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Differentiated Readingfor ComprehensionCD-104614

Recognizing and understanding academic vocabulary is critical for comprehending the broader concepts taught in school. Research shows that a fi rm knowledge of academic vocabulary is one of the strongest indicators of a student’s success in the content areas. The 200+ words in this book have been carefully selected to provide students with grade-appropriate resources to help them build crucial vocabulary skills. Included in this volume are vocabulary lists from all content areas, reproducible student pages, a student dictionary, game suggestions and templates, and an answer key. Additionally, a free set of vocabulary fl ash cards is available online.

Kelley Wingate Reading Comprehension and SkillsCD-104620

Common Core Connections:Language ArtsCD-104609

Carson - D ellosa Publishing

Grade

2CD-104807

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VocabularyPractice

Academic

• Presents relevant words in context

• Develops content-area vocabulary

• Offers practice and word play

• Includes a student dictionary

• Reproducible pages

CD-104807CO.indd 1 3/17/14 3:44 PM

CreditsContent Editor: Angela TriplettCopy Editor: Julie B. Killian

Visit carsondellosa.com for correlations to Common Core, state, national, and Canadian provincial standards.

Carson-Dellosa Publishing, LLCPO Box 35665Greensboro, NC 27425 USAcarsondellosa.com

© 2014, Carson-Dellosa Publishing, LLC. The purchase of this material entitles the buyer to reproduce worksheets and activities for classroom use only—not for commercial resale. Reproduction of these materials for an entire school or district is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced [except as noted above], stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means [mechanically, electronically, recording, etc.] without the prior written consent of Carson-Dellosa Publishing, LLC.

ISBN 978-1-4838-1262-5

Academic Vocabulary PracticeGrade 2

Ac Vocab Gr.2.indd 1 3/12/14 12:54 PM

2 Academic Vocabulary Practice • Grade 2 • CD-104807

Table of Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Vocabulary Four Square Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Important Math Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Important Science Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Important Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Important Language Arts Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Important Social Studies Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Important Geography Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Important Civics and Economics Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Important Art Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Game Ideas and Suggestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Vocabulary Word-O! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Racetrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Student Dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Answer Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125


Academic Vocabulary Practice • Grade 2 • CD-104807 3

IntroductionThe Academic Vocabulary Practice SeriesResearch shows that a firm knowledge of academic vocabulary is one of the strongest indicators of a student’s success in the content areas. Academic Vocabulary Practice is a series that provides students with the resources they need to build crucial vocabulary skills for success in school. The series promotes and supports literacy in: math, science, technology, language arts, social studies, geography, civics and economics, and art. The reproducible pages are designed to give students extra practice using academic vocabulary. These word lists focus on subject-specific words that often challenge students because they may rarely encounter these words in everyday use.

The books align with Common Core State Standards by offering systematic practice and usage of many of the academic and domain-specific words and phrases. Teaching vocabulary to meet the Common Core State Standards is an essential component of any standards-based curriculum.

Reproducible Pages in This BookThis book presents 200+ subject-specific words that are organized by content area. Ample opportunity is given to help students learn and connect with the vocabulary in a variety of ways.

• The Vocabulary Four Square on page 4 is an essential organizer that helps students learn new words by stating word meanings in their own words, drawing pictures to represent the words, engaging with peers in word discussion, and creating context for words.

• The Explore a Word activities let students focus on one word at a time to create associations.

• The Compare Words activities show students how two or more related words are alike and different in meaning.

• The Make Connections pages help students understand the relationships between words that are commonly presented together.

• The Play with Words activities provide review in a more playful but effective learning format.

Special FeaturesThe Game Ideas and Suggestions section includes ideas for the flash cards (offered online) and game templates for small group or whole group activities. The Student Dictionary pages are organized by content area and support the activity pages in each section.

Online Support To further enhance student learning, a full set of the 200+ vocabulary words are available in flash card format online at activities.carsondellosa.com. These will provide opportunities for additional practice and other peer activities.


Name ___________________________________


Vocabulary Four Square

Use the Vocabulary Four Square to practice new words in this book.

What I Think the Word Means Picture

What My Friend Thinks the Word Means

Synonyms

Antonyms

Sentence

Word

__________________


Name ___________________________________


Important Math Words You Need to Know

Use this list to keep track of how well you know the new words.

0 = Do Not Know 1 = Know Somewhat 2 = Know Well

___ bar graph

___ base-ten system

___ cent

___ centimeter

___ column

___ cube

___ customary system

___ difference

___ digit

___ dime

___ dollar

___ estimate

___ even number

___ expanded notation

___ foot

___ halves

___ hexagon

___ hundreds place

___ inch

___ measure

___ meter

___ metric system

___ minus

___ nickel

___ odd number

___ one-fourth

___ one-half

___ one-third

___ ones place

___ partition

___ pentagon

___ picture graph

___ place value

___ quarter

___ regroup

___ row

___ sphere

___ subtract

___ tens place


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

estimate—To tell about how many.

Follow each instruction.

1. A school has three second-grade classes. Alicia estimates that there are about 300 second graders in the school. Rudy estimates that there are about 60 second graders. Whose estimate do you think is better? Tell why you think that.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Look at the two amounts below. Circle the one that is an estimate.

$6.32 $6.00

3. Look at the picture. Estimate how many glasses of juice are left in the pitcher. Write your estimate next to the pitcher.

4. Write a sentence with the word estimate.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

even number—A number that can make pairs.

odd number—A number that cannot make pairs.

Write odd number or even number to complete each sentence.

1. An ______________________________________

has 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9 in the ones place.

An ______________________________________

has 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 in the ones place.

2. Two friends want to share 3 cookies.

An ______________________________________

of friends want to share an

______________________________________ of

cookies.

3. A person has an

______________________________________ of

feet.

A foot has an

______________________________________ of

toes.


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

cube—Six square faces, all equal in size, with eight corners.

sphere—A three-dimensional solid that is round.

Which pictures show cubes? Which ones show spheres? Write C for cube or S for sphere. Cross out the pictures that are not cubes or spheres.

1. _____ 2. _____

3. _____ 4. _____

5. _____ 6. _____

7. _____ 8. _____

9. _____ 10. _____


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

hexagon—A polygon with six angles and six sides.

pentagon—A polygon with five angles and five sides.

Which figures show pentagons? Which ones show hexagons? Write P for pentagon or H for hexagon. Cross out the figures that are not pentagons or hexagons.

1. _____ 2. _____

3. _____ 4. _____

5. _____ 6. _____

7. _____ 8. _____

9. _____ 10. _____


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

An inch and a foot are units in the customary system for measuring length.

12 inches = 1 foot

A centimeter and a meter are units in the metric system for measuring length.

100 centimeters = 1 meter

Look at the ruler. Then, complete each sentence with a vocabulary word.

1cm 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1 in23456

1. This ruler shows 6 ____________________________.

2. This ruler shows 15 ____________________________.

3. Add 6 more inches to this ruler to make a ____________________________.

4. A ____________________________ is 100 centimeters long.

5. An inch is longer than a ____________________________.

6. A paper clip is about 1 ____________________________ long.

7. The inch and the foot units of measurement are in the

____________________________ ____________________________ for

measuring length.

8. The centimeter and the meter units of measurement are in the

____________________________ ____________________________ for

measuring length.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

bar graph—A chart that uses bars to stand for amounts.

measure—To find out how long, big, or heavy something is.

picture graph—A chart that uses pictures to stand for amounts.

Look at the graphs to answer the questions.

Favorite Playground Activities

Num

be

r o

f Chi

ldre

n

swinging

= 3 children

sliding climbing

How Far Can We Kick a Ball?

Dis

tanc

e in

Fe

et

Rosa

10

20

30

40

Alex Dylan

1. How many children chose sliding as their favorite activity? Write the answer and your reason. Use the words picture graph.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Which child kicked the ball farthest? Write the answer and your reason. Use the words bar graph.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. How do you think the children measured their kicks for the bar graph?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

cent—One penny, written as 1¢ or $0.01

dime—Ten cents, written as 10¢ or $0.10

dollar—One hundred cents, written $1.00

nickel—Five cents, written as 5¢ or $0.05

quarter—Twenty-five cents, written as 25¢ or $0.25

Read each sentence. If it is correct, place a 3 after it. If it is not correct, show how to fix it.

1. Two nickels and a dime make $0.50.

2. One dollar equals 4 quarters.

3. Seventy-five cents is written as $75.00.

4. A dime is worth less than a nickel.

5. Two quarters are the same as 3 dimes.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

column—In a vertical straight line.

partition—To separate into sections.

row—In a horizontal straight line.

Count to find the number of rows and the number of columns in each rectangle.

1. 2.

______ rows ______ rows

______ columns ______ columns

3. 4.

______ rows ______ rows

______ columns ______ columns

5. Draw a rectangle and partition it into 8 rows and 4 columns.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

halves—The plural of half.

one-half—One of two equal parts of a whole.

one-third—One of three equal parts of a whole.

one-fourth—One of four equal parts of a whole.

1. Divide the rectangle into halves. Shade one-half of the rectangle.

2. Divide the rectangle into thirds. Shade one-third of the rectangle.

3. Divide the rectangle into fourths. Shade one-fourth of the rectangle.

Look at each shape. Write the word that tells what part of the shape is shaded.

4. 5. 6.

_________________ _________________ _________________

7. Write a complete sentence using one of the vocabulary words.

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

subtract—To take away one number from another.

difference—The answer after subtracting.

minus—The word for the (–) sign.

regroup—To show the same number in a different way.

Look at the problem. Then, complete each sentence with a vocabulary word.

341 41

– 27 – 27 14

1. The _______________________ sign tells us to subtract.

2. We cannot _______________________ 7 from 1, because 1 is too small.

3. We will _______________________ 41 to make 3 tens and 11 ones.

4. Eleven _______________________ 7 is 4.

5. Next, we _______________________ the tens, 3 – 2.

6. The _______________________ is 14.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. Regroup 1 ten and 9 ones as 19 tens.

2. Ten minus 4 equals 6.

3. Add numbers to find the difference.

4. When you subtract, you take something away.

5. The difference is what is left after subtracting.

difference minus regroup subtract


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

Read the paragraph. Think about the meaning of each bold word. Use the Student Dictionary to help you.

The base-ten system uses ten digits, 0–9. It is the number system we use every day. Place value is the value of a digit, depending on its place in the number. A three-digit number has a hundreds place, a tens place and a ones place. Expanded notation is a way of writing numbers to show place value.

hundred ten one

Look at the problem. Then, complete each sentence with a vocabulary word.

358 = 300 + 50 + 8

1. The 3 is in the _______________________ place.



4. 300 + 50 + 8 is the _______________________ _______________________ form of the number 358.

5. Ten _______________________ makes one hundred.

6. The number system we use every day is called the

_______________________ _______________________.

7. The _______________________ _______________________ of a number tells how many hundreds, tens, and ones the number has.

8. The base-ten system uses 10 _______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words

Choose the word or words that complete each sentence. Circle the letter.

1. A ball has the shape of a ___. l measure m cube n sphere

2. There are four ___ in a dollar. u quarters v nickels w dimes

3. One ___ and two pennies make seven cents.

l dime m nickel n quarter

4. Twelve inches equals a ___. a centimeter b foot c meter

5. Six squares can make a ___. c cent d bar graph e cube

6. A chart that shows amounts is a ___.

r picture graph s dollar t place value

Write the circled letters in order. You will find the missing word in the message.

You are _______________________ one!


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Crossword Puzzle

Read the clues. Use the words in the word bank to complete the puzzle.

1

2

3

4 5

6

ACROSS3 A five-sided shape 4 An example of a metric unit 5 It goes across. 6 Two equal parts of a whole

DOWN 1 A six-sided shape 2 To divide equally into four parts 3 To divide into sections 4 It goes up and down vertically.

centimeter column fourths halveshexagon partition pentagon row


Name ___________________________________


Important Science Words You Need to Know



___ amphibian

___ attract

___ breathe

___ conclusion

___ constellation

___ consumer

___ data

___ experiment

___ flower

___ fruit

___ heart

___ hypothesis

___ investigation

___ larva

___ life cycle

___ lung

___ magnetic

___ magnify

___ mammal

___ mass

___ matter

___ moon

___ muscle

___ observe

___ offspring

___ oxygen

___ planet

___ pole

___ producer

___ pump

___ pupa

___ repel

___ reptile

___ root

___ scientific inquiry

___ scientist

___ seedling

___ soil

___ solar system

___ sprout

___ stem

___ trait


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

mammal—An animal with hair on his skin. A mother mammal feeds her young with milk from her body.


1. Baby birds hatch from eggs. Tell how baby mammals are different from baby birds.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Fish have scales on their bodies. Tell how mammals are different from fish.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Draw a picture of a big mammal and a small mammal. Write the name of each mammal.

4. Write a sentence with the word mammal.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

magnify—To make something seem larger.


1. Scientists use tools to magnify things. The tools help them study things that are too small for the eyes to see clearly. Circle the names of things to magnify.

house feather shoe ant grain of sand dog

2. Picture a bird at the top of a tall tree. Tell how someone could magnify the bird.

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look at the picture. Write about what is magnified.

4. Write a sentence to tell what you would like to magnify and why.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

consumer—A living thing that depends on others for food.

producer—A living thing that makes its own food.

Write producer or consumer. Then, explain your answer.

1. A flower is a _______________________ because ________________________

____________________________________________________________________ .

2. A bird is a _______________________ because __________________________

____________________________________________________________________ .

3. A butterfly is a _______________________ because ______________________

____________________________________________________________________ .

4. A tree is a _______________________ because __________________________

____________________________________________________________________ .

5. A human is a _______________________ because _______________________

____________________________________________________________________ .


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

mass—How much there is of an object.

matter—Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Write mass or matter to complete each sentence.

1. _______________________ is related to weight.

2. The _______________________ of a medium–size apple is about 150 grams.

3. Solids, liquids, and gases are all properties of _______________________.

4. Some _______________________ can change shapes.

5. Air is a form of _______________________ you cannot see.

6. A feather and a soccer ball will not have the same

_______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

amphibian—An animal that has smooth skin and lives where it is wet or moist. Amphibians spend the first part of their lives in water. They get air from the water through gills.

reptile—An animal with an outer covering of scales or plates. Some reptiles live in water, but they must come up for air.

Read about each animal. Is it a reptile or an amphibian? Circle the answer.

1. A sea turtle buries her eggs on the beach.

reptile amphibian

2. A young frog is called a tadpole. It does not have legs and does not come on land.

reptile amphibian

3. A salamander lays her eggs in water.

reptile amphibian

4. Baby alligators hatch on land and head for the safety of water.

reptile amphibian

5. The Stegosaurus was a dinosaur with bony plates on its back.

reptile amphibian

6. A garter snake will climb on a rock to sun itself.

reptile amphibian


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

flower—The male and female parts of a plant. The flower makes seeds that grow into new plants.

fruit—The part of a plant that holds the seeds.

Write flower or fruit to complete each sentence.

1. The outer part of a _______________________ has colorful petals.

2. Animals eat _______________________ and drop the seeds on the ground.

3. An acorn is a _______________________ made by an oak tree.

4. A butterfly comes to a _______________________ to sip sweet nectar.

5. The seed grows inside the female part of a _______________________.

6. The wind can carry a seed inside a _______________________ to a new place.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

root—The part of a plant that is underground.

seedling—A plant that has begun to grow from a seed.

soil—The tiny pieces of rock, rotting material, and living things that make up the top layer of Earth.

sprout—To start to grow from a seed or to start to grow buds.

stem—The long main part of a plant.

Complete each sentence with a vocabulary word.

1. A _______________________ may grow into a tree if it gets enough light and water.

2. A flower forms at the top of a _______________________.

3. A plant’s _______________________ holds the plant in place.

4. A _______________________ pulls in water that the plant needs.

5. Place the seed in the ground, and it may _______________________.

6. Some plants can grow in sandy _______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


Kittens, puppies, and the offspring of other mammals look like their parents. But, the offspring of some animals do not have their parents’ traits at birth. For example, a butterfly changes its form as it goes through its life cycle. It hatches from an egg as a larva, or caterpillar. It eats for weeks and grows larger and larger. Then, it turns into a pupa hanging inside a shell. When it finally comes out of the shell, it has the wings and body of a butterfly.

Write the vocabulary word that matches each meaning.

1. ____________________________ The form of an insect just after hatching. It usually looks like a worm.

2. ____________________________ The young of animals.

3. ____________________________ The changes in any living thing from its start to its adult form.

4. ____________________________ The stage of an insect’s life when it is inside a cocoon or other case.

5. ____________________________ The body features and behaviors of living things.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

attract—To pull things closer.

magnetic—Able to stick to a magnet.

pole—The north or south end of a magnet.

repel—To push things away.


1. A magnet can _______________________ paper clips made of metal.

2. A magnet will not stick to a wooden desk. Wood is not

_______________________.

3. If one end of a bar magnet is labeled N, the other end must be the

south _______________________.

4. The north pole of one magnet will _______________________ the north pole of another magnet.

5. Giant magnets can lift steel cars. Steel is _______________________.

6. Something that is magnetic will _______________________ a magnet.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

constellation—A group of stars.

moon—An object in space that travels around a planet.

planet—An object in space that travels around a star.

solar system—The sun and the objects that travel around it.

Write a vocabulary word on each blank to complete the paragraph.

We live on a (1.) ____________________________ called Earth. We can

see the (2.) ____________________________ that travels around Earth.

We can also see stars that make up each (3.) ____________________________

of the night sky. The stars are very far away. They are not part of our

(4.) ____________________________. We do have our own star. It is called

the sun.


_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


Lift your arm. You just used your muscles. Your muscles and all of the other parts of your body use oxygen as they work. How does your body get oxygen? You breathe it into your lungs. The oxygen goes from the lungs to the heart. The heart is a muscle. It pumps blood rich in oxygen throughout your body.


1. ____________________________ A gas in the air.

2. ____________________________ To take air into the body and send it out.

3. ____________________________ Forces a gas or a liquid to move.

4. ____________________________ Body parts that can squeeze, relax, and squeeze again.

5. ____________________________ The body part in the chest that pumps blood.

6. ____________________________ Two body parts in the chest that receive air from the mouth or the nose and provide the body with oxygen.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. The _______________________ in your neck allow you to turn your head.

2. Fill your _______________________ with air.

3. You cannot see _______________________ in the air, but it is all around you.

4. When you _______________________ out, you get rid of a gas called carbon dioxide.

5. Listen to the beats of your _______________________ inside your chest.

6. Heart muscles _______________________ blood to all parts of your body.

breathe heart lungs muscles oxygen pump


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


A good science experiment begins with an investigation into a scientific inquiry. The second step is to make a hypothesis about what results your experiment will have. Then, plan your experiment and gather the materials. As a scientist, you will need to observe and record data during your experiment. The final step is to look at the results and draw a conclusion.


1. ____________________________ A guess or prediction based on what you already know.

2. ____________________________ A question about science.

3. ____________________________ A test in which you observe actions and their effects to learn something.

4. ____________________________ To watch something closely to get information.

5. ____________________________ A final decision reached by reasoning.

6. ____________________________ A person who is trained to solve scientific problems.

7. ____________________________ Facts or information collected to learn about something.

8. ____________________________ A detailed inquiry about something.


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words


1. A toad is ___. m a mammal n an amphibian o a larva

2. A reptile breathes with ___. a lungs b traits c pupa

3. A scientist looks at ___ to draw conclusions.

s hypothesis t data u muscle

4. A seedling needs ___ to grow. t fruit u soil v flowers

5. The poles of two magnets may attract or ___ each other.

r repel s magnetic t pump

6. A mammal needs ___ to stay alive.

c offspring d fruit e oxygen

Write the circled letters in order. You will find an interesting science topic.

_______________________


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Crossword Puzzle


1

2

3

4 5

6

7

ACROSS 5 To watch closely 6 Able to stick to a magnet 7 Takes up space and has mass

DOWN 1 To pull things closer 2 Makes its own food 3 The body part that pumps blood 4 Travels around a planet

attract heart magnetic matter moon observe producer


Name ___________________________________


Important Technology Words You Need to Know



___ communication

___ construction

___ cursor

___ delete

___ desktop

___ file

___ font

___ graphic

___ hardware

___ image

___ insert

___ Internet

___ keyboard

___ manufacture

___ monitor

___ mouse

___ multimedia

___ personal computer

___ presentation

___ problem

___ scroll

___ software

___ solution

___ transportation


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

Internet—Millions of computers that are linked together to form a worldwide computer network.


1. Name two things you need to be able to use the Internet.

_____________________________________________________________________

2. What are three things you could use the Internet for?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Give one example of Internet safety.

_____________________________________________________________________

4. What do you think searching the Internet means?

_____________________________________________________________________

5. Write a complete sentence using the word Internet.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

manufacture—To make things in a factory.


1. Manufactured things are all around you. Name two manufactured things that you use.

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Furniture is manufactured. Name two things needed to manufacture furniture.

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look around you. Find something that is manufactured. Find something that is NOT manufactured. Draw a picture of each one.

4. Write a sentence with the word manufacture.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

problem—Something that needs to be solved.

solution—A way to solve a problem.

Write problem or solution to complete each sentence.

1. These heavy books are hard to carry. That

is a _______________________. How can

we carry heavy books? A backpack on

wheels is a _______________________.

2. It used to take a long time to travel from

one city to another. Cars were a great

_______________________. Cars made the

trips shorter. But, cars use a lot of gas. That

is a _______________________.

3. Water only flows down. It never

flows up. How did people solve the

_______________________ of getting water

up from below the ground? A pump was

one _______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

communication—The act of sending and receiving messages.

construction—The act of building something.

transportation—The act of moving people and things from one place to another.

Read each sentence. Does it tell about construction, communication, or transportation? Circle the answer.

1. Two friends talk on phones.

construction communication transportation

2. A truck brings fresh fruit to a store.


3. A boy reads an email from his aunt far away.


4. The house has walls made of stone.


5. A drawing shows the plan for a tall building.


6. Highways connect all parts of the country.



Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. Airplanes help with transportation.

2. Workers have different jobs in the communication of a building.

3. Big machines are used for the construction of a road.

4. One form of transportation is TV.

5. Freight trains are important in the construction of food.

communication construction transportation


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

file—Information that is stored under a single name.

hardware—The parts of a computer system.

monitor—The part of a computer that has a screen.

software—The programs that run on a computer.


1. Jack opened the _______________________ he had named “My Story.”

2. A video game is _______________________.

3. A computer keyboard is _______________________.

4. The artist used _______________________ to draw pictures.

5. Do you want to save the changes you made to the

_______________________?

6. Look at the photos on the _______________________.


_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

graphic—A picture or a diagram used as an illustration.

image—Something made to look like a person or a thing.

multimedia—Combining more than one form of communication such as sound, video, and photos.

presentation—The act of presenting something to explain or show.


1. Kyle gave a _______________________ on polar bears to the class today.

2. I saw my own _______________________ in the mirror.

3. Javon used a _______________________ organizer to help him write his report.

4. The museum had a _______________________ exhibit on dinosaurs.


_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


Use the mouse to click on a file on the desktop. Use keys or the mouse to scroll down the pages. Place the cursor where you want to work. You might insert new text. Or, you might delete text that is there.


1. ____________________________ The display of a background and small pictures of programs and files.

2. ____________________________ The blinking bar that marks the place to type.

3. ____________________________ To get rid of text or pictures.

4. ____________________________ To make text and pictures move up, down, left, or right on a computer screen.

5. ____________________________ To add text or pictures.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

keyboard—The part of a computer with rows of keys that allow you to type.

font—A style of type.

mouse—a small device used to control the cursor on a computer screen.

personal computer—A small computer used by one person or a few people.


1. My brother lets me use his _______________________ _______________________ to play games.

2. One of the keys on my _______________________ is not working properly.

3. Maria likes to use a cursive _______________________ to type her reports.

4. A _______________________ helps you control the cursor on your computer screen.


_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words


1. Buses, trucks, and jets are kinds of ___.

j software k communication l transportation

2. The cursor shows where to ___ text.

a insert b file c desktop

3. Steel is used in the ___ of buildings.

o monitor p construction q solution

4. Letters and email are written ___.

t communication u hardware v delete

5. Machines are built to solve ___. m solutions n manufacture o problems

6. Use the ___ key to get rid of text. l cursor m scroll p delete

Write the circled letters in order. You will find the name of a kind of computer.

_______________________


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Crossword Puzzle


1 2

3

4 5

6

ACROSS 4 The parts of a computer system 6 The end of a problem

DOWN 1 Something made to look like a person or a thing 2 A picture or a diagram used as an illustration 3 Rows of keys that allow you to type 5 To erase on a computer

delete graphic hardware image keyboard solution


Name ___________________________________


Important Language Arts Words You Need to Know



___ adjective

___ antonym

___ author

___ capitalize

___ cause-effect

___ chapter

___ character

___ compound word

___ comprehension

___ consonant

___ contraction

___ detail

___ dictionary

___ exclamation point

___ explanatory

___ fluency

___ glossary

___ heading

___ illustrator

___ informative

___ main idea

___ narrative

___ opinion

___ paragraph

___ period

___ phonics

___ play

___ poem

___ prediction

___ prefix

___ punctuation

___ question mark

___ rhyme

___ sentence

___ setting

___ strategy

___ suffix

___ summary

___ syllable

___ synonym

___ table of contents

___ vowels


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

adjective—A word used to describe a noun or a pronoun.


1. An adjective tells what something looks like. Write five adjectives to tell about color, size, and shape.

_____________________________________________________________________

2. An adjective can tell about other senses. Write adjectives to describe a sound, a touch, a taste, and a smell.

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Think of your favorite food. Draw a picture of the food. Write adjectives that give a clear description of it.

4. Use at least two adjectives in a complete sentence to describe your best friend.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

cause-effect—A cause is what makes something happen. An effect is what happens.


1. What might cause a fire? What could be an effect of a fire? Write a cause and an effect.

cause: ______________________________________________________________

effect: ______________________________________________________________

2. Read the sentences. Label the cause and the effect.

Alexa’s belly hurts. She ate too much ice cream!

3. Look at the picture. Write about the cause and the effect.

4. Write a sentence with because in the middle. Then, write cause and effect to label the parts of the sentence.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

compound word—A word made of two smaller words.

contraction—A word made by shortening two words. An apostrophe (’) stands for one or more missing letters.

Read each word in the box. Is it a compound word or a contraction? Write it in the correct column.

don’t we’re you’re wouldn’t they’ve

cannot somewhere yourself firewood thunderstorm

Compound Words Contractions

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

author—Someone who writes a story or a book.

illustrator—Someone who draws pictures for a story or a book.

Write author or illustrator to complete each sentence.

1. The _______________________ made funny drawings.

2. The writer of a picture book may also be the _______________________.

3. Emily read two books written by the same _______________________.

4. The _______________________ came up with an idea for a story.

5. An _______________________ has studied art in school.

6. This book has no pictures. Who is its _______________________?


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

antonym—A word with the opposite meaning of another word.

synonym—A word with the same meaning as another word.


1. Enjoy is an _______________________ of dislike.

2. Huge is a _______________________ of gigantic.

3. Difficult is an _______________________ of simple.

4. Final is a _______________________ of last.

5. Strong is a _______________________ of tough.

Choose the correct antonym of each word.

6. always

A. sometimes B. never C. rarely

7. exciting

A. boring B. uncommon C. fun

Choose the correct synonym of each word.

8. terrible

A. wonderful B. awful C. beautiful

9. fix

A. break B. repair C. lose


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

prefix—A word part with its own meaning that is added to the beginning of a word.

suffix—A word part with its own meaning that is added to the end of a word.

Which words show prefixes? Which words show suffixes? Write P if the word has a prefix. Write S if the word has a suffix.

1. ___ premade

2. ___ colorful

3. ___ useless

4. ___ hopeful

5. ___ mismatch

6. ___ rewind

7. ___ hopeless

8. ___ disobey

9. ___ playful

10. ___ misuse

11. Write as many words as you can think of with the prefix un-.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

12. Write as many words as you can think of with the suffix –ly.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

chapter—A section of a book.

play—A story for actors.

poem—A piece of writing set out in lines.

rhyme—Have the same ending sounds.

table of contents—A list of the chapters in a book.


1. Use the _______________________ to find Chapter 4.

2. The words head and red _______________________.

3. Watch a _______________________ on stage.

4. Listen to the rhymes as I read aloud this _______________________.

5. Adam has the role of the lion in the _______________________.

6. Each _______________________ of the book begins on a new page.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

capitalize—To begin a word with an uppercase, or capital, letter.

exclamation point—The end mark (!) that shows excitement.

period—The end mark (.) that shows the end of a sentence.

punctuation—The use of question marks, commas, periods, and other marks in writing to help make the meaning clear.

question mark—The end mark (?) that shows a question.

sentence—A group of words that show a complete thought.


1. A question is a kind of _________________________________.

2. Place an _________________________________ after a word such as Wow.

3. Most sentences have _________________________________ at the end.

4. You should _________________________________ the first word of a sentence.

5. An asking sentence should have a ________________________________ at the end.

6. To write your address, be sure to _________________________________ the name of your city or town.

7. _________________________________ helps the reader know when to stop at the end of a sentence.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

explanatory—To clarify or explain.

informative—Providing information or knowledge.

narrative—A story, a description, or an account of events.

opinion—What a person thinks about something or somebody.

Read the title of each book. Think about what the book may be about. Write N if the book is a narrative. Write O if the book is based on opinion. Write I if the book provides information. Write E if the book explains something.

1. ___ Why I Don’t Like My Brother

2. ___ My Mom’s Best Recipes

3. ___ Everything You Ever Wanted to Know about Spiders

4. ___ The Snowman Who Came to Life

5. ___ How to Knit a Scarf

6. ___ My Best Day Ever!

7. ___ Snakes Alive!

8. ___ Who Says Cats Are Better Than Dogs?

9. ___ The Giant Book of Dinosaurs

10. ___ The Year I Sailed around the World


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

comprehension—The act of understanding something.

dictionary—A book that lists the meanings, spellings and pronunciation of words.

fluency—Able to read easily and with expression.

glossary—A list of words and their meanings, usually at the end of a book.


1. Hannah read the paragraph several times, but she had no

_______________________ of what it was about.

2. The _______________________ has words in alphabetical order so that you can look them up more easily.

3. It is important to have good _______________________ when you are reading aloud to a group.

4. Jenna did not do well on a _______________________ test because she did not understand the book.

5. Ian’s book about snakes had a _______________________ at the end to help him learn more about pythons.

6. Megan used a _______________________ to help her pronounce a word she did not know.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


The main character in this story is a boy who is looking for a lost dog. The setting is the boy’s neighborhood on a Sunday afternoon. Readers look for clues about where the boy will hunt next. The strategy of making predictions helps readers keep track of the events in the story.


1. _______________________ Where and when a story takes place.

2. _______________________ Good guesses about what will happen next.

3. _______________________ Steps to take to read with understanding.

4. _______________________ A person or an animal in a story.


_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


When you read information, look at the heading above each section. Each paragraph has a main idea. Each paragraph also has details that tell more about the main idea. Think about the headings and the main ideas. Then, you can make a summary of the information.


1. _______________________ A group of sentences about one main idea.

2. _______________________ The most important idea about a topic.

3. _______________________ A title for a section of information.

4. _______________________ Pieces of information in a paragraph.

5. _______________________ A shortened form of a story. It gives only the most important ideas and information.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

consonant—A letter or a sound that is not a vowel.

phonics—Letters and their sounds.

syllable—A word or a part of a word with only one vowel sound.

vowels—The letters a, e, i, o, u and their sounds.

Circle the answer to each question.

1. Which word has the same vowel sound as in leaf?

loaf life keep

2. Which word begins and ends with a consonant sound?

toe time aim

3. Which word has one syllable?

screamed person navy

4. Which sentence tells about phonics?

The word cup means “something to drink from.” The word cup is like glass and mug. The word cup begins with a c that sounds like k.

5. Which word has two consonants and one vowel?

ape cat step


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words


1. A chapter has ___ in it. m illustrators n paragraphs o play

2. The word sentence has two ___. e syllables f periods g consonants

3. The words you’re and you’ll are ___.

c capitalized d compound words e contractions

4. An asking sentence ends with ___.

d a question mark e a period f an exclamation point

5. Make a ___ about what will happen next in the story.

k description l prediction m summary

6. You may hear ___ in a poem. d strategies e rhyme f glossary

Write the circled letters in order. You will find the answer to this riddle: What has an eye that never shuts?

_______________________


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Crossword Puzzle


1 2

3

4

5

6

7

ACROSS 3 Ability to read easily 4 Your feelings about something 5 It is added to the end of a word. 6 Of the opposite meaning 7 Ability to understand

DOWN 1 Providing information 2 It is added to the beginning of a word. 5 Of the same meaning

antonym comprehension fluency informative opinion prefix suffix synonym


Name ___________________________________


Important Social Studies Words You Need to Know



___ celebration

___ colony

___ event

___ future

___ heroism

___ legend

___ liberty

___ modern

___ nation

___ past

___ present

___ symbol

___ Thanksgiving

___ timeline

___ tradition


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

symbol—A picture or a thing that stands for an idea.


1. A flag is a symbol. Describe a flag. Tell what it stands for.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Look at a coin or a bill of paper money. Name a symbol you see. Tell what you think it stands for.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Draw a picture of another symbol you have seen. Write about what it is and what it stands for.

4. Write a sentence with the word symbol.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

legend—A story first told long ago.


1. A legend may be based on real people from long ago. For example, many legends are told about George Washington. Tell how a legend about George Washington is different from a book of information about him.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. A legend and a fairy tale are both types of stories. Name one difference between a legend and a fairy tale.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look at the picture. Write a sentence to tell about the book.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

4. Write a sentence with the word legend.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

past—Times that have gone by.

present—Times we are living in.

Read each sentence. Does it tell about the past or the present? Circle the answer.

1. People use horses to travel from one town to another.

past present

2. People get meat only by hunting wild animals.

past present

3. People buy food in supermarkets.

past present

4. Travelers drive cars to the nearest airport.

past present

5. Young children work on farms or in factories.

past present

6. People use computers to get information.

past present


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

event—Something that happens.

future—Times that have not happened yet.

modern—Of the present time.

timeline—A line that shows events in order of time.


1. Nobody knows what will happen in the _______________________.

2. The _______________________ shows the years 1850 through 1860.

3. We live in _______________________ times.

4. The present comes between the past and the ______________________.

5. The battle was a famous _______________________ in history.

6. Look at the example. Then, make a timeline of important events in your life.

20232000

Born, 2002

Moved to Ohio, 2005

Started school, 2007

20232000


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

heroism—The actions of a hero, or brave person.

liberty—Freedom.

nation—A country.


1. The United States is a _______________________.

2. People want the _______________________ to live where they want.

3. The soldier received a medal for _______________________.

4. People show _______________________ when they risk their lives to help others.

5. Every _______________________ has its own flag.

6. We can speak and act freely because we have

_______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. An act of heroism is an everyday event.

2. Africa is a nation.

3. A nation may fight for liberty.

4. Canada and Mexico are nations.

5. The Statue of Heroism welcomes people to the United States.

heroism liberty nation


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


In the United States, many families get together for a celebration in November. It is the holiday of Thanksgiving. Americans remember the little colony of the first English people. The English people held a feast in autumn of 1621. They wanted to give thanks for their harvest. It is a tradition for many families to gather for their own feasts on that day.


1. _______________________ A holiday of feasting and giving thanks.

2. _______________________ A group of people from one land who live and work together in a new land.

3. _______________________ A set of practices and beliefs that are passed down between families or cultures.

4. _______________________ A way to remember a special and happy event.


_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words


1. A ___ shows dates and events. k celebration l symbol m timeline

2. The ___ comes after the present. u future v modern w past

3. The first airplane flight was an important ___.

r symbol s event t legend

4. A Thanksgiving feast is a ___ for many families.

e tradition f colony g timeline

5. We use ___ machines. s timeline t future u modern

6. The colonies won their ___ and became a nation.

k heroism l celebration m liberty

Write the circled letters in order. You will find the name of a place to learn about history.

_______________________


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Crossword Puzzle


1 2

3 4

5

6

7

8

ACROSS 1 Times that have gone by 6 A line that shows events in order of time 7 Something that happens 8 A story first told long ago

DOWN 2 A picture or a thing that stands for an idea 3 Beliefs or customs handed down from families 4 Times we are living in 5 Times that have not happened yet

event

future

legend

past

present

symbol

timeline

tradition


Name ___________________________________


Important Geography Words You Need to Know



___ climate

___ coast

___ desert

___ direction

___ east

___ equator

___ globe

___ grid

___ gulf

___ hemisphere

___ island

___ landform

___ location

___ map key

___ mountain

___ north

___ ocean

___ route

___ rural

___ south

___ urban

___ west


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

globe—Earth shown on a ball.


1. Name two ways that a globe is like the real Earth.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Tell what you would use a globe for.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look at the picture. Add labels to tell about what is shown.

4. Read the sentence below. Use your own words to tell what it means.

The travelers visited cities throughout the globe.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

location—Where on Earth a place is found.


1. When you locate something, you find its location. Name two ways to find a location.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Name the location of your school.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look at the map. Find the four corners where Fifth Street and Montrose Avenue meet. Draw a star to show that location.

Sixth Street

Fifth Street

Fourth Street

Third Street

Will

iam

s A

ven

ue

Mo

ntr

ose

Ave

nu

e

Ro

ma

n A

ven

ue

4. Write a sentence with the word location.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

rural—Having to do with country life.

urban—Having to do with city life.

Read each sentence. Does it tell about rural or urban life? Circle the answer.

1. Cows are eating grass in a field.

rural urban

2. A road passes through a forest.

rural urban

3. Cars, trucks, and buses fill the streets.

rural urban

4. People live in apartment buildings.

rural urban

5. Corn is growing everywhere you look.

rural urban

6. There are many stores and businesses.

rural urban


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

grid—Lines that cross a map to help readers find a location.

map key—The key to the symbols on a map.

route—The path from one location to another.


1. This bus takes a _______________________ down Third Avenue.

2. A map of the city has green squares on it. The _______________________ shows that a green square stands for a park.

3. The picture below shows a _______________________.

1 2 3 4

A

B

C

D

4. We marked the road map to show the _______________________ we would take from Texas to California.

5. A _______________________ is like a list of pictures and their meanings.

6. Look for Florence Street at E–10 on the _______________________ of the map.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

climate—The usual weather conditions in a place.

desert—Dry, sandy land with few plants and little rainfall.

equator—The imaginary circle around Earth that is halfway between the North and South Poles.

hemisphere—A half of the earth.

landform—A natural feature of Earth’s surface.

mountain—Land with great height and steep sides that is higher than a hill.


1. The continent of Australia is in the southern _______________________.

2. The temperature is hotter in places near the _______________________.

3. A hill is an example of a _______________________.

4. The _______________________ in the North Pole is very cold.

5. A cactus is a plant you would find in the _______________________.

6. You can snow ski down a _______________________.


_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

coast—Land that meets a sea.

Gulf—A large area of ocean partly surrounded by land.

island—Land surrounded by water.

ocean—Any of the largest bodies of salt water on Earth.


1. An _______________________ is also called a sea.

2. People on the _______________________ take a ferry to reach the mainland.

3. Huge fishing boats sail into the _______________________ of Mexico.

4. Boats sail into the _______________________, where the water is calmer.

5. People who live along a _______________________ may enjoy going to a beach.

6. A small, rocky _______________________ lies off the shore.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

direction—The way in which something moves or points.

east—Toward the right side of a world map.

north—Toward the top of a world map.

south—Toward the bottom of a world map.

west—Toward the left side of a world map.


1. The sun seems to rise in the east and set in the _______________________.

2. Run your finger _______________________ to the top of a globe.

3. In which _______________________ would we travel to reach Mexico?

4. If I point left to show north, then _______________________ is to my right.

5. Most US states are _______________________ of California.

6. Walk north and then turn right to go _______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words


1. A mountaintop has a cool ___. f urban g climate h coast

2. A ___ may cover a map. l grid m map key n location

3. Water surrounds the ___. m map key n gulf o island

4. Too much traffic is one ___ problem.

a rural b urban c landform

5. Every ocean beach is along a ___.

a coast b grid c hemisphere

6. Mark a ___ on a map. j globe k rural l route

Write the circled letters in order. You will find a word that means “all over the world.”

_______________________


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Crossword Puzzle


1 2

3

4 5

6

7

ACROSS 1 Land surrounded by water 4 Having to do with city life 6 Land that meets the sea 7 An imaginary circle around Earth

DOWN 2 Where something can be found 3 The path from one location to another 5 Having to do with country life

coast equator island location route rural urban


Name ___________________________________


Important Civics and Economics Words You Need to Know



___ buyer

___ citizen

___ elect

___ election

___ goods

___ govern

___ government

___ governor

___ honesty

___ justice

___ law

___ mayor

___ need

___ president

___ price

___ product

___ purchase

___ responsibility

___ right

___ seller

___ service

___ state

___ tax

___ vote

___ want


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

honesty—The quality of being fair and truthful.


1. You can trust a person who has honesty. Tell why.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Anna borrowed her friend’s doll. She left the doll outside. When she went outside, it was gone. What should Anna say to show honesty?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look at the pictures. Label one picture with the word honesty. Label the other picture with a word that means the opposite of honesty.

4. Read the sentence below. Use your own words to tell what it means.

Sometimes, it is hard to show honesty.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

justice—Fair treatment for everyone.


1. Do you want a teacher to show justice? Tell why you think that.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Name one reason that a person might want justice.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look at the picture. It shows a symbol of justice. Tell why it is a good symbol.

4. Read the sentences below. Replace each underlined word with fair or fairness.

We act in a just way. We believe in justice for all.


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

need—Something that someone must have to live.

want—Something that someone would like to have.

Read the name of each thing. Is it a need or a want? Circle the answer.

1. fresh water for drinking

need want

2. the newest video game

need want

3. warm clothing for a cold winter

need want

4. chips and other snacks

need want

5. enough food for daily meals

need want

6. a house or other place to live

need want


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

goods—Things for sale.

service—Work that a person does for someone.

Read each sentence. Does it tell about goods or a service? Circle the answer.

1. My dentist cleaned my teeth.

goods service

2. I bought a gallon of milk.

goods service

3. I got a haircut at Bill’s Barbershop.

goods service

4. I love the fresh rolls at the bakery.

goods service

5. How much did my sneakers cost?

goods service

6. Ms. Wagner taught me to read.

goods service


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

right—The freedom to do something.

responsibility—An action that someone must take.

Write right or responsibility to complete each sentence.

1. Students have the _______________________ to go to school. It is their

_______________________ to try their best to learn.

2. Americans have the _______________________ to live where they wish.

They have the _______________________ to be good neighbors.

3. Every child has the _______________________ to follow the rules

on the playground. If children do not behave safely, their

_______________________ to use the public playground could be

taken away.

4. It is my _______________________ to speak up truthfully when I have an

opinion. It is my _______________________ to respect the opinions and

feelings of others.

5. It is my _______________________ to treat other children and adults with

respect. In return, I have the _______________________ to expect fair and

equal treatment.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

citizen—A person born in a country or a person who becomes a member of that country.

elect—To choose someone by voting.

election—An event at which people vote for someone.

law—A rule that everyone must follow.

vote—To make a choice.


1. Every adult _______________________ has the right to vote.

2. Americans will choose their leaders in the next _______________________.

3. Stop at a red traffic light. That is the _______________________!

4. Our class will _______________________ to choose a place for a field trip.

5. Citizens _______________________ the people who will pass laws.

6. Sometimes, we raise our hands to _______________________ for something.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

Read the paragraphs. Think about the meaning of each bold word. Use the Student Dictionary to help you.

Voters in our city have elected Linda Jung as our new mayor. Jung has said, “Citizens must trust their government. And, I promise to govern wisely and fairly.”

Citizens will soon vote for the next governor of our state. The president plans to visit our state to tell voters to reelect Governor Katz.


1. _______________________ To lead a a city, a state, or country.

2. _______________________ A group that makes laws and sees that they are obeyed.

3. _______________________ The leader of a state’s government.

4. _______________________ The leader of a city’s government.

5. _______________________ The leader of a country’s government.

6. _______________________ An area that makes up part of a country and has its own government.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. The leader of a state is a mayor.

2. The leader of a country is a governor.

3. Voters elect the people who will govern them.

4. There are 50 mayors in the United States.

5. The governor of the United States is based in Washington, DC.

6. The president is the head of the US government.

govern government governor mayor president state


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

buyer—Someone who buys something with money.

price—How much money something costs.

product—A thing that is made to sell.

purchase—To pay money for.

seller—A person or a store with something for sale.

tax—Money paid to the government.


1. My sister paid a high _______________________ for her new shoes.

2. The state government collects a sales _______________________.

3. Sam’s Sports Shop is a _______________________ of hockey skates.

4. What would you _______________________ with $100?

5. Mom is looking for a _______________________ who wants a used bike.

6. A car, a banana, or a chair is a _______________________ that people buy and sell.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. Workers pay a product to the government.

2. The tax on a new video game is $2.50.

3. A factory could make a product.

4. If you purchase a product, you are a seller.

5. Most sellers like lower prices.

6. A seller and a buyer could agree on a price for a product.

buyer price product purchase seller tax


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words


1. We want honesty and ___. l election m taxes n justice

2. Buyers ___ goods and services. a purchase b sellers c product

3. A ___ leads a state. t governor u mayor v citizen

4. Voting is a citizen’s ___. h government i right j president

5. Doctors and teachers give ___. m goods n products o services

6. Everyone has wants and ___. l prices m taxes n needs

Write the circled letters in order. You will find a word that completes the sentence.

The president governs the _______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Crossword Puzzle


1

2

3 4

5

6

7

8

ACROSS 3 The leader of a country 5 A rule that everyone must follow 7 Giving a haircut is one of these 8 The freedom to do something

DOWN 1 The leader of a state 2 Fair treatment 4 To choose someone by voting 6 Things you cannot live without

elect governor justice law needs president right service


Name ___________________________________


Important Art Words You Need to Know



___ actor

___ balance

___ band

___ cast

___ colorful

___ compose

___ costume

___ dancer

___ director

___ guitar

___ instrument

___ musician

___ note

___ pattern

___ pluck

___ pottery

___ realistic

___ rehearse

___ scenery

___ sculpture

___ solo

___ stage

___ stretch

___ strum

___ twirl


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

pattern—A design (lines, colors, or shapes that repeat).


1. A shirt might have a pattern of stripes on it. Name another pattern that you can see on clothing.

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Circle the things that have patterns.

wallpaper snowflakes blue sky a rug a glass of milk

3. Draw a pattern using lines and dots. Write a few words to describe the pattern.

4. Complete the sentence with your own idea.

People like to look at patterns because ______________________________

____________________________________________________________________ .


Name ___________________________________


Explore a Word

realistic—In a way that seems real.


1. Nina drew a realistic picture of a tree. Name three or four details that made it realistic.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. A realistic painting is different from a painting that is not realistic. Write the main difference.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Look at the pictures. Circle the one that is realistic.

4. Write a sentence about something you might draw. Use the word realistic.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Name ___________________________________


Compare Words

pottery—Containers made by hand from clay.

sculpture—Works of art made from clay, wood, stone, or metal.

Write pottery or sculpture to complete each sentence.

1. A stone statue is a _______________________. A clay bowl is

_______________________.

2. An artist carves wood to make a _______________________. An artist spins

a wheel to shape clay into _______________________.

3. Glue toothpicks together to make a _______________________

like a tower. Paint a coating on the clay bowl to make

_______________________ that shines like glass.

4. This vase holds flowers. The vase was made from clay that was

shaped and baked. It is a kind of _______________________. This

_______________________ was also made from baked clay. It has the

shape of a flower.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

band—A group that plays music.

compose—To write something, especially music.

instrument—An object used to make music.

musician—A person who plays music.


1. A drum is an _______________________.

2. The music teacher will _______________________ a song for us to sing.

3. The _______________________ tapped her foot as she played.

4. A piano is a large _______________________.

5. Owen plays the trumpet in the marching _______________________.

6. A _______________________ plays an instrument.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. A horn and a flute are both bands.

2. The musician blew into the compose.

3. Bands play in musicians.

4. A band is an instrument.

5. A musician could compose a song.

band compose instrument musician


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


Pedro is learning to play the guitar. He started by learning to pluck one string at a time. Each string played one note. Now, Pedro can play a song. He can strum the six strings with one hand and sing a solo.


1. _______________________ A sound made by a singer or an instrument.

2. _______________________ A piece of music for one singer or one musician.

3. _______________________ An instrument with strings that a musician strums or plucks.

4. _______________________ To play a stringed instrument by passing the fingers over the strings.

5. _______________________ To play a stringed instrument with quick pulls of the strings.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


Look at that dancer! Her costume has colorful ribbons on it. They twirl around her as she spins. The dancer can balance on one foot. She can stretch her other foot high into the air. Would you like to dance like her?


1. _______________________ To turn around very fast.

2. _______________________ A person who dances.

3. _______________________ Clothes worn by an actor or a dancer.

4. _______________________ To hold the body in place without falling.

5. _______________________ Having bright colors.

6. _______________________ To push out an arm, a leg, or another body part as far as it can go.


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections


1. Hold your arms by your sides to stretch them.

2. Stand very still to twirl on one foot.

3. A costume is something to eat.

4. When you balance, you fall.

5. A black costume is colorful.

6. Dancers twirl and leap to music.

balance colorful costume dancer stretch twirl


Name ___________________________________


Make Connections

actor—A person who has a part in a play or a movie.

cast—All of the actors in a play or a movie.

director—A person in charge of the actors and the action in a play or a movie.

rehearse—To practice a play before performing it for an audience.

scenery—The painted background on a stage.

stage—The raised area where actors perform a play.

Write a vocabulary word on each blank to complete the paragraphs.

Mr. Garcia has planned every scene of the play. He is the

(1.) _______________________. Mr. Garcia has helped each

(2.) _______________________ speak with feeling. He has shown the actors

how to move across the (3.) _______________________. Five actors are in the (4.)

_______________________. They have practiced their parts for weeks. Painters

and builders have made the (5.) _______________________.

The actors put on their costumes. They (6.) _______________________ the

play for the last time. Tonight, they will perform for an audience.


Name ___________________________________


Play with Words

Code Words

Choose the word or words that comlete each sentence. Circle the letter.

1. Who ___ that piece of music? a composed b patterned c stretched

2. A hat might be part of a ___. r costume s scenery t pottery

3. A ___ is like a leader. s dancer t director u sculpture

4. Guitars are ___. h musicians i instruments j strums

5. A play has scenery and a ___. q commercial r note s cast

6. A ___ is sung alone. r rehearse s balance t solo

Write the circled letters in order. You will find a word that completes the sentence.

A painter, a musician, an actor, or a dancer is an ______________________.


Name ___________________________________


Play With Words

Crossword Puzzle


1 2

3

4

5

6

ACROSS 2 To practice a play before performing it for an audience 3 A design (lines, colors, or shapes that repeat) 5 An object used to make music 6 To write something, especially music

DOWN 1 Art made from clay, wood, stone, or metal 2 In a way that seems real 4 A person who has a part in a play or a movie

actor compose instrument pattern realistic rehearse sculpture



Game Ideas and Suggestions

Use games and activities to help students better hear, see, and remember content-area vocabulary words. The suggestions on these pages can be used with the words in this book and with any other vocabulary words that students are learning.

Charades Choose about 10 vocabulary words. Write the words on slips of paper and display them. Give students time to think about the words before removing the slips. Then, divide the class into two teams. One team member chooses a slip, holds up fingers to indicate the number of syllables, and pantomimes the word. Teammates try to guess the word within a certain time limit.

Word ArtHelp students select vocabulary words to depict as art. Encourage them to use letter shapes and arrangements to indicate what the words mean. Prompt students with questions such as “How might you arrange the letters of the word sphere?”, or “What might happen to the letters in the word magnetic?”

Vocabulary Word-O Reproduce and distribute the Vocabulary Word-O game card on page 111 to each student. Write 20 vocabulary words on slips of paper and display them. Have each student choose 9 words to write on his or her card. Shuffle the slips and choose one slip at a time. Instead of reading the word aloud, offer two clues about it. For example, for the word location, you might start with the content area: “This is a geography word.” Then, use a strong context sentence with “blank” for the word: “The ‘blank’ of our school is on Third Street between Maple Avenue and Oak Street.” Students should check off the word if it is on their grids. The first student to complete three across, down, or diagonally says “Word-O” and reads aloud the three words.

Acrostic PoemHave students write the letters of a vocabulary word in a column. Help them tell about the word in a poem in which each line begins with a listed letter. Here is an example for the word vote:

Valuable rightOur chance to have a sayTime to chooseElect the best person

Card PairsUse index cards cut in half to prepare a deck of 52 cards. Write 26 vocabulary words and 26 synonyms or short definitions on the cards. The cards can be used in a variety of games such as Memory or Concentration. Here is one suggestion to get you started:

• Go Fish! for 2 to 5 Players



Game Ideas and Suggestions

• Each player is dealt five cards. Remaining cards are placed facedown in a pile.

• The player to the right of the dealer starts by setting aside any pairs. Then, she asks the player on the right for a card needed to make a pair. “Do you have musician?”, or “Do you have the meaning of musician?”

• If the holder has the requested card, he or she hands it over. If the holder does not have it, the player must “go fish” and draw the top card from the pile. If the player cannot make a match, the next player takes a turn.

• The winner is the first player with no cards in hand or the player with the most pairs after all cards have been drawn.

Word HuntEmphasize that vocabulary words appear in print and online in a variety of informational resources. As you come across a vocabulary word—in a headline, a news article, an advertisement, or another resource—save the printed source or make a printout. Challenge students to read the text with you and identify the vocabulary word. Discuss what the word means in the provided context.

Dictionary GuessHave one student randomly choose a word from the Student Dictionary and read the definition aloud to the class. Partners or small groups then try to write the vocabulary word that matches the definition. Continue until each student has had a chance to choose a word and read its definition aloud. Award a point for each correct word.

Racetrack GamesHave students design their own racetrack board games or make one from a template you provide, such as the template on page 112. Here is one way to use the template:

• Select 20 vocabulary words for students to write in the spaces.

• Make a small cardboard spinner by drawing a circle divided into three sections labeled 1, 2, and 3. The “spinner” can be a paper clip attached to a paper fastener.

• Provide small objects for students to use as markers.

• Each player spins, and the player with the highest number goes first.

• A player spins and moves the marker the number of spaces shown. The player must say the word on the space and demonstrate knowledge of it by giving its definition or using it in a good context sentence.

• Players may use a dictionary to check the player’s response. A player who is not correct loses a turn.

• The first player to reach the finish line wins.



WO

RDO

!



Sta

rt

Fini

sh


Name ___________________________________


Student Dictionary

Math Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114 –115

Science and Health Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116 –117

Technology Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Language Arts Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119 –120

History Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Geography Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Civics and Economics Words. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Art Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124



Important Math Words I Need to Knowbar graph (bar graf) noun A chart that

uses bars to stand for amounts.base-ten system (bas ten SI stem) noun A

number system that uses ten digits, 0–9.cent (sent) noun One penny, written as 1¢,

or $0.01.centimeter (SEN ti me tur) noun A metric

measure of length. One hundred centimeters equals one meter.

column (KO luhm) noun It goes up and down vertically. I placed all of the numbers in one column.

cube (kyoob) noun A shape made of six squares put together. Put an ice cube in the glass.

customary system (KU stuh mar e SI stim) noun A system of measurement commonly used in the United States.

difference (DIF rins) noun The answer after subtracting. Subtract 4 from 10 to get a difference of 6.

dime (dim) noun A coin worth ten cents, written as 10¢, or $0.10.

dollar (DOL lur) noun Paper money worth 100 cents, written as $1.00.

estimate (ES tuh mayt) verb To tell about how many. noun A good guess about how much or how many.

even number (E vun NUM bur) noun A number that can make pairs. The numbers 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 are even numbers.

expanded notation (ik SPAND ed no TA shun) noun A way to write a number to show the value of each digit.

foot (foot) noun a customary unit of length. Twelve inches equals one foot.

halves (havz) plural noun The plural of half. Two halves equal one whole.

hexagon (HEK se gon) noun A f lat, closed figure with six straight sides.

hundreds place (HUN dridz pleis) noun The numeral (as 8 in 856) three to the left of the decimal point.

inch (inch) noun A customary unit of length equal to one-twelfth of a foot. Twelve inches equals one foot.

measure (MEZH ur) verb To find out how long, big, or heavy something is. Use a ruler to measure length in inches.

meter (ME tur) noun The basic unit of length of the metric system. One hundred centimeters equals one meter.

metric system (ME trik SI stim) noun A decimal system of measurement.

minus (MY nus) noun The word for the (–) sign preposition Made less.

nickel (NIK ul) noun A coin worth five cents, written as 5¢ or $0.05.

odd number (od NUM bur) noun A number that cannot make pairs. The numbers 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 are odd numbers.

one-fourth (WUN forth) noun One of four equal parts. I ate one-fourth of the pizza.

one-half (WUN haf) noun One of two equal parts. I gave my brother one-half of my apple.

one-third (WUN thurd) noun One of three equal parts. I have completed one-third of my homework.

ones place (wunz DI jit) noun The numeral (as 6 in 456) one to the left of the decimal point.

partition (par TI shun) verb To separate into sections.



Important Math Words I Need to Knowpentagon (PEN tuh gon) noun A f lat,

closed figure with five straight sides. picture graph (PIK cher graf) noun A chart

that uses pictures to stand for amounts. place value (PLAS val u) noun The value

of where the digit is in the number, such as hundreds, tens, and ones.

quarter (KWOR tur) noun A coin worth 25 cents, written as 25¢ or $0.25.

regroup (ree GROOP) verb To show the same number in a different way by trading ones and tens, tens and hundreds,

and so on. One way to regroup 35 is to change 3 tens to 2 tens and 10 ones.

row (ro) noun It goes across horizontally in a straight line. We all sat in one row at the movie theater.

sphere (sfeer) noun The shape of a ball. subtract (sub TRAKT) verb To take away

one number from another. Subtract 20 from 30 to get 10.

tens place (tens DI jit) noun The numeral (as 5 in 359) in the tens place.

Vocabulary Notes

_________________________________________________________________________

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_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________



Important Science Words I Need to Knowamphibian (am FIB ee un) noun A frog,

a toad, a salamander, or another animal that has smooth skin and lives where it is wet or moist. Amphibians spend the first part of their lives in water. They get air from the water through gills.

attract (uh TRAKT) verb To pull things closer. A magnet attracts iron.

breathe (breeth) verb To take in air and blow it out. We breathe air into our lungs.

conclusion (ken KLOO zhen) noun An ending, result, or outcome. After the experiment, I came to the conclusion that oil is heavier than water.

constellation (kon stuh LAY shun) noun A group of stars seen from the Earth. People have always named constellations after animals and other things formed by connecting imaginary lines between the stars.

consumer (ken SOO mer) noun A living thing that depends on others for food. An animal is a consumer.

data (DA tuh) noun Facts or information collected to learn about something. The weather data showed that we had more rain this month than last month.

experiment (ik SPE re ment) noun A test in which you observe actions and their effects to learn something. I had to measure liquid for my science experiment.

f lower (FLOU ur) noun The male and female parts of a plant. The f lower makes seeds that grow into new plants.

fruit (froot) noun The part of a plant that holds the seeds.

heart (hart) noun The organ in the chest with muscles that pump blood throughout the body.

hypothesis (hi PO thuh sis) noun A guess or prediction based on what you already know.

investigation (in VE sti GA shun) noun To find out about something in detail. My friends and I enjoyed our investigation of the old pirate ship.

larva (LAR vuh) noun The form of an insect just after hatching. A larva usually looks like a worm. The name for more than one larva is larvae (LAR vee).

life cycle (life SY kul) noun The changes in any living thing from its start to its adult form. Fish, birds, and many other animals lay eggs. An egg is the first stage of an animal’s life cycle.

lung (lung) noun One of a pair of organs in the chest that help the body take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide.

magnetic (mag NET ik) adjective 1. Able to stick to a magnet. 2. Having the quality of a magnet.

magnify (MAG nih fy) verb To make something seem larger. A telescope and binoculars are tools that magnify objects.

mammal (MAM ul) noun An animal with hair on its skin. A mother mammal feeds her young with milk from her body.

mass (mas) noun How much there is of an object. The mass of a book is greater than the mass of a feather.

matter (MA ter) noun Anything that has mass and takes up space. Solids, liquids and gases are all properties of matter.



Important Science Words I Need to Knowmoon (moon) noun A natural object in

space that travels around a planet. Earth has only one moon, but other planets have many moons.

muscle (MUS ul) noun A tissue in the body that can squeeze and relax again and again. The bones move because they are pulled by muscles.

observe (uhb ZURV) verb To watch something closely to get information. I want to observe the birds in their natural habitat.

offspring (AWF spring) noun The young of animals. The offspring of birds depend on their parents for food.

oxygen (OK sih jin) noun A gas in the air. People need oxygen to live.

planet (PLAN it) noun An object in space that travels around a star. Earth and Jupiter are two of the planets that travel around the sun.

pole (pol) noun The north or south end of a magnet.

producer (pro DOO ser) noun An organism that makes its own food. A plant is a producer.

pump (pump) verb To force a gas or a liquid to move. The heart pumps blood. noun Something that pumps. The heart is a pump.

pupa (PYOO puh) noun The stage in an insect’s life when it is inside a cocoon or other case. A pupa appears to be at rest and does not eat.

repel (rih PEL) verb To push things away. Like poles of a magnet repel each other.

reptile (REP tile) noun A snake, an alligator, a turtle, or another animal with an outer

covering of scales or plates. Some reptiles live in water, but all breathe air.

root (root) noun The part of a plant that is underground. Roots collect water from the soil and bring it to plants.

scientific inquiry (SI un TI fik in KWI re) noun A question about science. Our experiment began with a scientific inquiry about weather.

scientist (SI en tist) noun A person who is trained to solve scientific problems.

seedling (SEED ling) noun A plant that has begun to grow from a seed. A seedling sprouted from the ground.

soil (soil) noun The tiny pieces of rock, rotting material, and living things that make up the top layer of Earth.

solar system (SOH lur SIS tim) noun The sun and all of the bodies that travel around it. Planets and their moons are some of the bodies in our solar system.

sprout (sprowt) verb To start to grow from a seed or to start to grow buds.

stem noun The long main part of a plant. Buds grow from the stem.

trait (trayt) noun A body feature or a behavior. Two traits of that dog are long fur and a friendly manner.



Important Technology Words I Need to Knowcommunication (kuh MYOON ih kay

shun) noun Sending and receiving messages. The phone and the radio are two machines used for communication.

construction (kun STRUK shun) noun The process of building something. Stone, steel, and wood are some materials used in construction.

cursor (KUR sur) noun The blinking bar on the computer screen that marks the place to type.

delete (dih LEET) verb To get rid of text or pictures in a computer file.

desktop (desk top) noun The display on a computer screen of a background and small pictures of programs and files.

digit (DIJ it) noun Any of the numbers 1 to 9, usually including 0.

dollar (DOLL er) noun A coin or a bill representing 100 cents (US, Canada).

file noun Information that is stored under a single name. Computer files are inside folders.

font (font) noun A style of type. I have many different kinds of fonts on my computer.

graphic (GRA fik) noun A picture or a diagram used as an illustration. Our group used a graphic organizer to explain our report.

hardware (HARD weir) noun The parts of a computer system. The monitor, the keyboard, and the printer are hardware.

image (I mij) noun Something made to look like a person or a thing. The statue was the image of George Washington.

insert (in SURT) verb To add text or pictures at a particular point on a page

displayed on a computer screen.keyboard (KE bord) noun The part of the

computer with rows of keys that allow you to type.

manufacture (man yuh FAK chur) verb To make things in a factory.

monitor (MON ih tur) noun The part of a computer that has a screen.

mouse (maus) noun A small device used to control the cursor on a computer.

multimedia (MUL te ME de uh) adjective Combining more than one form of communication such as sound, video, and photos.

personal computer (PUR sa nul kum PU ter) noun A small computer used by one person or a few people. My sister let me borrow her personal computer to type my report.

presentation (PRE zen TA shun) noun The act of presenting something to explain or show. We enjoyed the presentation on dinosaurs at the museum.

problem (PROB lum) noun Something that needs to be solved.

scroll (skrohl) verb To make text and pictures move up, down, left, or right on a computer screen.

software (SAWFT weir) noun The programs that run on a computer.

solution (suh LOO shun) noun A way to solve a problem. Machines make work easier and are solutions to many problems.

transportation (trans por TAY shun) noun Moving people and things from one place to another. Ships are used for water transportation.



Important Language Arts Words I Need to Knowadjective (A juk tiv) noun A word to

describe a noun or a pronoun. Fast is an adjective that could describe a sportscar.

antonym (AN tuh nim) noun A word with the opposite meaning of another word. Tiny is an antonym for huge.

author (AW thur) noun Someone who writes a story, an article, or a book.

capitalize (KAP it uh lize) verb To begin a word with an uppercase, or capital, letter. Capitalize the first word in a sentence.

cause-effect (KAWZ uh FEKT) noun The connection between an event and the reason for it. The effect is what happens, and the cause is why it happens.

chapter (CHAP tur) noun A section of a book. The chapters in a book are numbered.

character (KAH rik tur) noun A person or an animal in a story.

compound word (KOM pound wurd) noun A word made of two smaller words. The words baseball, sidewalk, and everyone are compound words.

comprehension (kom pruh HEN shun) noun The act of understanding something. Mia did poorly on her comprehension test because she did not understand all of the words in the book.

consonant (KON suh nint) noun A letter or a sound that is not a vowel. The consonant letters are b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, and y.

contraction (kun TRAK shun) noun A word made by shortening two words. An apostrophe (’) stands for one or

more missing letters. In the contraction don’t, the apostrophe stands for the missing letter o in do not.

detail (DE tayl) noun A piece of information. Add details to make your description clear and interesting.

dictionary (DIK shuh na re) noun A book that lists the meanings, spellings, and pronunciations of words.

exclamation point (eks kluh MAY shun point) noun The mark at the end of a sentence that shows strong feeling. This sentence ends with an exclamation point!

explanatory (ik SPLA na to re) adjective To clarify or explain. The book has explanatory notes on the last page.

f luency (FLOO en cee) adjective Able to read easily and with expression. Ben read the poem with great f luency.

glossary (GLAW suh re) noun A list of words and their meanings, usually at the end of a book.

heading (HED ing) noun A title for a section of information. This chapter on snakes has several headings, including “How Snakes Shed Their Skin.”

illustrator (IL uh stray tur) noun Someone who draws pictures for a story, an article, or a book.

informative (in FOR muh tiv) adjective Providing information or knowledge. My teacher read an informative article on whales to the class.

main idea (mayn ie DEE uh) noun The most important idea about the topic of a paragraph or a section.



Important Language Arts Words I Need to Knownarrative (NA ruh tiv) noun A story, a

description, or an account of events. He wrote a narrative of his life story.

opinion (uh PIN yen) noun What a person thinks about something or someone. What is your opinion on spiders?

paragraph (PAR uh graf) noun A group of sentences about one main idea. A paragraph begins on a new line. The first word of a paragraph is indented; it begins with blank space.

period (PEER ee ud) noun The dot that marks the end of a sentence. This sentence ends with a period.

phonics (FON iks) noun The connections between letters and their sounds.

play (pla) noun A story that actors perform. poem (POH im) noun A piece of writing

set out in lines. A poem is meant to be read aloud. The lines have a beat, and words may rhyme.

prediction (prih DIK shun) noun A good guess about what will happen next in a story or what a book will be about.

prefix (PRE fiks) noun A word part with its own meaning and added to the beginning of a word. The word repaint means to paint again.

punctuation (pungk choo A shun) noun The use of question marks, commas, periods, and other marks in writing to help make the meaning clear. Make sure to check your writing for spelling and punctuation before you turn it in.

question mark (KWES chun mark) verb The mark at the end of a sentence that shows a question. Does this sentence end with a question mark?

rhyme (rime) verb To have the same ending sounds. The words blue, too, and shoe rhyme. noun The same ending sounds.

sentence (SEN tins) noun A group of words that show a complete thought. A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period or other end mark.

setting (SET ing) noun Where and when a story takes place.

strategy (STRAT uh jee) noun Steps to take to read with understanding. If you come to a word you do not know, one strategy is to read the sentence again and look for clues to word meaning.

suffix (SU fiks) noun A word part with its own meaning and is added to the end of a word. The word beautiful means full of beauty.

summary (SUM uh ree) noun A shortened form of a story or an article. A summary gives only the most important ideas and information.

syllable (SIL uh bul) noun A word or a part of a word with only one vowel sound. The word ham has one syllable, hammer has two syllables, and hammering has three syllables.

synonym (SI nuh nim) noun A word with the same meaning as another word. Start is a synonym for begin.

table of contents (TAY bul uv KON tents) noun A list of the chapters in a book.

vowels (VOU ul) plural noun The letters a, e, i, o, u and their sounds. The letter y is used as a vowel in words such as silly, gym, and cry.



Important History Words I Need to Knowcelebration (sel uh BRAY shun) noun

A kind of party held to remember a special event. The Fourth of July is a celebration with picnics and fireworks.

colony (KOL uh nee) noun A group of people from one land who live and work together in a new land.

event (ih VENT) noun Something that happens. The storm was a terrible event for the city.

future (FYOO chur) noun Times that have not happened yet.

heroism (HEHR oh iz um) noun The actions of a hero, or brave person.

legend (LEJ und) noun A story first told long ago. A legend is usually based on real people, events, or places, but most of the details are made up.

liberty (LIB ur tee) noun Freedom. modern (MOD urn) adjective Of the present

time. Computers are modern machines.nation (NAY shun) noun A country. The

United States is a nation of 50 states.

past (past) noun Times that have gone by.present (PREZ int) noun Times we are

living in. The present is the time after the past and before the future.

symbol (SIM bul) noun A picture or a thing that stands for an idea. A dove is a symbol of peace.

Thanksgiving (thangks GIV ing) noun The holiday of Thanksgiving Day, held in the United States on the fourth Thursday in November. The holiday recalls a historic event at Plymouth, Massachusetts, in the autumn of 1621. The Pilgrims who had survived a terrible winter feasted with Americans Indians and gave thanks for their blessings.

timeline (TIM lin) noun A line that shows events in order of time.

tradition (truh DI shun) noun A set of practices or beliefs that are passed down from families or cultures over many years. My family’s tradition is to serve a special meal on birthdays.

Vocabulary Notes

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Important Geography Words I Need to Knowclimate (KLI mit) noun The usual weather

conditions in a place. The climate in the North Pole is very cold.

coast (kohst) noun Land that meets a sea.desert (DE surt) noun Dry, sandy land

with few plants and little rainfall. You can find scorpions in the desert.

direction (dih REK shun) noun The way in which something moves or points.

east (eest) noun, adjective, adverb Toward the right side of a world map.

equator (e KWA ter) noun The imaginary circle around Earth that is halfway between the North and South Poles.

globe (glohb) noun A map of Earth shown on a ball.

grid (grid) noun Lines that cross a map to help readers find a location. Our house is at C–5 on the grid of our town map.

gulf (gulf) noun A large area of ocean partly surrounded by land.

hemisphere (HE mis fer) noun A half of Earth.

island (IE lind) noun Land surrounded by water.

landform (LAND form) noun A natural feature of Earth’s surface. A mountain

is an example of a landform.location (loh KAY shun) noun Where on

Earth a place is found. This map shows the location of Lake Boone.

map key (MAP ke) noun The key to the symbols on a map. The map key listed a slide to represent the park on the map.

mountain ( MOWN ten) noun Land with great height and steep sides that is higher than a hill.

north (north) noun, adjective, adverb Toward the top of a world map.

ocean (OH shun) noun Any of the largest bodies of salt water on Earth.

route (root) or (rout) noun The path from one location to another. The route from home to school goes by the playground.

rural (RUR ul) adjective Having to do with country life. This rural area has many farms.

south (sowth) noun, adjective, adverb Toward the bottom of a world map.

urban (UR bun) adjective Having to do with city life. This urban area has crowded streets.

west (west) noun, adjective, adverb Toward the left side of a world map.

Vocabulary Notes

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Important Civics and Economics Words I Need to Knowbuyer (BY ur) noun Someone who buys

something with money.citizen (SIT ih zin) noun A person born in

a country or who becomes a member of a country.

elect (ih LEKT) verb To choose someone by voting. We elected Gabe our class president.

election (ih LEK shun) noun An event at which people vote for someone. The United States holds an election for president every four years.

goods (goodz) plural noun Things for sale.govern (GUV urn) verb To lead a city, a

state, or a country.government (GUV urn mint) noun A group

that makes laws and sees that they are obeyed.

governor (GUV ur nur) noun The leader of a state’s government.

honesty (ON uh stee) noun The quality of being fair or truthful.

justice (JUS tis) noun Fair treatment according to laws or ideas of fairness.

law (law) noun A rule that everyone must follow.

mayor (MAY ur) noun The leader of a city’s government.

need (need) noun Something that a person must have to live. Food, clothing, and a home are basic needs.

president (PREZ ih dent) noun The leader of a country’s government.

price (prise) noun How much money something costs. The price of goods goes up and down.

product (PROD ukt) noun Something that is made or grown to sell.

purchase (PUR chis) verb To buy something.

responsibility (rih SPON suh bil uh tee) noun An action that someone must take. Everyone has the responsibility to obey laws.

rights (rites) plural noun Basic freedoms. We have the right to speak freely.

seller (SEL ur) noun Someone who sells a product or a service.

service (SUR vis) noun Work that a person does for someone. A bus driver provides a service.

state (stayt) noun An area that makes up part of a country and has its own government. Alaska and Texas are the two biggest states in the United States.

tax (taks) noun Money paid to the government.

vote (vot) verb To make a choice to decide who will win an election or to decide on an action.

want (wont) noun Something that a person would like to have. After we have paid for our needs, we might have money left to pay for our wants.



Important Art Words I Need to Knowactor (AK tur) noun A person who has a

part in a play or a movie.balance (BAL uns) verb To hold the body

in place without falling. Hold your arms out to help you balance on one foot.

band (band) noun A group that plays music. Some bands play rock music.

cast (kast) noun All of the actors in a play or a movie.

colorful (KUL ur ful) adjective Having bright colors. The clown has colorful clothes.

compose (kum POHZ) verb To write something, especially music.

costume (KOS toom) noun Clothes worn by an actor or a dancer. The children dressed in animal costumes for the play.

dancer (DAN sur) noun A person who dances.

director (dih REK tur) noun A person who directs, or takes charge of, the actors and the action in a play or a movie.

guitar (gih TAR) noun A musical instrument with strings and a long neck. It is played by strumming and plucking.

instrument (IN struh mint) noun An object used to make music. Guitars, drums, and f lutes are instruments.

musician (myoo ZISH un) noun Someone who plays or composes music.

note (noht) noun A sound made by a singer or an instrument.

pattern (PAT urn) noun A design (lines, colors, or shapes that repeat.) Stripes, polka dots, and checks are a few patterns in clothing.

pluck (pluk) verb To play a stringed instrument with quick pulls of the

strings. The musician plucked one string of the violin.

pottery (POT uh ree) noun Containers made by hand from clay.

realistic (ree uh LIS tik) adjective In a way that seems real. The artist painted a realistic scene of woods.

rehearse (rih HURS) verb To practice a play or music before performing for an audience.

scenery (SEE nuh ree) noun The painted background on a stage. The scenery in a play shows the audience where the action is taking place.

sculpture (SKULP chur) noun A work of art made from clay, wood, stone, or metal. The stone sculpture shows the head of a woman.

solo (SOH loh) noun A piece of music for one singer or one musician.

stage (stayj) noun The raised area where actors perform a play. The curtains opened to show the stage.

stretch (strech) verb To push out an arm, a leg, or other body part as far as it can go. You can stretch your body by reaching for the sky.

strum (strum) verb To play a stringed instrument by passing the fingers over the strings. The musician strummed his banjo and sang.

twirl (twurl) verb To turn around very fast. The dancer’s skirt lifted as she twirled.



Answer KeyPage 61. Rudy’s estimate is better. There are about 20 second graders in a class, not 100. 2. $6.00; 3. about 5 glasses left; 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 71. odd number; even number; 2. even number; odd number; 3. even number; odd number

Page 81. S; 2. cross out; 3. cross out; 4. cross out; 5. C; 6. S; 7. S; 8. C; 9. C; 10. cross out

Page 91. cross out; 2. P; 3. H; 4. cross out; 5. H; 6. P; 7. H; 8. H; 9. P; 10. cross out

Page 101. inches; 2. centimeters; 3. foot; 4. meter; 5. centimeter; 6. inch; 7. customary system; 8. metric system

Page 111. Nine children chose sliding. The picture graph shows 3 pictures for slide, and each one stands for 3 children. 2. Dylann kicked the ball the farthest. The bar graph shows that the bar for Dylan is the highest—35 feet. 3. Answers will vary but may include: Maybe someone marked the spot where the ball landed. Then, someone used a yardstick to measure the distance from the starting point.

Page 12Students’ corrections will vary. 1. Two nickels and a dime make $0.20. 2. checkmark; 3. Seventy-five dollars is written as $75.00. 4. A dime is worth more than a nickel. 5. Two quarters are the same as five dimes.

Page 131. 5 rows, 6 columns; 2. 7 rows, 10 columns; 3. 10 rows, 10 columns; 4. 7 rows, 7 columns; 5. Check students’ drawings.

Page 141-3. Check students’ drawings and shadings. 4. one-third; 5. one-fourth; 6. one-half; 7. Sentences will vary.

Page 151. minus; 2. subtract; 3. regroup; 4. minus; 5. subtract; 6. difference

Page 16 Students’ corrections will vary but may include: 1. Regroup 1 ten and 9 ones as 19 ones; 2. checkmark; 3. Subtract numbers to find the difference. 4. checkmark; 5. checkmark

Page 171. hundreds; 2. ones; 3. tens; 4. expanded notation; 5. tens; 6. base-ten system; 7. place value; 8. digits

Page 18 Answers spell number.

Page 19Across: 3. pentagon; 4. centimeter; 5. row; 6. halves; Down: 1. hexagon; 2. fourths; 3. partition; 6. column

Page 21Answers will vary but may include: 1. Baby mammals are born alive, and baby birds hatch from eggs. 2. Mammals have hair, and fish have scales. 3. elephant, mouse; 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 221. feather, ant, grain of sand; Answers will vary but may include: 2. Use binoculars; 3. The lines in the leaf are magnified; 4. I would magnify a strand of hair to see what it looks like up close.

Page 23Answers will vary but may include: 1. producer, because it gets nutrients through its roots and leaves; 2. consumer, because it eats worms; 3. consumer, because it drinks nectar; 4. producer, because the leaves provide energy; 5. consumer, because humans eat meat, vegetables, and fruits to survive.

Page 241. mass; 2. mass; 3. matter; 4. matter; 5. matter; 6. mass

Page 251. reptile; 2. amphibian; 3. amphibian; 4. reptile; 5. reptile; 6. reptile

Page 261. flower; 2. fruit; 3. fruit; 4. flower; 5. flower; 6. fruit

Page 271. seedling; 2. stem; 3. roots; 4. root; 5. sprout; 6. soil

Page 281. larva; 2. offspring; 3. life cycle; 4. pupa; 5. traits

Page 291. attract; 2. magnetic; 3. pole; 4. repel; 5. magnetic; 6. attract

Page 301. planet; 2. moon; 3. constellation; 4. solar system; 5. Sentences will vary.

Page 311. oxygen; 2. breathe; 3. pumps; 4. muscles; 5. heart; 6. lungs

Page 321. muscles; 2. lungs; 3. oxygen; 4. breathe; 5. heart; 6. pump

Page 331. hypothesis; 2. scientific inquiry; 3. experiment; 4. observe; 5. conclusion; 6. scientist; 7. data; 8. investigation



Answer KeyPage 34Answers spell nature.

Page 35Across: 5. observe; 6. magnetic; 7. matter; Down: 1. attract; 2. producer; 3. heart; 4. moon

Page 37Answers will vary but may include: 1. monitor; keyboard; 2. to look up information for a report; to look up a business; to send email; 3. to always ask an adult before entering a website you are unfamiliar with; 4. looking up information on the Internet; 5. Sentences will vary.

Page 38Answers will vary but may include: 1. ball, cap; 2. wood, metal; 3. flowerpot (manufactured), plant (not manufactured); 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 391. problem, solution; 2. solution, problem; 3. problem, solution

Page 401. communication; 2. transportation; 3. communication; 4. construction; 5. construction; 6. transportation (or construction)

Page 41Students’ corrections will vary but may include: 1. checkmark; 2. Workers have different jobs in the construction of a building. 3. checkmark; 4. One form of communication is TV. 5. Freight trains are important in the transportation of food.

Page 421. file; 2. software; 3. hardware; 4. software; 5. file; 6. monitor; 7. Sentences will vary.

Page 431. presentation; 2. image; 3. graphic; 4. multimedia; 5. Sentences will vary.

Page 441. desktop; 2. cursor; 3. delete; 4. scroll; 5. insert

Page 451. personal computer; 2. keyboard; 3. font; 4. mouse; 5. Sentences will vary.

Page 46Answers spell laptop.

Page 47Across: 4. hardware; 6. solution; Down: 1. image; 2. graphic; 3. keyboard; 5. delete

Page 49Answers will vary but may include: 1. orange, pink, huge, tiny, round; 2. loud, clanging sound; prickly, tingling touch; spicy, peppery taste; fresh, sweet smell;

3. Drawings will vary. 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 50Answers will vary but may include: 1. Lightning strikes a tree. The tree burns to the ground. 2. Alexa’s belly hurts (effect). She ate too much ice cream (cause). 3. The car’s flat tire was caused by a nail in the street. 4. The snow melted (effect) because the sun came out (cause).

Page 51Compound Words: can not, some where, your self, fire wood, thunder storm; Contractions: do not, we are, you are, would not, they have

Page 521. illustrator 2. illustrator; 3. author; 4. author; 5. illustrator; 6. author

Page 531. antonym; 2. synonym; 3. antonym; 4. synonym; 5. synonym; 6. B; 7. A; 8. B; 9. B

Page 541. P; 2. S; 3. S; 4. S; 5. P; 6. P; 7. S; 8. P; 9. S; 10. P; 11. Answers will vary. 12. Answers will vary.

Page 551. table of contents; 2. rhyme; 3. play; 4. poem; 5. play; 6. chapter

Page 561. sentence; 2. exclamation point; 3. periods; 4. capitalize; 5. question mark; 6. capitalize; 7. Punctuation

Page 571. O; 2. E; 3. I; 4. N; 5. E; 6. N; 7. I; 8. O; 9. I; 10. N

Page 581. comprehension; 2. dictionary; 3. fluency; 4. comprehension; 5. glossary; 6. dictionary

Page 591. setting; 2. predictions; 3. strategy; 4. character; 5. Sentences will vary.

Page 601. paragraph; 2. main idea; 3. heading; 4. details; 5. summary

Page 611. keep; 2. time; 3. screamed; 4. The word cup begins with a c that sounds like k; 5. cat

Page 62Answers spell needle.

Page 63Across: 3. fluency; 4. opinion; 5. suffix; 6. antonym; 7. comprehension; Down: 1. informative; 2. prefix; 5. synonym



Answer KeyPage 65Answers will vary but may include: 1. The flag has red and white stripes. In one corner is a blue box with 50 white stars in it. The stars stand for the 50 states. The flag stands for the United States. 2. A symbol of an eagle is on the back of a one dollar bill. The eagle is the national bird of the United States. 3. Drawings will vary. 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 66Answers will vary but may include: 1. A legend about George Washington is a story about him that has been told through the years that cannot be proven. A book of information gives facts about his life. 2. In a fairy tale, magical things happen. A legend could be based on something that really happened. 3. The book tells about a man who planted apple trees for Americans traveling west to build new homes. 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 671. past; 2. past; 3. present; 4. present; 5. past; 6. present

Page 681. future; 2. timeline; 3. modern; 4. future; 5. event; 6. Timelines will vary.

Page 691. nation; 2. liberty; 3. heroism; 4. heroism; 5. nation; 6. liberty

Page 70 Students’ corrections will vary but may include: 1. An act of heroism is an unusual event. 2. Ghana is a nation in Africa. 3. checkmark; 4. checkmark; 5. The Statue of Liberty welcomes people to the United States.

Page 711. Thanksgiving; 2. colony; 3. tradition; 4. celebration; 5. Sentences will vary.

Page 72Answers spell museum.

Page 73Across: 1. past; 6. timeline; 7. event; 8. legend; Down: 2. symbol; 3. tradition; 4. present; 5. future

Page 75Answers will vary but may include: 1. It is shaped like a ball. It shows the land and the water as they are on Earth. 2. to find where different countries are; to plan a trip around the world; 3. Answers will vary, but students should recognize the United States. 4. The travelers visited cities in many countries of the world.

Page 76Answers will vary but may include: 1. Look at a map. Ask for directions. 2. Answers will vary, but students

should note the street. 3. Star should be placed at the intersection of Fifth Street and Montrose Avenue; 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 771. rural; 2. rural; 3. urban; 4. urban; 5. rural; 6. urban

Page 781. route; 2. map key; 3. grid; 4. route; 5. map key; 6. grid

Page 791. hemisphere; 2. equator; 3. landform; 4. climate; 5. desert; 6. mountain; 7. Sentences will vary.

Page 801. ocean; 2. island; 3. Gulf; 4. gulf; 5. coast; 6. island

Page 811. west; 2. north; 3. direction; 4. south; 5. east; 6. east

Page 82Answers spell global.

Page 83Across: 1. island; 4. urban; 6. coast; 7. equator; Down: 2. location; 3. route; 5. rural

Page 85Answers will vary but may include: 1. The person tells the truth, so you can believe what you’re told. 2. I’m so sorry I lost your doll. I left it outside, and now it’s gone. I’ll save my money to buy you another one. 3. The left picture might be labeled dishonesty or lying. The right picture should be labeled honesty. 4. Sometimes, you might want to lie so that you won’t be punished for doing something wrong, but telling the truth is the right thing to do.

Page 861. A teacher should treat everyone the same. 2. A person who has been treated unfairly wants justice. 3. Justice means giving each side equal weight and treating both sides fairly. 4. just (fair); justice (fairness)

Page 871. need; 2. want; 3. need; 4. want; 5. need; 6. need

Page 881. service; 2. goods; 3. service; 4. goods; 5. goods; 6. service

Page 891. right, responsibility; 2. right, responsibility; 3. responsibility, right; 4. right, responsibility; 5. responsibility, right

Page 901. citizen; 2. election; 3. law; 4. vote; 5. elect; 6. vote

Page 911. govern; 2. government; 3. governor; 4. mayor; 5. president; 6. state



Answer KeyPage 92Students’ corrections will vary but may include: 1. The leader of a city is a mayor. 2. The leader of a state is a governor. 3. checkmark; 4. There are 50 governors in the United States. 5. The government of the United States is based in Washington, DC. 6. checkmark

Page 931. price; 2. tax; 3. seller; 4. purchase; 5. buyer; 6. product

Page 94Students’ corrections will vary but may include: 1. Workers pay a tax to the government. 2. The price of this carton of juice is $2.50. 3. checkmark; 4. If you purchase a product, you are a buyer. 5. Most buyers like lower prices. 6. checkmark

Page 95Answers spell nation.

Page 96Across: 3. president; 5. law; 7. service; 8. right; Down: 1. governor; 2. justice; 4. elect; 6. needs

Page 98Answers will vary but may include: 1. a plaid pattern; 2. wallpaper, snowflakes, a rug; 3. Check students’ drawings. 4. the repeating designs are interesting.

Page 99Answers will vary but may include: 1. It had a brown trunk, many branches, and green leaves. It seemed as big as a real tree. 2. A realistic painting looks like a real person, place, or thing. A painting that is not realistic does not look like real life. 3. The third picture is circled. 4. Sentences will vary.

Page 1001. sculpture, pottery; 2. sculpture, pottery; 3. sculpture, pottery; 4. pottery, sculpture

Page 1011. instrument; 2. compose; 3. musician; 4. instrument; 5. band; 6. musician

Page 102Students’ corrections will vary but may include: 1. A horn and a flute are both instruments. 2. The musician blew into the instrument. 3. Musicians play in bands. 4. A band is a group of musicians. 5. checkmark

Page 1031. note; 2. solo; 3. guitar; 4. strum; 5. pluck

Page 1041. twirl; 2. dancer; 3. costume; 4. balance; 5. colorful; 6. stretch

Page 105Students’ corrections will vary but may include; 1. Hold your arms out to stretch them. 2. Stand very still to balance on one foot. 3. A costume is something to wear. 4. When you balance, you do not fall. 5. A red costume is colorful. 6. checkmark

Page 1061. director; 2. actor; 3. stage; 4. cast; 5. scenery; 6. rehearse

Page 107Answers spell artist.

Page 108Across: 2. rehearse; 3. pattern; 5. instrument; 6. compose; Down: 1. sculpture; 2. realistic; 4. actor

Notes

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Differentiated Readingfor ComprehensionCD-104614

Recognizing and understanding academic vocabulary is critical for comprehending the broader concepts taught in school. Research shows that a fi rm knowledge of academic vocabulary is one of the strongest indicators of a student’s success in the content areas. The 200+ words in this book have been carefully selected to provide students with grade-appropriate resources to help them build crucial vocabulary skills. Included in this volume are vocabulary lists from all content areas, reproducible student pages, a student dictionary, game suggestions and templates, and an answer key. Additionally, a free set of vocabulary fl ash cards is available online.

Kelley Wingate Reading Comprehension and SkillsCD-104620

Common Core Connections:Language ArtsCD-104609

Carson - D ellosa Publishing

Grade

2CD-104807

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VocabularyPractice

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• Presents relevant words in context

• Develops content-area vocabulary

• Offers practice and word play

• Includes a student dictionary

• Reproducible pages

CD-104807CO.indd 1 3/17/14 3:44 PM

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