21-week assessment review. what is commensalism? one species benefits with no harm or affect on the...
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21-WEEK ASSESSMENT REVIEW
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What is commensalism?
One species benefits with no harm or affect on the other.
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What is mutualism?
Both species benefit from the relationship.
Ex: an orchid being pollinated by a nectar collecting wasp
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What is parasitism?
One species benefits at the expense of or harm to the
other species.Ex: tick feeding on a dog;
mistletoe absorbing nutrients from an ash tree
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Why is overfishing bad?
The fish can’t adapt or reproduce fast enough
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What is the difference between these 2 pyramids?
The top pyramid, each level supports a lesser amount of biomass.
Bottom pyramid, less phytoplankton can support a larger amount of zooplankton.
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Put the following on the pyramid in order of greatest biomass, or energy, or total number.
GrassWolfRaccoon Grasshopper
Grass
Grasshopper
Raccoon
Wolf
Producers
1st Consumer
2nd Consumer
3rd Consumer
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How much energy is passed to the next level?
10%
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What happens to the other 90%?
Used by the organisms at that level & given off as heat
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If there are 50,000 kilocalories of energy at the producer level in a
habitat, how many kilocalories would be at the tertiary consumer level?
50 tertiary500 secondary
5,000 primary50,000 producer
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What trophic level contains the most energy?
Producer SecondaryConsumer
Primary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
Producers
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Fox
Cat
Mouse Rabbit
Grass
Rabbits and mice are herbivores that feed on grass. Cats are carnivores & prey on mice. Rabbits are prey to both cats & foxes. What would the food web look like for these feeding relationships?
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Fox
Cat
Mouse Rabbit
Grass
Explain which animals would be affected if a disease killed out all the grass.
All would be affected because of lack of food.
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In a habitat, horned toads eat ants and ants eat grass. What would happen if the number of horned
toads increased?
The number of ants will decrease & the amount of grass will increase
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Where do herbivores get their energy?
Producers
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Which organisms are herbivores?
Snails, grasshopper, snow geese
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Which organisms are carnivores?
Rat, salmon, bald eagle, marsh hawk, harbour seal, killer whale
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Which organisms are omnivores?
Vole, Herring, mosquito
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What trophic level of a food web would be the most damaging if it
died out?
producers
Can you explain why?
All the energy in the system starts with the producers. All other levels would
run out of food eventually.
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The removal of which organisms would have the greatest affect on
the ecosystem?Marsh vegetation (grasses)
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What happens to dead animal tissue in an ecosystem?
Becomes nutrients for other organisms
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In the nitrogen cycle, what organisms that live in soil and on roots fix or make usable by plants the greatest amount of nitrogen?
Bacteria fix the most nitrogen.
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What would happen if decomposers like earthworms were removed from an
ecosystem?
The cycle will be disrupted and slowed
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What is primary succession?
Regrowth of a community on barren land where no life has inhabited
before
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common bacteria, fights off competitors by injecting them with toxic
proteins using a needle like puncturing device…
Good competitor
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What are examples of primary succession?
Oceanic volcano eruptions & glacier retreats
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What species would appear first during primary succession?
Lichens & mosses
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What is secondary succession?
Regrowth of a community after a natural disaster
Ex: forest fire, hurricane, volcano eruption
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What type of organisms would grow after soil had formed?
grasses