20150909_benefits of c-ran and adoption trends

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Benefits of C-RAN and adoption trends Monica Paolini, Senza Fili 9 September, 2015

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Benefits of C-RAN and adoption trends

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Page 1: 20150909_Benefits of C-RAN and Adoption Trends

Benefits of C-RAN and adoption trends Monica Paolini, Senza Fili

9 September, 2015

Page 2: 20150909_Benefits of C-RAN and Adoption Trends

| 2 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

Agenda

September 9, 2015

Dr. Chih-Lin I, Chief Scientist of Wireless Technologies, China Mobile Research Institute

Gael Derven, VP partnership & Business Development, E-Blink

Eran Bello, VP Products and Marketing, ASOCS

Panel discussion and Q&A

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| 3 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

C-RAN survey results

September 9, 2015

Cost savings are major motivation for C-RAN adoption But yet difficult to assess cost savings in the long term

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| 4 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

C-RAN survey results

September 9, 2015

Asia is the fastest moving market for C-RAN, followed by North America

Page 5: 20150909_Benefits of C-RAN and Adoption Trends

| 5 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

C-RAN survey results

September 9, 2015

C-RAN and small cells strengthen each other value proposition

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| 6 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

C-RAN survey results

September 9, 2015

Fiber availability is still perceived as the major obstacle to C-RAN adoption

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September 9, 2015

Senza Fili provides advisory support on wireless data technologies and services. At Senza Fili we have in depth expertise in financial modelling, market forecasts and research, white paper preparation, business plan support, RFP preparation and management, due diligence, and training. Our client base is international and spans the entire value chain: clients include wireline, fixed wireless, and mobile operators, enterprises and other vertical players, vendors, system integrators, investors, regulators, and industry associations. We provide a bridge between technologies and services, helping our clients assess established and emerging technologies, leverage these technologies to support new or existing services, and build solid, profitable business models. Independent advice, a strong quantitative orientation, and an international perspective are the hallmarks of our work. For additional information, visit www.senzafiliconsulting.com, or contact us at [email protected] or +1 425 657 4991.

Monica Paolini, PhD, is the founder and president of Senza Fili. She is an expert in wireless technologies and has helped clients worldwide to understand technology and customer requirements, evaluate business plan opportunities, market their services and products, and estimate the market size and revenue opportunity of new and established wireless technologies. She has frequently been invited to give presentations at conferences and has written several reports and articles on wireless broadband technologies. She has a PhD in cognitive science from the University of California, San Diego (US), an MBA from the University of Oxford (UK), and a BA/MA in philosophy from the University of Bologna (Italy). You can contact Monica at [email protected].

Page 8: 20150909_Benefits of C-RAN and Adoption Trends

September 9, 2015

Monica Paolini Senza Fili www.senzafiliconsulting.com [email protected]

See you in Cologne at RAN World, 29-30 September 2015 www.ranworldevent.com

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| 9 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

Recent Progress in C-RAN

Dr. Chih-Lin I Chief Scientist, Wireless Technologies

China Mobile Research Institute

C-RAN Webinar, September 9, 2015

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| 10 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 10

C-RAN per CMCC White Paper in 2009

RRU

RRU

RRU

RRU

RRU

RRU

RRU

Virtual BS Pool

Distributed RRU

High bandwidth optical transport network

Real-time Cloud for centralized processing

Centralized Control and/or Processing Centralized processing resource pool that

can support 10~1000 cells

Collaborative Radio Multi-cell Joint scheduling and processing

Real-Time Cloud (Virtualization) Target to Open IT platform

Consolidate the processing resource into a

Cloud

Flexible multi-standard operation and

migration

Clean System Target Less power consuming

Lower OPEX

Fast system roll-out

Q1 2012: Revolutionary Evolution of RAN; Essential Element of 5G!

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| 11 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 11

Beijing

TD-LTE C-RAN Trials & Deployment

(2013~ now)

Fuzhou • First WDM field trial • 2nd stage finished with 17 sites centralization with passive WDM solution • 22% CAPEX saving, consistent with Qingdao Case • Subsequent C-RAN deployment in TD-L

deployment

Qingdao

World-first WDM outdoor version 7 sites, 2-antenna RRUs

Verification of C-RAN UL CoMP with

cell-edge data rate improved by 50 – 300%

20% saving of CAPEX in overall

Hefei

Qingdao

Fuzhou

Beijing

HetNet

15 sites in 4 super cell

Data rate improved by 50%

Hefei

CPRI over OTN in an area of 1.9km^2

20 sites centralization at 1st stage

more than 100 sites on 2nd stage

Our C-RAN networks span across more than 12

provinces and cities, including 2G, 3G since 2010 and 4G

since 2012

In one city, the ongoing TD-LTE deployment, involving

more than 1000 sites, is mainly adopting C-RAN

Chengdu Guangz

hou

C-RAN trial and deployment in CMCC Key findings:

C-RAN greatly speeds up the network deployment and

saves the TCO

FH solutions are mature and diverse for different

scenarios

C-RAN greatly helps the system performance

improvement

Winner of Best Overall RAN Initiative (Trial) of RANNY Awards

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| 12 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 12

Other Commercial C-RAN deployments

PR:DOCOMO Verifies Advanced C-RAN in outdoor environment…

KT

• C-RAN commercialization in

2011

• Around 12 central offices in

Seoul with each supporting

1000 FDD LTE and 1200~7200 WCDMA carriers

SKT

• C-RAN commercial deployment

since 2011

• Similar centralization scale to KT

• L2/L3 processing on x86 platform

• one server to support 144 carriers

Softbank

• In China, CU and CT has started C-RAN deployment extensively since 2014;

• DoCoMo has just successfully completed an outdoor-commercial-

environment verification of its Advanced C-RAN, achieving a 240Mbps

downlink using 35MHz bandwidth in February 2015

• C-RAN has also been tested or deployed in Europe and North America, e.g.

Orange, Verizon etc. Source: KT, SKT, DOCOMO

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| 13 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 13

• End2end system: from EPC, baseband, radio to UE

• Front-end: CPRI termination

• Linux: special optimization to improve real-time performance

• Commercial EPC, UE

• Integrated with SmarTile

• BS configuration & management modules

• 20MHz, 2 antennas

• 4*2-ant SmarTile, [email protected]

• Live migration

• IQ data transportation via PCIe and 10GE

EPC soft BBU SmarTile

PCIe CPRI EPC RT-Linux+ Driver

VM+OAI

SmarTile

Commercial UE

(Samsung)

Spectrum analyzer

(Keysight)

Front-End

RAN virtualization: the story in a C-RAN prototype

LTE VM-based L1+L2+L3 live migration

• Based on OAI *, yet significant improvements via SW architecture redesign & various optimization

• 5MHz -> 20MHz LTE

• Peak DL throughput (45Mbps, Config. 3, single port)

• FFT module processing time saved by 1/3

• Dynamic DL resource scheduling to support adaptive video coding (edge app.)

• Host -> VM

• New branch setup in OAI for C-RAN (Sep. 2014, https://svn.eurecom.fr/openairsvn/openair4G/branches/cran)

*: OAI: http://www.openairinterface.org/

First PoC developed in house

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| 14 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 14

Virtualized C-RAN demoed in MWC 2015

World-first L1+L2+L3 live migration demonstration Highlights:

• Optimization on RT performance of hypervisor and OS

• Interrupt response time: traditional v.s. optimized

• Max: 1.68ms vs 16.90us

• Avg: 100us vs 4us

• LTE in VM without acceleration

• World-first L1+L2+L3 live migration demonstration

• Optimized down-time performance to 10ms order of magnitude

• No service interruption during LM

• I/Q data soft handover during LM

• Memory sharing to allow high-speed communication b/w Frond-end card, OS and VM

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| 15 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 15

First field trial for C-RAN virtualization with accelerator-based solution

• Multi-RAT: GSM & TD-LTE

• TD-LTE:

• Hybrid indoor and outdoor

coverage

• 18 indoor cells

• 3 outdoor cells

• BBU pool

• Centralized COTS components

• 4 standard IT racks, hosting 17 HP

servers

• 3 10Gbps switches and 1 Gbps

switch

• Accelerator for L1 processing

• Demo cases

• GSM voice calls

• iPhone for LTE 2A video streaming

• iPhone for LTE 2A video streaming

with live migration

• Dongle for LTE 2A DL

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| 16 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 16

RRU

RRU RRU

RRU

RRU

RRU

RRU

Virtual BS Pool

Real-time Cloud for

centralized processing

Distributed RRU

High bandwidth optical

transport network

Massive antennas (160Gbps for 128 Ant.)

Massive carriers

(9.8Gbps for each carrier2 with 20M&8 Ant.)

Challenges for future interface/transport network

CPRI →NGFI

P2P connection

Low-efficiency,

High consumption,

Inflexibility

• The key is function re-split between BBU and RRU & re-design of underlined transport networks

• NGFI encapsulation , IEEE 1904 WG (2-3 Jun in Beijing hosted by CMCC)

• Latency enhancement , TSN • Synchronization, IEEE 1588WG & ITU-T

The objectives of NGFI

• Decoupling cell&UE proc. and UL&DL

NGFI considerations

• Support 5G key tech.

• Enable statistical multiplexing for FH

NGFI: the next big thing

• First NGFI workshop on 4th June, 2015

Ethernet as promising solution

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| 17 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 17

The 1st NGFI workshop in Beijing

http://labs.chinamobile.com/cran/

下一代前传网络接口

白 皮 书

White Paper of

Next Generation Fronthaul Interface

版本号 1.0

2015年6月4日

中国移动通信研究院

上海贝尔股份有限公司

诺基亚网络

中兴通讯股份有限公司

博通公司

英特尔中国研究中心

• June 4th, CMRI, Beijing

• NGFI White Paper version 1 (co-authored by

CMCC, Broadcom, Intel, Alcatel-Lucent, ZTE,

Nokia)

• Keynote speech

• Panel discussion

• MoU signing ceremony (including Broadcom,

Intel, Alcatel-Lucent, ZTE, Nokia, Xilinx)

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| 18 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 18

Relevant SDO activities

• IEEE

• IEEE 1904.3 TF: newly founded to address the CPRI encapsulation in the form of Ethernet packet

• IEEE TSN: work item under preparation

• IEEE 1588WG: considering specialized solutions to improved synchronization accuracy

• A NGFI working group (WG) under preparation under the sponsorship of an IEEE-SA Standards

Sponsor with founding members of CMCC, AT&T, Huawei, Broadcom (more to join)

• CCSA:

• Newly founded project in CCSA to study the requirements, scenarios and the key technologies

• NGMN:

• Initial analysis on function split for LTE

• NGFI as a key building block for 5G

• ITU-T:

• Initial discussion on how to support synchronization for NGFI

• ITU-T FG for IMT-2020, FH being one of the key topics

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| 19 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 19

CMCC 5G System Architecture

Unified RAN architecture + Common high layer protocol(UCN/NMC)

Low Freq. evolved RIT

SDAI(Adaptive radio access)

Low Freq. New RIT High frequency RIT Massive-MTC RIT Mission-Critical RIT

PTN PON Transportation

network

Core Network

Low-latency &

high-reliability

Seamless wide-area

coverage Hotspot and high

data rate Low-power &

massive-connections

SDN/NFV

based on CRAN/NGFI

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| 20 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 20

Towards No More Cell

Rethink cellular: towards “No More Cell “in Ultra Dense Network (UDN)

Almost equivalent number and tx power of AP and UE in UDN

Unique UE ID in connected mode and network coordinated initial access

Enhanced UL measurement for sync and mobility, towards seamless handover

Data only Carrier design, for low cost AP deployment

User centric Access Cloudlet

with on-demand minimum system information

Data only Carrier

No cell specific common broadcast

Macro assisted

Preferred uplink mobility measurement

Network coordinated UE ID,

Random Access, AP selection,

RRC, Mobility and etc.

Cell specific

Common broadcast

Access, Sync, Scheduling and etc

Mobility: hard handover

No more Cell Reconstruct common broadcast

Centralized radio control for access, Sync,

Scheduling and etc

Remove C-RNTI and hard handover

Macro AP

Broadcast all system information over SFN

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| 21 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 21

“No More Cell”: User Oriented Network based on C-RAN

User 1 User 2

BBU Pool

RRU1 RRU2 RRU3

vCell1

RRU4 RRU5

vCell2

User1

vBBU1

RRU BBU

Switch and Forward

User2

vBBU2

Cell only exists when user comes

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| 22 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 22

• Various SDOs and initiatives: NGMN, IEEE, ITU-T, ETSI, EU S7FP project, OAI, ETSI etc.

C-RAN: from little known to well known to common consensus in 7

years • Strong and continuously maturing ecosystem: from CT to IT, from

transport to wireless, from centralization to virtualization

Fronthaul & NGRI BBU pooling HW platform virtualization

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| 23 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 23

C-RAN is not a single technology, it’s a technology path

Multiple phases, features and gains

Revolutionary Evolution of RAN

Summary

Essential Enabling Element of 5G

NGFI for multi-level collaboration, and more

IEEE NGFI WG being launched

5G: Joint Design of AI/MAC/RA and RAN Architecture!

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| 24 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

Thank you!

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| 25 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

“Wireless fronthaul picks up...

...where fiber leaves off”

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| 26 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

BBU Mobile

core

Mobile core

Backhaul (Fiber / wireless)

C-RAN

Fronthaul (Fiber / Wireless)

RRU

…to centralization…

…and densification

x10

Macro, Remote cell, Metro cell, Small cell

LTE – A / 5G / C-RAN

Carrier aggregation CoMP,

V-RAN…

BBU

BBU

BBU

BBU

BBU BBU

RRU

From distribution…

µRR

U

BBU

µRRU

µRR

U

µRR

U

µRR

U RRU RRU

RRU

RRU

RRU and µRRU

Network evolution

26

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| 27 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

Wireless fronthaul complements fiber

Fronthaul

BBU Hotel C-RAN

Optical fronthaul network

RRU

RRU

Wireless

Fiber

Very last mile

Backhaul

Macro RRU

µRRU

Macro RRU

µRRU

27

Wireless fronthaul picks up … where fiber leaves off

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| 28 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

Network densification with wireless fronthaul

Turn every site into a local C-RAN and add remote macro & micro sectors

28

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| 29 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

~510M

29

Adding a remote sector for capacity

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| 30 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

Adding a remote sector for VIP coverage

30

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| 31 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

EBlink at RAN World – Cologne – 29 & 30 Sep

31

www.e-blink.com / [email protected]

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| 32 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

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| 33 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

2015 ASOCS Ltd. Confidential

Virtual-RAN: Delivering on the C-RAN Promise Eran Bello, VP Product & Marketing

September 9, 2015

Page 34: 20150909_Benefits of C-RAN and Adoption Trends

| 34 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 34 Confidential

Traditional RAN Topology

D-RAN Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Fronthaul Baseband

to RRH (Local)

CPRI over Fiber

Page 35: 20150909_Benefits of C-RAN and Adoption Trends

| 35 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 35 Confidential

Traditional RAN Topology: Challenges

• Air-interface, configuration specific – Non-agile

• Individual cell planning – High CAPEX

• Individual cell maintenance – High OPEX

• Purpose built appliances – Non-Scalable

D-RAN Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Fronthaul Baseband

to RRH (Local)

CPRI over Fiber

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| 36 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 36 Confidential

Centralized RAN Topology: Base Station ‘Hoteling’

C-RAN Centralized RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Centralized

Baseband Pool

Fronthaul

Transport Baseband to RRH

CPRI over Fiber

SAME Appliances:

• Non-agile

• High CAPEX

Centralization:

• Improved scalability

• Improved OPEX

D-RAN Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Fronthaul Baseband

to RRH (Local)

CPRI over Fiber

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| 37 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 37 Confidential

Virtual RAN Topology: Decoupling of Software & Hardware

vRAN Virtualized RAN

Virtual Baseband

Backhaul

Transport

Fronthaul

Transport Baseband to RRH

CPRI over Fiber

Virtualized

Baseband Pool

C-RAN Centralized RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Centralized

Baseband Pool

Fronthaul

Transport Baseband to RRH

CPRI over Fiber

D-RAN Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Fronthaul Baseband

to RRH (Local)

CPRI over Fiber

Air-interface agnostic

Centralization and Virtualization

Max agility

Max scalability

Low CAPEX

Low OPEX

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| 38 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 38 Confidential

Traditional Small Cells Topology

• Purpose built appliances – Non-Scalable

• Air-interface, configuration specific – Non-Agile

• Individual cell maintenance – High OPEX

• Small cell coverage and capacity – Non-Scalable

EPC

Small Cells Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

Backhaul

Transport

Backhaul

Transport to

Proprietary RRH

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| 39 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 39 Confidential

Traditional Small Cells Topology: Meeting Bands Required

Small Cells Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Backhaul

Transport to

Proprietary RRH

Increasing densification for coverage

• High CAPEX

• Non-Scalable

Individual cell maintenance

• High OPEX

Air-interface, configuration specific

• Non-agile

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| 40 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 40 Confidential

Traditional Small Cells Topology: Meeting Capacity Required

Small Cells Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Backhaul

Transport to

Proprietary RRH

Increasing densification for capacity

• High CAPEX

• Non-Scalable

Individual cell maintenance

• High OPEX

Air-interface, configuration specific

• Non-agile

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| 41 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 41 Confidential

D-RAN Split Topology: Adding Appliance to the Network

Small Cells Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

D-RAN Split Distributed RAN with

Split Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Backhaul

Transport to

Proprietary RRH

Backhaul

Transport to

Proprietary RRH

SAME purpose built distributed

appliances

• Non-agile

• Non-Scalable

• High CAPEX

• High OPEX

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| 42 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 42 Confidential

Virtual RAN Topology: Decoupling of Software & Hardware

Small Cells Distributed RAN

Traditional Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

D-RAN Split Distributed RAN with

Split Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Backhaul

Transport to

Proprietary RRH

Backhaul

Transport to

Proprietary RRH

vRAN Virtualized RAN

Virtual Baseband

Backhaul

Transport

Fronthaul

Transport Baseband to RRH

CPRI over Fiber

Virtualized

Baseband Pool

Air-interface agnostic

Centralization and Virtualization

Max agility

Max scalability

Low CAPEX

Low OPEX

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| 43 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 43 Confidential

In-Building vRAN: DAS & vBS= HIGH Coverage &Capacity

vRAN Virtualized RAN

Virtual Baseband

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Virtualized

Baseband Pool

Fronthaul

Transport Baseband to RRH

CPRI over Fiber

EPC

Backhaul

Transport

Virtual

Base Station

(vBS) Baseband Pool

Fronthaul

Transport Baseband to RRH

CPRI over Fiber

Distributed Antenna System (DAS)

• Air-interface agnostic

• Neutral Host

• Wide Band

• Full agility

• Full scalability

• Low CAPEX

• Low OPEX

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| 44 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 44 Confidential

RAN Use-cases

Rural area

• Distributed RAN

• Traditional Macro

Base Stations

• High Power

Small Cells

In-building Residential

and Small to Mid-size

Enterprise

• WiFi

• Femto Cells

High Dense Urban

• Virtual RAN

In-building Mid-size to

Large Venues and

Enterprise

• WiFi

• Virtual RAN

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| 45 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 45 Confidential

Virtual Base Station Overview

A key component in vRAN: virtual Radio Access Network

A software based implementation of traditional base station

Deployed in virtual machines on standard COTS servers

Enable shared and dynamic resource allocation

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| 46 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 46 Confidential

Fully Virtualized Base Station On Standard Cloud

• Cloud-RAN deployment at any scale, on an open platform

• Unmatched spectrum, energy efficiency

• Significantly reduced TCO

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| 47 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 47 Confidential

NFV vBS-Based RAN: Cloud RAN at the Metro & Edge

Complete RAN Virtualization: Every Layer, all functions, any RRU

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| 48 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 48 Confidential

Expanding NFV through vBS at the Edge

Deploying vBS at the edge enables other

NFV VNF to migrate from core to premise

vEPC, vIMS, vCDN, vSecurity, vMonitoring, etc.

vCD

N

vBS vEPC vSEC

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| 49 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 49 Confidential

In-building and Outdoor vRAN: Value Proposition

Multi

Antenna

sector

Single

Antenna

sector

MIMO CoMP

Improved spectrum efficiency • Enables implementation of advanced technologies to optimize utilization • Joint Processing/Joint Transmission (JP/JT) type of CoMP

Reduced probability for rip & replace • Virtual Base Station resources allocated per

deployment topology • Reduces on site engineering time for long manual

antenna positioning • Enables Pay as you Grow approach

Neutral host platform • A Single platform can support various Carries • Enables Capacity based charging

Evolving DAS to DRAS networks • Distributed Radio Antenna System!

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| 50 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015 50 Confidential

Summary

Complete RAN Virtualization

• Every layer, all functions, any RRH and scale

• Unparalleled spectrum efficiency

• A single unified platform for neutral hosts and Carrier of Carriers

• Future proof, paving the way to 5G

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| 51 | © Senza Fili Consulting LLC 2015

www.asocsnetworks.com

Thank You!