Time1 hour, plus your additional time allowance. Instructions to Candidates

Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page.You must answer the questions in the spaces provided.Do not write on blank pages.Complete in black ink only.Answer all nine questions.

Information for CandidatesThe total mark for this paper is 60.Figures in brackets printed at the end of each question indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question.Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 2.A Data Leaflet, which includes a Periodic Table of the Elements, is included for your use.

Single Award Science: ChemistryUnit 2Higher Tier

[GSA22]THURSDAY 7 NOVEMBER 2019, MORNING

General Certificate of Secondary Education2019–2020

12693.03 MV18

Centre Number

Candidate Number

MV18

12693.03 MV18 2

1 (a) Declan investigated the reactivity of two metals A and B. He added 2 g of each metal to 25 cm3 of copper sulfate solution in separate beakers. The temperature of each mixture was recorded every minute for seven minutes.

His results are shown below.

Time/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Temperature/°CMetal A 20 30 38 42 45 47 48 48

Temperature/°CMetal B 20 22 24 26 28 29 30 31

(i) Plot and draw a line graph of the results for metal A. The first three points have been plotted for you. The graph for metal B is already drawn. [3 marks]

0

20

40

Time/min

×

1 2 3 4

× × × × × × ×

0 5 6 7

Tem

pera

ture

/°C

Metal B

10

30

50

××

(ii) Describe fully the trend shown for metal A. [2 marks]

12693.03 MV18 3 [Turn over

(iii) Calculate the temperature difference between metal A and metal B at the end of Declan’s investigation.

[1 mark]

°C

(iv) What name is given to chemical reactions that give out heat? [1 mark]

(b) Declan then added 2 g of silver to 25 cm3 of copper sulfate solution and found there was no increase in temperature.

(i) Put the three metals A, B and silver in order of reactivity. [1 mark]

Most reactive

Least reactive

(ii) Give one thing that Declan did in his investigation to ensure his results were valid (fair test). [1 mark]

12693.03 MV18 4

2 Group 1 metals are very reactive. Describe how a teacher could safely demonstrate the reactions of lithium and potassium with water to a group of pupils. [6 marks]

Your answer should include:

• at least two things the teacher will do to make sure the pupils are safe

• similarities in the reaction of lithium and potassium with water

• differences in the reaction of lithium and potassium with water.

In this question you will be assessed on your written communication skills including the use of specialist scientific terms.

12693.03 MV18 5 [Turn over

12693.03 MV18 6

3 (a) Ethane (C2H6) is a member of a family of hydrocarbon compounds called the alkanes.

(i) What is meant by the term hydrocarbon? [2 marks]

(ii) Ethane is a fuel that can burn to release energy. Complete the word equation for the burning of ethane. [3 marks]

ethane + +

12693.03 MV18 7 [Turn over

(b) Another group of hydrocarbons is the alkenes. Complete the table below about the first three alkenes.

[3 marks]

Alkene Molecular formula Structural formula

ethene C2H4

propene C C C H

H   H

HH

H

C4H8 C C C C H

H

HH

HH

H

H

12693.03 MV18 8

4 (a) Below is a graph showing the amount of carbon dioxide produced per person in Northern Ireland over a period of 25 years.

10

12

14

16

Year1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Am

ount

of c

arbo

n di

oxid

e pr

oduc

ed

per p

erso

n/to

nnes

18

2020

(i) Assuming this trend continues, predict the amount of carbon dioxide that would be produced per person in 2020.

[1 mark]

tonnes

12693.03 MV18 9 [Turn over

(ii) Explain fully why environmental scientists think it is important that the trend shown by the graph continues. [2 marks]

(iii) Suggest one way in which carbon dioxide emissions have been reduced. [1 mark]

(b) Some of the sources of carbon dioxide emissions in 2015 were agriculture (27%), transport (22%) and energy supply (20%).

Calculate the percentage of carbon dioxide emissions due to other sources. [2 marks]

(Show your working out.)

%

12693.03 MV18 10

5 The use of nanoparticles is quite new, so the long-term effect on our health and the environment is not yet fully known. These particles are so small that they can pass through our skin and into our bloodstream and may even be small enough to enter our cells. They can also easily enter the environment and could cause harm to plants and animals.

One example is the use of nanoparticles of silver in clothing to kill bacteria which cause unpleasant odours. However, the nanoparticles can enter the water system during washing. Due to their anti-bacterial properties, they can affect the bacteria within the ecosystem over a long period of time.

Use information in the passage to answer the following questions.

(a) Explain fully why some scientists are concerned about the effect silver nanoparticles have on the environment.[2 marks]

(b) Give one reason why some doctors are concerned about the use of silver nanoparticles. [1 mark]

12693.03 MV18 11 [Turn over

6 (a) Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian scientist, was responsible for much of the early work on the development of the modern Periodic Table.

(i) Give two features of Mendeleev’s table that are present in the modern Periodic Table. [2 marks]

1.

2.

(ii) Give two differences between Mendeleev’s table and the modern Periodic Table. [2 marks]

1.

2.

(b) (i) Name the most reactive non-metallic Group in the modern Periodic Table. [1 mark]

12693.03 MV18 12

(ii) What colour are the noble gases? [1 mark]

(iii) In terms of electronic configuration, what do elements in Period 3 have in common? [1 mark]

12693.03 MV18 13 [Turn over

7 (a) Complete the table below about the different particles found in an atom. [2 marks]

Particle Relative charge Relative mass

electron 11840

neutron 0 1

proton +1

(b) An atom of an element has 4 protons, 5 neutrons and 4 electrons.

(i) What is the atomic mass of this atom? [1 mark]

(ii) In what Group of the Periodic Table will this element be found? Explain your answer. [2 marks]

12693.03 MV18 14

8 (a) Sodium can react with chlorine to produce sodium chloride.

(i) Complete the diagrams below showing the electronic structures of sodium and chlorine. [2 marks]

Sodium Chlorine

(ii) Describe fully how sodium and chlorine react to form an ionic compound. [2 marks]

(iii) What makes an ionic bond so strong? [1 mark]

12693.03 MV18 15 [Turn over

(b) Hydrogen can react with chlorine to produce hydrogen chloride. Complete the dot and cross diagram below to show the outer electrons in a molecule of hydrogen chloride. [2 marks]

H Cl

12693.03 MV18 16

9 (a) Aluminium is produced by the electrolysis of bauxite (aluminium oxide).

graphite cathodelining

graphite anode

molten bauxite

molten aluminium

(i) Molten bauxite is an electrolyte. What is meant by the term electrolyte? [1 mark]

(ii) Explain why the bauxite needs to be molten. [1 mark]

(iii) Complete the following sentence giving the charges of the anode and the cathode. [1 mark]

The anode is the electrode

and the cathode is the electrode.

12693.03 MV18 17

(iv) The carbon anode wears away because the oxygen produced reacts with it to form carbon dioxide.

Write a balanced symbol equation for this reaction.

Include state symbols. [3 marks]

(b) Aluminium is formed at the cathode. Complete the ionic equation for the reaction at the

cathode. [2 marks]

Al3+

(c) Apart from cost, give one reason why it is important to recycle aluminium. [1 mark]

This is the end of the question paper

Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for.In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEAwill be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notifi ed.

Examiner Number

For Examiner’suse only

QuestionNumber Marks

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

TotalMarks

SOURCES

Q4(a) . . © Crown Copyright. Licenced under Open Government Licence v3.0Q6(a) . . © Getty Images / popovaphotoQ9(a) . . . © Science Aid https://scienceaid.net/chemistry/applied/aluminium.html Licensed under Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

12693.03 MV18

© CCEA 2017

SYMBOLS OF SELECTED IONS

SOLUBILITY IN COLD WATER OF COMMON SALTS, HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES

Negative ions

SolubleAll sodium, potassium and ammonium saltsAll nitratesMost chlorides, bromides and iodidesEXCEPT silver and lead chlorides, bromides and iodidesMost sulfates EXCEPT lead and barium sulfatesCalcium sulfate is slightly soluble

InsolubleMost carbonates EXCEPT sodium, potassium and ammonium carbonatesMost hydroxidesEXCEPT sodium, potassium and ammonium hydroxidesMost oxidesEXCEPT sodium, potassium and calcium oxides which react with water

Name Symbol

Ammonium

Chromium(III) Cr3+

Copper(II) Cu2+

Iron(II) Fe2+

Iron(III) Fe3+

Lead(II) Pb2+

Silver Ag+

Zinc Zn2+

Name SymbolButanoate C3H7COO-

CarbonateDichromateEthanoate CH3COO-

HydrogencarbonateHydroxide OH–

Methanoate HCOO–

Nitrate NOPropanoate C2H5COO–

SulfateSulfi te

NewSpe

cifi ca

tion

Positive ions

© CCEA 2017

For fi rst teaching from September 2017

Data Leafl etIncluding the Periodic Table of the Elements

For the use of candidates takingScience: Chemistry,

Science: Double Awardor Science: Single Award

Copies must be free from notes or additions of anykind. No other type of data booklet or information

sheet is authorised for use in the examinations

gcse examinations

chemistry

227

89

139

57

256

101

223

87

226

88

261

104

262

105

266

106

264

107

277

108

268

109

271

110

272

111

140

58

141

59

144

60

145

61

150

62

152

63

157

64

159

65

162

66

165

67

167

68

169

69

173

70

175

71232

90

231

91

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92

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94

243

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245

97

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98

254

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100

254

102

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103

133

55

137

56

178

72

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74

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192

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197

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201

80

89

39

91

40

103

45

85

37

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38

93

41

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42

98

43

101

44

106

46

108

47

112

48

131

54222

86

210

85

210

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204

81

84

36

79

34

73

32

40

20

39

19

45

21

48

22

51

23

52

24

55

25

56

26

59

27

59

28

64

29

65

30

11

5

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6

14

7

16

8

19

9

20

10

4

2

40

18

35.5

17

32

16

31

15

28

14

27

1370

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75

33

80

35115

49

119

50

122

51

128

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127

53

23

11

24

12

7

3

9

4

* 58 – 71 Lanthanum series† 90 – 103 Actinium series

a = relative atomic mass

x = atomic symbolb = atomic number

THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTSGroup

a

bx

*

†

1

11 2 3 4 5 6 7

0

285

112Copernicium

(approx)