2021-2022 carleton university undergraduate calendar

2021-2022 Carleton University Undergraduate Calendar 1

BiologyThis section presents the requirements for programs in:

• Bioinformatics B.Sc. Honours• Biology B.Sc. Honours• Biology with Concentration in Biodiversity, Natural

History, and Conservation Science B.Sc. Honours• Biology with Concentration in Ecology, Evolution and

Behaviour B.Sc. Honours• Biology with Concentration in Health Science B.Sc.

Honours• Biology with Concentration in Molecular and Cellular

Biology B.Sc. Honours• Biology with Concentration in Physiology B.Sc.

Honours• Biology B.Sc. Major• Biology B.Sc.• Biology and Biotechnology B.Sc. Honours• Biology and Earth Sciences B.Sc. Combined Honours• Biology and Physics B.Sc. Combined Honours• Neuroscience and Biology B.Sc. Combined Honours• Biology B.A. Honours• Biology B.A.• Biology B.A. Combined Honours• Minor in Biology

Program RequirementsCourse Categories for Biology ProgramsThe program descriptions below make use of the followingcourse categories that are defined in the Bachelor ofScience Regulations in this Calendar.

• Science Faculty Electives• Advanced Science Faculty Electives• Science Continuation• Science Geography• Science Psychology• Approved Courses Outside the Faculties of Science

and Engineering and Design• Free Electives• Restricted Courses: Students in the Biology B.Sc.,

Biology B.Sc. Major, and Biology B.Sc. Honoursprograms (except students in the Biology B.A, BiologyB.A. Honours and Biology B.A. Combined Honoursprograms) may use Technology, Society, Environmentcourses TSES 3001, TSES 3002, TSES 3500,TSES 4001, TSES 4002, TSES 4003, TSES 4005,TSES 4006, TSES 4007 to fulfill degree requirements,but only as free electives.

BioinformaticsB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (12.5 credits)1. 4.0 credits in: 4.0

BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IBIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology II

BIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 3104 [0.5] Molecular GeneticsBIOL 4106 [0.5] Advances in Molecular BiologyBIOL 4905 [1.0] Honours Workshop

or BIOC 4906 [1.0]Interdisciplinary Research Projector BIOL 4907 [1.0]Honours Essay and Research Proposalor BIOL 4908 [1.0]Honours Research Thesis

2. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 3102 [0.5] MycologyBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

PhysiologyBIOL 3306 [0.5] Human Anatomy and Physiology

3. 3.5 credits from: 3.5BIOC 2300 [0.5] Physical BiochemistryBIOC 3008 [0.5] BioinformaticsBIOC 3101 [0.5] General Biochemistry IBIOC 3102 [0.5] General Biochemistry IIBIOC 3202 [0.5] Biophysical Techniques and

ApplicationsBIOC 4008 [0.5] Computational Systems BiologyBIOL 4104 [0.5] Evolutionary GeneticsBIOC 4202 [0.5] Mutagenesis and DNA Repair

4. 1.0 credit in BIOL or BIOC or COMP or MATH or STATat the 3000-level or higher

1.0

5. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 3901 [0.5] Research ProposalBIOL 4901 [0.5] Directed Special Studiesor 4000-level BIOL

6. 3.0 credits in 3.0COMP 1005 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science ICOMP 1006 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science IICOMP 2401 [0.5] Introduction to Systems

ProgrammingCOMP 2402 [0.5] Abstract Data Types and

AlgorithmsCOMP 2404 [0.5] Introduction to Software

EngineeringCOMP 2406 [0.5] Fundamentals of Web Applications

B. Credits not included in the Major CGPA (7.5)7. 2.0 credits in: 2.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]

General Chemistry IGeneral Chemistry II

CHEM 2203 [0.5]& CHEM 2204 [0.5]

Organic Chemistry IOrganic Chemistry II

8. 1.0 credit from: 1.0PHYS 1007 [0.5]& PHYS 1008 [0.5]

Elementary University Physics IElementary University Physics II

PHYS 1003 [0.5]& PHYS 1004 [0.5]

Introductory Mechanics andThermodynamicsIntroductory Electromagnetism andWave Motion

9. 2.0 credits in: 2.0MATH 1007 [0.5] Elementary Calculus IMATH 1107 [0.5] Linear Algebra ISTAT 2507 [0.5] Introduction to Statistical Modeling I

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/search/?P=COMP%201005






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2 Biology

STAT 2509 [0.5] Introduction to Statistical ModelingII

10. 2.0 credits in Approved Courses Outside theFaculties of Science and Engineering and Design (mayinclude NSCI 1000)

2.0

11. 0.5 credit in free electives. 0.5

Total Credits 20.0

BiologyB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (11.5 credits)1. 2.5 credits in: 2.5

BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IBIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IIBIOL 1105 [0.5] Biological Methods, Analysis and

InterpretationBIOL 4905 [1.0] Honours Workshop

or BIOL 4907 [1.0]Honours Essay and Research Proposalor BIOL 4908 [1.0]Honours Research Thesis

2. 2.5 credits from: 2.5BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology

3. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 3201 [0.5] Cell BiologyBIOL 3205 [0.5] Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyBIOL 3303 [0.5] Experimental MicrobiologyBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

Physiology4. 1.0 credit in BIOL at the 2000-level or higher 1.05. 3.5 credits in BIOL or BIOC at the 3000-level or higher 3.56. 0.5 credit from 0.5

BIOL 3901 [0.5] Research ProposalBIOL 4901 [0.5] Directed Special Studiesor 4000-level BIOL

7. 1.0 credit in Advanced Science Faculty Electives 1.0B. Credits not included in the Major CGPA (8.5 credits)8. 1.0 credit in 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


9. 0.5 credit in: 0.5MATH 1007 [0.5] Elementary Calculus I

10. 1.0 credit from: 1.0COMP 1005 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science ICOMP 1006 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science IIMATH 1107 [0.5] Linear Algebra IPHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics I

or PHYS 1003 [0.5]Introductory Mechanics andThermodynamics

PHYS 1008 [0.5] Elementary University Physics IIor PHYS 1004 [0.5]Introductory Electromagnetism and Wave

MotionSTAT 2507 [0.5] Introduction to Statistical Modeling I

11. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives 1.012. 2.0 credits in Science Continuation (not in BIOL) 2.0


2.0


Total Credits 20.0

Biology with Concentration in Biodiversity,Natural History, and Conservation ScienceB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits Included in the Major CGPA (11.5 credits)1. 2.5 credits in: 2.5




2. 2.5 credits in: 2.5BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology


PhysiologyBIOL 4207 [0.5] Advanced Embryology &

Developmental Biology4. 3.0 credits in: 3.0

BIOL 2903 [0.5] Natural History and Ecology ofOntario

BIOL 3602 [0.5] Conservation BiologyBIOL 3604 [0.5] Statistics for BiologistsBIOL 3608 [0.5] Principles of BiogeographyBIOL 3609 [0.5] Evolutionary Concepts

or BIOL 3611 [0.5]Evolutionary EcologyBIOL 4104 [0.5] Evolutionary Genetics

5. 1.0 credit from: 1.0BIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 3004 [0.5] Insect DiversityBIOL 3102 [0.5] MycologyBIOL 3202 [0.5] Principles of Developmental

BiologyBIOL 3303 [0.5] Experimental MicrobiologyBIOL 3601 [0.5] Ecosystems and Environmental

ChangeBIOL 3605 [0.5] Field Course IBIOL 3801 [0.5] Plants and HerbivoresBIOL 3802 [0.5] Animal Behaviour

6. 1.5 credits from: 1.5BIOL 4103 [0.5] Population GeneticsBIOL 4203 [0.5] Evolution of SexBIOL 4207 [0.5] Advanced Embryology &

Developmental Biology


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BIOL 4318 [0.5] Adaptations to ExtremeEnvironments

BIOL 4500 [0.5] The Biology of BirdsBIOL 4501 [0.5] The Taxonomy of BirdsBIOL 4502 [0.5] HerpetologyBIOL 4503 [0.5] Fish Ecology, Conservation and

ManagementBIOL 4504 [0.5] Ecology of Freshwater

InvertebratesBIOL 4505 [0.5] Coral ReefsBIOL 4506 [0.5] Cactus BiologyBIOL 4602 [0.5] Evolutionary Applications across

Disciplines: From Medicine toConservation

BIOL 4603 [0.5] Insect Evolution and BiologyBIOL 4604 [0.5] Landscape Ecology

7. 0.5 credit in: 0.5BIOL 3901 [0.5] Research Proposal

or BIOL 4901 [0.5]Directed Special Studiesor BIOL at 4000-level or above

B. Credits Not Included in the Major CGPA (8.5 credits)8. 1.0 credit in: 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5] General Chemistry ICHEM 1002 [0.5] General Chemistry II






11. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty electives 1.012. 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses (not inBIOL)

2.0

Students are encouraged to consider the following coursesas options:

ERTH 2312 [0.5] PaleontologyENSC 3106 [0.5] Aquatic Science and Management

13. 2.0 credits in Approved Courses outside the Facultiesof Science and Engineering and Design (may includeNSCI 1000)

2.0

Students are encouraged to consider the following coursesas options:

ENST 2000 [0.5] Environmental JusticeENST 2001 [0.5] Sustainable Futures: Environmental

Challenges and SolutionsENST 3022 [0.5] Environmental and Natural

ResourcesINDG 2015 [0.5] Indigenous Ecological Ways of

Knowing14. 1.0 credit in free electives 1.0

Total Credits 20.0

Biology with Concentration in Ecology, Evolutionand BehaviourB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits Included in the Major CGPA (11.5 credits)1. 2.5 credits in: 2.5




2. 2.5 credits in: 2.5BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology


Physiology4. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

BIOL 3609 [0.5] Evolutionary ConceptsBIOL 3611 [0.5] Evolutionary EcologyBIOL 3802 [0.5] Animal Behaviour

5. 2.0 credits from: 2.0BIOL 3004 [0.5] Insect DiversityBIOL 3104 [0.5] Molecular GeneticsBIOL 3111 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals,

Reptiles, and BirdsBIOL 3112 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Fish and

AmphibiansBIOL 3202 [0.5] Principles of Developmental

BiologyBIOL 3601 [0.5] Ecosystems and Environmental

ChangeBIOL 3602 [0.5] Conservation BiologyBIOL 3604 [0.5] Statistics for BiologistsBIOL 3605 [0.5] Field Course IBIOL 3609 [0.5] Evolutionary ConceptsBIOL 3608 [0.5] Principles of BiogeographyBIOL 3611 [0.5] Evolutionary EcologyBIOL 3612 [0.5] Computational Methods in Ecology

and EvolutionBIOL 3801 [0.5] Plants and HerbivoresBIOL 3802 [0.5] Animal BehaviourBIOL 3804 [0.5] Social Evolution

6. 2.0 credits from: 2.0BIOL 4102 [0.5] Molecular EcologyBIOL 4103 [0.5] Population GeneticsBIOL 4104 [0.5] Evolutionary GeneticsBIOL 4203 [0.5] Evolution of SexBIOL 4317 [0.5] Neuroethology: The Neural Basis of

Animal Behaviour

























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4 Biology

BIOL 4318 [0.5] Adaptations to ExtremeEnvironments

BIOL 4500 [0.5] The Biology of BirdsBIOL 4501 [0.5] The Taxonomy of BirdsBIOL 4502 [0.5] HerpetologyBIOL 4503 [0.5] Fish Ecology, Conservation and

ManagementBIOL 4504 [0.5] Ecology of Freshwater

InvertebratesBIOL 4505 [0.5] Coral ReefsBIOL 4506 [0.5] Cactus BiologyBIOL 4507 [0.5] Ecological ParasitologyBIOL 4602 [0.5] Evolutionary Applications across

Disciplines: From Medicine toConservation

BIOL 4604 [0.5] Landscape EcologyBIOL 4802 [0.5] Advanced Animal Behaviour

7. 0.5 credit in BIOL at the 2000 level or higher 0.58. 0.5 credit from 0.5

BIOL 3901 [0.5] Research Proposalor BIOL 4901 [0.5]Directed Special Studies

or 4000-level BIOLB. Credits Not Included in the Major CGPA (8.5 credits)9. 1.0 credit in: 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]







12. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives 1.013. 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses (not inBIOL)

2.0


2.0


Total Credits 20.0

Biology with Concentration in Health ScienceB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (11.5 credits)1. 2.5 credits in: 2.5




2. 2.0 credits in: 2.0BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2303 [0.5] Microbiology

3. 1.0 credit in: 1.0BIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

PhysiologyBIOL 3307 [0.5] Advanced Human Anatomy and

Physiology4. 1.0 credit in: 1.0

BIOC 3101 [0.5] General Biochemistry IBIOC 3102 [0.5] General Biochemistry II

5. 1.0 credit from: 1.0BIOL 3008 [0.5] BioinformaticsBIOL 3104 [0.5] Molecular GeneticsBIOL 3201 [0.5] Cell BiologyBIOL 3202 [0.5] Principles of Developmental

BiologyBIOL 3303 [0.5] Experimental MicrobiologyBIOL 3501 [0.5] BiomechanicsBIOL 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue

EngineeringBIOL 4206 [0.5] Human GeneticsBIOL 4207 [0.5] Advanced Embryology &

Developmental BiologyBIOL 4303 [0.5] Advances in MicrobiologyBIOL 4318 [0.5] Adaptations to Extreme

Environments6. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

BIOC 4009 [0.5] Biochemistry of DiseaseBIOC 4708 [0.5] Principles of ToxicologyBIOL 4106 [0.5] Advances in Molecular BiologyBIOL 4200 [0.5] ImmunologyBIOL 4202 [0.5] Mutagenesis and DNA RepairBIOL 4306 [0.5] Animal NeurophysiologyBIOL 4309 [0.5] Studies in Human PerformanceBIOL 4319 [0.5] Studies in Exercise Physiology

7. 1.0 credit from BIOL or BIOC at the 3000-level orhigher

1.0

8. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 3901 [0.5] Research ProposalBIOL 4901 [0.5] Directed Special Studiesor 4000-level BIOL

9. 1.0 credit from: 1.0NEUR 2201 [0.5] Cellular and Molecular

NeuroscienceNEUR 2202 [0.5] Neurodevelopment and PlasticityNEUR 3204 [0.5] NeuropharmacologyPSYC 2301 [0.5] Introduction to Health Psychology

10. 0.5 credit from: 0.5PHIL 2408 [0.5] BioethicsGEOG 3206 [0.5] Health, Environment, and SocietyANTH 3310 [0.5] Studies in Medical AnthropologySOCI 3050 [0.5] Studies in the Sociology of HealthSOCI 3056 [0.5] Women and Health

B. Credits not included in the Major CGPA (8.5 credits)11. 2.0 credits from: 2.0






























































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/search/?P=PSYC%202301

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/search/?P=SOCI%203050

/search/?P=SOCI%203056


CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 2203 [0.5]& CHEM 2204 [0.5]


CHEM 2207 [0.5]& CHEM 2208 [0.5]

Introduction to Organic Chemistry IIntroduction to Organic Chemistry II






14. 1.0 credit in: 1.0PSYC 1001 [0.5] Introduction to Psychology IPSYC 1002 [0.5] Introduction to Psychology II

15. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives 1.016. 1.0 credit in Science Continuation courses (not inBIOL)

1.0

17. 1.0 credit in Approved Courses Outside the Facultiesof Science and Engineering and Design (may includeNSCI 1000)

1.0


Total Credits 20.0

Biology with Concentration in Molecular andCellular BiologyB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (11.5 credits)1. 2.5 credits in: 2.5




2. 2.5 credits in: 2.5BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2303 [0.5] Microbiology

3. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 3205 [0.5] Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyBIOL 3303 [0.5] Experimental MicrobiologyBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative



5. 1.0 credit in: 1.0

BIOL 3104 [0.5] Molecular GeneticsBIOL 3201 [0.5] Cell Biology

6. 2.0 credits from: 2.0BIOL 3008 [0.5] BioinformaticsBIOL 3202 [0.5] Principles of Developmental

BiologyBIOL 4008 [0.5] Molecular Plant DevelopmentBIOL 4106 [0.5] Advances in Molecular BiologyBIOL 4109 [0.5] Laboratory Techniques in Molecular

GeneticsBIOL 4200 [0.5] ImmunologyBIOL 4202 [0.5] Mutagenesis and DNA RepairBIOL 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue

EngineeringBIOL 4207 [0.5] Advanced Embryology &

Developmental BiologyBIOL 4303 [0.5] Advances in Microbiology

7. 0.5 credit in BIOL or BIOC at the 2000 level or higher 0.58. 1.0 credit in BIOL or BIOC at the 3000 level or higher 1.09. 0.5 credit from: 0.5

BIOL 3901 [0.5] Research ProposalBIOL 4901 [0.5] Directed Special Studiesor 4000-level BIOL

B. Credits Not Included in the Major CGPA (8.5 credits)10. 2.0 credits in: 2.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 2203 [0.5]& CHEM 2204 [0.5]







13. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives 1.014. 1.0 credit in Science Continuation courses (not inBIOL)

1.0


2.0


Total Credits 20.0

Biology with Concentration in PhysiologyB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits Included in the Major CGPA (11.5 credits)1. 2.5 credits in: 2.5


Interpretation


































































6 Biology

BIOL 4905 [1.0] Honours Workshopor BIOL 4907 [1.0]Honours Essay and Research Proposalor BIOL 4908 [1.0]Honours Research Thesis

2. 2.0 credits in: 2.0BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry

3. 1.5 credits in: 1.5BIOL 3205 [0.5] Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

PhysiologyBIOL 3307 [0.5] Advanced Human Anatomy and



5. 2.0 credits from: 2.0BIOL 3111 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals,

Reptiles, and BirdsBIOL 3112 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Fish and

AmphibiansBIOL 3201 [0.5] Cell BiologyBIOL 3202 [0.5] Principles of Developmental

BiologyBIOL 3501 [0.5] BiomechanicsBIOL 3802 [0.5] Animal BehaviourBIOL 4008 [0.5] Molecular Plant DevelopmentBIOL 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue

EngineeringBIOC 4203 [0.5] Advanced MetabolismBIOL 4209 [0.5] Advanced Plant PhysiologyBIOL 4306 [0.5] Animal NeurophysiologyBIOL 4309 [0.5] Studies in Human PerformanceBIOL 4317 [0.5] Neuroethology: The Neural Basis of

Animal BehaviourBIOL 4318 [0.5] Adaptations to Extreme

EnvironmentsBIOL 4319 [0.5] Studies in Exercise Physiology

6. 1.5 credit in BIOL at the 2000-level or higher 1.57. 0.5 credit in BIOL or BIOC at the 3000-level or higher 0.58. 0.5 credit from: 0.5

BIOL 3901 [0.5] Research ProposalBIOL 4901 [0.5] Directed Special Studies4000-level BIOL

B. Credits not included in the Major CGPA (8.5 credits)9. 2.0 credits from: 2.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 2203 [0.5]& CHEM 2204 [0.5]

Organic Chemistry IOrganic Chemistry II (or)

CHEM 2207 [0.5]& CHEM 2208 [0.5]

Introduction to Organic Chemistry IIntroduction to Organic Chemistry II


11. 1.0 credit from: 1.0PHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics I



MotionCOMP 1005 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science ICOMP 1006 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science IIMATH 1107 [0.5] Linear Algebra ISTAT 2507 [0.5] Introduction to Statistical Modeling I

12. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty electives 1.013. 1.0 credit in Science Continuation courses (not inBIOL)

1.0


2.0

15. 1.0 credit in free electives 1.0

Total Credits 20.0

BiologyB.Sc. Major (20.0 credits)A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (9.5 credits)1. 1.5 credit in: 1.5


Interpretation2. 2.5 credits from: 2.5

BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory Genetics

or BIOL 2107 [0.5]Fundamentals of GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry

or BIOL 2201 [0.5]Cell Biology and BiochemistryBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology

3. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 3205 [0.5] Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyBIOL 3306 [0.5] Human Anatomy and Physiology

4. 3.0 credits in BIOL at the 3000-level or higher 3.05. 2.0 credits in Advanced Science Faculty electives 2.0B. Credits Not Included in the Major CGPA (10.5credits)6. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 1005 [0.5]& CHEM 1006 [0.5]

Elementary Chemistry IElementary Chemistry II (See Note2, below)


8. 1.0 credit from: 1.0MATH 1107 [0.5] Linear Algebra ICOMP 1005 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science ICOMP 1006 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science IIPHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics I












































































9. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives 1.010. 2.0 credits in Advanced Science Faculty Electives 2.011. 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses (not inBIOL)

2.0


2.0


Total Credits 20.0

BiologyB.Sc. (15.0 credits)Note: some advanced Biology courses with laboratorycomponents will not be available to students enrolling inthe B.Sc. program.

A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (6.5 credits)1. 1.5 credit in: 1.5



BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2107 [0.5] Fundamentals of GeneticsBIOL 2201 [0.5] Cell Biology and BiochemistryBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology

3. 0.5 credit in: 0.5BIOL 3306 [0.5] Human Anatomy and Physiology

4. 2.5 credits from BIOL at the 2000-level and 3000-levelor higher

2.5

B. Credits Not Included in the Major CGPA (8.5 credits)5. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 1005 [0.5]& CHEM 1006 [0.5]

Elementary Chemistry IElementary Chemistry II (See Note2, below)






8. 2.0 credits in Science Continuation (not in BIOL) 2.09. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives 1.010. 2.0 credits in Approved Courses Outside theFaculties of Science and Engineering and Design (mayinclude NSCI 1000)

2.0


Total Credits 15.0

Biology and BiotechnologyB.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits Included in the Major CGPA (13 credits)1. 6.5 credits in: 6.5


InterpretationBIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2301 [0.5] Biotechnology IBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 3104 [0.5] Molecular GeneticsBIOL 3201 [0.5] Cell BiologyBIOL 3301 [0.5] Biotechnology IIBIOL 4301 [0.5] Current Topics in Biotechnology

2. 1.5 credit in: 1.5BUSI 2800 [0.5] EntrepreneurshipBIOC 3101 [0.5] General Biochemistry IBIOC 3102 [0.5] General Biochemistry II

3. 4.0 credits from: 4.0BIOC 2300 [0.5] Physical Biochemistry

or CHEM 2103 [0.5]Physical Chemistry IBIOC 3008 [0.5] BioinformaticsBIOC 3103 [0.5] Practical Biochemistry IBIOC 3104 [0.5] Practical Biochemistry IIBIOC 3202 [0.5] Biophysical Techniques and

ApplicationsBIOL 3004 [0.5] Insect DiversityBIOL 3102 [0.5] MycologyBIOL 3205 [0.5] Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyBIOL 3303 [0.5] Experimental MicrobiologyBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

PhysiologyBIOL 3501 [0.5] BiomechanicsBIOL 3901 [0.5] Research ProposalCHEM 3700 [0.5] Industrial Applications of ChemistryCHEM 3800 [0.5] The Chemistry of Environmental

PollutantsFOOD 3005 [0.5] Food MicrobiologyBIOC 4001 [0.5] Methods in BiochemistryBIOC 4004 [0.5] Industrial BiochemistryBIOC 4005 [0.5] Biochemical RegulationBIOC 4007 [0.5] Membrane BiochemistryBIOC 4008 [0.5] Computational Systems BiologyBIOC 4009 [0.5] Biochemistry of DiseaseBIOC 4203 [0.5] Advanced MetabolismBIOC 4204 [0.5] Protein BiotechnologyBIOC 4708 [0.5] Principles of ToxicologyBIOL 4106 [0.5] Advances in Molecular BiologyBIOL 4109 [0.5] Laboratory Techniques in Molecular

GeneticsBIOL 4200 [0.5] Immunology







































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8 Biology

BIOL 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and TissueEngineering

BIOL 4202 [0.5] Mutagenesis and DNA RepairBIOL 4206 [0.5] Human GeneticsBIOL 4304 [0.5] Forensic BiologyBIOL 4901 [0.5] Directed Special StudiesTSES 4001 [0.5] Technology and Society: RiskTSES 4002 [0.5] Technology and Society:

Forecasting4. 1.0 credit in: 1.0


B. Credits Not Included in the Major CGPA (7.0 credits)5. 2.0 credits in: 2.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 2203 [0.5]& CHEM 2204 [0.5]

Organic Chemistry IOrganic Chemistry II (See Note,below)


7. 1.5 credits from: 1.5COMP 1005 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science ICOMP 1006 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science IIMATH 1107 [0.5] Linear Algebra IPHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics I




8. 2.0 credits in Approved Courses Outside the Facultiesof Science and Engineering and Design (may includeNSCI 1000)

2.0


Total Credits 20.0

Biology and Earth SciencesB.Sc. Combined Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits Included in the Major CGPA (12.0 credits)1. 1.5 credits in: 1.5

BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IBIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IIBIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and Function

2. 1.0 credit in: 1.0ERTH 1006 [0.5] Exploring Planet EarthERTH 1009 [0.5] The Earth System Through Time

3. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 2600 [0.5] EcologyBIOL 3605 [0.5] Field Course I

4. 3.5 credits in BIOL or BIOC, with at least 1.0 credit atthe 3000-level and 1.0 credit at the 4000-level

3.5

5. 3.0 credits in: 3.0ERTH 2102 [0.5] Mineralogy to PetrologyERTH 2312 [0.5] PaleontologyERTH 2314 [0.5] Sedimentation and Stratigraphy

ERTH 3111 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals,Reptiles, and Birds

ERTH 3112 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Fish andAmphibians

ERTH 3113 [0.5] Geology of Human Origins6. 0.5 credit from: 0.5

ERTH 3203 [0.5] SedimentologyERTH 3206 [0.5] Sedimentary Depositional Systems

7. 1.0 credit in ERTH at the 4000-level 1.08. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

BIOL 4905 [1.0] Honours WorkshopBIOL 4907 [1.0] Honours Essay and Research

ProposalBIOL 4908 [1.0] Honours Research ThesisERTH 4908 [1.0] Honours ThesisERTH 4909 [0.5] Research in Earth Sciences (and

0.5 credit in ERTH at the 4000-level)


MATH 1007 [0.5] Elementary Calculus IMATH 1107 [0.5] Linear Algebra I

10. 1.0 credit from: 1.0CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 1005 [0.5]& CHEM 1006 [0.5]

Elementary Chemistry IElementary Chemistry II

11. 1.0 credit in: 1.0PHYS 1007 [0.5]& PHYS 1008 [0.5]


12. 0.5 credit in: 0.5STAT 2507 [0.5] Introduction to Statistical Modeling I

13. 0.5 credit in: 0.5COMP 1005 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science I

14. 1.0 credit in Science Continuation courses 1.015. 2.0 credits in Approved Courses Outside theFaculties of Science and Engineering and Design (mayinclude NSCI 1000)

2.0


Total Credits 20.0

Biology and PhysicsB.Sc. Combined Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits Included in the Major CGPA (12.5 credits)1. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

PHYS 1001 [0.5]& PHYS 1002 [0.5]

Foundations of Physics IFoundations of Physics II(recommended)

PHYS 1003 [0.5]& PHYS 1004 [0.5]

Introductory Mechanics andThermodynamicsIntroductory Electromagnetism andWave Motion

PHYS 1007 [0.5]& PHYS 1008 [0.5]

Elementary University Physics IElementary University Physics II(with an average grade of B- orhigher)

2. 3.5 credits in: 3.5PHYS 2604 [0.5] Modern Physics IPHYS 2202 [0.5] Wave Motion and OpticsPHYS 2305 [0.5] Electricity and Magnetism






/search/?P=TSES%204001




























































PHYS 2401 [0.5] Thermal PhysicsPHYS 3007 [0.5] Third Year Physics Laboratory:

Selected Experiments andSeminars

PHYS 3207 [0.5] Topics in BiophysicsPHYS 3701 [0.5] Elements of Quantum Mechanics

3. 1.0 credit from: 1.0PHYS 3308 [0.5] ElectromagnetismPHYS 3606 [0.5] Modern Physics IIPHYS 3802 [0.5] Advanced Dynamics

4. 1.0 credit from: 1.0PHYS 3308 [0.5] ElectromagnetismPHYS 3606 [0.5] Modern Physics IIPHYS 3802 [0.5] Advanced DynamicsPHYS 3807 [0.5] Mathematical Physics IPHYS 4203 [0.5] Physical Applications of Fourier

AnalysisPHYS 4409 [0.5] Thermodynamics and Statistical

PhysicsPHYS 4707 [0.5] Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

I5. 4.0 credits from: 4.0

BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IBIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IIBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 3201 [0.5] Cell BiologyBIOL 3104 [0.5] Molecular GeneticsBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

Physiology6. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

BIOL 3501 [0.5] BiomechanicsBIOL 4106 [0.5] Advances in Molecular BiologyBIOL 4109 [0.5] Laboratory Techniques in Molecular

GeneticsBIOL 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue

EngineeringBIOL 4202 [0.5] Mutagenesis and DNA RepairBIOL 4301 [0.5] Current Topics in BiotechnologyBIOL 4306 [0.5] Animal NeurophysiologyBIOL 4309 [0.5] Studies in Human PerformanceBIOL 4319 [0.5] Studies in Exercise Physiology

7. 1.0 credit from: 1.0BIOL 4905 [1.0] Honours WorkshopBIOL 4907 [1.0] Honours Essay and Research

ProposalBIOL 4908 [1.0] Honours Research ThesisPHYS 4909 [1.0] Fourth-Year ProjectPHYS 4907 plus 0.5 credit 4000-level PHYSPHYS 4908 plus 0.5 credit 4000-level PHYS


CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


9. 1.5 credits in: 1.5MATH 1004 [0.5] Calculus for Engineering or Physics

MATH 1005 [0.5] Differential Equations and InfiniteSeries for Engineering or Physics

MATH 1104 [0.5] Linear Algebra for Engineering orScience

10. 2.0 credits in: 2.0STAT 2507 [0.5] Introduction to Statistical Modeling IMATH 2004 [0.5] Multivariable Calculus for

Engineering or PhysicsMATH 3705 [0.5] Mathematical Methods IMATH 3800 [0.5] Mathematical Modeling and

Computational Methods11. 0.5 credit in: 0.5

COMP 1005 [0.5] Introduction to Computer Science I12. 2.0 credits in approved courses outside the facultiesof Science and Engineering and Design (may includeNSCI 1000)

2.0


Total Credits 20.0

Neuroscience and BiologyB.Sc. Combined Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits Included in the Major CGPA (14.5 credits)1. 5.5 credits in: 5.5

NEUR 1202 [0.5] Neuroscience of Mental Health andPsychiatric Disease

NEUR 1203 [0.5] Neuroscience of Mental Health andNeurological Disease

NEUR 2001 [0.5] Introduction to Research Methodsin Neuroscience

NEUR 2002 [0.5] Introduction to Statistics inNeuroscience

NEUR 2201 [0.5] Cellular and MolecularNeuroscience

NEUR 2202 [0.5] Neurodevelopment and PlasticityNEUR 3001 [0.5] Data Analysis in Neuroscience INEUR 3002 [0.5] Data Analysis in Neuroscience IINEUR 3204 [0.5] NeuropharmacologyNEUR 3206 [0.5] Sensory and Motor NeuroscienceNEUR 3207 [0.5] Systems Neuroscience

2. 3.0 credits in: 3.0BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IBIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IIBIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

Physiology3. 1.5 credits in BIOL or BIOC at the 3000 level or above 1.54. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

NEUR 3301 [0.5] Genetics of Mental HealthNEUR 3303 [0.5] The Neuroscience of

ConsciousnessNEUR 3304 [0.5] Hormones and BehaviourNEUR 3401 [0.5] Environmental Toxins and Mental

HealthNEUR 3402 [0.5] Impact of Lifestyle and Social

Interactions on Mental HealthNEUR 3403 [0.5] Stress and Mental HealthNEUR 3501 [0.5] Neurodegeneration and Aging










































































10 Biology

NEUR 3502 [0.5] Neurodevelopmental Determinantsof Mental Health

NEUR 4301 [0.5] Neurobiology of EnergyHomeostasis

NEUR 4302 [0.5] Sex and the BrainNEUR 4303 [0.5] Indigenous Health & Mental HealthNEUR 4305 [0.5] Immune-Brain InteractionsNEUR 4306 [0.5] The Neural Basis of AddictionNEUR 4600 [0.5] Advanced Lab in Neuroanatomy

5. 2.0 credits from: 2.0BIOC 4007 [0.5] Membrane BiochemistryBIOL 2600 [0.5] EcologyBIOL 2301 [0.5] Biotechnology IBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 3307 [0.5] Advanced Human Anatomy and

PhysiologyBIOL 3605 [0.5] Field Course IBIOL 3609 [0.5] Evolutionary ConceptsBIOL 3802 [0.5] Animal BehaviourBIOL 3804 [0.5] Social EvolutionBIOL 4306 [0.5] Animal NeurophysiologyBIOL 4317 [0.5] Neuroethology: The Neural Basis of

Animal BehaviourBIOL 4802 [0.5] Advanced Animal BehaviourCHEM 2204 [0.5] Organic Chemistry II

6. 0.5 credit from: 0.5NEUR 4200 [0.5] Seminar on Current Advances in

NeuroscienceNEUR 4202 [0.5] Seminar on Current Research

in Neuroscience and PsychiatricDisease

NEUR 4203 [0.5] Seminar on Current Researchin Neuroscience and ClinicalNeurology

7. 1.0 credit in neurophysiology, animal behaviour,neuropsychology or a related topic from:

1.0

NEUR 4905 [1.0] Honours WorkshopNEUR 4907 [1.0] Honours Essay and Research

ProposalNEUR 4908 [1.0] Honours Research ThesisBIOL 4905 [1.0] Honours WorkshopBIOL 4907 [1.0] Honours Essay and Research

ProposalBIOL 4908 [1.0] Honours Research Thesis

B. Credits not included in the Major CGPA (5.5 credits)8. 1.0 credit in: 1.0

MATH 1007 [0.5] Elementary Calculus IMATH 1107 [0.5] Linear Algebra I

9. 1.5 credits in: 1.5CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 2203 [0.5] Organic Chemistry I10. 1.0 credit in: 1.0

PHYS 1007 [0.5]& PHYS 1008 [0.5]


11. 2.0 credits in approved courses outside of thefaculties of Science and Engineering and Design (mayinclude NSCI 1000)

2.0

Total Credits 20.0

BiologyB.A. Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (8.0 credits)1. 1.5 credit in: 1.5






3. 0.5 credit from: 0.5BIOL 3205 [0.5] Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyBIOL 3303 [0.5] Experimental MicrobiologyBIOL 3305 [0.5] Human and Comparative

PhysiologyBIOL 3306 [0.5] Human Anatomy and Physiology

4. 1.5 credit in BIOL at the 3000-level or higher 1.55. 1.0 credits in BIOL 1.06. 1.0 credit from: 1.0


B. Credits not included in the Major CGPA (12.0credits)7. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 1005 [0.5]& CHEM 1006 [0.5]


8. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives at the 2000-level or higher, not in BIOL

1.0

9. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives not in BIOL 1.010. 2.0 credits in approved courses at the 2000 leveloutside of the faculties of Science and Engineering andDesign

2.0

11. 4.0 credits in approved courses outside of thefaculties of Science and Engineering and Design (mayinclude NSCI 1000)

4.0

12. 1.0 credit at the 3000- or 4000-level 1.013. 2.0 credits in free electives. 2.0

Total Credits 20.0

BiologyB.A. (15.0 credits)Note: some advanced Biology courses with laboratorycomponents will not be available to students enrolling inthe B.A. program.

A. Credits included in the Major CGPA (6.0 credits)1. 1.5 credit in: 1.5

































































BIOL 1105 [0.5] Biological Methods, Analysis andInterpretation

2. 2.0 credits from: 2.0BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2107 [0.5] Fundamentals of GeneticsBIOL 2201 [0.5] Cell Biology and BiochemistryBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology

3. 2.5 credits in BIOL 2.5B. Credits not included in the Major CGPA (9.0 credits)4. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 1005 [0.5]& CHEM 1006 [0.5]


5. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives, not in BIOL 1.06. 4.0 credits in approved courses outside of the facultiesof Science and Engineering and Design (but may includeNSCI 1000)

4.0

7. 1.0 credit at the 2000-level or higher 1.08. 2.0 credits in free electives. 2.0

Total Credits 15.0

BiologyB.A. Combined Honours (20.0 credits)A. Credits included in the Biology Major CGPA (7.0credits)1. 1.5 credit in: 1.5






3. 1.0 credit in BIOL at the 3000-level or higher 1.04. 1.0 credit from: 1.0


or equivalent from the other Honours department5. 1.0 credits from BIOL 1.0B. Additional Requirements (13.0 credits)6. 1.0 credit from: 1.0

CHEM 1001 [0.5]& CHEM 1002 [0.5]


CHEM 1005 [0.5]& CHEM 1006 [0.5]


7. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives, not in BIOL, atthe 2000-level or higher

1.0

8. 1.0 credit in Science Faculty Electives, not in BIOL 1.0

9. 7.0 credits in approved courses outside of the facultiesof Science and Engineering and Design (may includeNSCI 1000), to include the requirements for the otherdiscipline

7.0

10. 3.0 credits in free electives. 3.0

Total Credits 20.0

Minor in Biology (4.0 credits)The Minor in Biology is available to students registeredin degree programs other than those offered by theDepartment of Biology.

Requirements (4.0 credits)1. 1.0 credit in: 1.0


2. 1.0 credit from: 1.0BIOL 1105 [0.5] Biological Methods, Analysis and

InterpretationBIOL 1010 [0.5] Biotechnology and SocietyBIOL 1902 [0.5] Natural HistoryBIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2005 [0.5] Human BiologyBIOL 2107 [0.5] Fundamentals of GeneticsBIOL 2201 [0.5] Cell Biology and BiochemistryBIOL 2303 [0.5] MicrobiologyBIOL 2903 [0.5] Natural History and Ecology of

Ontario3. 1.0 credit in BIOL at the 2000-level or higher 1.04. 1.0 credit in BIOL at the 3000-level or higher 1.0

Total Credits 4.0

Co-operative EducationFor more information about how to apply for the Co-opprogram and how the Co-op program works please visitthe Co-op website.

All students participating in the Co-op program aregoverned by the Undergraduate Co-operative EducationPolicy.

Undergraduate Co-operative Education PolicyAdmission RequirementsStudents can apply to co-op in one of two ways; directlyfrom high school or after beginning a degree program atCarleton.

If a student is admitted to co-op from high school, theirgrades will be reviewed two terms to one year prior totheir first work term to ensure they continue to meet theacademic requirements after their 1st or 2nd year of study.The time at which evaluation takes place depends on theprogram of study. Students will automatically be notifiedvia their Carleton email account if they are permitted tocontinue.

Students not admitted to Carleton University with the co-op option on their degree can apply for admission viathe co-operative education program website. To viewapplication deadlines, visit carleton.ca/co-op.












































https://carleton.ca/co-op/

http://carleton.ca/co-op/

12 Biology

Admission to the co-op option is based on the completionof 5.0 or more credits at Carleton University, the CGPArequirement for the students' academic program as wellas any course prerequisites. The articulated CGPA foreach program is the normal standard for assessment.Please see the specific degree program sections for theunique admission and continuation requirements for eachacademic program.

Participation RequirementsCOOP 1000Once a student has been given admission or continuationconfirmation to the co-op option s/he must complete andpass COOP 1000 (a mandatory online 0.0 credit course).Students will have access to this course a minimum of twoterms prior to their first work term and will be notified whento register.

Communication with the Co-op OfficeStudents must maintain contact with the co-op officeduring their job search and while on a work term. Allemail communication will be conducted via the students'Carleton email account.

EmploymentAlthough every effort is made to ensure a sufficientnumber of job postings for all students enrolled in theco-op option of their degree program, no guarantee ofemployment can be made. Carleton's co-op programoperates a competitive job search process and isdependent upon current market conditions. Academicperformance, skills, motivation, maturity, attitude andpotential will determine whether a student is offered a job.It is the student's responsibility to actively conduct a jobsearch in addition to participation in the job search processoperated by the co-op office. Once a student accepts a co-op job offer (verbally or written), his/her job search will endand access to co-op jobs will be removed for that term.Students that do not successfully obtain a co-op work termare expected to continue with their academic studies. Thesummer term is the exception to this rule. Students shouldalso note that hiring priority is given to Canadian citizensfor co-op positions in the Federal Government of Canada.

Registering in Co-op CoursesStudents will be registered in a Co-op Work Term coursewhile at work. The number of Co-op Work Term coursesthat a student is registered in is dependent upon thenumber of four-month work terms that a student accepts.

While on a co-op work term students may take a maximumof 0.5 credit throughout each four-month co-op work term.Courses must be scheduled outside of regular workinghours.

Students must be registered as full-time before theybegin their co-op job search (2.0 credits). All co-op workterms must be completed before the beginning of the finalacademic term. Students may not finish their degree on aco-op work term.

Work Term Assessment and EvaluationTo obtain a Satisfactory grade for the co-op work termstudents must have:

1. A satisfactory work term evaluation by the co-opemployer;

2. A satisfactory grade on the work term report.

Students must submit a work term report at the completionof each four-month work term. Reports are due on the16th of April, August, and December and students arenotified of due dates through their Carleton email account.

Workplace performance will be assessed by the workplacesupervisor. Should a student receive an unsatisfactoryrating from their co-op employer, an investigation bythe co-op program manager will be undertaken. Anunsatisfactory employer evaluation does not preclude astudent from achieving an overall satisfactory rating for thework term.

Graduation with the Co-op DesignationIn order to graduate with the co-op designation, studentsmust satisfy all requirements for their degree programin addition to the requirements according to each co-opprogram (i.e. successful completion of three or four workterms).

Note: Participation in the co-op option will add up to oneadditional year for a student to complete their degreeprogram.

Voluntary Withdrawal from the Co-op OptionStudents may withdraw from the co-op option of theirdegree program during a study term ONLY. Students atwork may not withdraw from the work term or the co-opoption until s/he has completed the requirements of thework term.

Students are eligible to continue in their regular academicprogram provided that they meet the academic standardsrequired for continuation.

Involuntary or Required Withdrawal from the Co-opOptionStudents may be required to withdraw from the co-opoption of their degree program for one or any of thefollowing reasons:

1. Failure to achieve a grade of SAT in COOP 10002. Failure to pay all co-op related fees3. Failure to actively participate in the job search process4. Failure to attend all interviews for positions to which

the student has applied5. Declining more than one job offer during the job search

process6. Continuing a job search after accepting a co-op

position7. Dismissal from a work term by the co-op employer8. Leaving a work term without approval by the Co-op

manager9. Receipt of an unsatisfactory work term evaluation

10. Submission of an unsatisfactory work term report

Standing and AppealsThe Co-op and Career Services office administers theregulations and procedures that are applicable to all co-op program options. All instances of a student's failure

/search/?P=COOP%201000

/search/?P=COOP%201000


during a work term or other issues directly related to theirparticipation in the co-op option will be reported to theacademic department.

Any decision made by the Co-op and Career Servicesoffice can be appealed via the normal appeal processwithin the University.

International StudentsAll International Students are required to possess a Co-op Work Permit issued by Immigration, Refugees andCitizenship Canada before they can begin working. It isillegal to work in Canada without the proper authorization.Students will be provided with a letter of support toaccompany their application. Students must submit theirapplication for their permit before being permitted toview and apply for jobs on the Co-op Services database.Confirmation of a position will not be approved until astudent can confirm they have received their permit.Students are advised to discuss the application processand requirements with the International Student ServicesOffice.

B.Sc. Honours Biology, Bioinformatics: Co-opAdmission and Continuation Requirements

• Maintain full-time status in each study term (2.0credits);

• Be eligible to work in Canada (for off-campus work)• Have successfully completed COOP 1000 [0.0]

In addition to the following:

1. Completion of 5.0 or more credits at CarletonUniversity;

2. Registered as a full-time student in the Bachelor ofScience Honours degree program;

3. Obtained and maintained a major CGPA of 8.0 orhigher and an overall CGPA of 6.50 or higher

B.Sc. Honours Biology and Bioinformatics students mustsuccessfully complete three (3) work terms to obtain theCo-op designation.

Work Term Course: BIOL 3999Work/Study Pattern:Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

Term Pattern Term Pattern Term Pattern Term Pattern Term Pattern

Fall S Fall S Fall S Fall *W/S Fall S

Winter S Winter S Winter S Winter *W/S Winter S

Summer**O/W Summer*W SummerO/W SummerO/W

LegendS: StudyW: WorkO: Optional* indicates recommended work study pattern** student finds own employer for this work-term.

B.Sc. RegulationsThe regulations presented in this section apply toall Bachelor of Science programs. In addition to therequirements presented here, students must satisfy theUniversity regulations common to all undergraduatestudents including the process of Academic Performance

Evaluation (see the Academic Regulations of theUniversity section of this Calendar).

Breadth Requirement for the B.Sc.Students in a Bachelor of Science program must presentthe following credits at graduation:

1. 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses not inthe major discipline; students completing a doublemajor are considered to have completed thisrequirement providing they have 2.0 credits inscience continuation courses in each of the twomajors

2. 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties ofScience and Engineering and Design (but may includeNSCI 1000)

In most cases, the requirements for individual B.Sc.programs, as stated in this Calendar, contain theserequirements, explicitly or implicitly.

Students admitted to B.Sc. programs by transfer fromanother institution must present at graduation (whethertaken at Carleton or elsewhere):

1. 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties ofScience and Engineering and Design (but may includeNSCI 1000) if, on transfer, the student received creditfor fewer than 10.0 credits.

2. 1.0 credit in courses outside of the faculties of Scienceand Engineering and Design (but may include NSCI1000) if, on transfer, the student received credit for10.0 or more credits.

Declared and Undeclared StudentsStudents who are registered in a program within thedegree are called Declared students. Most studentsdesignate a program of study when they first applyfor admission and so begin their studies as Declaredstudents. Students may also choose to begin their studieswithin the B.Sc. degree without being registered in aprogram. These students are referred to as Undeclaredstudents. The recommended course pattern forUndeclared students is provided in the Undeclared entryof the Programs section of this Calendar. Undeclaredstudents normally must apply to enter a program beforebeginning their second year of study. The Science StudentSuccess Centre (SSSC) provides Undeclared studentsguidance to the appropriate support services in makingthis decision.

Change of Program within the B.Sc. DegreeStudents may transfer to a program within the B.Sc.degree if upon entry to the new program they would be ingood academic standing.

Other applications for change of program will beconsidered on their merits; students may be acceptedin the new program in Good Standing or on AcademicWarning.

Applications to declare or change their program withinthe B.Sc. Degree must be made online through CarletonCentral by completing a Change of Program Elements(COPE) application form within the published deadlines.Acceptance into a program or into a program element

http://calendar.carleton.ca/search/?P=COOP%201000


14 Biology

or option is subject to any enrolment, and/or specificprogram, program element or option requirements aspublished in the relevant Calendar entry.

Minors, Concentrations and SpecializationsStudents may add a minor, concentration or specializationby completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE)application form online through Carleton Central.Acceptance into a minor, concentration or specializationrequires that the student be in Good Standing and issubject to any specific requirements of the intendedMinor, Concentration or Specialization as published in therelevant Calendar entry.

Experimental Science RequirementStudents in a B.Sc. degree program must present atgraduation at least two full credits of experimental sciencechosen from two different departments or institutes fromthe list below:

Approved Experimental Science CoursesBiochemistryBIOC 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOC 4001 [0.5] Methods in BiochemistryBIOC 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue

EngineeringBiologyBIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IBIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology IIBIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and FunctionBIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and FunctionBIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory GeneticsBIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular BiochemistryBIOL 2600 [0.5] EcologyChemistryCHEM 1001 [0.5] General Chemistry ICHEM 1002 [0.5] General Chemistry IICHEM 1005 [0.5] Elementary Chemistry ICHEM 1006 [0.5] Elementary Chemistry IICHEM 2103 [0.5] Physical Chemistry ICHEM 2203 [0.5] Organic Chemistry ICHEM 2204 [0.5] Organic Chemistry IICHEM 2302 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry ICHEM 2303 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry IICHEM 2800 [0.5] Foundations for Environmental

ChemistryEarth SciencesERTH 1006 [0.5] Exploring Planet EarthERTH 1009 [0.5] The Earth System Through TimeERTH 2102 [0.5] Mineralogy to PetrologyERTH 2404 [0.5] Engineering GeoscienceERTH 2802 [0.5] Field Geology IERTH 3111 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals,

Reptiles, and BirdsERTH 3112 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Fish and

AmphibiansERTH 3204 [0.5] Mineral DepositsERTH 3205 [0.5] Physical HydrogeologyERTH 3806 [0.5] Structural GeologyFood Sciences

FOOD 3001 [0.5] Food ChemistryFOOD 3002 [0.5] Food AnalysisFOOD 3005 [0.5] Food MicrobiologyGeographyGEOG 1010 [0.5] Global Environmental SystemsGEOG 3108 [0.5] Soil PropertiesNeuroscienceNEUR 3206 [0.5] Sensory and Motor NeuroscienceNEUR 3207 [0.5] Systems NeuroscienceNEUR 4600 [0.5] Advanced Lab in NeuroanatomyPhysicsPHYS 1001 [0.5] Foundations of Physics IPHYS 1002 [0.5] Foundations of Physics IIPHYS 1003 [0.5] Introductory Mechanics and

ThermodynamicsPHYS 1004 [0.5] Introductory Electromagnetism and

Wave MotionPHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics IPHYS 1008 [0.5] Elementary University Physics IIPHYS 2202 [0.5] Wave Motion and OpticsPHYS 2604 [0.5] Modern Physics IPHYS 3007 [0.5] Third Year Physics Laboratory:

Selected Experiments andSeminars

PHYS 3606 [0.5] Modern Physics IIPHYS 3608 [0.5] Modern Applied Physics

Course Categories for B.Sc. ProgramsScience Geography Courses

GEOG 1010 [0.5] Global Environmental SystemsGEOG 2006 [0.5] Introduction to Quantitative

ResearchGEOG 2013 [0.5] Weather and WaterGEOG 2014 [0.5] The Earth's SurfaceGEOG 3003 [0.5] Quantitative GeographyGEOG 3010 [0.5] Field Methods in Physical

GeographyGEOG 3102 [0.5] GeomorphologyGEOG 3103 [0.5] Watershed HydrologyGEOG 3104 [0.5] Principles of BiogeographyGEOG 3105 [0.5] Climate and Atmospheric ChangeGEOG 3106 [0.5] Aquatic Science and ManagementGEOG 3108 [0.5] Soil PropertiesGEOG 4000 [0.5] Field StudiesGEOG 4005 [0.5] Directed Studies in GeographyGEOG 4013 [0.5] Cold Region HydrologyGEOG 4017 [0.5] Global Biogeochemical CyclesGEOG 4101 [0.5] Two Million Years of Environmental

ChangeGEOG 4103 [0.5] Water Resources EngineeringGEOG 4104 [0.5] MicroclimatologyGEOG 4108 [0.5] Permafrost

Science Psychology CoursesPSYC 2001 [0.5] Introduction to Research Methods

in PsychologyPSYC 2002 [0.5] Introduction to Statistics in

Psychology









































































PSYC 2700 [0.5] Introduction to CognitivePsychology

PSYC 3000 [1.0] Design and Analysis inPsychological Research

PSYC 3506 [0.5] Cognitive DevelopmentPSYC 3700 [1.0] Cognition (Honours Seminar)PSYC 3702 [0.5] PerceptionPSYC 2307 [0.5] Human Neuropsychology IPSYC 3307 [0.5] Human Neuropsychology II

Science Continuation CoursesA course at the 2000 level or above may be used as aScience Continuation credit in a B.Sc. program if it is notin the student's major discipline, and is chosen from thefollowing:

BIOC (Biochemistry)BIOL (Biology)CHEM (Chemistry)COMP (Computer Science) A maximum of twohalf-credits at the 1000-level in COMP, excludingCOMP 1001 may be used as Science Continuationcredits.ERTH (Earth Sciences), except ERTH 2415 whichmay be used only as a free elective for any B.Sc.program. Students in Earth Sciences programs mayuse ERTH 2401, ERTH 2402, and ERTH 2403 only asfree electives.Engineering. Students wishing to register inEngineering courses must obtain the permission of theFaculty of Engineering and Design.ENSC (Environmental Science)FOOD (Food Science and Nutrition)GEOM (Geomatics)HLTH (Health Sciences)ISAP (Interdisciplinary Science Practice)MATH (Mathematics)NEUR (Neuroscience)PHYS (Physics), except PHYS 2903Science Geography Courses (see list above)Science Psychology Courses (see list above)STAT (Statistics)TSES (Technology, Society, Environment) exceptTSES 2305. Biology students may use these coursesonly as free electives. Integrated Science andEnvironmental Science students may include thesecourses in their programs but may not count them aspart of the Science Sequence.

Science Faculty ElectivesScience Faculty Electives are courses at the 1000-4000level chosen from:

BIOC (Biochemistry)BIOL (Biology) Biology & Biochemistry students mayuse BIOL 1010 and BIOL 2005 only as free electivesCHEM (Chemistry) except CHEM 1003, CHEM 1004and CHEM 1007COMP (Computer Science) except COMP 1001ERTH (Earth Sciences) except ERTH 1010, ERTH 1011and ERTH 2415. Earth Sciences students may useERTH 2401, ERTH 2402, and ERTH 2403 only as freeelectives.Engineering

ENSC 2001FOOD (Food Science and Nutrition)GEOM (Geomatics)HLTH (Health Science)ISAP (Interdisciplinary Science Practice)MATH (Mathematics)NEUR (Neuroscience)PHYS (Physics) except PHYS 1901, PHYS 1902,PHYS 1905, PHYS 2903Science Geography (see list above)Science Psychology (see list above)STAT (Statistics)TSES (Technology, Society, Environment) Biologystudents may use these courses only as free electives.

Advanced Science Faculty ElectivesAdvanced Science Faculty Electives are courses atthe 2000-4000 level chosen from the Science FacultyElectives list above.

Approved Courses Outside the Faculties of Scienceand Engineering and Design (may include NSCI 1000)

All courses offered by the Faculty of Arts and SocialSciences, the Faculty of Public Affairs, and theSprott School of Business are approved as Arts orSocial Sciences courses EXCEPT FOR: All ScienceGeography courses (see list above), all Geomatics(GEOM) courses, all Science Psychology courses(see list above). NSCI 1000 may be used as anApproved Course Outside the Faculties of Science andEngineering and Design.

Free ElectivesAny course is allowable as a Free Elective providing itis not prohibited (see below). Students are expected tocomply with prerequisite requirements and enrolmentrestrictions for all courses as published in this Calendar.Courses Allowable Only as Free Electives in anyB.Sc. ProgramBIOL 4810 [0.5] Education Research in BiologyCHEM 1003 [0.5] The Chemistry of Food, Health and

DrugsCHEM 1004 [0.5] Drugs and the Human BodyCHEM 1007 [0.5] Chemistry of Art and ArtifactsERTH 1010 [0.5] Our Dynamic Planet EarthERTH 1011 [0.5] Evolution of the EarthERTH 2415 [0.5] Natural DisastersISCI 1001 [0.5] Introduction to the EnvironmentISCI 2000 [0.5] Natural LawsISCI 2002 [0.5] Human Impacts on the

EnvironmentMATH 0107 [0.5] Algebra and GeometryPHYS 1901 [0.5] Planetary AstronomyPHYS 1902 [0.5] From our Star to the CosmosPHYS 1905 [0.5] Physics Behind Everyday LifePHYS 2903 [0.5] Physics Towards the Future

Prohibited CoursesThe following courses are not acceptable for credit in anyB.Sc. program:

COMP 1001 [0.5] Introduction to ComputationalThinking for Arts and SocialScience Students



























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16 Biology

MATH 0005 [0.5] Precalculus: Functions and GraphsMATH 0006 [0.5] Precalculus: Trigonometric

Functions and Complex NumbersMATH 1009 [0.5] Mathematics for BusinessMATH 1119 [0.5] Linear Algebra: with Applications to

BusinessMATH 1401 [0.5] Elementary Mathematics for

Economics IMATH 1402 [0.5] Elementary Mathematics for

Economics II

B.A. RegulationsThe regulations presented below apply to all Bachelor ofArts programs. In addition to the requirements presentedhere, students must satisfy the University regulationscommon to all undergraduate students including theprocess of Academic Performance Evaluation (consultthe Academic Regulations of the University section of thisCalendar).

First-Year SeminarsB.A. degree students are strongly encouraged to includea First-Year Seminar (FYSM) during their first 4.0 creditsof registration. Students are limited to 1.0 credit in FYSMand can only register in a FYSM while they have first-year standing in their B.A. program. Students who havecompleted the Enriched Support Program (ESP) or whoare required to take a minimum of one English as aSecond Language (ESLA) credit are not permitted toregister in a FYSM.

Breadth RequirementAmong the credits presented at graduation, studentsin both the B.A. and the B.A. Honours degrees andB.Co.M.S. are required to include 3.0 breadth credits,including 1.0 credit from each of three of the four BreadthAreas identified below. Credits that fulfil requirements inthe Major, Minor, Concentration or Specialization may beused to fulfil the Breadth Requirement.

Students admitted with a completed university degree areexempt from breadth requirements.

Students in the following interdisciplinary programs areexempt from the B.A. breadth requirement.

• African Studies• Criminology and Criminal Justice• Environmental Studies• Human Rights• Human Rights and Social Justice

Breadth Area 1: Culture and CommunicationAmerican Sign Language, Art History, Art and Culture,Communication and Media Studies, Comparative LiteraryStudies, Digital Humanities, English, Film Studies,French, Journalism, Media Production and Design, Music,Performance in Public Sphere, and Languages (Arabic,English as a Second Language, German, Greek, Hebrew,Indigenous Languages, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latin,Mandarin, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish)

Subject codes: ARAB, ARTH, ASLA, CHIN, CLST,COMS, DIGH, ENGL, ESLA, FILM, FINS, FREN, GERM,

GREK, HEBR, ITAL, JAPA, JOUR, KORE, LANG, LATN,MPAD, MUSI, PIPS, PORT, RUSS, SPAN

Breadth Area 2: HumanitiesAfrican Studies, Applied Linguistics and DiscourseStudies, Archaeology, Canadian Studies, Child Studies,Classical Civilization, Critical Race Studies, DirectedInterdisciplinary Studies, Disability Studies, Environmentaland Climate Humanities, European and Russian Studies,History, Human Rights, Humanities, Indigenous Studies,Latin American and Caribbean Studies, Linguistics,Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Philosophy, Religion,Sexuality Studies, South Asian Studies, and Women's andGender Studies.

Subject codes: AFRI, ALDS, ARCY, CDNS, CHST, CLCV,CRST, DBST, DIST, EACH, EURR, HIST, HUMR, HUMS,INDG, LACS, LING, MEMS, PHIL, RELI, SAST, SXST,WGST

Breadth Area 3: Science, Engineering, and DesignArchitecture, Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science,Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Science,Food Science and Nutrition, Health Sciences, IndustrialDesign, Information Resource Management, InformationTechnology (BIT), Information Technology (ITEC),Interactive Multimedia and Design, Mathematics,Neuroscience, Network Technology, Optical Systems andSensors, Photonics, Statistics, Physics, and Technology,Society, Environment.

Subject codes: AERO, ARCC, ARCH, ARCN, ARCS,ARCU, BIOC, BIOL, BIT, CHEM, CIVE, CMPS, COMP,ECOR, ELEC, ENSC, ENVE, ERTH, FOOD, HLTH, IDES,IMD, IRM, ISCI, ISCS, ISYS, ITEC, MAAE, MATH, MECH,NET, NEUR, NSCI, OSS, PHYS, PLT, SREE, STAT,SYSC, TSES

Breadth Area 4: Social SciencesAnthropology, Business, Cognitive Science, Criminologyand Criminal Justice, Economics, Environmental Studies,Geography, Geomatics, Global and International Studies,Global Politics, Interdisciplinary Public Affairs, InternationalAffairs, Law, Migration and Diaspora Studies, PoliticalManagement, Political Science, Psychology, PublicAdministration, Public Affairs and Policy Management,Social Work, Sociology/Anthropology, Sociology

Subject codes: ANTH, BUSI, CGSC, CRCJ, ECON,ENST, GEOG, GEOM, GINS, GPOL, INAF, IPAF, LAWS,MGDS, PADM, PAPM, POLM, PSCI, PSYC, SOCI, SOWK

Declared and Undeclared StudentsDegree students are considered "Undeclared" if theyhave been admitted to a degree but have not yet selectedand been accepted into a program within that degree.The status "Undeclared" is available only in the B.A.and B.Sc. degrees. See the Open Studies programsection of this Calendar for recommended registrationinformation. Normally, Undeclared students are requiredto be eligible to enter a program within their degree beforereaching second year standing. Undeclared studentsshould consult Academic Advising Centre for guidance inplanning their studies prior to registration.







https://carleton.ca/academicadvising/


Change of Program Within the B.A. DegreeStudents may transfer to a program within the B.A.degree, if upon entry to the new program they wouldbe in Good Standing . Other applications for change ofprogram will be considered on their merits; students maybe admitted to the new program in Good Standing oron Academic Warning. Students may apply to declareor change their program within the B.A. Degree at theRegistrar's Office according to the published deadlines.Acceptance into a program or into a program element oroption is subject to any enrollment limitations, specificprogram, program element or option requirements, aspublished in the relevant Calendar entry.

Minors, Concentrations and SpecializationsStudents may apply to the Registrar's Office to beadmitted to a minor, concentration or specialization duringtheir first or subsequent years of study. Acceptance intoa minor, concentration or specialization is subject to anyspecific requirements of the intended Minor, Concentrationor Specialization as published in the relevant Calendarentry. Acceptance into a Concentration or Specializationrequires that the student be in Good Standing.

Mention : FrançaisStudents registered in certain B.A. programs may earnthe notation Mention : Français by completing part oftheir requirements in French and by demonstrating aknowledge of the history and culture of French Canada.The general requirements are listed below. For morespecific details consult the departmental program entries.

Students in a B.A. Honours program must present:

1. 1.0 credit in French language;2. 1.0 credit devoted to the history and culture of French

Canada;3. 1.0 credit at the 2000- or 3000-level and 1.0 credit

at the 4000-level in the Honours discipline taken inFrench.

Students in a B.A. program must present:

1. 1.0 credit in advanced French;2. 1.0 credit devoted to the history and culture of French

Canada;3. 1.0 credit at the 2000- or 3000-level in the Major

discipline taken in French.

Students in Combined Honours programs must fulfil theMention : Français requirement in both disciplines.

Courses taught in French (Item 3, above) may be takenat Carleton, at the University of Ottawa on the ExchangeAgreement, or at a francophone university on a Letterof Permission. Students planning to take courses onexchange or on a Letter of Permission should takecareful note of the residence requirement for a minimumnumber of Carleton courses in their programs. Consultthe Academic Regulations of the University section of thisCalendar for information regarding study on Exchange orLetter of Permission.

Degrees• B.Sc. (Honours)• B.Sc. (Major)• B.Sc.

Admission RequirementsB. Sc. Honours Program

First YearThe Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) orequivalent including a minimum of six 4U or M courses.For most programs including Biochemistry, Bioinformatics,Biotechnology, Chemistry, Combined Honours in Biologyand Physics, Chemistry and Physics, ComputationalBiochemistry, Food Science, Nanoscience, Neuroscience,Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Psychology, the six4U or M courses must include Advanced Functions andtwo of Biology, Chemistry, Earth and Space Sciences orPhysics. (Calculus and Vectors is strongly recommended).

Specific Honours Admission Requirements

For the Honours programs in Earth Sciences,Environmental Science, Geomatics, InterdisciplinaryScience and Practice, and Physical Geography, Calculusand Vectors may be substituted for Advanced Functions.

For the Honours programs in Physics and Applied Physicsand for double Honours in Mathematics and Physics,Calculus and Vectors is required in addition to AdvancedFunctions and one of 4U Physics Chemistry, Biology, orEarth and Space Sciences. For all programs in Physics,4U Physics is strongly recommended.

For the Combined Honours program in Chemistry andComputer Science, 4U Chemistry and Calculus andVectors are strongly recommended.

For Honours in Psychology, a 4U course in English isrecommended.

For Honours in Environmental Science, a 4U course inBiology and Chemistry is recommended.

Advanced StandingFor entry to an Honours program after the completionof 5.0 included credits, a student must have a majorCGPA of 5.50 or higher, an overall CGPA of 4.50 or higherand the recommendation of the Honours departmentor committee. A student beginning the final 10.0 creditstowards an Honours degree must present a major CGPAof 6.00 or higher, an overall CGPA of 5.00 or higherand the recommendation of the Honours departmentor committee. A student beginning the final 5.0 creditstowards an Honours degree must present a major CGPAof 6.50 or higher and an overall CGPA of 5.00 or higher,as calculated for graduation. Advanced standing will begranted for studies undertaken elsewhere when theseare recognized as the equivalent of subjects offered atCarleton University.

B.Sc. Major Program

B.Sc. Program

18 Biology

First YearThe Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) orequivalent including a minimum of six 4U or M courses.The six 4U or M courses must include AdvancedFunctions and two of Calculus and Vectors, Biology,Chemistry, Earth and Space Science or Physics (Calculusand Vectors is strongly recommended). For the B.Sc.Major in Physics. 4U Physics is strongly recommended.Equivalent courses may be substituted between the oldand new Ontario mathematics curriculum.

Advanced StandingFor entry to a B.Sc. or B.Sc. Major program after thecompletion of 5.0 included credits, a student must havea major and core CGPA of 3.50 or higher and an overallCGPA of 3.50 or higher. A student beginning the final5.0 credits towards a B.Sc. or B.Sc. Major degree mustpresent a major and core CGPA of 4.00 or higher andan overall CGPA of 4.00 or higher, as calculated forgraduation. Advanced standing will be granted for studiesundertaken elsewhere when these are recognized as theequivalent of subjects offered at Carleton University.

Co-op OptionDirect Admission to the First Year of the Co-op OptionApplicants must:

1. meet the required overall admission cut-off averageand prerequisite course average. These averages maybe higher than the stated minimum requirements;

2. be registered as a full-time student in the Bachelor ofScience Honours program;

3. be eligible to work in Canada (for off-campus workplacements).

Note that meeting the above requirements onlyestablishes eligibility for admission to the program. Theprevailing job market may limit enrolment in the co-opoption.

Note: continuation requirements for students previouslyadmitted to the co-op option and admission requirementsfor the co-op option after beginning the program aredescribed in the Co-operative Education Regulationssection of this Calendar.

Admission RequirementsDegrees

• Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)(Honours)• Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)

First YearFor B.A. and B.A. (Honours)The Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) orequivalent including a minimum of six 4U or M courses.The six 4U or M courses must include a 4U course inEnglish (or anglais ). For applicants whose first languageis not English, the requirement of English can also bemet under the conditions outlined in the section “EnglishLanguage Requirements” in the Admissions Requirementsand Procedures section of this Calendar.

The cut-off average for admission will be set annuallyand will normally be above the minimum requirement.

Applicants falling slightly below the cut-off average will beconsidered on an individual basis to determine whetherthere are special circumstances that would permit theiradmission. Students who feel that their high school gradeaverage does not reflect their potential may apply to theEnriched Support Program (see the Enriched SupportProgram section of this Calendar).

BiologyFor the major in Biology in the B.A. program, in additionto the 4U English, a 4U course in Chemistry is required.Advanced Functions and Calculus and Vectors arerecommended.

Advanced StandingB.A. and B.A. (Honours) ProgramApplications for admission to the second or subsequentyears will be assessed on their merits. Advanced standingwill be granted only for those courses that are determinedto be appropriate.

Direct Admission to the First Year of the Co-opOptionCo-op is available for the following Majors in the B.A.(Honours) degree: Anthropology, English, EnvironmentalStudies, European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies,French, Geography, Geography with a Concentration inPhysical Geography, Geomatics, History, Law (BusinessLaw), Law (Law, Policy and Government), PoliticalScience, Psychology, Sociology.

Applicants must:

1. meet the required overall admission cut-off averageand prerequisite course average. These averages maybe higher than the stated minimum requirements;

2. be registered as a full-time student in the Bachelor ofArts Honours with one of the majors listed above;

3. be eligible to work in Canada (for off-campus workplacements).

Meeting the above requirements only establishes eligibilityfor admission to the program. The prevailing job marketmay limit enrolment in the co-op option. Students shouldalso note that hiring priority is given to Canadian citizensfor co-op positions in the Public Service Commission.

Note: continuation requirements for students previouslyadmitted to the co-op option and admission requirementsfor the co-op option after beginning the program aredescribed in the Co-operative Education Regulationssection of this Calendar.


Biology (BIOL) CoursesBIOL 1010 [0.5 credit]Biotechnology and SocietyA course for students interested in the science behindrecent advances in biotechnology. The different ways inwhich biotechnology is being applied in agriculture, healthcare, and the environment will be examined.Precludes additional credit for Credit will not be given iftaken concurrently with, or after BIOL 2200 or BIOC 2200or BIOL 2201. Students in Biology and Biochemistryprograms may only take this course as a free elective.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 1103 [0.5 credit]Foundations of Biology IA research-oriented course focusing on the scientificprocess of biological exploration at the cellular level.Topics include cell organization, metabolism, genetics, andreproduction.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 1003 (no longeroffered).Prerequisite(s): Ontario 4U/M in Biology (or equivalent), orOntario 4U/M in Chemistry (or equivalent).Lectures three hours a week, laboratory or tutorial threehours a week.

BIOL 1104 [0.5 credit]Foundations of Biology IIA research-oriented course focusing on the scientificprocess of biological exploration at the macroscale.Topics include evolution, diversity of life, and ecologicalrelationships.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 1004 (no longeroffered).Prerequisite(s): Ontario 4U/M in Biology (or equivalent) orBIOL 1103.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory or tutorial threehours a week.

BIOL 1105 [0.5 credit]Biological Methods, Analysis and InterpretationFormulation of biological research questions, developmentof hypotheses and predictions, design of experiments,collection and analysis of data, interpretation andpresentation of results.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 1902 [0.5 credit]Natural HistoryA course designed primarily for students in non-biologyprograms to investigate the natural history of plantsand animals, and the communities in which they occur.Particular attention is paid to the Ottawa region, butappropriate examples from other locales are also included.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 2001 [0.5 credit]Animals: Form and FunctionAn introduction to the diverse structures of animals (bothinvertebrates and vertebrates) in relationship to theirfunctions, discussed within an evolutionary framework.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104) or permission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory or tutorial threehours a week.

BIOL 2002 [0.5 credit]Plants: Form and FunctionAn introduction to the structure and development of higherplants (at cellular, morphological and organism levels)discussed in relation to their function.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104) or permission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory or tutorial threehours a week.

BIOL 2005 [0.5 credit]Human BiologyA course for non-specialists interested in how the humanbody works. Topics will include biological molecules,cells, genetics, and various organ systems. Examples willbe used to connect concepts taught in the course withgeneral knowledge of human health and disease.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 1003 or BIOL 1103 and (CHEM 1001and CHEM 1002) or (CHEM 1005 and CHEM 1006) orpermission of the Department. Students in Biology andBiochemistry programs may only take this course as a freeelective.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 2104 [0.5 credit]Introductory GeneticsLecture/laboratory course on the mechanisms ofinheritance and the nature of gene structure, compositionand function, introducing both classical Mendeliangenetics and modern molecular genetics. It is stronglyrecommended that this course be taken by Biology majorsin their second year of study.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 2106 (no longeroffered) and BIOL 2107. Credit for BIOL 2106 will only begiven if taken before BIOL 2104.Prerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104) or permission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory or tutorial threehours a week.


















20 Biology

BIOL 2107 [0.5 credit]Fundamentals of GeneticsMechanisms of inheritance and the nature of genestructure, composition and function, introducing bothclassical Mendelian genetics and modern moleculargenetics.Precludes additional credit for BIOL 2104 and BIOL 2106(no longer offered).Prerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104) or permission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 2200 [0.5 credit]Cellular BiochemistryCellular functions and their interrelationships. Introductionto thermodynamics, membrane structure and function,transport mechanisms, basic metabolic pathways, energyproduction and utilization, communications betweencells. It is strongly recommended that Biology Majors andHonours students take this course in their second year ofstudy.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityAlso listed as BIOC 2200.Precludes additional credit for BIOL 2201.Prerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104), (CHEM 1001 and CHEM 1002) or(CHEM 1005 and CHEM 1006), or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory or tutorial fourhours a week.

BIOL 2201 [0.5 credit]Cell Biology and BiochemistryA study of the molecular, metabolic and structuralorganization of cells in relation to function. This course isrecommended for students not taking upper year Biologylaboratory courses for which BIOL/BIOC laboratories areprerequisites.Precludes additional credit for BIOL 2200, BIOC 2200.Prerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 or BIOL 1103) and(CHEM 1002 or CHEM 1006), or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 2301 [0.5 credit]Biotechnology IAn introductory course on the science, technology,entrepreneurial skills and business considerationsrelated to biotechnology. The course will survey broadlyacross the disciplines of Biology, including applications inagriculture, health, environment and industry.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104) or permission of the department.Lectures and workshops three hours a week

BIOL 2303 [0.5 credit]MicrobiologyThe biology of the bacteria, Archaea, Viruses andProtozoans, from the fundamentals of cell chemistry,molecular biology, structure and function, to theirinvolvement in ecological and industrial processes andhuman disease.Also listed as ENVE 2002.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 1003 or BIOL 1103.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 2600 [0.5 credit]EcologyThe scientific study of interactions of living organismsand their environment, and how these affect thedistribution and abundance of life. Topics include energytransformation and flow, nutrient cycling, population andcommunity dynamics, human impacts on ecosystems,conservation issues. Laboratory includes field andcomputer exercises.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104), or permission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory or tutorial fourhours a week.

BIOL 2903 [0.5 credit]Natural History and Ecology of OntarioIntroduction to the remarkable diversity and ecologicalrelationships of Ontario's flora and fauna, which areexplored in a habitat context.Precludes additional credit for BIOL 1903 (no longeroffered).Prerequisite(s): BIOL 1004 or BIOL 1104 or BIOL 1902.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 3004 [0.5 credit]Insect DiversityIntroductory course dealing with the taxonomic diversity,anatomy, behavior and physiology of insects, as well astheir impacts on ecosystems, agriculture and animal andhuman health.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 4601.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2001.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 3008 [0.5 credit]BioinformaticsA practical exploration in the application of informationtechnology to biochemistry and molecular biology. Insightinto biological knowledge discovery via molecular structureand function prediction, comparative genomics andbiological information management.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityAlso listed as BIOC 3008, COMP 3308.Prerequisite(s): BIOC 2200 or BIOL 2200, or permission ofthe Department.Lectures two hours a week, computer workshop threehours a week.



















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BIOL 3102 [0.5 credit]MycologyThis introductory course will cover the morphology,physiology, life cycles, evolution, ecology andbiotechnology of the fungi.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 3104 [0.5 credit]Molecular GeneticsA lecture course dealing with modern advances inmolecular genetics.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107 or permission ofthe Department.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 3111 [0.5 credit]Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals, Reptiles, and BirdsEvolution of mammals, reptiles and birds. Emphasis onsurveying amniote diversity, and the origin of key amniotetransformations, as evidenced by the fossil record.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityAlso listed as ERTH 3111.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 or ERTH 1009, or permissionof the department.Lectures two hours a week and a laboratory three hours aweek.

BIOL 3112 [0.5 credit]Vertebrate Evolution: Fish and AmphibiansEvolution of fish and amphibians. Emphasis on surveyingfish and amphibian diversity, and the origin of keytransformations of these groups, as evidenced by thefossil record.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityAlso listed as ERTH 3112.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 or ERTH 1009, or permissionof the department.Lectures two hours a week and a laboratory three hours aweek.

BIOL 3201 [0.5 credit]Cell BiologyA lecture and laboratory course on the structure,composition, and function of eukaryotic cells.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 and BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200, orpermission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory four hours aweek.

BIOL 3202 [0.5 credit]Principles of Developmental BiologyIntroduction to the underlying principles and mechanismsgoverning development in multicellular animals and plants.Differentiation, growth, morphogenesis, and patterning willbe examined at the organismal, cellular, and molecularlevels to provide a balanced view of developmentalphenomena in key model organisms.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107 and oneof BIOL 2001 or BIOL 2002, or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 3205 [0.5 credit]Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyA lecture and laboratory course consisting of selectedtopics in metabolism and physiology of plants,including photosynthesis, nutrient uptake and transport,intermediary and secondary metabolism, germination,growth and development.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2002 and BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200, orpermission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory four hours aweek.

BIOL 3301 [0.5 credit]Biotechnology IIAn interdisciplinary course on interactions betweenscience, invention and innovation in biotechnology. Casestudies related to regional biotechnology opportunities;social and ethical issues impacting biotechnology.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2301, BIOL 2104, andBIOL 2200/BIOC 2200 or permission of the department.Lectures and laboratory/workshops three hours a week

BIOL 3303 [0.5 credit]Experimental MicrobiologyIntensive training in laboratory techniques in microbiology,using bacteria and other microorganisms to demonstrateprocesses of cell growth, metabolism, gene expression,rapid evolution, gene transfer, microbial communitydynamics and interactions with other organisms.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2104, BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200 andBIOL 2303, or permission of the Department.Lecture/tutorial one and a half hours a week, laboratoryfour hours a week.

BIOL 3305 [0.5 credit]Human and Comparative PhysiologyThe properties of physiological systems and componentsof humans and other animals with an emphasis onphysical and chemical bases.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 3306.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200 and BIOL 2001. Acredit in PHYS at the 1000-level is strongly recommended.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory four hours aweek.

































22 Biology

BIOL 3306 [0.5 credit]Human Anatomy and PhysiologyThe anatomy and physiology of the neuromuscular,cardiovascular, respiratory, and excretory systems ofhumans with comparison to other animals.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 3305.Prerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104), and (CHEM 1001 and CHEM 1002) or(CHEM 1005 and CHEM 1006), and third year standing.Lectures three hours per week.

BIOL 3307 [0.5 credit]Advanced Human Anatomy and PhysiologyThe anatomy and physiology of the endocrine, skeletal,digestive, immunological, and reproductive systems, withadditional emphasis on the embryological origins of themajor physiological systems.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 3305 or BIOL 3306.Lectures three hours per week, workshop or laboratoryfour hours per week.

BIOL 3501 [0.5 credit]BiomechanicsProperties of muscles, tendons, bones, joints and theco-ordinated use of these structures. Human and otheranimal locomotion and fitness, bird flight, especially thesoaring of the vulture and the albatross, and animalmigration are covered in detail.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): (BIOL 1003 and BIOL 1004) or (BIOL 1103and BIOL 1104).Lectures three hours a week, workshop two hours a week.

BIOL 3601 [0.5 credit]Ecosystems and Environmental ChangeExploration of the unique contribution of the ecosystemapproach to ecology, and of early key literature inecosystem ecology through to current work on globalenvironmental change.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2600.Lectures three hours a week, laboratory four hours a weekin six sessions.

BIOL 3602 [0.5 credit]Conservation BiologyThe science of biology as applied to the problem ofmaintaining species diversity. Topics include: historyof conservation biology, valuation of species, indicesof biodiversity, extinction, conservation genetics,conservation planning in parks and reserves, landscapeecology and case studies of conservation problems.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2600 or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week and laboratory/workshopthree hours a week.

BIOL 3604 [0.5 credit]Statistics for BiologistsIntroduction to the analysis of biological data. Studentsanalyze real biological data sets in weekly laboratorysessions. Methods introduced include simple linear,polynomial, and multiple regression analysis, analysis ofvariance, nonparametric tests, tests of independence andlogistic regression analysis.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 1105 or STAT 2507.Lectures one and one-half hours and laboratory two andone-half hours a week.

BIOL 3605 [0.5 credit]Field Course IAn intensive study of living organisms under naturalconditions. Credit is based on two weeks of full-timefieldwork with attendant assignments. Transportation androom and board costs are borne by the student. OntarioUniversities Program in Field Biology; see offered modulesfor specific prerequisites.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityAlso listed as NEUR 3203, for animal behaviour modulesonly.Prerequisite(s): at least one course in BIOL beyond the1000-level and written permission of the Department.Students may take both BIOL 3605 and BIOL 3606 forcredit, but neither may be used to repeat a particularmodule.All day, approximately six days a week.

BIOL 3606 [0.5 credit]Field Course IIAn intensive study of living organisms under naturalconditions. Credit is based on two weeks of full-timefieldwork with attendant assignments. Transportation androom and board costs are borne by the student. OntarioUniversities Program in Field Biology; see offered modulesfor specific prerequisites.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): at least one course in BIOL beyond the1000-level and written permission of the Department.Students may take both BIOL 3605 and BIOL 3606 forcredit, but neither can be used to repeat a particularmodule.All day, approximately six days a week.

BIOL 3608 [0.5 credit]Principles of BiogeographyContemporary and past controls on distribution ofplants and animals at global, regional and local scales;significance of these distributions.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityAlso listed as GEOG 3104.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2600 or GEOG 1010 or permissionof the Department.Lectures, laboratory, and fieldwork five hours a week.
























BIOL 3609 [0.5 credit]Evolutionary ConceptsEvolution is the change in population properties acrossgenerations. Genetic variation, mutation, selection, drift,gene flow, genome evolution, speciation, development,biodiversity, fossils, and macro-evolution.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107 or permission ofthe instructor.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 3611 [0.5 credit]Evolutionary EcologyThe term “adaptation” is meaningful only with respect to anecological context. Ecological contexts lead to evolutionaryoutcomes such as diverse mating systems, ageing, sexualreproduction, sexual dimorphism, geographic variation,phenotypic plasticity, and diverse life histories.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 4608.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2600.Lectures three hours a week; one field trip.

BIOL 3612 [0.5 credit]Computational Methods in Ecology and EvolutionIntroduction to the development and use of computerprograms to address biological problems. Topics includethe development of programs to analyse ecological data,models of population dynamics, deterministic chaos,cellular automata, simulations of foraging behaviour andevolutionary computation.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2600 or permission of theDepartment.Lectures two hours per week, workshop three hours perweek.

BIOL 3801 [0.5 credit]Plants and HerbivoresExploration of the chemical, physiological, ecological andevolutionary interactions that underlie the relationshipbetween plants and their insect herbivores.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 and BIOL 2002.Lectures/seminars three hours a week.

BIOL 3802 [0.5 credit]Animal BehaviourAdvanced study of animal behaviour including theenvironmental, genetic, and neural influences onbehaviour. Topics such as predator-prey interactions,mating behaviour, migration, parental care and socialinteractions are interpreted in an evolutionary context.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 or BIOL 2600 or permission ofthe Department.Lectures and workshop/tutorials three hours a week.

BIOL 3804 [0.5 credit]Social EvolutionDiversity in social behaviour from evolutionary andecological perspectives. Topics include ecologicaldeterminants of social living, social networks, socialforaging, inclusive fitness, kin selection, altruism,cooperation, and mating systems and strategies.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 and BIOL 2600, or permissionof the Department.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 3901 [0.5 credit]Research ProposalThe development of a competitive research proposal inconsultation with an advisor.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): third year standing in an Honours Biologyprogram and permission of the Department.

BIOL 3902 [0.5 credit]Topics in Biology ISpecific topics of current interest. Topics may vary fromyear to year.Prerequisite(s): third-year standing in a Biology program orpermission of the Department.Lecture, seminars, or workshops three hours per week.

BIOL 3999 [0.0 credit]Co-operative Work Term ReportPractical experience for students enrolled in the Co-operative Option. Students must receive satisfactoryevaluations from their work term employer. Written reportsdescribing the work term project will be required. GradedSat or Uns.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): registration in the Biology Co-operativeOption and permission of the Department.

BIOL 4008 [0.5 credit]Molecular Plant DevelopmentRecent advances in plant development includingmolecular, biochemical, genomics, and proteomicsstudies.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2002 or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 4102 [0.5 credit]Molecular EcologyThe interface of molecular biology, ecology and populationbiology. Topics include experimental design and a surveyand critique of molecular genetic methods to studyecology.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107 and BIOL 2600;BIOL 3104 or one of BIOL 3601, BIOL 3602 (may be takenconcurrently), or permission of the Department.Lectures three hours a week.


















24 Biology

BIOL 4103 [0.5 credit]Population GeneticsEvolution of gene frequencies, including selection,mutation, genetic drift, inbreeding, gene flow, andpopulation structure.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107 or permissionof the Department. A course in statistics is highlyrecommended.Lectures and seminars three hours a week.

BIOL 4104 [0.5 credit]Evolutionary GeneticsAn overview of the molecular evidence of evolution,speciation as well as the phylogenetic analysis ofbiological sequence data and biometrical traits.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): (BIOL 2001 or BIOL 2002) and(BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107) or permission of theDepartment. A course in statistics is recommended.Lectures and computer lab three hours a week.

BIOL 4106 [0.5 credit]Advances in Molecular BiologyReview of the application of high throughput approachesto research in molecular and cellular biology andbiochemistry with an emphasis on gene function andhuman disease progression.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2303 and (BIOL 3104 or BIOL 3201).Lectures and seminars three hours a week.

BIOL 4109 [0.5 credit]Laboratory Techniques in Molecular GeneticsThis laboratory course provides practical familiarity withcommonly used techniques in molecular genetics. Thelaboratory is suitable for students with a developinginterest in problems of molecular and cellular biology andbiochemistry.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200 and BIOL 2303 andBIOL 3104 or permission of the Department.Lecture/laboratory six hours a week in two sessions.

BIOL 4200 [0.5 credit]ImmunologyThe organization and function of the immune system,including the anatomy of the immune system, theproperties and behaviour of cells of the immune system,and the molecular and genetic bases of the immuneresponse.Also listed as BIOC 4200.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3201 or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 4201 [0.5 credit]Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue EngineeringTheory and application of current techniques anddevelopments in cell culture as applied to researchquestions in the field of stem cells and tissue engineering.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityAlso listed as BIOC 4201.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3201 or permission of theDepartment.Laboratory four hours per week, tutorial one hour a week.Labs require regular participation outside of the scheduledlab time to maintain cell cultures and set up or completeexperiments.

BIOL 4202 [0.5 credit]Mutagenesis and DNA RepairA mechanistic study of mutagenesis and DNA repair.Topics include DNA structure perturbations, spontaneousand induced mutagenesis, the genetics and biochemistryof DNA repair and recombination, and the role ofmutations in the development of genetic disease andcancer.Also listed as BIOC 4202.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3104 and BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200 orpermission of the Department.Lectures and tutorial three hours a week.

BIOL 4203 [0.5 credit]Evolution of SexThe evolution of sex, including meiosis, syngamy, sexdetermination, sex chromosomes, and gender fromorganismal, genetic, and developmental perspectives; theorigin, maintenance, function, and ubiquity of sex.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 4206 [0.5 credit]Human GeneticsA survey of human genetic variation and mutation in amolecular genetics context. Topics may include molecularbasis of diseases, chromosomal abnormalities, genomicimprinting, cancer genetics, genomics, gene mapping andgene therapy.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3104 or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 4207 [0.5 credit]Advanced Embryology & Developmental BiologyA laboratory-based exploration of techniques and recentdevelopments in the use of model embryological systemsas applied to questions of development and human health.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 3201 or BIOL 3202 or permission ofthe Department.Laboratory four hours per week, tutorial one hour a week.Labs require regular participation outside of the scheduledlab time to set up or complete experiments.




























BIOL 4209 [0.5 credit]Advanced Plant PhysiologyAn advanced course dealing with recent developments inselected topics of plant physiology.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3205 and CHEM 2203, CHEM 2204or permission of the Department.Lectures/discussion three hours a week.

BIOL 4300 [0.5 credit]Applied MicrobiologyStudies of the application of microorganisms. Topicsmay include: microbial communities, and agricultural,pharmaceutical, industrial and health sciences.Prerequisite(s): (BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200 or BIOL 2201),BIOL 2303 and (BIOL 3104 or BIOL 3303) or permissionof the Department.Lectures and tutorial three hours a week.

BIOL 4301 [0.5 credit]Current Topics in BiotechnologyExplorations of developing biotechnologies in areas suchas microbial products, protein engineering, plant geneticengineering, environmental remediation, pharmaceuticalsproduction and medical diagnostics and therapy.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3301 or permission of thedepartment.Lectures and tutorials three hours a week.

BIOL 4303 [0.5 credit]Advances in MicrobiologyExploration of current microbiology including the molecularbiology of infectious agents, use of model micro-organismsto study human cells and diseases, and functionalgenomics and proteomics. Special attention will be paid tothe field’s "big questions". Students will critically examine anumber of research proposals.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2303 and (BIOL 3104 or BIOL 3303or BIOC 3102) or permission of the Department.Lectures three hours per week.

BIOL 4304 [0.5 credit]Forensic BiologyAn introduction to forensics that covers topics in molecularbiology, biochemistry, genetics, population genetics andstatistics as they relate to forensic biology. The coursewill describe the techniques used to identify body fluidsand generate DNA profiles as well as the interpretation offorensic results.Prerequisite(s): (BIOL 2104 or BIOL 2107) and(BIOL 2200/BIOC 2200 or BIOL 2201) or permission of theDepartment.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 4306 [0.5 credit]Animal NeurophysiologyA course dealing with recent advances made in particularareas of animal neurophysiology.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 4305.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3305 or BIOL 3306, or permission ofthe Department.Lectures two hours a week, workshops or laboratory fourhours a week.

BIOL 4309 [0.5 credit]Studies in Human PerformanceBiomechanical underpinnings of human performanceincluding the quantitative analysis of human motion innormal activities and in athletic performance. Students willlearn modern motion capture methods. This course willrequire students to design and execute an independentproject.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 3307 and fourth-year standing, orpermission of the department.Lecture three hours per week, workshop/labs three hoursper week.

BIOL 4317 [0.5 credit]Neuroethology: The Neural Basis of Animal BehaviourProximate mechanisms underlying animal behaviour.Focus on evolution of nervous systems in responseto environmental selection pressures. Topics include:genetic and hormonal influences on behaviour (e.g.maternal care); unique sensory worlds (e.g. magnetic);various levels of neural integration, from simple reflexes tocomplex social behaviour.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3305 or BIOL 3306, or permission ofthe Department.Lectures three hours a week.

BIOL 4318 [0.5 credit]Adaptations to Extreme EnvironmentsLectures, discussions and student presentations willbe used to examine adaptations of animals to extremeenvironments (e.g. desert) or lifestyles (e.g. diving), at thephysiological, biochemical and molecular levels. Emphasison becoming familiar with the current primary literature.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3305, or permission of theDepartment.Lectures/workshops three hours a week.

BIOL 4319 [0.5 credit]Studies in Exercise PhysiologyPhysiological mechanisms underlying human athleticperformance. Exercise physiology and cardio-respiratoryactivity, metabolic regulation and musculoskeletal function.Practical experience will be gained in the workshop/laboratory based experimental sessions.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 3307 and fourth-year standing, orpermission of the department.Lectures two hours per week, workshop/labs three hoursper week.



























26 Biology

BIOL 4500 [0.5 credit]The Biology of BirdsIntroduction to ornithology, the study of birds; the evolutionof birds, migration, geographic variation, adaptations forflight, feeding, reproduction; extinction and preservation.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 or permission of thedepartment.Lectures three hours per week.

BIOL 4501 [0.5 credit]The Taxonomy of BirdsThe taxonomy of birds and species identification arelearned through the use of study skins in the lab. Fieldexcursions allow first-hand study of various species.Participants must acquire a pair of binoculars and one ofthe recommended field guides.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 or permission of thedepartment.Laboratory/field excursions four hours per week.

BIOL 4502 [0.5 credit]HerpetologyHerpetology is the study of amphibians and reptiles. Thebehaviours, physiological ecology, conservation andidentification of amphibians and reptiles will be examinedthrough lectures, seminars and hands-on activities.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2001.Lectures or seminars three hours per week.

BIOL 4503 [0.5 credit]Fish Ecology, Conservation and ManagementIntroduction to the diversity and environmental biologyof the world's fishes. Applied issues in fisheriesmanagement, conservation, and aquaculture. Workshopsexpose students to techniques in fisheries science throughhands-on demonstrations and field excursions.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2600 or permission of theDepartment.Lectures/seminars two hours a week, plus labs/workshopstwo hours a week.

BIOL 4504 [0.5 credit]Ecology of Freshwater InvertebratesOverview of the diversity and ecology of freshwaterinvertebrates. Aquatic invertebrates from local bodiesof water will be sampled and identified in the lab.Experiments on the ecology and behaviour of modelspecies of freshwater invertebrates will also be conductedin the lab.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 2001 and BIOL 2600.Seminar and lab four hours a week.

BIOL 4505 [0.5 credit]Coral ReefsExamining the diversity of life on coral reefs andtheir interactions across ecological scales, from thebiochemistry of zooxanthellae symbiosis to landscapescale trophodynamics, reticulate evolution, and reeffisheries. Emphasis is on synthesis writing drawn from thecurrent primary literature.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2600.Lectures/seminars three hours a week

BIOL 4506 [0.5 credit]Cactus BiologyCovers the cactus family over its entire range, includingmost of the western hemisphere, with discussion on theiranatomy, physiology, ecology, evolution, and classification.Topics include how cacti are both typical flowering plantsin some regards, and atypical in others.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2002.Lectures/seminars three hours a week

BIOL 4507 [0.5 credit]Ecological ParasitologyKey concepts in the ecological study of parasites andpathogens, underpinned by evolutionary thinking andrelevant to fundamental and applied questions of co-evolution, disease ecology, epidemiology, emerginginfectious diseases, environmental parasitology,evolutionary transitions, host species range, immunity,resistance, tolerance, transmission mode, and virulence.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2600 and one of the following:BIOL 3601, BIOL 3604, BIOL 3609, BIOL 3611,BIOL 3612, BIOL 3801, BIOL 3802, BIOL 3804.Lectures or seminars 3 hours per week.

BIOL 4602 [0.5 credit]Evolutionary Applications across Disciplines: FromMedicine to ConservationEvolutionary principles contributing to advancementsacross fields including medicine, agriculture, conservation,climate change, and engineering. Topics include evolutionof virulence, causes of variation in human health, evolutionof resistance to pesticides, interventions for recovery ofspecies at risk, and biomimetic modeling in engineeringand architecture.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 1104 and third-year standing.Lectures/workshops three hours per week.

BIOL 4603 [0.5 credit]Insect Evolution and BiologyMajor questions on the origin, evolution and adaptationof structures and physiology of terrestrial arthropods,especially insects.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): BIOL 3004, or permission of theDepartment.Lectures two hours a week, laboratory four hours a week.





















BIOL 4604 [0.5 credit]Landscape EcologyLandscape ecology is the study of how landscapestructure affects the abundance and distribution oforganisms. The focus of this course is on researchmethods and results in landscape ecology. Applications inforestry, agriculture, and species conservation.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 2600 or equivalent, BIOL 3601or BIOL 3602 or BIOL 3608 or equivalent, and fourth-year standing in Biology, Geography, or EnvironmentalSciences.Lecture three hours a week.

BIOL 4802 [0.5 credit]Advanced Animal BehaviourContemporary issues in behavioural ecology. Topicsmay include the relevance of behavioural ecology toconservation biology, to new insights into human socialbehaviour, and will be selected through consultationbetween professor and students.Prerequisite(s): BIOL 3802 or BIOL 3804, or permission ofthe Department.Lectures or workshops three hours a week.

BIOL 4810 [0.5 credit]Education Research in BiologyAn introduction to the science of teaching and learning inbiology. Students will be introduced to the foundationalconcepts in, and tools of, Discipline-Based EducationResearch (DBER) and will conduct their own DBERresearch project.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrerequisite(s): 4th year standing, or permission of thedepartment This course can only be used by sciencestudents as a free elective.Also offered at the graduate level, with differentrequirements, as BIOL 5810, for which additional credit isprecluded.Seminar three hours per week, classroom-based researchone hour per week.

BIOL 4901 [0.5 credit]Directed Special StudiesIndependent or group study, open to third- and fourth-yearstudents to explore a particular topic, in consultation witha Faculty supervisor. May include directed reading, writtenassignments, tutorials, laboratory or field work.Prerequisite(s): permission of the Department. Studentsnormally may not offer more than 1.0 credit of DirectedSpecial Studies in their program.

BIOL 4902 [0.5 credit]Topics in Biology IISpecific topics of current interest. Topics may vary fromyear to year.Prerequisite(s): fourth-year standing in a Biology programor permission of the Department.Lecture, seminars, or workshops three hours per week.

BIOL 4905 [1.0 credit]Honours WorkshopWithin the context of an active learning environment,students participate in a variety of activities which mayinclude literature reviews and critiques, media releasesand response papers, oral presentations, and posters.Projects are focused on an area of biological research ofinterest to the student.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 4907 and BIOL 4908.Prerequisite(s): fourth-year standing in an Honours biologyprogram and permission of the Department.Workshops three hours per week.

BIOL 4907 [1.0 credit]Honours Essay and Research ProposalAn independent critical review and research proposal,using library resources, under the direct supervision of aFaculty advisor. Evaluation is based on a written reportand a poster presentation.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 4905 and BIOL 4908.Prerequisite(s): fourth-year standing in an Honours Biologyprogram and permission of the Department.

BIOL 4908 [1.0 credit]Honours Research ThesisAn independent research project undertaken in the fieldand/or the laboratory, under the direct supervision of afaculty adviser. Evaluation is based on a written thesis anda poster presentation.Includes: Experiential Learning ActivityPrecludes additional credit for BIOL 4905 and BIOL 4907.Prerequisite(s): fourth-year standing in an Honours biologyprogram with a minimum CGPA of 8.0 in the major orpermission of the Department.














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