20th century decolonization intro
TRANSCRIPT
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Decolonization/Independence movements in
Africa, Asia, and the Middle East
1920s – 1980s
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OverviewBy the mid-20 th century,
many REGIONS in Africa, Asia & the Middle East had “freed” themselves from European Imperial dominance.
Decolonization is the term historians have used to
describe this process
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What happened?
European withdrawal Revolutions overthrew Europeans
Non-violent Independence Movements
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Causes of Decolonization
Education & information acquired by Asians & Africans.
World WarsAsians & Africans questioned European superiority
War in the colonies
Nationalism!
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DecolonizationMany different African and Asian
groups used a variety of ways to gain independence.
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RESULTS of Decolonization Regions of the world became
“independent”; new nation-states were born
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Problems remained (or were they caused by European imperialism?)
Economic dependency on the West and other regions of the
world.
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the indigenous elite often replaced the colonial elite maintaining a large gap between rich and poor.
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Tribal, racial, religious differences led to conflicts & wars
INDIAN PARTITION
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Civil War in Nigeria Tribal-based
genocide in Rwanda
Civil War in Vietnam