2020 International Cosmos Prize－The Harmonious Coexistence between Nature and Mankind－

Request for Recommendation

https://www.expo-cosmos.or.jp

1. Subject matter of the PrizeThe prize shall be awarded for outstanding research work and/or achievement concerning all life phenomena on earthembodied in flowers and greenery, which is devoted from a global perspective to the clarification of the true nature ofthe interrelationship and integration among such life forms. Specifically, the field of activity or research nominated for theprize must address the fundamental need for mankind to learn to live with nature in a constructive, and not a destructive,manner. Such activities are wide ranging and span all aspects of the symbiosis of man and nature. The research oractivities should contribute to the promotion of "The Harmonious Coexistence between Nature and Mankind" and meetthe following criteria:

Field①The prize will be awarded for a demonstrably outstanding individual or group contribution, in pure or applied research,

in a wide spectrum of activities including the natural and social sciences and the humanities.②|t may also be awarded for critical, philosophical, or aesthetic works related to the subject matter of the prize as defined

above.

Important Requirements①The work nominated should advocate a global outlook, and have a universal significance, even if it pertains to

particular regions or phenomena.②|t is more important that the contribution open vistas for future intellectual long-term activities than that it seek to solve

specific problems now.③The work must be based on appropriate comprehensive and unified methodology.

2 . Eligibility No distinction shall be made based on nationality, race, sex or creed of the prizewinner. However, only living persons are eligible. Self-nomination is NOT accepted.

3 . Recommendation Procedure You can recommend in the following ways.

Media Usage How to Send

Paper form After fill out the enclosed paper, please send it back by reply envelope, e-mail attachment or fax.

WEB formOR

Microsoft Word

Please select each way from our web site's article "International Cosmos Prize 2020 Web Recommendation" https://www.expo-cosmos.or.jp/english/Password： It indicates in mailed recommendation Procedure

Recommendation Guidelines of the Prize

・It is possible to recommend more than one candidate. Should you need more copies, please make photocopies of the form provided.

・We request that you include supporting documentation, if any, attesting to the relevant work undertaken by the candidate.

We regret that none of the materials we receive can be returned.

4 . Effective Period of Candidacy Candidacy for the Prize will be effective for three years from receipt of the recommendation.

5 . Deadline for Receipt of Recommendations Recommendations should be sent not later than April 10, 2020.

6 . To submit recommendations or make inquiries, please contact: Cosmos Prize Secretariat The Commemorative Foundation for International Garden and Greenery Exposition, Osaka, Japan, 1990 (Expo '90 Foundation) 2-136, Ryokuchi-koen, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka 538-0036, Japan Tel : +81-6-6915-4513 Fax : +81-6-6915-4524

E-mail : rec-cosmos@expo-cosmos.or.jphttps://www.expo-cosmos.or.jp/english/

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PRIZEWINNERS 2019-1993 (Titles at the time of awarding the prize.)

2018 Prize winner

Profoundly inspired by Fūdo, authored by the Japanese philosopher WATSUJI Tetsurū, and by further elaborating, deepening and evolving Watsuji's concept of Fūdo, Dr. Berque organized his own thinking about landscapes and scenery, so as to develop a new academic discipline called "mésologie." Moreover, based on the theoretical results of mésologie, he proposed a theory about the subjecthood of nature, which holds that nature has subjectivity, while critically overcoming anthropocentrism in the nature-culture dualism and environmental ethics.

Dr. Augustin BerqueDirector of studies at the EHESS (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales), France

2017 Prizewinner

Dr. Goodall has been studying wild chimpanzees since 1960 so as to paint a fuller picture of chimpanzees. She has conducted afforestation programs to provide habitats for chimpanzees, and an environmental educational project. She began Roots & Shoots, environmental learning program by young people. More than 150,000 groups are actively working in 99 countries under this program.

Dr. Jane GoodallFounder, Jane Goodall Institute, U.K.

2019 Prize winner

Professor Stuart L. Pimm’s mathematical models have established the theoretical basis for understanding the complexities of food webs, the speed of species extinction and other such factors critical to the conservation of ecological habitats worldwide. He has established the non-profit foundation, “SavingNature” (formerly called “SavingSpecies”) to take this work on conservation science into practical application in the field by supporting local groups in their habitat conservation activities and directing biodiversity conservation policy formulation based on scientific foundations.Pimm’s contributions through this marriage of theory and practice in the field of habitat and species preservation are most impressive.

Prof. Stuart L. PimmDoris Duke Professor of Conservation Ecology, Duke University, USA

2016 Prizewinner

Dr. Iwatsuki has continually pursued the goal of biodiversity, and developed plant systematics in an inclusive and multifaceted manner, by adopting not only traditional methodologies but also molecular phylogenetic techniques. He advocated the importance of an integrated understanding of biological classification including phylogenetic systematics. Dr. Iwatsuki has also clarified that this approach is the essential principle which supports the abundance of life forms and Harmonious Coexistence between Nature and Mankind.

Dr. IWATSUKI KunioProfessor emeritus, The University of Tokyo, Japan

2015 Prizewinner

Dr. Rockström cautioned that we have reached a saturation point in terms of human pressures on Earth System, and that if we let these anthropogenic pressures continue increasing to cross the thresholds or tipping points defined as “Planetary Boundaries,” there is a risk of irreversible and abrupt environmental change.

Dr. Johan RockströmExecutive Director, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden

2014 Prizewinner

Dr. Descola, a distinguished anthropologist, has conducted rigorous eldwork among the indigenous Achuar people living in Amazonia, South America, highlighting their view of nature and activities in interacting with the natural environment. On the basis of his findings, Dr. Descola has developed a philosophical concept and proposed the "anthropology of nature." which considers nature and culture in an integrated manner.

Dr. Philippe DescolaProfessor, the Collège de France, France

2013 Prizewinner

Dr. Robert Treat Paine has demonstrated, through explicitfield experiments, that predators play essential roles in the stable maintenance of biotic communities. He proposed the concept of the keystone species, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community. He has had great impact not only on ecology, but also on conservation biology, as well as on the general public’s understanding of biodiversity.

Dr. Robert Treat Paine (Deceased)Professor emeritus of Zoology, University of Washington, U.S.A.

2012 Prizewinner

Dr. Wilson has accomplished outstanding achievements in his research into the natural history of ants and ethology. He has focused his scientific perspective and experience on helping to illuminate the human circumstance, including human origins, human nature and human interactions. Dr. Wilson has also been active in practicing biodiversity conservation and environmental education.

Dr. Edward Osborne WilsonPellegrino University Research Professor Emeritus at Harvard, U.S.A.

2010 Prizewinner

Dr. Estella Leopold has made tremendous achievements by continuing and further developing the Land Ethic, which was initiated by her father, Aldo Leopold (1887-1948), as well as by disseminating the idea to many places in the United States. She is still pursuing activities that weave the Land Ethic into the fabric of people’s lives and society.

Dr. Estella Bergere LeopoldⅡProfessor Emeritus, Department of Biology, University of Washington, U.S.A.

2011 Prizewinner

The Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) of the Census of Marine Life (CoML) provided overall governance to the CoML, a grand global project. The objective of the Census was to survey and analyze changes from past to present in marine life biodiversity, distribution and abundance, and to compile the resultant data into a comprehensive database called the “Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS),” to be used in forecasting the future of marine life.

Scientific Steering Committee of the Census of Marine Life, Secretariat:U.S.A.

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2009 Prizewinner

Dr. Gretchen Daily is a researcher who has provided us with a comprehensive picture of the value of biodiversity-based ecosystem services, upon which human society is dependent. She has made a vital contribution to international initiatives such as the U.N. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, and played a leading role in launching the “Natural Capital Project,” which is a result of the fusion of ecology and economics, in order to promote the sustainable utilization of natural capital.

Dr. Gretchen Cara DailyProfessor, Stanford University, U.S.A.

2008 Prizewinner

A leading authority on the mangrove ecosystem in Asia, Dr. Phan has been involved in comprehensive scientific research in Vietnam, where war and overdevelopment have had a devastating impact on its mangrove ecosystem. He has made a major contribution to the restoration of the mangrove forests. The Can Gio district, in particular, is an unprecedented example of the successful restoration and conservation of a mangrove forest.

Dr. Phan Nguyen HongProfessor Emeritus, Hanoi National University of Education, Vietnam

2007 Prizewinner

A leading authority in conservation biology, Dr. Mace has brought to people’s attention the threats to nature caused by human activities and has greatly contributed to the conservation of species and biodiversity. She has also been working on a long-term plan to reduce the risk of extinctions. Notably, she played a significant role in the creation of scientific criteria for the identification and classification of threatened species. Her achievements have provided a theoretical basis for the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and enable the IUCN Red List to be applied effectively under the Washington Convention.

Dr. Georgina Mary MaceDirector and Professor, NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, U.K.

2005 Prizewinner

While he started his career on developing methods for the management of marine resources in the tropics, Dr. Pauly has widened his inquiry to investigate the long-term impact of fishing on the marine ecosystems of the world. This has led to a number of published insights, methods, software and databases which are now widely used in the marine science and fisheries community. These have made Dr. Pauly a prominent spokesman for marine conservation, and for a transition to ecosystem-based management of fisheries.

Dr. Daniel PaulyProfessor and Director, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada

2006 Prizewinner

Dr. Sukumar has made and implemented many proposals on biodiversity conservation and the preservation of the natural environment in India, where the population and urbanization rate are rapidly increasing. Dr Sukumar’s research on the ecological relationship between humans and elephants and the resolution of conflicts between them has been internationally recognized as pioneering work in the little explored field of the coexistence of wildlife and humans.

Dr. Raman SukumarProfessor, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, India

2004 Prizewinner

Professor Carabias has taught courses in environmental science at UNAM, while continuing her research into tropical forest regeneration, natural resource management and environmental conservation. She served as a principal member of the Commission that published the report “For Earth’s Sake” during the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. She successfully developed practical programs that can help lift people out of poverty while protecting the natural environment. These programs have earned international recognition since they can be applied to developing countries worldwide.

Prof. Julia Carabias LilloProfessor, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico

2003 Prizewinner

Dr. Raven is one of the first botanists in the world to advocate the conservation of biodiversity. Focusing attention on seriously endangered species around the world, he has held since the 1960s that preserving biological diversity is essential to the survival of human beings. His other major achievements include his wark at the Missouri Botanical Garden, the oldest botanical garden in the United States, which had fallen into decline until he came along and turned it around into a world-class institution of botanical research and education, as well as the important role he has played in developing public awareness about science.

Dr. Peter Hamilton RavenDirector, Missouri Botanical Garden, U.S.A.

2001 Prizewinner

Prof. Spirn’s basic principle in regional planning is that “cities should not conflict with nature, but can be built instead as part of nature.” In 1998, she published a noteworthy book entitled “The Language of Landscape”, in which she emphasized the view that mankind can sustain or create beautiful environments through better interactions with nature. Consistently underlying all of her achievements is her philosophy: “urban areas harmoniously coexisting with nature.”

Prof. Anne Whiston SpirnProfessor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, U.S.A.

2000 Prizewinner

Sir David Attenborough is a pioneer of documentary films about nature and is one of the greatest producers of this century. His films have aired not only in Europe, but also in many countries around the world and are highly regarded. These films feature not only beautiful images of rare life-forms and unique ecologies, but also a clear perspective with a deep understanding and straightforward approach to the essentials of global life such as evolution ecology, struggles for existence and the interdependence of life-forms. All of his work has deep awe and respect for life on the globe and the quest for a true vision of life.

Sir David AttenboroughProducer, Naturalist, Zoologist, U.K.

2002 Prizewinner

Since its founding in 1964, the Charles Darwin Research Station has engaged in a vast array of activities and made remarkable achievements, ranging from research on land and marine species and ecology, to the conservation of the islands’ natural resources, to environmental education and worldwide information sharing. CDRS combines scientific research on the evolution of life forms with environmental protection. As one of its major contributions, it has helped inspire people around the world to contemplate the evolution of life on Earth.

Charles Darwin Research StationGalapagos Islands, Ecuador

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1999 Prizewinner

Dr. Wu has been continuously researching plant species diversity in China and East Asia for over 60 years. He edited Flora of China, a work consisting of 80 volumes that covers plant species diversity in China, one of the most diversified areas of the world in terms of plant species.Since the 1950’s, when the relationship between plants and human beings was not widely recognized as a social issue, Dr. Wu has analyzed in great detail natural habitats in China where rich flora biodiversity exists, making contributions to the conservation of biodiversity.

Dr. Wu Zheng-Yi (Deceased)Professor and Director Emeritus, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

1998 Prizewinner

Dr. Diamond has studied evolutionary biology and biogeography based on fieldwork he has conducted, while also pursuing research at the UCLA School of Medicine on the physiology of organisms. He has conducted fieldwork, mainly in New Guinea, for over 40 years and published many papers on the relationship between wildlife and human beings. Based on this fieldwork, Dr. Diamond broadened his interests to encompass global human ecology and restructured the history of human development by region, from 13,000 years ago to the present. He published “Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies”, a book which has been drawing worldwide attention for considering a new perspective on human development based on regional differences.

Dr. Jared Mason DiamondProfessor, University of California at Los Angeles, U.S.A.

1997 Prizewinner

Dr. Dawkins has had a tremendous impact on the world of biology through his book “The Selfish Gene”, published in 1976. He claimed that all living beings on earth appear, exist and advance as a result of an endless competition of genes. It was quite a bold hypothesis, overturning the accepted understanding of biology at the time.Dr. Dawkins’ claim has shed new light on theories of biological evolution and prompted worldwide discussions within the fields of biology and genetic research.

Dr. Richard DawkinsProfessor, Oxford University, U.K.

1996 Prizewinner

Dr. Schaller has conducted field research on the ecology and behavior of various wild animals in all parts of the world. Not only in the form of academic articles, but also through the publication of many books available to the general public, such as “The Mountain Gorilla” and “The Last Panda”. The results of his work have significantly contributed to the development of zoological research.

Dr. George Beals SchallerDirector of Science, the Wildlife Conservation Society, U.S.A.

1995 Prizewinner

Starting from his early work on the ecological classification of climates, which described in quantitative terms the parallel distribution of global climates and vegetation types, Dr. Kira undertook unique attempts at quantitatively formulating various ecological processes. Shortly after the end of World War II, he began research on the tropical forest ecosystems of Southeast Asia (Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia), playing a pioneering role in this field. He was especially concerned with the organic matter production of plant communities, mainly forests, and thereby contributed much to the establishment of “Production Ecology” as a new field of ecology.

Dr. KIRA Tatsuo (Deceased)Professor Emeritus, Osaka City University, Japan

1994 Prizewinner

Growing up in New Caledonia in the South Pacific, Dr. Barrau became very interested in the Pacific Islands. After graduating from university in France, Dr. Barrau spent 20 years in New Caledonia conducting ethnobiological studies from various perspectives on the nature of the islands and the life of the islanders in Oceania, including Micronesia, Polynesia, and Melanesia. In particular, his study of edible plants on the Pacific Islands drew international praise.

Dr. Jacques François Barrau (Deceased)Professor, Paris National Museum of Natural History, France

1993 Prizewinner

An authority on tropical plants, especially those of South America’s Amazon basin, Sir Prance has been promoting his Flora-on-the-Earth Project, whose aim is to establish a comprehensive record of the Earth’s vegetation in the form of a database. While at the New York Botanical Garden, and later in 1988 as Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, he was involved in extensive educational activities regarding the relationship between plants and humans, and on the ethnobotany of the tribal people of South America.

Sir Ghillean PranceDirector, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K.

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(as of April, 2019)

(as of April, 2019)

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Dr. OIKE KazuoDr. YAMAGIWA JuichiDr. AKIMICHI TomoyaDr. ASASHIMA MakotoDr. IKEUCHI SatoruDr. ISOGAI AkiraDr. TAKEUCHI KazuhikoDr. NAKANISHI TomokoDr. NISHIZAWA NaokoDr. HAYASHI YoshihiroDr. WASHITANI IzumiDr. WADA EitaroDr. ARIMA AkitoDr. KISHIMOTO Tadamitsu

Dr. NAKAMURA Keiko

President, Kyoto University of Art And DesignPresident, Kyoto UniversityDirector General, Fujisan World Heritage CenterResearch Professor, Teikyo UniversityProfessor Emeritus, The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesProfessor Emeritus, Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyPresident, Institute for Global Environmental StrategiesPresident, Hoshi UniversityPresident, Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityDirector General, National Museum of Nature and ScienceProfessor, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University Professor Emeritus, Kyoto UniversityChancellor, Musashi Academy of the Nezu FoundationProject Professor, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka UniversityDirector General, Biohistory Research Hall

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Dr. HAYASHI YoshihiroDr. NAKASHIZUKA Toru

Dr. IKEBE Konomi

Dr. IKEYA KazunobuDr. Monte Cassim

Dr. KAMEZAKI Naoki

Dr. Kevin Short

Ms. TSUJI Atsuko

Mr. NOE KeiichiDr. MURAKAMI Noriaki

Director General, National Museum of Nature and ScienceSpecially Appointed Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and NatureProfessor, Graduate School Environmental Science and Landscape, Chiba UniversityProfessor, National Museum of EthnologyPresident, Graduate School of Leadership and Innovation, Shizenkan UniversityProfessor, Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of ScienceProfessor, Department of Environmental Information, Tokyo University of Information SciencesDesignated Professor, International Collaboration Planning Center, Institute of International Education & Exchange, Nagoya UniversityProfessor Emeritus, Tohoku UniversityDean, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University

International Cosmos Prize Screening Committee of Experts

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