The Ministry of Jesus

The later stages of Galilean Ministry

Sunday, 22 September 13

Time to withdraw...to the

north and east...and then return

Sunday, 22 September 13

The synoptic gospels continue to deal with Jesus’ ministry topically at this time - and that is the simplest way for us to follow:Parables Mk 4:1-34Miracles Mk 4:34-6:6, 6:30-56Sending out the 12 will be discussed afterwards and the death of JTB has already been dealt withWithdrawal from Galilee Mk 7:1-9:50 - critique of Jewish traditions (going north and east) and then brief return before the journey to Jerusalem

Sunday, 22 September 13

Almost all of Jesus’ ministry took place within the borders of IsraelJesus also traveled to the region of Tyre and Sidon, where he healed a Gentile woman’s daughter, and to the region of Decapolis, where he healed many peopleSunday, 22 September 13

Almost all of Jesus’ ministry took place within the borders of IsraelJesus also traveled to the region of Tyre and Sidon, where he healed a Gentile woman’s daughter, and to the region of Decapolis, where he healed many people

At Caesarea Philippi Peter made his confession “You are the Christ, the son of the living God,”

Sunday, 22 September 13

- most of Jesus Galilean ministry is complete

- he now withdraws to spend time in the provinces in the north and east

- he will return to Galilee, however the synoptics still have further reports of him departing and returning on other occasions

- during this time Peter’s confession is heard and is a turning point as Jesus then heads towards ‘rejection’

Sunday, 22 September 13

Withdrawal from Galilee

Recorded only in Matthew and Mark 7:1-8:26The section begins with Jesus going out of his way to offend the Pharisees (and to correct wrong teaching).Mark 7:1-23

Sunday, 22 September 13

Withdrawal from Galilee

Recorded only in Matthew and Mark 7:1-8:26The section begins with Jesus going out of his way to offend the Pharisees (and to correct wrong teaching).Mark 7:1-23

Sunday, 22 September 13

The Pharisees and some of the teachers of the law who had come from Jerusalem gathered round Jesus 2 and saw some of his disciples eating food with hands that were defiled, that is, unwashed.3 (The Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they give their hands a ceremonial washing, holding to the tradition of the elders. 4 When they come from the market-place they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.[a])5 So the Pharisees and teachers of the law asked Jesus, ‘Why don’t your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders instead of eating their food with defiled hands?’

Sunday, 22 September 13

6 He replied, ‘Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you hypocrites; as it is written:‘“These people honour me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.7 They worship me in vain; their teachings are merely human rules.”[b]8 You have let go of the commands of God and are holding on to human traditions.’9 And he continued, ‘You have a fine way of setting aside the commands of God in order to observe[c] your own traditions! 10 For Moses said, “Honour your father and mother,”[d] and, “Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.”

Sunday, 22 September 13

11 But you say that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is Corban (that is, devoted to God) – 12 then you no longer let them do anything for their father or mother. 13 Thus you nullify the word of God by your tradition that you have handed down. And you do many things like that.’14 Again Jesus called the crowd to him and said,‘Listen to me, everyone, and understand this.15 Nothing outside a person can defile them by going into them. Rather, it is what comes out of a person that defiles them.’ [f]

Sunday, 22 September 13

17 After he had left the crowd and entered the house, his disciples asked him about this parable.18 ‘Are you so dull?’ he asked. ‘Don’t you see that nothing that enters a person from the outside can defile them? 19 For it doesn’t go into their heart but into their stomach, and then out of the body.’ (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods clean.)20 He went on: ‘What comes out of a person is what defiles them. 21 For it is from within, out of a person’s heart, that evil thoughts come – sexual immorality, theft, murder,22 adultery, greed, malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly. 23 All these evils come from inside and defile a person.’

Sunday, 22 September 13

-Jewish leaders had come from Jerusalem to criticise Jesus for his stance on ceremonial cleanliness and handwashing- these were part of the oral law but not the Torah- Jesus dramatically breaks from Jewish theology:

Sunday, 22 September 13

- he criticises the practice of corban, which is probably the dedication of money to God for use in the temple after your death, but you could still gain income from the funds but no one else could even if they were in great need

Sunday, 22 September 13

- Jesus told Pharisees that they had rejected the commandment of God- Jesus gives the proof by citing their use of “Corban.”- Moses had instructed God’s people to “honor their father and mother” (Exodus 20:12)- Pharisees negated that command by teaching that they could give money to the temple in lieu of helping their parents in need.

Sunday, 22 September 13

- saying, “It is Corban” would exempt a person from his responsibility to his parents. - so the Pharisees took a legitimate Corban offering and used it in an illegitimate and devious way to defraud their parents and nullify the Law- the Pharisees practiced ritual without reality, righteousness and relationship

Sunday, 22 September 13

- Jesus taught that, without a personal relationship with God, ritual profits nothing- and the traditions of man should never usurp the authority of God’s Word.gotquestions.org

Sunday, 22 September 13

“the principle here had the potential of abolishing the whole OT Law”- Mark adds verse 19, which appears to have been missed at the time,(Thus he declared all foods clean.)- Consider Peter and his thrice repeated vision before he understood about Cornelius and the GentilesMatthew 15 adds, Let them alone; they are blind guides. And if the blind lead the blind, both will fall into a pit.”

Sunday, 22 September 13

The syrophoenician woman’s daughter

27 ‘First let the children eat all they want,’ he told her,‘for it is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.’28 ‘Lord,’ she replied, ‘even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.’29 Then he told her, ‘For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter.’30 She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.Sunday, 22 September 13

The syrophoenician woman’s daughter

Mk 7:24-30 24 Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre.[g] He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret.25 In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an impure spirit came and fell at his feet. 26 The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter.

Sunday, 22 September 13

Some suggest this is foreshadowing the ministry to the Gentiles- a Gentile woman approaches Jesus, at first he declines to help - why?- Matt 15:24- Jesus calls the woman and her daughter “dogs” - a usual way for Jews to think of Gentiles- she responds cleverly and is praised for her faith, and receives the healing she was asking for

Sunday, 22 September 13

Some suggest this is foreshadowing the ministry to the Gentiles- a Gentile woman approaches Jesus, at first he declines to help - why?- Matt 15:24- Jesus calls the woman and her daughter “dogs” - a usual way for Jews to think of Gentiles- she responds cleverly and is praised for her faith, and receives the healing she was asking for

Why did Jesus mess about like

that?

Why didn’t he simply heal the

girl immediately?

Sunday, 22 September 13

- was Jesus simply going to the Jew first then the Gentile - cf Rom 1:16?- is Jesus aware of the woman’s faith and simply trying to draw it out of her?- Galileans disliked the way the Syrian provincial leaders handled governmental money and some suggest Jesus is simply turning the tables on the woman- Elijah had also aided a non-Jewish woman in this area, 1Ki 17

Sunday, 22 September 13

- was Jesus simply going to the Jew first then the Gentile - cf Rom 1:16?- is Jesus aware of the woman’s faith and simply trying to draw it out of her?- Galileans disliked the way the Syrian provincial leaders handled governmental money and some suggest Jesus is simply turning the tables on the woman- Elijah had also aided a non-Jewish woman in this area, 1Ki 17

Sunday, 22 September 13

Healing a deaf mute man Mk 7:31ff

31 Then Jesus left the vicinity of Tyre and went through Sidon, down to the Sea of Galilee and into the region of the Decapolis.[h]32 There some people brought to him a man who was deaf and could hardly talk, and they begged Jesus to place his hand on him.33 After he took him aside, away from the crowd, Jesus put his fingers into the man’s ears. Then he spat and touched the man’s tongue.

Sunday, 22 September 13

Healing a deaf mute man Mk 7:31ff

34 He looked up to heaven and with a deep sigh said to him,‘Ephphatha!’ (which means‘Be opened!’). 35 At this, the man’s ears were opened, his tongue was loosed and he began to speak plainly.36 Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone. But the more he did so, the more they kept talking about it.37 People were overwhelmed with amazement. ‘He has done everything well,’ they said. ‘He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.’

Sunday, 22 September 13

3 times Jesus uses spit / saliva as part of a healing miracle - Mk 7:33, 8:23, Jn 9:6- the obvious question is, Why did Jesus spit?- some say it is a way to tell those present he is about to heal- medical practice and magic had parallels in such action

Sunday, 22 September 13

3 times Jesus uses spit / saliva as part of a healing miracle - Mk 7:33, 8:23, Jn 9:6- the obvious question is, Why did Jesus spit?- some say it is a way to tell those present he is about to heal- medical practice and magic had parallels in such action

Sunday, 22 September 13

Feeding the 4000Mk 8:1-21

During those days another large crowd gathered. Since they had nothing to eat, Jesus called his disciples to him and said, 2 ‘I have compassion for these people; they have already been with me three days and have nothing to eat. 3 If I send them home hungry, they will collapse on the way, because some of them have come a long distance.’4 His disciples answered, ‘But where in this remote place can anyone get enough bread to feed them?’5 ‘How many loaves do you have?’ Jesus asked.‘Seven,’ they replied.

Sunday, 22 September 13

Feeding the 4000Mk 8:1-21

During those days another large crowd gathered. Since they had nothing to eat, Jesus called his disciples to him and said, 2 ‘I have compassion for these people; they have already been with me three days and have nothing to eat. 3 If I send them home hungry, they will collapse on the way, because some of them have come a long distance.’4 His disciples answered, ‘But where in this remote place can anyone get enough bread to feed them?’5 ‘How many loaves do you have?’ Jesus asked.‘Seven,’ they replied.

Sunday, 22 September 13

Feeding the 4000Mk 8:1-21

6 He told the crowd to sit down on the ground. When he had taken the seven loaves and given thanks, he broke them and gave them to his disciples to distribute to the people, and they did so. 7 They had a few small fish as well; he gave thanks for them also and told the disciples to distribute them. 8 The people ate and were satisfied. Afterwards the disciples picked up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over. 9 About four thousand were present. After he had sent them away, 10 he got into the boat with his disciples and went to the region of Dalmanutha.

Sunday, 22 September 13

Feeding the 4000Mk 8:1-21

11 The Pharisees came and began to question Jesus. To test him, they asked him for a sign from heaven.12 He sighed deeply and said, ‘Why does this generation ask for a sign? Truly I tell you, no sign will be given to it.’ 13 Then he left them, got back into the boat and crossed to the other side.

Sunday, 22 September 13

- as Jesus returns to Dalmanutha (Magadan) it is assumed he was in Gentile territory across the Lake- similar to 5000 apart from the great physical hunger expressed, people could collapse- why did the disciples act so thick? see v 4- abundant provision indicates Jesus as Messiah- Is Jesus repeating a previous miracle for a Gentile crowd?- 7 baskets collected - 7 is the number of completeness

Sunday, 22 September 13

- immediately upon Jesus’ return to Galilee the Pharisees ask for a sign from heaven 11-13- presumably they had heard about the 400 being fed so why ask?- Jesus refuses - can such signs be done on demand? Is asking for a sign simply an excuse for not having faith?

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

- the disciples also misinterpret Jesus’ warning about the yeast of the Pharisees - it appears still they do not recognise who Jesus is and his ability to meet physical and spiritual needs

Sunday, 22 September 13

Healing the blind man in Bethsaida Mk 8:22-26

Sunday, 22 September 13

Healing the blind man in Bethsaida Mk 8:22-26

22 They came to Bethsaida, and some people brought a blind man and begged Jesus to touch him. 23 He took the blind man by the hand and led him outside the village. When he had spat on the man’s eyes and put his hands on him, Jesus asked, ‘Do you see anything?’24 He looked up and said, ‘I see people; they look like trees walking around.’25 Once more Jesus put his hands on the man’s eyes. Then his eyes were opened, his sight was restored, and he saw everything clearly. 26 Jesus sent him home, saying,‘Don’t even go into[a] the village.’

Sunday, 22 September 13

- first picture is an overall view of the modern sight of Bethsaida- Bethsaida was a fishing village: a fishermans house was excavated: an artists reconstruction with the original stonework below-Bethsaida is mentioned in the Gospels more often than any other town except Jerusalem and Capernaum- home to Peter, Andrew and Philip John 1:44- Jesus knew Bethsaida well and performed several miracles there

Sunday, 22 September 13

- first picture is an overall view of the modern sight of Bethsaida- Bethsaida was a fishing village: a fishermans house was excavated: an artists reconstruction with the original stonework below-Bethsaida is mentioned in the Gospels more often than any other town except Jerusalem and Capernaum- home to Peter, Andrew and Philip John 1:44- Jesus knew Bethsaida well and performed several miracles there

Sunday, 22 September 13

- first picture is an overall view of the modern sight of Bethsaida- Bethsaida was a fishing village: a fishermans house was excavated: an artists reconstruction with the original stonework below-Bethsaida is mentioned in the Gospels more often than any other town except Jerusalem and Capernaum- home to Peter, Andrew and Philip John 1:44- Jesus knew Bethsaida well and performed several miracles there

Sunday, 22 September 13

- the only two stage healing in the Gospels- goes out of the village- saliva and then laid hands on him- then prayed again and full sight is restored- commanded not to go back into the village - why?- suggested comparison of spiritual blindness of disciples and of the man - healing comes in stages for both

Sunday, 22 September 13

Peter’s confession Mk 8:27-9:1

27 Jesus and his disciples went on to the villages around Caesarea Philippi. On the way he asked them,‘Who do people say I am?’28 They replied, ‘Some say John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others, one of the prophets.’29 ‘But what about you?’ he asked. ‘Who do you say I am?’Peter answered, ‘You are the Messiah.’30 Jesus warned them not to tell anyone about him.

Sunday, 22 September 13

Matt 16: 13 When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples,‘Who do people say the Son of Man is?’14 They replied, ‘Some say John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.’15 ‘But what about you?’ he asked. ‘Who do you say I am?’16 Simon Peter answered, ‘You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.’17 Jesus replied, ‘Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by flesh and blood, but by my Father in heaven. 18 And I tell you that you are Peter,[b] and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades[c] will not overcome it. 19 I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be[d] bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be[e] loosed in heaven.’ 20 Then he ordered his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Messiah.

Sunday, 22 September 13

The temple of Pan

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

Caesarea Philippi was located about 25 miles north of the Sea of Galilee, 1,150 feet above sea level, on the southwest slope of Mount Hermon.So called (Philippi) to distinguish it from other cities of the same name, especially his father's Caesarea It became the administrative capital of his kingdom.

Sunday, 22 September 13

This is the pivotal point in the ministry of Jesus- Caesarea Philippi was the centre for the worship of the Greek god Pan- CP was the new name of Paneas, now named after the emperor and Herod Philip- the disciples now have clarity- Jesus is not merely a prophet of old - he is the Messiah!

Sunday, 22 September 13

- he will build his church, though debate still rages as to what the “rock” is- Roman Catholics have argued it is Peter, Luther argued it is Christ- the middle ground is suggesting that the confession of Jesus as the Christ was the rockBlomberg suggests that it is obviously Peter based on the pun using his name, petra - and a further rocky reference, stumbling stone v23, is still to comeSunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

Does believing this refers to Peter as the rock affect any of

your doctrinal belief?

Sunday, 22 September 13

Does believing this refers to Peter as the rock affect any of

your doctrinal belief?- Peter definitely was a (the?) leader in the early church and carried great authority

Sunday, 22 September 13

Does believing this refers to Peter as the rock affect any of

your doctrinal belief?- Peter definitely was a (the?) leader in the early church and carried great authority- In this belief we do not have to accept Catholics view of apostolic succession, the Pope

Sunday, 22 September 13

Does believing this refers to Peter as the rock affect any of

your doctrinal belief?- Peter definitely was a (the?) leader in the early church and carried great authority- In this belief we do not have to accept Catholics view of apostolic succession, the Pope- are the “keys of the kingdom” simply a declaration of our ability (following peters lead) to declare salvation to all mankind?

Sunday, 22 September 13

31 He then began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests and the teachers of the law, and that he must be killed and after three days rise again. 32 He spoke plainly about this, and Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him.33 But when Jesus turned and looked at his disciples, he rebuked Peter. ‘Get behind me, Satan!’ he said.‘You do not have in mind the concerns of God, but merely human concerns.’

Sunday, 22 September 13

Peter still does not understand the kind of messiah Jesus will be - so Jesus tells him (and the others)- 3 declarations, “passion predictions,” of his forthcoming death - Mk 8:31, 9:30, 10:32- Peter tries to rebuke Jesus and so Jesus rebukes him- Peter is not possessed by the devil, he states the same agenda- Jesus teaches (34-38) on true discipleship

Sunday, 22 September 13

34 Then he called the crowd to him along with his disciples and said:‘Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me.35 For whoever wants to save their life[b] will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me and for the gospel will save it. 36 What good is it for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul? 37 Or what can anyone give in exchange for their soul?38 If anyone is ashamed of me and my words in this adulterous and sinful generation, the Son of Man will be ashamed of them when he comes in his Father’s glory with the holy angels.’

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

The Transfiguration Mk9:1ff

And he said to them,‘Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see that the kingdom of God has come with power.’2 After six days Jesus took Peter, James and John with him and led them up a high mountain, where they were all alone. There he was transfigured before them.3 His clothes became dazzling white, whiter than anyone in the world could bleach them. 4 And there appeared before them Elijah and Moses, who were talking with Jesus.5 Peter said to Jesus, ‘Rabbi, it is good for us to be here. Let us put up three shelters – one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.’ 6 (He did not know what to say, they were so frightened.)

Sunday, 22 September 13

7 Then a cloud appeared and covered them, and a voice came from the cloud: ‘This is my Son, whom I love. Listen to him!’8 Suddenly, when they looked around, they no longer saw anyone with them except Jesus.9 As they were coming down the mountain, Jesus gave them orders not to tell anyone what they had seen until the Son of Man had risen from the dead.10 They kept the matter to themselves, discussing what ‘rising from the dead’ meant.11 And they asked him, ‘Why do the teachers of the law say that Elijah must come first?’12 Jesus replied, ‘To be sure, Elijah does come first, and restores all things. Why then is it written that the Son of Man must suffer much and be rejected? 13 But I tell you, Elijah has come, and they have done to him everything they wished, just as it is written about him.’

Sunday, 22 September 13

- suffering and death precede permanent glory but this is a foretaste of what it will look like- does this event help Jesus as he approaches the cross, does it enable him to focus through, and in spite of, the pain?- does it help the believers (esp. Peter) in hearing a voice from heaven with a command to listen to Jesus?- obvious parallel with Moses (the prophet and inaugurator of a new covenant) given the Law on Sinai1. Jesus is on a mountain

Sunday, 22 September 13

2. Hears a voice from heaven (cf baptism/sonship)3. Enveloping cloud of God’s glory4. Talk is of Jesus departure (exodus) Lk 9:315. Peter suggests booths as in wilderness wanderings6. Both Moses and Ej had mountaintop theophanies7. Disciples must listen to Jesus - Dt 18:15-18

Sunday, 22 September 13

- the disciples do not fully understand - so Peter wants to prolong things by building tents- they ask about Ej- as they descend they meet disciples who cannot cast a demon out - Mk 6:7ff - they are still part of an unbelieving and prayerless (v29) generation- Matt 17:20f adds that even a little faith brings power

Sunday, 22 September 13

Mark 9:30-50Following another prediction of his death Jesus once again needs to teach about true discipleship - will these guys ever understand?!Matt 17:24-27 focusses upon the temple tax- an annual half shekel tax was paid to help with the upkeep of the temple in Jerusalem

Sunday, 22 September 13

- Jesus says he and his followers should be exempt (he rejects Jewish civil and ritual law)- he chooses not to cause offence (and no hardship to anyone) so pays by the unusual method of taking a coin from the mouth of a fish

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13

Sunday, 22 September 13