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2014 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 2
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Bacardi U.S.A., Inc.
Beam Suntory Inc.
Brown-Forman
Constellation Brands, Inc.
DIAGEO
Edrington
Hood River Distillers, Inc.
Pernod Ricard USA
NATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD
The Honorable Thurbert E. Baker Partner, McKenna, Long & Aldridge LLP Former Georgia Attorney General
Steven Casstevens Chief of Police, Buffalo Grove, Illinois 4th Vice President of the IACP
Charles G. Curie Prinicipal, The Curie Group, LLC
The Honorable Michael R. Fields Judge, Harris County Criminal Court #14
Jeannette Kaplun Chief Executive Officer, Hispana Global TV host and author
Deborah Gilboa, M.D. Clinical Associate Professor at University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Leading Parenting Expert
Lisa Graham Keegan Prinicipal, Keegan Company Former Superintendent of Public Instruction State of Arizona
Robert L. King, J.D. President, Kentucky Council on Postsecondary Education
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Overview
The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility
is a national, independent, not-for-profit organization
funded by the nation’s leading distillers. Founded in 1991,
Responsibility.org offers proven strategies to stop impaired
driving. Building upon a longstanding history of corporate
social responsibility and the philosophy that collective actions
have a greater impact than individual efforts, our funders,
Bacardi U.S.A., Inc.; Beam Suntory Inc.; Brown-Forman;
Constellation Brands, Inc.; DIAGEO; Edrington; Hood River
Distillers, Inc.; and Pernod Ricard USA, have demonstrated
their support for Responsibiility.org’s mission for 25 years
by investing in the development and implementation of
innovative programs, award winning public awareness
campaigns and groundbreaking research. An independent
Advisory Board of distinguished leaders in business,
government, education, medicine and other relevant
disciplines assists us in these efforts.
Since Responsibility.org’s inception, drunk driving fatalities
have reached record low levels. Alcohol-impaired driving
fatalities have been cut by more than one third, down 37%
since 1991, while total driving fatalities have declined at a
slower rate, decreasing 21%. Among our nation’s youth,
the decline in drunk driving fatalities among those under
21 has been even more significant, decreasing 64% since
Responsibility.org’s formation. While we cannot claim sole
responsibility for these reductions, the Foundation for
Advancing Alcohol Responsibility has played a significant role
in helping to reach these historic low levels of drunk driving
fatalities.
Since Responsibility.org initially brought national attention to
the problem of the hardcore drunk driver, the proportion of
DUI arrests among repeat offenders has declined 19% from
approximately one-third to 25%. However, these hardcore
drunk drivers continue to wreak havoc on our nation’s roads.
The average BAC among drunk drivers in fatal crashes is .16,
double the legal limit in all 50 states and D.C. In 2014, 72% of
drunk driving fatalities, where there is a known alcohol-test
result for the driver, involved a high BAC driver – a trend that
has remained relatively unchanged for nearly two decades.
Furthermore, these high BAC drivers were seven times more
likely to have a prior driving while intoxicated (DWI) conviction
in the past three years alone.
Clearly we still have more work to do. Responsibility.org’s
commitment to bring evidence-based and innovative
programs to the forefront is undeniable. FAAR’s ongoing
support of the Computerized Assessment and Referral
System (CARS), a standardized mental health assessment tool
that effectively screens for alcohol and drug use disorders
as well as underlying psychiatric disorders, will enable
targeted interventions to address comorbid mental health
issues among DUI offenders. Responsibility.org has also
brought together ten traffic safety and health organizations
committed to spreading the word that together we can
end impaired driving. The cornerstone of this initiative is a
PSA #EndImpairedDriving that focuses on the four “D”s of
impaired driving – drunk, drugged, distracted and drowsy –
and reminds everyone that any form of impaired driving is
dangerous and preventable.
The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility remains
committed to working alongside all sectors of the community
in this important fight to advance policies and programs
to help eliminate drunk driving and underage drinking.
Therefore, I trust this information will serve as a useful
resource to those committed to this effort.
Ralph S. Blackman President & CEO Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility 2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 710 Arlington, Virginia 22202 Phone 202-637-0077
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Alcohol-Impaired FatalityDrivers in all 50 states and D.C. are considered to be
alcohol-impaired if their blood alcohol concentration
(BAC) is .08 grams per deciliter (g/dL) or higher. Any
fatality occurring in a crash involving at least one driver,
or motorcycle operator, with a BAC of .08 or higher is
considered to be an alcohol-impaired driving, or drunk
driving, fatality. The term alcohol-impaired does not
indicate that a crash or a fatality was the result of alcohol
impairment. In producing national and state alcohol-
impaired statistics, the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA) estimates the extent of alcohol
involvement when alcohol test results are unknown.
Alcohol-Involved FatalityAlcohol-involved fatalities are those where at least one
driver, or motorcycle operator, has a positive BAC of
.01 or higher. In producing national and state alcohol-
involved statistics, NHTSA estimates the extent of alcohol
involvement when alcohol test results are unknown.
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)BAC is measured in grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of
blood. A BAC of .01 indicates .01 grams of alcohol per 100
milliliters of blood. As of July 2004, all 50 states and D.C.
have passed legislation establishing a driver with a BAC
of .08 to be legally intoxicated. Additionally, 48 states and
D.C. have laws that increase penalties for those convicted of
driving with elevated or “high” BAC levels.
Hardcore Drunk DriversHardcore drunk drivers, those who drive with a high BAC of
.15 or above, do so repeatedly, as demonstrated by having
more than one drunk driving arrest, and are highly resistant
to changing their behavior despite previous sanctions,
treatment or education efforts.
Rates per 100,000 PopulationThe rate of alcohol-impaired fatalities per 100,000
population is the number of alcohol-impaired fatalities for
every 100,000 persons in the population being measured.
For example, an alcohol-impaired fatality rate of 3.1 per
100,000 population nationally means that for every 100,000
people in the nation, there were approximately three
alcohol-impaired fatalities.
Repeat OffendersThe NHTSA/FARS data records prior driving records
(convictions only, not violations) for driving while intoxicated
events occurring within three years of the date of the crash.
The same driver can have one or more of these convictions
during this three year period. Drivers who have a prior
conviction in this three year period are reported as repeat
offenders.
Terminology
No Alcohol .01-.02 .03-.04 .05-.06 .07-.08 .09-.10 .11-.12 .13-.14 .15-.16 .17-.18 .19+
60%
2% 2% 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 3% 3%
15%
65%
BAC .15+
24%BAC .08-.14
16%BAC .01-.07
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2014 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 3
Percent of 2014 Driving Fatalities by BAC Test Result
In 2014, drunk driving accounted for 31% of all traffic fatalities. Six out of ten alcohol-involved fatal crashes involved high BAC drivers.
DRIVERS IN ALCOHOL-INVOLVED DRIVING FATALITIES
KNOWN ALCOHOL TEST RESULTS OF DRIVERS INVOLVED IN FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES
Source: NHTSA, FARS ARF of Drivers with Known BAC, 12/15Total may not equal the sum of categories due to rounding.
Responsibility.orgLearn more at 2014 State of Drunk Driving Fatalities in America | 4
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 12/15Total may not equal sum of the states due to rounding.
AlabamaAlaska
ArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColorado
ConnecticutDelaware
D.C.Florida
GeorgiaHawaii
IdahoIllinois
IndianaIowa
KansasKentuckyLouisiana
MaineMaryland
MassachusettsMichigan
MinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontana
NebraskaNevada
New HampshireNew JerseyNew Mexico
New YorkNorth Carolina
North DakotaOhio
OklahomaOregon
PennsylvaniaRhode Island
South CarolinaSouth Dakota
TennesseeTexasUtah
VermontVirginia
WashingtonWest Virginia
WisconsinWyoming
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500
26422
199135
16097
495
685278
3253
317205
93103
171253
44130133
215106
178204
7360
9330
163116
317378
55310
154100
34518
27946
267
569
214134
84166
48
1,446
882
US TOTAL 9,967
Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatality Data 2014
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Source: NHTSA, FARS, 12/15Total may not equal sum of the states due to rounding.
AlabamaAlaska
ArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColorado
ConnecticutDelaware
D.C.Florida
GeorgiaHawaii
IdahoIllinois
IndianaIowa
KansasKentuckyLouisiana
MaineMaryland
MassachusettsMichigan
MinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontana
NebraskaNevada
New HampshireNew JerseyNew Mexico
New YorkNorth Carolina
North DakotaOhio
OklahomaOregon
PennsylvaniaRhode Island
South CarolinaSouth Dakota
TennesseeTexasUtah
VermontVirginia
WashingtonWest Virginia
WisconsinWyoming
0 50 100 150 175 200
271
1814
268
41
5724
48
2414
912
2523
39
1226
925
1956
163
1915
3638
824
2011
231
265
18
130
2812
915
4
193
108
US TOTAL 1,052
Under 21 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatality Data 2014
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Source: NHTSA, FARS, 12/15
From 2013-2014, alcohol impaired driving fatalities declined nationally and in 26 states and D.C.
WyomingUtah
AlaskaDelaware
New MexicoNevada
OhioColorado
South DakotaMinnesotaArkansas
New JerseyMaineTexas
LouisianaKansas
MassachusettsIndiana
KentuckyFlorida
NebraskaNorth Carolina
AlabamaCalifornia
OregonMaryland
PennsylvaniaTennessee
IllinoisWisconsin
HawaiiGeorgia
West VirginiaIowa
OklahomaIdaho
North DakotaArizona
WashingtonMichiganNew York
MississippiMissouri
South CarolinaVirginia
MontanaConnecticut
D.C.Rhode Island
New HampshireVermontUS Total
-40%-60% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
96.0%48.6%37.5%29.7%19.6%16.3%15.7%15.1%15.0%12.8%10.7%10.1%10.0%
8.4%7.2%6.2%4.7%3.5%2.4%1.9%1.7%1.6%1.1%0.0%
-2.9%-3.7%-4.4%-5.0%-5.4%-5.7%-5.9%-7.0%-7.7%-7.9%-8.3%-8.6%-9.7%-10.0%-11.3%-13.7%-14.6%-14.9%-17.5%-17.9%-18.3%-21.5%-23.8%-28.6%-29.2%-33.3%-52.6%-1.4%
Percent Change in Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities from 2013 to 2014
-100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
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Source: NHTSA, FARS, 1/15
Alcohol-impaired driving fatalities among those under 21 declined nationally and in 25 states between 2013 and 2014.
South DakotaUtah
New JerseyD.C.
North DakotaKentucky
NevadaIdaho
VirginiaWisconsin
New MexicoWest Virginia
OregonFlorida
AlabamaColorado
TennesseeTexas
OklahomaLouisianaCalifornia
KansasMaryland
MinnesotaNew Hampshire
WyomingMichigan
MassachusettsOhio
New YorkMississippi
North CarolinaArkansasNebraska
IowaDelaware
PennsylvaniaArizonaGeorgia
MaineIndiana
South CarolinaIllinois
MontanaHawaii
WashingtonMissouri
Rhode IslandConnecticut
AlaskaVermontUS Total
-100% -50% 0% 100% 200% 300% 400%
400.0%225.0%111.1%100.0%100.0%
78.6%77.8%60.0%55.6%50.0%36.4%28.6%22.2%21.3%17.4%13.0%12.5%11.6%
5.3%4.5%0.9%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
-7.1%-7.7%-7.7%-10.0%-10.7%-11.6%-12.5%-14.3%-18.2%-20.0%-23.3%-25.0%-25.0%-25.0%-26.3%-29.7%-36.8%-37.5%-42.9%-45.5%-50.0%-50.0%-57.9%-66.7%-100.0%-1.3%
Under 21 Percent Change in Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities from 2013 to 2014
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
2014
20141982
19831984
19851986
19871988
19891990
19911992
19931994
19951996
19971998
19992000
20012002
20032004
20052006
20072008
20092010
20112012
2013
9,967
13,581
15,827
21,11322,000
20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
T R E N D S
53%SINCE 1982
37%SINCE 1991
27%SINCE 2005
T R E N D S
66%SINCE 1982
51%SINCE 1991
32%SINCE 2005
3.1
4.6
6.3
9.1
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Top Chart - Source: NHTSA/FARS, 12/15Bottom Chart - Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/15
TOTAL ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES
RATE OF TOTAL ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES PER 100,000 POPULATION
Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities 1982-2014
Drunk driving fatalities have declined 53% from 1982 to 2014.
Drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population decreased 66% since 1982.
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
2014
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
2014
1,052
2,008
2,905
5,2156,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
T R E N D S
80%SINCE 1982
64%SINCE 1991
48%SINCE 2005
T R E N D S
83%SINCE 1982
68%SINCE 1991
49%SINCE 2005
1.2
2.3
3.8
6.9
UNDER 21 ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES
RATE OF UNDER 21 ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING FATALITIES PER 100,000 POPULATION
Drunk driving fatalities among those under 21 have declined 80% from 1982 to 2014.
Among those under 21 drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population decreased 83% since 1982.
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Top Chart - Source: NHTSA/FARS, 12/15Bottom Chart - Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/15
Under 21 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities 1982-2014
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Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/15
In 26 states and D.C., alcohol-impaired driving fatalities per 100,000 population were at or below the national average of 3.1 deaths per 100,000 population.
Alabama 5.5Alaska 3.1Arizona 3.0Arkansas 4.6California 2.3Colorado 3.0Connecticut 2.7Delaware 5.3D.C. 0.8Florida 3.5Georgia 2.8Hawaii 2.3Idaho 3.3Illinois 2.5Indiana 3.1Iowa 3.0Kansas 3.6
Kentucky 3.9Louisiana 5.5Maine 3.3Maryland 2.2Massachusetts 2.0Michigan 2.2Minnesota 1.9Mississippi 6.0Missouri 3.4Montana 7.2Nebraska 3.2Nevada 3.3New Hampshire 2.3New Jersey 1.8New Mexico 5.6New York 1.6North Carolina 3.8North Dakota 7.5
Ohio 2.7Oklahoma 4.0Oregon 2.5Pennsylvania 2.7Rhode Island 1.7South Carolina 5.8South Dakota 5.4Tennessee 4.1Texas 5.4Utah 1.9Vermont 1.4Virginia 2.6Washington 1.9West Virginia 4.5Wisconsin 2.9Wyoming 8.3US Total 3.1
Fatality Rate 0.0-2.0 2.1-4.0 4.1-6.0 6.1-8.0 8.1+
2014 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities Per 100,000 Population by State
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Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/15
In 28 states and D.C., under 21 alcohol-impaired driving fatalities per 100,000 population were at or below the national average of 1.2 deaths per 100,000 population.
Alabama 2.1Alaska 0.5Arizona 0.9Arkansas 1.7California 1.0Colorado 1.8Connecticut 0.9Delaware 1.7D.C. 0.7Florida 1.2Georgia 0.8Hawaii 1.1Idaho 1.6Illinois 0.7Indiana 0.8Iowa 1.0Kansas 1.4
Kentucky 2.1Louisiana 1.8Maine 1.0Maryland 0.6Massachusetts 0.7Michigan 1.0Minnesota 0.6Mississippi 2.9Missouri 1.2Montana 1.9Nebraska 1.1Nevada 2.1New Hampshire 0.9New Jersey 0.8New Mexico 2.6New York 0.7North Carolina 1.4North Dakota 3.9
Ohio 0.8Oklahoma 1.8Oregon 1.1Pennsylvania 0.7Rhode Island 0.4South Carolina 2.0South Dakota 2.0Tennessee 1.0Texas 2.3Utah 1.3Vermont 0.0Virginia 1.3Washington 0.6West Virginia 2.0Wisconsin 1.0Wyoming 2.5US Total 1.2
Fatality Rate .00-1.0 1.1-2.0 2.1-3.0 3.1+
2014 Under 21 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities Per 100,000 Population by State
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Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/15
D.C.VermontMissouriArizona
WisconsinWashingtonMississippi
New HampshireHawaiiFlorida
Rhode IslandIdaho
South CarolinaGeorgiaNevada
South DakotaOklahomaMinnesota
MontanaCalifornia
PennsylvaniaTennessee
KentuckyAlabamaMichiganColorado
IllinoisArkansas
AlaskaVirginia
New MexicoLouisiana
OregonMarylandNew York
West VirginiaNebraska
IndianaWyoming
North CarolinaOhio
New JerseyMassachusetts
DelawareMaineTexasIowa
ConnecticutKansas
North DakotaUtah
US Total
-60%-80% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60%
-76.6%-69.1%-53.4%-52.9%-50.5%-49.5%-46.2%-45.2%-45.0%-44.5%-44.3%-44.0%-43.3%-41.4%-41.2%-40.1%-39.0%-38.9%-38.0%-36.4%-36.3%-35.4%-34.5%-33.4%-33.0%-31.9%-31.4%-29.7%-29.6%-29.3%-27.7%-26.3%-26.0%-26.0%-25.5%-25.1%-24.0%-23.6%-22.2%-22.1%-22.1%-21.7%-14.8%-13.2%-12.7%-6.4%-5.5%-3.5%-2.7%
-31.5%
3.6%43.9%
Between 2005 and 2014 only two states did not experience a decline in drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population.
Percent Change in Drunk Driving Fatality Rates from 2005 to 2014 by State Rank
-100 0 100 200 300 400 500
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Over the past decade under 21 drunk driving fatalities per 100,000 population declined nationally and in 46 states and D.C. from 2005 to 2014.
Source: NHTSA, FARS and U.S. Census Bureau, 12/15
VermontAlaska
Rhode IslandMissouriArizona
WashingtonMaine
D.C.FloridaIllinois
MarylandNew Hampshire
WisconsinPennsylvaniaSouth Dakota
IdahoGeorgiaIndiana
South CarolinaMassachusetts
TennesseeConnecticut
WyomingMinnesota
MichiganNebraska
MississippiMontana
IowaDelawareCaliforniaNew York
West VirginiaLouisiana
New MexicoArkansas
OhioOregon
OklahomaAlabama
North CarolinaTexas
ColoradoVirginia
New JerseyNevada
KentuckyKansasHawaii
North DakotaUtah
US Total
-100% 0% 100% 200% 300% 400% 500%
-100.0%-83.6%-81.4%-74.0%-71.8%-70.8%-67.4%-67.2%-67.1%-64.1%-63.6%-63.6%-62.9%-61.5%-61.1%-59.8%-59.8%-59.4%-58.0%-57.7%-57.4%-56.2%-55.2%-53.2%-52.5%-52.1%-51.6%-51.4%-51.0%-50.7%-46.8%-46.2%-45.7%-44.4%-41.5%-41.2%-39.9%-39.9%-37.5%-37.4%-36.5%-28.0%-27.6%-27.2%-24.3%-14.5%-2.4%
-47.9%
29.3%30.3%42.0%
464.2%
Percent Change in Under 21 Drunk Driving Fatality Rates from 2005 to 2014 by State Rank
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Source: NHTSA, FARS ARF of Drivers with Known BAC, 12/15
AlabamaAlaska
ArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColorado
ConnecticutDelaware
D.C.Florida
GeorgiaHawaii
IdahoIllinois
IndianaIowa
KansasKentuckyLouisiana
MaineMaryland
MassachusettsMichigan
MinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontana
NebraskaNevada
New HampshireNew JerseyNew Mexico
New YorkNorth Carolina
North DakotaOhio
OklahomaOregon
PennsylvaniaRhode Island
South CarolinaSouth Dakota
TennesseeTexasUtah
VermontVirginia
WashingtonWest Virginia
WisconsinWyomingUS Total
0% 20% 40%
% BAC=.08-.14
% BAC=.15-.19
% BAC=.20+
60% 80% 100%
Percent of Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities by BAC
2014 Fatal Drunk Driving Crashes Among Drivers with a Known BAC
7 out of 10 drivers involved in fatal drunk driving crashes were hardcore drunk drivers.
94%No Prior DWI*
2% Prior DWI*
3% Unknown
42% BAC of .15+
13 % BAC of .08-.14
4% BAC of .05-.07
3% BAC of .01-.04
39 % BAC of .00
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DRIVERS INVOVLED IN FATAL CRASH
REPEAT OFFENDERS BY BAC LEVEL
Source: NHTSA, FARS, 12/15* Prior convictions only for events occurring within 3 years from date of crash. Total may not equal sum of categories due to rounding.
Four out of ten drivers involved in a fatal crash with a prior DWI* also had a high BAC at the time of the crash.
Repeat Offenders Involvement in Fatal Crashes
42%
48%
53%
43%
36%
20%
7%
9%
56%
71%
41%
30%
7%
10%
50%
60%
40%
35%
8%
8%
52%
57%
35%
26%
7%
8%
58%
65%
34%
26%
5%
4%
61%
70%
3%
4%
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Source: NHTSA, FARS, 12/15The number of whole days in the holiday period depends on the day on which the legal holiday falls. Typically, the period is 6 p.m. the night before until 5:59 a.m. the day after the holiday. Total may not equal sum of categories due to rounding.
Drunk driving fatalities accounted for 38% of traffic fatalities during the 2014 holidays and drivers with a high BAC were involved in 69% of drunk driving fatalities.
BAC Level .00 .01-.07 .08+
Total
Under 21
New Year’s Day
BAC .15+ = 74%
BAC .15+ = 80%
BAC .15+ =72%
BAC .15+ = 44%
BAC .15+ = 69%
BAC .15+ = 58%
BAC .15+ = 69%
BAC .15+ = 41%
BAC .15+ = 66%
BAC .15+ = 56%
BAC .15+ = 66%
BAC .15+ = 64%
Memorial Day
Fourth of July
Labor Day
Thanksgiving
Christmas
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Total
Under 21
Holiday Traffic Fatalities by BAC Level
The information presented in this report is drawn from several databases maintained by government agencies, including the National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) of NHTSA, which compiles crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), and the U.S. Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce. This report reflects data from 1982 to the present utilizing NHTSA’s multiple imputation method for estimating missing information about BAC levels for persons involved in fatal crashes, thus allowing for improved reporting of alcohol involvement statistics at any BAC level. The U.S. Census Bureau publishes state resident population estimates which were used in this report.
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