2014 ieee pes t&d conference & exposition chicago, il ... · •two-thirds of grid losses...
TRANSCRIPT
1
Volt/VAR Control as Part of an Integrated Distribution Management System
(Central Control) G. Larry Clark
Principal Engineer – Power Delivery Alabama Power Company, A Southern Company
2014 IEEE PES T&D Conference & Exposition Chicago, IL – April 15, 2014
Panel Session: Technologies for Advanced Volt/VAR Control Implementation
Agenda - Volt VAR Control & IDMS
• Introduction
• Distributed Capacitor Controller
– Controller and Power Quality
– Benefits at discrete line capacitor locations
• Centralized Capacitor Control
– Integrated Distribution Management System
– Benefits of centralized control
• Conclusions
2
The Southern Company
3
Serve 4.4 Million Retail Customers
Generating Capacity : 42,000 MW
120,000 Square Miles
Alabama Power Company
4
• APC serves 1,434,468 Customers
• APC generating Total Nameplate
Capacity: 12,222 megawatts
• Generation (kwh) percentages
• Coal ……………… 59.1 %
• Nuclear ………….. 19.9 %
• Gas and Oil ……… 12.6 %
• Hydro …………….. 8.4 %
• Regulated by The Alabama Public
Service Commission
Alabama Power Company
5
• Over 6,800 Employees
• 10,460 Miles Transmission
• 81,132 Miles Distribution
• 44,500 Sq. Mile Service
Territory
• Six Geographic Divisions
Distributed Capacitor Controller
7
• Independent phase
switching
• Zero-voltage crossing
switching using RTU
programmable logic
• Supports fault detection
• Provides power system
measurements
• Monitors power quality
and reports %THD
• Cost-effective solution for
pole application
Distributed Capacitor Controller
9
Distributed Capacitor Controller
Controller
• Switched on at zero voltage crossing
• Switched off at zero current crossing
• Independent phase operation
• Logic compensates for changes in switch operating time
• Automatic and manual operation
• Remote monitoring and control
10
Distributed Capacitor Controller
11
Distributed Capacitor Controller
Power Quality
• Direct AC inputs facilitates harmonic measurements
• %THD reported per phase in real-time
• Shunt capacitors concentrate harmonic current
• Potential for telephone interference
• Remote switching is short-term solution
12
Distributed Capacitor Controller
Benefits at discrete line capacitor locations
• Reduced line losses
• Improved distribution circuit voltage profile
• Increased distribution circuit capacity
• Independent phase operation
• Power measurements reported in real-time
• Zero crossing switching reduces switching disturbances
13
Centralized Capacitor Control
14
Control line capacitors as a system to achieve improved
system efficiency
Integrated Distribution Management System
facilitates centralized control
Centralized Capacitor Control
Integrated Distribution Management System
• What is IDMS?
– Single platform for mission critical systems
• SCADA / Outage Management / Switching
• Advanced grid applications for distribution
• Why IDMS?
– Improved efficiency, grid performance and demand mgmt
– Improved visibility and operational awareness
– Converts “Big Data” from SCADA and AMI into operational actionable decisions
15
Centralized Capacitor Control
Integrated Distribution Management System
• Smart Operations
– Leverage near real-time advanced applications
– Analytical support of traditional operational tasks
• Advanced tools and applications
– Perform traditional back office tasks
– Manage distribution system efficiency
16
Centralized Capacitor Control
Integrated Distribution Management System
• Smart Operations
– Leverage near real-time advanced applications
– Analytical support of traditional operational tasks
• Advanced tools and applications
– Perform traditional back office tasks
– Manage distribution system efficiency
17
Centralized Capacitor Control
Integrated Distribution Management System
• Two-thirds of grid losses occur in distribution
• Tools are available to manage loss minimization
– Peak conditions
– Valley conditions
• New Smart Grid system dynamics
– Seasonal and Daily basis
– Virtual power plant • Demand response
• Distribution energy producers
18
Centralized Capacitor Control
19
Centralized Capacitor Control
Integrated Distribution Management System
• Volt VAR Optimization CVR plan
– Another Distribution Optimal Power Flow objective
– Manipulate circuit voltage profiles with regulator taps and line capacitors to minimize demand
– Execute automatically without bothering operators
20
Centralized Capacitor Control
21
Auto
Cap
Auto
Cap
Auto
Reg
Fixed
Cap
Line
Monitor
CVR 12.47 kV Primarily Rural Green Circuit
Sub Feeder Regs
Centralized Capacitor Control Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR)
• Two Alabama Power circuits in EPRI’s Green
Circuits collaborative project *
– 34.5 kV primarily urban residential circuit
– 12.47 kV primarily rural residential circuit
• Voltage Optimization Results
22
Quantity 34.5 kV 12.47 kV
Average voltage reduction (%) 3.62 2.81
Energy reduction (%) 2.71 2.47
CVR factor 0.75 0.88
* R. C. Belvin, J. Green, T. Reed, and T. Short, “Voltage Optimization More Than Pays for Itself,” Transmission & Distribution World, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 50-53, August 2010.
Centralized Capacitor Control
Benefits of centralized control
• Reduced system losses
• Improved system voltage profile
• Increased system capacity
• Extended system facility life
• Reduced O&M expenditures
• Optimized Capital expenditures
23
Conclusions
• Smart Distribution requires improved techniques and applications for Smart Operations
• IDMS is the facilitating application
• Engineering solutions are implemented to achieve improved system efficiency
• Centralized capacitor control is facilitated
• The efficiency is improved for energy delivery
24
25
Volt/VAR Control as Part of an Integrated Distribution Management System
(Central Control) G. Larry Clark
Alabama Power Company, A Southern Company [email protected]
Tel 205.257.4230
2014 IEEE PES T&D Conference & Exposition Chicago, IL – April 15, 2014
Panel Session: Technologies for Advanced Volt/VAR Control Implementation
Questions