene KeelerMichael J. KeenanJennifer J. KehoeMartin J. Kehoe, IIIGary KelderCharles A. Keller, IIIMatthew KellerScott W. KellerAngela Kelley

Barbara J. KelleyJames P. KelleyWilliam J. KelleyBrian E. KellyDavid S. KellyKevin KellyMarshall A. KellyMichael T. KellyRaymond A. Kelly, Jr.Robert E. KellyRobert P. KellySean P. KellyRobert L. KempWill KendallChristian J. KennedyMark F. KennedyMichael KennedyWilliam KenyonWilliam J. KephartJames S. KernanMitchell S. KesslerThomas H. KheelGregory A. KilburnPatrick J. KilkerChristian KilloranLee KindlonTerence L. KindlonDarryl P. KingJoseph H. KingLarwence D. KingRobert KingJohn P. KingsleyJohn D. KinsellaJames S. KirkDenis A. Kitchen, Jr.Bruce KlangBruce D. KleinEdward W. KleinIrwin G. KleinRobert H. KleinScott Harris KleinBernard V. KleinmanBenjamin J. Klemanowicz, Jr.Eric KnappVictor KnappLawrence J. KnickerbockerRobert J. KnightlyWilliam P. KnisleyClaire E. Knittel

Bruce E. KnollMichael L. KobiolkaAdam W. KochGeorge KonstantinidesAdam B. KontaSamantha E. KoolenMichael H. KooshoianPeter M. KooshoianRichard E. KopaczMichael A. KorchakKyle KordichJoshua KormanSvetlana KornfeindVeronica M. KosichLarry R. KossAndrew KossoverJohn L. Kotchick, IIIGregory L. KottmeierSteven X. KourayShaina KovalskyAnthony S. KowalskiJeffrey S. KrajewskiMichael A. KramerRoger KraminitzPeter L. KristalLisa M. KroemerArnold S. KronickJulie KrugerKathleen A. KuglerKaran KukrejaPaul W. KullmanJessica A. KulpitStephen KunkenMichael KuzmaSummer N. LaceyJohn J. LaDucaDavid W. LagasMarcel J. LajoyGeorge E. LaMarche, IIIEugene LambLee Charles LaMendolaMiguel LamponAnthony Joseph LanaM. Joe LandryPhilip J. Landry, IIIElizabeth A. LandwehrFrederick M. LangRichard M. LangoneAnthony M. LaPinta

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Leanne LappCarmelo M. LaquidaraRyan A. LaroseDonna Maria LasherNelson J. LassalleJohn B. LatellaKareem Abdul LatifElizabeth LatimerDouglas LattaDennis B. LaughlinNurys LaureanoArline L. LaurerWilliam T. LaVelleWalter J. LawJames A. LazarusDanielle M. LazoreJanet Claire LeWilliam J. LeahyBenjamin L. Felcher LeavittRobin Gordon LeavittCharles O. LedermanChanwoo LeeJoseph T. LeeSpencer A. LeedsGerald B. LefcourtMichael E. LeffRichard I. LeffBernard LegerosGregory LehmanElliott B. LeibowitzThomas LeithMatthew R. LembkeBruce D. LennardJohn Patrick LennonStephen M. LeonardoJames A. LeoneRosalie C. LeslieSol LesserRichard A. LeszykJudith LevinArnold J. LevineDavid E. LevineDavid I. LevineRichard Ware LevittJustin Agen LevyDavid L. LewisMiles LewisStephen R. LewisShih-Siang Shawn LiaoWanda L. Licitra

Glenn B. LiebertDennis W. LightDean E. Lilac, Jr.Tracy LindauerSin Yen LingRobert W. LinvilleAlan C. LippelJ. David LittleLamont H. LittlejohnJoseph L. LitzAntonia LoBelloJohn M. Lockhart, IIIScott LockwoodHarvey LoebDeborah WolikowLoewenbergThomas W. LokkenCary LondonPaul S. LondonHerbert LongJames E. LongFrank J. LongoRobert D. LonskiJoseph LopiccoloKeith R. LordBrian LorenzoJonathon R. LorgeAndrew C. LoTempioWilliam B. LotzeMark J. LoughranSarah K. LoughranTimothy R. LovalloLinda J. LovellRobert R. LoveridgeRaymond L. LovingMeg J. LowenfeldYang Hao LuGreg D. LubowWendy I. LugerKevin A. LuibrandEvan M. LumleyAmy L. LupianiFrederick C. LutherStephen LydonDavid LynchVincent Macaluso, Jr.Paul D. MacAulayMary Jane MacCraeLauren MackOliver I. Mackson

Brian S. MacNamaraJoanne MacriMark A. MacronJeanette MaderaPaul G. MadisonKaren M. MadsenGlenn W. MagnellChristopher X. MaherStephen R. MahlerMark J. MahoneyDanielle H. MaichleMatthew A. MaielloMitchell B. MaierMichael MainettiElena MakauArthur N. MalkinErin P. MaloneJoan E. MaloneyJudah MaltzRobert J. MancusoKathy ManleyMonroe MannRichard V. ManningRobert J. MarinelliSalvatore J. MarinelloAmelio D. MarinoDavid MarinucciAmy Beth MarionJ. Michael MarionJeffrey E. MarionJeffrey P. MarkelloDaniel MarkewichMichael L. MarleySophie J. MarmorPeter L. MaroulisMichele Marte-IndzonkaKatie A. Martens-HendersonDawn MartinEdward J. MartinShawn P. MartinChristopher MartinezLorenzo MartinezMatthew J. MartinezWilliam F. MartuscelloNicholas MaselliRobert E. MassiDaniel J. MastrellaMichaelangelo MateraJohn G. MateusRobert Mauer

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Baldwin Maull, Jr.Heather MaureKurt MausertBruce MaxsonGeorge R. MayerMichael E. MayerBrad MazarinLouis MazzolaRyan T. McAllisterJ. Gerard McAuliffe, Jr.Maureen McBrideA. Elise McCaffreyJames McCannLucy J. McCarthyMargaret McCarthyMartin P. McCarthy, IIKirtland B.Timothy M. McCluskyColleen McCormack-MaitlandJoseph M. McCoyAthena E. McCroryKristen McDermottMichael P. McDermottSean Robert McDermottWesley E. McDermottJohn C. McDonaldEugene F. McElroyCraig E. McElweeDennis W. McEvoyJames McGahanJoseph McGowanDennis M. McGrathJames McGriffMartin J. McGuinnessChristopher P. McGuireMichael P. McKeatingJohn F. McKeownKevin P. McKernanJohn L. McMahonJeffrey E. McMorrisSean A. McNicholasPeter L. McShaneThomas M. McShaneSteven L. MechanicJames H. MedcrafJoseph MegaleRalph C. MegnaRobert R. MeguinThomas J. Melanson

Jules M. MencherEdward Z. MenkinSusan MenuCleotis MercerMichael J. MercureToni MessinaDaniel L. MeyersCheryl Meyers-ButhPaul M. MichalekP. Scott MichoJoseph M. MidiriTara A. MidlikSarah A. MietzLucas G. MihutaFelice Barry MilaniGary W. MilesRaymond T. Miles, IIISamuel B. MilitelloBryan R. MilksFarrell J. MillerJohn P. MillerJoseph P. MillerLorelei B. Smith MillerRebecca MillerMaryellen MinerSusan C. MinisteroLaura M. MirandaTatiana MirandaMichael J. MirrasMark S. MishlerRobert C. MitchellCharlie MixonChristine MocciaJillian ModzeleskiMichael M. MohunAlyssa N. MokayJoshua J. MoldtJohn J. MolloyLori Robb MonaghanArmando MontanoWilliam Edgar Montgomery,IIIMark A. MontourJanet E. MoonLawrence M. MooreJennifer MorganKirstin MorganReynaldo MorganWalter Morgan

Richard C. MoriartyChristian P. MorrisRichard J. MorrisroeRichard T. MorrisseyJeffery R. MorrowPeter J. Moschetti, Jr.Curtis MosleyKent V. MostonVictor MuiGary MuldoonRyan J. MuldoonJohn B. MulladyPatrick F. MullenLaurette D. MulryMark MultererGeorge D. MunroeDavid A. MuranteDennis R. MurphyFrancis P. MurphyJohn M. Murphy, Jr.Kenneth J. MurphyPhillip J. MurphyThomas J. MurphyTimothy P. MurphyChad E. MurrayTimothy J. MurrayKaren L. MurtaghJames A. MusacchioAngelo MusitanoJessica N. MussellBrooke Quincy MyersGrazina MyersMark A. MyersAaron MysliwiecJohn J. NabingerRobert M. NachamieJessica NaclerioMatthew D. NafusDavid D. NarainErnest Louis NargiEdward F. NarrowCharles B. NashLeroy NatansonEugene B. NathansonMalvina NathansonJ. Henry Neale, Jr.Frank J. Nebush, Jr.Luke A. NebushAnthony M. Neddo

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Karen R. NeedlemanDavid NelsonEric NelsonJohn C. Nelson, IIIDanielle Neroni ReillyRoy NestlerRussell NeufeldElizabeth Nevins-SaundersTerence B. NewcombLawrence A. NewmanThang NguyenAnn M. NicholsJon Allon NicholsJeffrey NickelHeather L. NickolasRobert M. NigroKafahni NkrumahJames NoblesCharles T. NoceJennifer NormanBrian NorthropL. Jeffrey NorwalkJulio NovaEdward J. NowakWilliam NowakLeah R. NowotarskiJohn R. NucherenoTimothy NugentJennifer Rae NunneryLarisa ObolenskyCharles F. O’BrienHenry F. O’BrienJohn M. O’BrienKevin D. O’ConnellPatrick M. O’ConnellDavid OhnmachtMichael O’KellyDaniel J. O’LearyWard J. OliverOhnja OlomonsaPatricia E. O’MalleyThomas J. O’NeillMichael G. O’RourkeManuel OrtegaFrank A. OrtizLuis OrtizPeter A. OrvilleAdetokunbo OseniHenry P. Oswald

Brendan P. OwensAndrew J. PaceNathan D. PaceAlbert P. Pacione, Jr.Michael P. PaddenRichard PadillaMarcos A. Pagan, IIIRamon W. PaganJoseph D. PaganoJoanne PagePeter PanaroJill L. PapernoGerald E. Paradise, IIIJanis A. ParazzelliDaniel S. ParkerLucian C. ParlatoIta ParnassJ. Matthew ParrinelloJohn R. ParrinelloFrank R. PassafiumeAnthony PastelJohn P. PastoreSteven K. PattersonNicholas PatulloKim K. PaulMichael PaulNeil A. PawlowskiBraddock S. PearceRobert PeckChristopher Jude PelliJoseph G. PelychBrittany Lee PenberthyLuis Andrew PenichetJames Patrick PepeGilbert R. PerezPatrick PerfettiDanielle PerkinsJan PerlinEdward P. PerlmanJudith E. PermuttRemy R. PerotRonald PerroLouise PerrottaRichard W. PerryRobert T. PerryRobert S. PerskyAmber PeshkinMark J. PeszkoFrederick J. Petersen, IV

Bruce A. PetitoRenato PetocchiGeorge PhillipsBrian A. PicarelloJohn P. PieriDavid C. PilatoWilliam G. PixleyKathleen PlatzerGlen A. PlotskyAlberto A. PolaSteven M. PolitiAlan PolskyGeri PomerantzArlene R. PopkinAllen S. PopperLawrence Anthony PorcariChristopher PorcoMichael J. PorettaDennis P. PortararoJ. Scott PorterSusan PorterTimothy L. PorterMark L. PotashnickEric G. PoulosTony G. PovedaFrank J. PovoskiHettie V. PowellVerena C. PowellGregory J. PowerJohn T. Powers, Jr.Hannah Rose PrallTerrance PrattJudith PrebleCynthia E. PreiserChristopher A. PrivateerAndrew J. ProlerAndrew J. ProtoJeffrey John ProvenzanoKelley ProvoGeorge E. PughKenneth PuigVictor PulecioPeter J. PullanoAndrew M. PuritzDavid PutlandJohn C. PutneyMichael G. PutzakMatthew P. PynnFrancis D. Quigley, Jr.

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Patrick J. QuinlivanMahmoud RabahRobert R. RaceBryan M. RacinoSally RamageChauncy RamosDavid B. RankinR. Thomas RankinFrederick M. RarickJohn RayMartha RaynerFrank ReadMarilyn S. ReaderMerble ReagonKathleen P. ReardonGeorge W. RedderGeorge E. Reed, Jr.Jeffrey ReedMelissa A. ReeseDanielle RegisZachary ReibsteinStephen ReichAmanda Roberts ReillySusan P. ReineckeKenneth A. ReiverFrederick RenchAndrea Carapella RendoLeonard I. ResslerAnson E. RhodesStephen R. RicciRichard W. Rich, Jr.Jeffrey T. RichardsHomer W. RichardsonLabe M. RichmanGary R. RickEdward J. RinaldiScott F. RiordanDorothy Riordan HughesJames L. Riotto, IIJonathan RippsRobert RiveraFrancis R. RivetteRosemary RivieccioRichard A. RobertsAntonia RobertsonJohn B. RobesonAvrom RobinJames RobinsonTheodore P. Robinson

Rafael RoblesNora B. RobshawOlivier E. RochePhilip J. RocheErick RodriguezWesley A. RoeLeslie A. RoffJulie Atti RogersDavid R. RoggenbaumMario D. RomanoEstelle RoondMichael P. RooneyWalter L. Rooth, IIIIrene K. RopelewskiLouis RoqueLuis RosadoEve S. RosahnLourdes P. RosarioAlan RosenthalAlan RossDonald K. RossMichael Anthony RossiNicholas Michael RossiAlana L. RothWilliam M. RothArnold RothbaumJonathan Lehman RothermelRichard A. RothermelRoger B. RothmanPhilip RothschildLori RouecheMichael J. RoulanBryan RoundsCharles A. RubensteinStephen V. RubeoStuart D. RubinMarc RubyElise L. RuckerFrancis D. Ruddy, Jr.Dana RudikoffJoel B. RudinAnne B. RudmanPaul RuineTim RupertDianne C. RussellRoyce RussellCarmen RussoDaniel A. RussoKaren C. Russo

Wendy Grace RussoBrenna J. RyanJohn F. RyanJuliann RyanSarah RyanThomas W. RyanDavid B. Rynders, Jr.Nicole SabasowitzSaul SabinoJames A. SaccoMark J. SaccoMark SachaEric SachsMichael S. SachsJoseph A. SackAndrew R. SafrankoJessica M. SaksLisa A. SaltzmanSomalia SamuelJohn M. SanchezWilliam A. SandbackSalvatore T. SanfilippoJarrod SanfordJuan SanPedro, Jr.Jeffrey P. SantoroDominic SaracenoAnastasios SarikasPaul Leonard SassJudie A. SaundersHaluk SavciRichard S. ScanlanJohn M. ScanlonLuke ScardignoAngelo F. ScaturroCarol Brafman SchajerDonald L. SchechterSarah C. SchellingerElizabeth SchenckRebecca A. SchenkSolomon J. ScheppsJeffrey V. SchererCharles A. Schiano, Sr.Stephan SchickRussell A. SchindlerCraig P. SchlangerDennis B. SchlenkerCarl Louis SchmidtJoel SchmidtDeborah Schneer

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Sean D. SchoenbornGary SchoerBruce A. SchonbergDavid C. SchoppKurt D. SchraderTania SchragOscar SchreiberLisa SchreibersdorfHelga A. SchroeterDaniel Jason SchullerClaudia S. SchultzVictor SchurrEdna SchwartzLawrence J. SchwartzLouis David SchwartzMichael SchwartzNathan SchwartzmanLawrence M. SchweglerJohn E. SchwenklerRaymond P. SciarrinoDeborah Jean ScintaJoseph J. Scinta, Jr.Nathan M. SemmelDanielle SennettChristine SeppelerMaurice H. SercarzJerry A. SessionSteven D. SesslerLance SessomsRobert D. SeymourRupak R. ShahJahaan ShaheedSimone ShaheenLaurie ShanksThomas F. ShannonElliott C. ShapiroSabina ShapiroGerald L. ShargelRobert SharoffMarc S. ShatkinIrwin ShawRichard R. Shaw, IISteven J. SherlockRichard J. SherwoodTimothy H. ShieldsBrian ShiffrinSteven H. ShiffrinKimberly Ann ShubertMichael J. Shultes

Carol SiegelStephan J. SiegelWillard J. P. Siegel-SawmaJohn S. SiffertStephen M. SignoreWalter P. SignorelliDavid K. SilverbergWarren M. SilvermanJeffrey SilversonCarl J. SilversteinMurray E. SingerAngad SinghNadeen C. SinghJoseph Sinkewicz, Jr.Randy I. SiperPeter C. SipperlyRichard A. SiracusaLisa Serio SiragusaGary R. SkuseDeborah Slack BeanDaniel R. SladeTodd SlavikMatthew R. SmallsSamantha SmallsAlex SmithBenjamin SmithMelvin SmithRaymond F. SmithRobert G. SmithThomas V. SmithTodd M. SmithTrey SmithVelma SmithWayne P. SmithJames G. SnyderKristin M. SnyderJennifer G. SoberJay SolowJanet SomesRobert B. SommersteinTiffany M. SorgenBernard SorrentinoAnselmo SotoJr.Thomas G. SouciaCheryl L. SovernGary SpencerMagdalena Hale SpencerJohn F. SperanzaDavid M. Sperling

Jonna M. SpilborKevin W. SpitlerRichard Cary SpivackScott SpivakThomas M. SplainPhilip St. LouisMichael J. StachowskiKevin M. StadelmaierPatrick G. StaffordThomas J. StahrTucker C. StancliftRichard E. StantonStephanie M. StareShari SteinDavid L. SteinbergRobin G. SteinbergJennifer P. StergionSteven SternbergRussell StetlerD. Daniel StevanovicJacob L. StevensGeoffrey S. StewartLynne F. StewartDouglas P. StillerAndrew B. StollJonathan L. StonbelyAlisa K. StraussJonathan B. StrobleJonis J. StrodsArthur SuchowSamuel J. SugarDonna M. SullivanJenna SupponMichael E. SuttonChristine M. SwatzellDavid H. SwyerLawrence R. SykesSherman SymesChristopher SzczygielKwok SzeRonald J. TabakDavid J. TaffanySteven TaitzTravis C. TalbotSamuel M. TamburoUyen TangMartin H. TankleffWilliam A. TanseyJohn N. Tasolides

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Heather M. TealeWilliam TedfordStanley J. TeichWilliam M. Tendy, Jr.George A. TerezakisJoseph J. TerranovaThomas D. TerrizziPaul TestaverdeMarcea Clark TetamoreMichael TexidorWayne ThatcherAnita ThayerThomas TheophilosBryce TherrienLeslie ThomasMatthew ThomasDonald M. ThompsonChristopher D. ThorpeSusan V. TipographMaria TobiaDavid P. TodaroNatali J. H. ToddHeather A. TomesNelson S. TorreDelrease Tota-NealDavid TougerBrian K. ToweyRebecca TownBruce D. TownsendMari K. TownsendRonald C. TrabuccoNorman TrabulusDonald TracyChristine TramontanoEphie TratarosJames D. TresmondHolly A. TrexlerEmily TrottAlexandra V. TseitlinJacob TuckfeltMathew B. TullyScott B. TulmanLana V. TupchikJohn M. TuppenJohn C. TuriJoseph P. TurnerNatasha M. TurnerDiane Serbalik TuroJohn E. Tyo

Timothy J. TyreeEmeka J. UkasoanyaDenis J. UminskiJason A. UrbaniakAnn UsbornePaul J. Vacca, Jr.Joseph A. VaccarinoRonald C. ValentineAlexandra ValicentiKevin Van AllenMorton Van AllenAndrew Van BurenJames VanDetteRichard C. VanDonselSwathi VardanManuel D. VargasVinoo P. VargheseGordon VasquezNikko A. VaughnCatharine M. VenzonRichard VercolloneChrysanthe VergosYvonne A. VertliebAmy L. VichinskyJason VichinskyJoseph VidalThomas C. VilesSurinder K. VirkPeter C. ViscontiAndre Allen VitaleRichard VladimirJeffrey F. VoelklDanielle M. Von LehmanMario VredenburgJacob A. VredenburghCara A. WaldmanDavid M. WalenskyJeffrey D. WalkerRichard M. WallaceSherry Levin WallachJohn S. WallensteinG. Scott WallingKevin WalshRonald T. WalshRobert A. WaltersTiffany V. WangJohn P. WappettDaniel J. WardPatricia Warth

Andrew WasicekJeffrey S. WassermanKatie D. WassermanEdward H. WassermannCharles WatsonCaren H. WeanPaul N. Weber, Jr.Diane T. WebsterJames K. WeeksCappy WeinerRichard P. Weinheimer, IIJohnathan E. WeinrichDavid B. WeisfuseBarry F. WeissRobert WeissMarsha WeissmanRobert G. WellsJoseph T. WelshZachary T. WentworthDavid A. WerberJohn M. WesleyJohn M. WheldenNathanial WhiteRobert J. White, Jr.Christopher WhitehairJeffrey WicksMichael A. WienerWallace W. WiensJoseph F. WierschemRobert WigginsCharles J. WilcoxChristopher T. WilcoxRandy WilensEdward D. WilfordLenworth WilliamsMark C. WilliamsMark S. WilliamsMatthew WilliamsRandolph WilliamsThomas D. WilliamsChristopher WilsonDavid W. WilsonJerome W. WilsonJames W. WinslowDaniel E. WisniewskiRebecca WittmanPaul W. WolfStacy WolfRichard P. Wolfe

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William J. WolfeJames F. WolffThomas J. WolffGregory L. WoodKimberly A. WoodMark A. WorrellChristopher D. WrightLawrence E. WrightDavid YaegashiFrank E. YannelliEllen YaroshefskyBruce A. YermanChristopher YorkDanielle YoungJudith E. YoungLydia L. YoungMark A. YoungRichard W. YoungmanMax Nicholas Zacker

Angela ZagredaJohn Grant ZajasGregory ZalevskyNeil Martin ZangFrank A. Zarro, Jr.Edward A. Zebulske, IIIJennifer C. ZegarelliCarol ZeldinAndrea ZellanLori ZenoKarla J. ZimmermanRobert W. ZimmermanClark J. Zimmermann, Jr.Frank V. ZinniMichael ZoshMarc A. ZuckermanJoseph D. ZumboJessica Zwicklbauer

Grant FundersBarry Alan Gold Memorial

Advised Fund of theCommunity Foundation forthe Greater Capital Region

Foundation to Promote OpenSociety

New York Bar Foundation

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N Y S D A F o r t y - S e v e n t h A n n u a l R e p o r t | 2 0 1 4 31

Annual Report of DirectorsPursuant to Not-for-Profit Corporation Law 519

Pursuant to Section 519 of the Not-for-Profit Corporation Law, the Board of Directors herewith submits to the membership theCorporation’s most recent certified financial statement.

New York State Defenders Association

194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500

Albany, NY 12210-2314

www.nysda.org

Non-Profit OrganizationU.S. PostagePAID

Albany, NYPermit No. 590