2015 focus: 2015 focus: -feudalism is a form of government that started in the middle ages....
TRANSCRIPT
• 2015 Focus:2015 Focus:-Feudalism is a form of government that -Feudalism is a form of government that started in the middle ages. started in the middle ages.
-Feudalism only occurs when there is a weak -Feudalism only occurs when there is a weak central government because the king ends up central government because the king ends up giving away some of his landgiving away some of his land
• Do Now:Do Now:– Why was the Early Middle Ages known as
the Dark Ages?
The Middle Ages The Middle Ages
FeudalismFeudalism
Manor SystemManor System
Medieval SocietyMedieval Society• Kings and Queens
• Rulers
• Nobility • Lords and Knights • Controlled the land
• Clergy • Church officials
• Peasants • Majority of the
population • Worked the land and
served the nobles
Feudalism Feudalism • Political and social system based on
the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services
Feudalism Feudalism • Developed
as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe
• Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands
Feudalism Feudalism
• Lords divided their lands into estates called fiefs
• Fiefs (land) given to vassals – A person granted
land in return for loyalty or military service
• All nobles were vassals to the king
Feudalism Feudalism • Knights –Mounted warriors
who protected lord’s lands
– Given land for their services
– Chivalry • Code of ethics
followed by knights • Honesty, fairness in
battle, loyal, proper treatment of women
•
Feudal ObligationsFeudal Obligations
• Provide military service• Remain loyal and
faithful • Give money on special
occasions
• Give Land• Protect from attack • Resolve disputes
between knights
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Constructing the Pyramid Constructing the Pyramid Feudal PowerFeudal Power
SERFS AND FREEMEN
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Constructing the Pyramid of Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal PowerFeudal Power
LESSER NOBLES(KNIGHTS)
LABOR PROTECTION
SERFS AND FREEMEN
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Constructing the Pyramid of Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal PowerFeudal Power
LESSER NOBLES(KNIGHTS)
LABOR PROTECTION
POWERFULNOBLES
SERFS AND FREEMEN
LAND ANDPROTECTION
LOYALTY ANDMILITARY SERVICE
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Constructing the Pyramid of Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal PowerFeudal Power
LESSER NOBLES(KNIGHTS)
LABOR PROTECTION
POWERFULNOBLES
KING
SERFS AND FREEMEN
LAND ANDPROTECTION
LANDLOYALTY ANDSERVICE
LOYALTY ANDMILITARY SERVICE
ClosureClosure
• Explain why feudalism developed in western Europe.
• What was a knight’s obligation to the lord?
• What was the lord’s obligation to the knight?
Manorial SystemManorial System
• An economic system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors
• Included a village and the land surrounding it
Manorial SystemManorial System
• Manors were self sufficient – Most things needed for daily life were produced
on the manor
•
Manorial SystemManorial System• Serfs– Peasants who lived and
worked on the lord’s manor
– Were not allowed to leave the manor or marry without the lord’s permission
– Were allowed to farm on the manor in return for work
• Lords were required to protect the serfs
Manorial SystemManorial System
• The life of a serf was harsh –Worked long hours– few lived past 35
years old– Based on heredity• You were a serf if you
parents were
Manorial SystemManorial System• The Harshness of Manor Life
– Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to priest• Tithe—a church tax—is equal
to one-tenth of a peasant’s income
– Serfs live in crowded cottages with dirt floors, straw for beds
– Worked long hours• raising crops, livestock;
feeding and clothing family– Poor diet, illness, malnutrition
make life expectancy 35 years– Serfs generally accept their
lives as part of God’s plan
Manorial SystemManorial System
• Freemen – skilled workers
who paid rent to nobles and could leave the manor • Ex. Blacksmith and
millers
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Manorial SystemManorial System
1) Everyone owed loyalty to the ________2) Nobles were near the top of the social
hierarchy . They got _______ from the king.3) Lesser nobles (knights) gave _________
_________ in return for land4) _______ were bound to the land. They worked
in return for ____________.5) __________ were skilled workers. They paid
rent to the ______ and were free to move if they wanted to.
Let’s see how much you remember!
Check Your Check Your AnswersAnswers
1) Everyone owed loyalty to the king.2) Nobles were near the top of the social
hierarchy. They got land from the king.
3) Lesser nobles (knights) gave military service in return for land.
4) Serfs were bound to the land. They worked in return for protection.
5) Freemen were skilled workers. They paid rent to the nobles and were free to move if they wanted to.
ClosureClosure
• What was the Manorial System • How were manors self sufficient? • Explain why feudalism developed in
western Europe.