2.1 - structure ib topics 2.1.1-2.1.7. biotic and abiotic components biotic all living components...
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Biotic and Abiotic Components
Biotic All living
components of the ecosystem
Ex:
Abiotic All non-living
components of the ecosystem
Ex:
Pyramid of Biomass A graphical model
of the amount of biomass present in a food chain at a certain point in time
Key Words (define and provide a local example of each) Species Population Habitat Niche Community Ecosystem
Parasitism Mutualism Predation Herbivory
Estimating abundance of organisms Counting the
number of organisms is almost always done using an estimate
Example 1
13 deer were caught and marked
14 deer were caught the second time and 5 were marked
Example 2
75 Ladybugs were caught and marked
80 Ladybugs were caught the second time and 3 were marked
Quadrats A square of area
used to measure the population of non-mobile organisms Can help to
calculate population density and percentage cover
Simpson’s Diversity Index Used to compare
diversity between areas
High value of D implies stable ecosystem
Low value of D implies unstable ecosystem
Rainforest
Desert Tundra Temperate Forest
Grassland
Prevailing Climate
Location
Sun Exposure
Precipitation
Limiting Factors
Rainforest
Desert Tundra Temperate Forest
Grassland
Prevailing Climate
Hot, Humid, Rainy
Hot, Dry Cold Seasonal Varied by location
Location Near Equator
Varied, where no
precip
Poles 40-60o N Latitude
Varied, where some precip
Sun Exposure
High Varied, usually
high
Low Medium, Seasonal
Varied
Precipitation
High None Snow Medium, Seasonal
Low
Limiting Factors
Too much precip.
Not enough water
Too cold, permafrost
Seasons Low precip