MEETING DATE: October 26, 2016

PREPARED BY: Bob McSeveney Sr. Management Analyst

DEPT. DIRECTOR: Karen P. Brust

DEPARTMENT: City Manager’s Office CITY MANAGER: Karen P. Brust

SUBJECT: Review and discussion on contact with the local school district superintendents, the San Dieguito Alliance and Sheriff’s Department regarding what is currently being done in regards to drug prevention and education, what the trends are for Encinitas, the potential for partnering projects for drug prevention and education, and the cost of providing school site officers RECOMMENDED ACTION: That Council receive the report and provide possible direction. STRATEGIC PLAN: This item aligns with the Public Safety focus area of the Strategic Plan, regarding a safe and secure environment for students in the City. FISCAL CONSIDERATIONS: There are no direct fiscal impacts associated with the staff recommendation. BACKGROUND: On April 27, 2016, City Council gave the City Manager direction to contact the local school district superintendents, the San Dieguito Alliance for Drug Free Youth, and Sheriff’s Department regarding what is currently being done in regards to drug prevention and education in public schools. Council also wanted to know the drug abuse trends in Encinitas, and the potential for partnering projects for drug prevention and education. This report is organized according to contact group, although there is crossover and interdependence. ANALYSIS: San Dieguito Alliance for Drug Free Youth The San Dieguito Alliance for Drug Free Youth (Alliance) engages the community in many ways, but as the name implies, its focus is on youth. Educational program support provided by the Alliance in schools is in cooperation with the Parent Teacher Associations (PTA), and with the Associated Student Body (ASB). Judi Strang, the Executive Director of the Alliance, is also on the North Coastal Council of PTAs, which serves San Dieguito Union High School District, Encinitas Union School District and others, and she serves as the Programs Chair. As such,

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there is a natural connection between the Alliance and the PTAs at Encinitas schools, and an avenue for delivering drug and alcohol education. One such program that the PTAs deliver to Encinitas schools is Red Ribbon Week, each October, Attachment 1. Teen presenters, seniors in high school, are trained and coordinated by the Alliance. Once trained, the PTAs tell the students when and where to present. Their messages are effectively delivered, because they are talking to peers, or to elementary school children who look up to them. At times, teen-to-teen communication is more effective than adult-to-teen communication, and this program has been well received. Start Smart is another program for drug education, but this program has been adopted by the individual high schools by policy, Attachment 2. This is a distracted and drunk driving education program for teens and parents with driver’s licenses. San Dieguito Academy and La Costa Canyon High School both require certified completion of the Start Smart program prior to a student’s receiving an on-campus parking permit. The Alliance provides training through a cadre of specifically assigned prevention specialists, and with participation from law enforcement. Start Smart is in its sixth year. The Alliance conducts quarterly community networking meetings, attended by parents, students and educators. Emerging student issues are discussed, as are educational opportunities and available resources. Parent Awareness Training is conducted by the Alliance, in which sources of student stress are identified for the benefit of the parents. Student stress has been shown to be a contributing factor in drug and alcohol abuse. Awareness training can assist parents in reducing the causes of stress, or in helping parents help their children deal with stress. The Study Buddy program has been sponsored by the Alliance for 25 years. This is an after-school program whereby high school students meet with elementary students, help them with their homework, and provide mentorship. Study Buddy teens are carefully selected and trained, and each of them takes a pledge to avoid tobacco, alcohol and drug use. The teens provide a good role model for the elementary school children, but there is reciprocal benefit. There is an opportunity for the City to partner with the Alliance by providing access to the City Manager’s newsletter to publicize citywide events, such as the quarterly networking meetings. There is also a potential for the City to provide meeting room space. San Dieguito Union High School District

San Dieguito Union High School District (District) has drug and alcohol abuse education as part of the 9th grade Health curriculum, mandatory during physical education class. There are also student assemblies throughout the year covering a variety of subjects, including drug and alcohol abuse. When the assemblies are in the evenings, attending parents are offered separate forums on drugs and alcohol abuse and awareness. The District feels there is an opportunity for the City to partner with the District, and/or with the Alliance, to offer similar forums to the general public at City-sponsored venues. The District also participates in Red Ribbon Week, previously mentioned in the Alliance section of this report above. The District gives students a “Healthy Kid” survey on odd years, to help measure substance abuse trends. University of California San Diego proctors the survey, and the raw data is shown in Attachment 3. Trends between the 2013 and 2015 surveys show a slight decrease in cigarette use, and a significant increase in electronic cigarette use, from 10 percent to 18 percent of high school respondents, when asked about use during the past 30 days. Past 30 days use of marijuana was unchanged (18%), as was use of other drugs (5%). Alcohol use

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rose from 27 percent to 28 percent of respondents, when asked about use during the past 30 days. Results of the 2015 survey were presented to the District Board on September 3, 2015, shown in Attachment 4. While the marijuana use was reported unchanged, officials have noticed instances of cannabis derivatives being delivered in vaping devices. Joe Olesky, the District Substance Abuse Counselor, explained that a very important piece of drug education is intervention. The District has the READI Program (Recovery Education and Alcohol/Drug Instruction) which is a safety net for students dealing with substance abuse issues. The program flyer is shown in Attachment 5. If a student is caught at school in possession of alcohol and/or drugs, in possession of drug paraphernalia, or is under the influence of alcohol or drugs, then the student is referred to the assistant principal. The student has a choice of a mandatory five-day suspension from school, or placing themselves in the two-day READI Program. Thereafter, completion of aftercare will expunge the suspension action from the student’s attendance record. The typical aftercare intervention extends 90 days, and there are social worker support groups at each school in the District. The intervention program supports the District’s approach of “restorative justice,” whereby students are counseled, and the orientation is towards prevention. This approach works well with campus supervisors, who patrol the campus when students are out of class. Mr. Olesky is a former Federal Drug Enforcement Agency Agent and employs his background and experience training campus supervisors in awareness of drug, alcohol and tobacco use behaviors on campus. When school resource officers (SROs) were removed from the District budget during state budget cuts, most District campuses gradually increased the number of campus supervisors to enhance District awareness of student activity, particularly during lunch time. La Costa Canyon High School and San Dieguito Academy went from one to three campus supervisors. The supervisors have walkie-talkies and are able to call for assistance when needed, including assistance from law enforcement. The Interim District Superintendent, Eric Dill, says the District is open to discussion of reintroducing SROs in the schools, but feels the current campus supervisor program, operated by Mr Olesky, is successful. Cardiff Elementary School District Cardiff Elementary School District (CESD) participates in Red Ribbon Week, detailed in the Alliance section above. Officials report that the Health education curriculum from first through sixth grade includes a drug education component. Teachers stress the positive side of health and wellness, and drug abuse is not an issue in their elementary schools. CESD has adopted a wellness policy, and it is posted on their website and shown in Attachment 6. Encinitas Union High School District The Encinitas Union High School District participates in Red Ribbon Week, and in the Study Buddy program, both of which are described in the Alliance section above. North Coastal Sheriff Station (Encinitas) The Encinitas Station has one juvenile detective, Detective Feliccia, who is the best Sheriff source of information about responses to incidents at high schools and middle schools in the City. Detective Feliccia, along with an SRO from Carlsbad Police Department and a California Highway Patrolman, teaches the Start Smart classes at the high schools, described in the Alliance section above. He also speaks at the annual “under age drinking” townhall meeting every year at La Costa Canyon High School, and at student assemblies at any Encinitas high school when requested. When responding to schools regarding a student drug or alcohol incident, Detective Feliccia works with Mr. Olesky to facilitate intervention. When juveniles within the City are contacted with similar incidents, but the students are outside the San Dieguito Union High School District, they are often diverted to Life Line, a counselling program in Oceanside. Student arrest is the last resort, typically used for repeat offenders.

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Detective Feliccia says there are a variety of illegal drugs being used by District students, but alcohol and marijuana are the most common reportings he sees. He says vaping is very prominent with teenagers, and vaping with marijuana derivatives is growing in popularity. Reports of medical grade marijuana use are high among teenagers, a product that can be obtained with a medical marijuana card, usually by a family member. Medical marijuana has a high consentration of THC (tetrahydrocannabanol). THC is the active, mind-altering ingredient in marijuana and in marijuana derivatives. Detective Feliccia says he is receiving more reports of marijuana being laced with other illicit drugs. Detective Feliccia says there is benefit in the presence of SROs on campus. They are on-site and a first responder for any critical incident that may happen, such as active shooter, assailant on campus or medical emergency. They train school staff on emergency preparedness, and on drug and alcohol awareness. An SRO is a bridge between young people and law enforcement, with involvement in campus activities and campus life. An SRO provides opportunity for intervention rather than arrest, as may be the case when a patrol deputy responds to a school incident. SROs have a lot of discretion, and become very familiar with campus enforcement-related issues. Captain Maryon concurs with Detective Feliccia’s SRO assessment. School Resource Officer Costs If an SRO was added during the year, there would be no overhead costs allocated to that officer since the all overhead costs are fully allocated at the beginning of the fiscal year. This is a clause in our contract with the County. Direct costs would be prorated. However, shown below are the annual costs of the deputy, assuming they began service July 1, 2016: Salary and Benefits 166,431.50 Overhead 40,426.83 Black & White Sedan 24,078.60 Radio 477.39 Total 231,414.32 The duty time of the SRO would be allocated according to agreement with the school districts, and as needed according to Captain Maryon and his management team. Typically, the need for intervention is greater at the high school level; however, emergency preparedness training could be provided to all schools by an SRO. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: The action being considered by the City Council is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) because it is not a “project” under Section 15378(b)(5) of CEQA Guidelines. The action involves an organizational or administrative activity of government that will not result in the direct or indirect physical change in the environment. ATTACHMENTS:

1. Red Ribbon Week flyer

2. Start Smart Program Schedule, 2016-2017 SDUHSD

3. Healthy Kids Survey, San Dieguito Union High School District 2015

4. Healthy Kids Survey 14-15 – Presentation at the 09-03-15 SDUHSD Board Meeting

5. READI Drug Intervention Program flyer

6. Cardiff School District Student Wellness Policy

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