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H I G H E R  EDUCATION C O M M I S S I O N

CURRICULUM

OF

ARCHITECTURE

(Revised 2004)

HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

ISLAMABAD

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CURRICULUM DIVISION, HEC

Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Shaikh Adviser (HRD)

Qazi Riaz Ahmad Director

Curriculum

Malik Ghulam Aas De!ut"

Director

Miss Gha""ur #atima De!ut"

Director

Mr. M. $ahir Ali Shah Assista%t

Director

Mrs. &oshaa A'ais Assista%t

Director

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Com!osed " Mr. ul*ar Ali+ H,C -slamaad

CONTENTS

. -%troductio% /

0. Curriculum for 1. Architecture 2

i) Scheme of Studies 2ii) Course outli%e for ma3or courses 4

iii) Course outli%e for su!!orti%5 /Courses

6. Recomme%datio%s 0/

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PREFACE

Curriculum of a subject is said to be the throbbing pulse of a nation. By looking at

the curriculum one can judge the state of intellectual development and the state of 

 progress of the nation. The orld has turned into a global village! ne ideas and

information are pouring in like a stream. "t is# therefore# imperative to update our 

curricula regularly by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields of knoledge.

"n e$ercise of the poers conferred by sub%section &1' of section 3 of the (ederal

)upervision of Curricula Te$tbooks and *aintenance of )tandards of +ducation

,ct 1-/# the (ederal 0overnment vide notification no. 3/%+, &Cur.'# dated

ecember 4# 1-/# appointed niversity 0rants Commission as the competent

authority to look after the curriculum revision ork beyond class 5"" at bachelor 

level and onards to all degrees# certificates and diplomas aarded by degree

colleges# universities and other institutions of higher education.

"n pursuance of the above decisions and directives# the 6igher +ducation

Commission &6+C' is continually performing curriculum revision in collaboration

ith universities. ,ccording to the decision of the special meeting of 7ice%

Chancellors8 Committee# curriculum of a subject must be revieed after every 3

years. (or the purpose# various committees are constituted at the national level

comprising senior teachers nominated by universities. Teachers from local degree

colleges and e$perts from user organi9ations# here re:uired# are also included in

these committees. The ;ational Curriculum

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CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT

)T,0+%" )T,0+%"" )T,0+%""" )T,0+%"7

C

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INTRODUCTION

The ;ational Curriculum arachi

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/. ,rcht. )yed ,li Fafar Euadri *ember  

Chairman

akistan Council of ,rchitects and Ton lanners &C,T'

)uit 111# (irst (loor#

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3. ,rcht. ,siya )adi: *ember  

,ssistant rofessor 

epartment of ,rchitecture H lanning

 ;+ niversity of +ngineering H Technology

>arachi

4. ,rcht. lr. ahangir >han )herpao *ember  6ouse ;o. # )treet ;o.32# (%I1

"slamabad

?. ,rcht. 6amir )oomro *ember  

6ead

epartment of ,rchitecture

"ndus 7alley )chool of ,rt H ,rchitecture

>arachi

The meeting as inaugurated by r. ,ltaf ,li 0. )haikh# ,dviser 6

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education# capitali9ing upon its strength and interest. +ach institution may also use

its on nomenclature for the courses proposed in this scheme of studies# as long as

the topics listed in course outlines are covered and the goal of the degree

 programme and objectives of each year identified here are achieved.

This scheme of studies is prepared for semester system. "n case an institution is

operating on annual system# the scheme may be appropriately adjusted# as long asthe minimum re:uirement identified is fulfilled.

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CURRICULUM FOR B. ARCHITECTURE

Goal and Objective

(ive%year B.,rch. egree course &professional under%graduate level' aims at

 producing professionals ho ill assume major leadership role in shaping the built

environment and meet the challenges posed by the cotemporary development tofulfil the needs of the present day orld and the time to come.

The five%year degree course is a to%level programme# spread over ten semestersG

(ormative level &semesters 1%/' and Consolidation level &semesters %1='# each

level having specific objectives.

@bjective at the (ormative level &semesters 1%/' is to develop oral# ritten# visual#

and graphic presentation skills and technical knoledge necessary for perception

and e$pression of ideas in architectural design. The focus is to train students ith

an ability to design various functions along ith their orking details.

hereas# objective at the Consolidation level &semesters %1=' is to inculcate an in%

depth perception of architecture as an activity in time and space# and develop

ability to design functions ith an aareness of conte$tual issues involved ith

various facets of architecture.

SCHEME OF STUDIES

@bjective at first year &semesters 1%2' is to introduce basics of visual

communication and develop skills and techni:ues of sketching# drafting# and presentation. )cheme of studies for semesters 1 and 2 is as follosG

Se!ete"#ICredit 6ours

Basic esignJ" /

7isual CommunicationJ" 3

Business Communication 2

6istory of ,rchitectureJ" 2

"slamic and akistan )tudiesJ" 2

  )ub%Total  $%

Se!ete"&IICredit 6ours

Basic esignJ"" /

7isual CommunicationJ"" 3

Computer ,pplication in ,rchitectureJ" 2

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"slamic and akistan )tudiesJ"" 2

*aterials and ConstructionJ" 2

)ub%Total  $%

@bjective at second year &semesters 3%4' is to strengthen communication skills

&drafting and presentation' through design of functional spaces in tandem ith

 building materials and construction techni:ues. )cheme of studies for semesters 3and 4 is as follosG

Se!ete"&III Credit 6ours

,rchitectural esignJ" /

Computer ,pplication in ,rchitectureJ"" 3

*aterials and ConstructionJ"" 3

7isual CommunicationJ""" 3

6istory of ,rchitectureJ"" 2)ub%Total  $'

Se!ete"&I( Credit 6ours

,rchitectural esignJ"" /

7isual CommunicationJ"7 2

*aterials and ConstructionJ""" 3

)tructure for ,rchitectsJ" 2

Computer ,pplication in ,rchitectureJ""" 2

)urveying and Aevelling 2

)ub%Total  $'

@bjective at third year &semesters ?%/' is to synthesi9e the knoledge gained in

different subject areas up to this stage and demonstrate it along ith a command

over communication skills through integrated design projects. )cheme of studies

for semesters ? and / is as follosG

Se!ete"&( Credit 6ours

,rchitectural esignJ""" /

*aterials and ConstructionJ"7 3

)tructure for ,rchitectsJ"" 3

)ervices and +ngineering )ystemsJ" 2

6istory of ,rchitectureJ""" 2

)ub%Total  $)

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Se!ete"&(I Credit 6ours

,rchitectural esignJ"7 /

*aterials and ConstructionJ7 3

)tructure for ,rchitectsJ""" 3

)ervices and +ngineering )ystemsJ"" 2

Climatology and Thermal Comfort 2)ub%Total  $)

CONSOLIDATION LE(EL

@bjective at fourth year &semesters %I' is to develop theoretical and perceptual

 basis of architectural design through an understanding of the interaction of built

form ith its historical# physical# and social environment. )cheme of studies for 

semesters and I is as follosG

Se!ete"&(II Credit 6ours

,rchitectural esignJ7

rban esign 2

Theory of ,rchitectureJ" 2

Conservation and ,daptive

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Se!ete"&I* Credit 6ours

,rchitectural esignJ7"" ?

Thesis esignJ" /

rofessional ractice 2

+lective &one' 2

)ub%Total  $%

Se!ete"&* Credit 6ours

Thesis esignJ"" 12

+lectives &to' 4

)ub%Total  $)

Total Co"e Co+"e ,% No.

Total C"edit Ho+" o- Co"e Co+"e $%$ Min./

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S0ecial Int"+ction

1. )trong coordination is re:uired beteen major and supporting courses.

Contents and modes of instruction in each supporting course should be

structured in such a ay that it supports the major &,rchitectural esign'

in achieving the identified objective of the yearsemester.

2. ,t the end of fourth year# students should be re:uired to present portfolio of 

 projects prepared through computer graphic programmes.

3. )tudents of third year &semester 7 H 7"' and fourth year &semesters 7"" H

7"""' should be re:uired to do compulsory internship or field studies for 

si$ eeks in summer vacation. B.,rch. degree should be aarded to only

those students ho have completed a minimum of 12 eeks of 

internship# besides completing other re:uirements of the degree.

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,. Lit o- Elective Co+"e

1. ,nthropology

2. ,ppropriate *aterials and Techni:ues

3. ,rchitectural hotography

4. Building +conomics

?. Calligraphy

/. +nvironmental sychology

. 6ousing and Community evelopment

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scale'# architectural design involving simple functions and local building materials

ith simple construction details.

A"c2itect+"al Dei1n&II

istinction beteen client8s brief and architect8s brief# development of design

concept# site analysis# functional and formal implications of a design brief 

resolving them in design proposals for medium%scale and medium%span buildings

to demonstrate understanding of functions# materials# structures# and technology

along ith study of construction details.

A"c2itect+"al Dei1n&III

rojects involving multiple functions and comple$ spatial organi9ations ith

comprehension of issues related to project programme# site# users# materials# and

technology# identification of structure# services and engineering systems.

A"c2itect+"al Dei1n&I(Aarge%span structures! high%rise buildings ith comprehension of structure#

services and engineering systems! project focusing on thermal comfort ith

services and construction details.

A"c2itect+"al Dei1n&(

,rchitectural design to be evolved and justified through its conte$tual concerns

such as historical significance! natural# built# socio%economic and cultural

environment! including pedestrian and vehicular movement# projects involving

conservationadaptive re%use# interior design# and landscaping.

A"c2itect+"al Dei1n&(I

Community planning &housing' involving socio%cultural research# research and

design focusing on architectural vocabulary and building grammar# identity# and

representation.

A"c2itect+"e Dei1n&(II

The purpose of projects is to help students in their thesis design. Aet each student

do 4%? short design projects. +ach short project of a student should focus on a

specific aspect of hisher thesis.

THESIS DESIGN

"n the fifth year &semesters "5 and 5 ' each student is re:uired to focus on thesis

design hich has to be a comprehensive architectural solution developed on the

 basis of an in%depth studyresearch on a project of the student8s on choice.

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T2ei Dei1n&I

)election of thesis topic# designing and conducting research and case studies# and

concluding in the form of design criteria#

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Co!0+te" A00lication in A"c2itect+"e&III

This course is intended to develop basic skills of students in 3% )tudio *a$ or 

any other rendering and animation softare

CONSER(ATION AND ADA4TI(E REUSE

Theories and approaches for conservation in the light of international conventions

and charters# study of conservation problems at different scales such as buildings

and settlements! study of indigenous and latest techni:ues for monitoring and

conservation of historical premises of cultural importance.

HISTOR3 OF ARCHITECTURE

Hito"5 o- A"c2itect+"e&I

The course aims at the study of architectural and structural developments in

 building forms and spaces! sources and modes of influences in +gyptian# est

,siatic# "ndus 7alley and Chinese civili9ation through classical periods in +urope#

*edieval#

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ISLAMIC AND 4A6ISTAN STUDIES

This course ill be taught in the light of prescribed syllabus by the respective

institutions. 

LANDSCA4E DESIGN

"ntroduction and meaning of landscape and environment# concept and importance

of interior and e$terior landscape design# study and use of hard and soft landscape

elements# street furniture and hardare# landscape structures and outdoor lighting#

study of e$amples across the globe. 

MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

Mate"ial and Cont"+ction&I

This course ill focus on properties of traditional and modern materials# their 

selection criteria and use in construction! their classification such asG structural

non%structural# finishing and insulating materials etc.

Mate"ial and Cont"+ction&II

The objective of this course is to study building components# types of foundations#

and construction systems! traditional construction ith local materials such as

 bricks# stone# and timber.

Mate"ial and Cont"+ction&III

)tudy of building construction in concrete# steel# fibre glass and other materials#

internal and e$ternal finishes# and insulation techni:ues.

Mate"ial and Cont"+ction&I(

)pecial construction such as shoring# underpinning# under ater construction#underground retaining alls# fire resisting H radiation protection construction etc.

Mate"ial and Cont"+ction # (

orking draings and specifications! preparation of complete set of architectural#

structural# electrical# mechanical orking draings and details. reparation of 

contract documents# B@Es# specifications and analysis of rates.

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4ROFESSIONAL 4RACTICE

The objective of this course is to familiari9e the students ith the practical aspects

of professional practice! it includes office management# financial management# site

management# building bye las# regulations and legal aspects! role of professional

 bodies regulating the profession.

4RO7ECT MANAGEMENT

The basic concepts of project management from inception to e$ecution and

delivery of the project! preparation of .C. erforma8s# C*# +

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STRUCTURE FOR ARCHITECTS

St"+ct+"e -o" A"c2itect&I

rinciples of stress and strain# elastic constants# determinacy# bending# combined

and direct stress# simple theory of bending# moment of resistance# bending momentand shear force# properties of materials.

St"+ct+"e -o" A"c2itect&II

,nalysis of simple structure ith simplified ideali9ation# emphasis on :ualitative

analysis including beams frames# trusses# arches and cables for static and moving

load# deflection of simple beams ith double integration methods! "ntroduction to

design of

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(ISUAL COMMUNICATION

The objective of this course is to learn tools and techni:ues to present ideas

graphically.

(i+al Co!!+nication&I 

(reehand draing! lettering! drafting J point# line# and 2% patterns# understanding

colour heel.

(i+al Co!!+nication&II

)olid geometry# sectional solid geometry# sciagraphy# and orthographic projections.

(i+al Co!!+nication&III

"ntroduction to perspectives &one point# and multiple points'# rendering techni:ues

in different mediums.

(i+al Co!!+nication&I(

"ntroduction to photography! model making! understanding and preparation of 

 plans# elevations# and sections of a building.

Lit o- Readin1 Mate"ial

Baic Dei1n

• Aason# Language of Space.

• >apa9# Colour in Three Dimensional Design.

• )chul9# Architecture: Presence Language, Place.

• 0iddings# ,rtist# Impressions in Architectural Design.

• oran# Construction Materials Reference Boo.

•

  6ombostal# Construction Materials: T!pes, "ses an# Applications.• F 6 )yed# Materials for Construction.

• Barnes# Materials for Architects an# Buil#ers.

• Charles allschlaeger H Cynthia Busic#%)nyder# Basic $isual Concepts an# 

 Principles for Architects % Design.

• )tean +iler

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• Thomas# Architecture an# the "r-an &n*ironment.

• *oughtin# "r-an Design: Metho#s an# Techni/ues.

•  Burden# Site Planning +an#-oo.

425ical Envi"on!ental St+die

•

 +nerconG +an#-oo on &nerg! Conser*ation.• ones# Architecture an# the &n*ironment, Bioclimatic Buil#ing Design.

• >rishnen# Climate Responsi*e Architecture: A #esign +an#-oo for &nerg!

 &fficient Buil#ings.

• *ichel# Light the Shape of Space: Designing ith Space an# Light.

• +gan# Architectural Lighting  &2nd edition'.

• Coaton# Lamps an# Lighting  &4th edition'.

• 0rehant# Acoustics in Buil#ing.

• +verest# Master +an#-oo of Acoustics &4th edition'.

• ,centech# Architectural Acoustics, Design 8ui#e.

Co!!+nication S8ill

• Chappell# Report 9riting for Architects an# Pro1ect Managers &3rd edition'.

• Stan#ar# Letters in Architectural Practice &2nd edition'.

G"a02ic and Model Ma8in1

• efferies# Architectural Drafting an# Design &4th edition'.

• 0reusel# Architects &ssentials of Presentation Sills.

• Dee#  Architectural Draing A $isual Compen#ium of t!pes an# metho#s

&2nd edition'.

• >opoa9# Colour in Three Dimensional Design.

• )trunk H hite# The &lements of St!le.

• +dard

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• Aitteleood# Lan#scape Detailing: Surfaces &3rd edition'.

• Aittleood# Lan#scape Detailing: Structure &3rd edition'.

Se"vice and En1inee"in1 S5te!

• orges# +$AC &ngineers +an#-oo  &11th edition'.

• >reider#  +eating an# Cooling of Buil#ings: Design for &fficienc!  &2nd

edition'.

• Clifford# Mo#ern +eating, $entilating an# Air Con#itioning.

• *c:uisto# +eating, $entilating an# Air con#itioning, Anal!sis an# Design.

• (alla *oore# +eating, Cooling an# $entilating S!stems.

• 0arrett# +ot an# Col# 9ater Suppl! &2nd edition'.

• *ays# ater istribution )ystems 6andbook.

• Treloar# lanning# 6eating and 0as "nstallations &2nd edition'.

• )teims# Building TechnologyG *echanical and +lectrical )ystems &2nd

edition'.

Hito"5 o- A"c2itect+"e

• (letcher# +istor! of Architecture on Comparati*e Metho#s.

• enson# In#us Ci*ili;ation.

• (rankel# 8othic Architecture.

• *elon# Baro/ue Architecture.

• atkin# A +istor! of 9estern Architecture.

• oordan# Tentieth Centur! Architecture.

• Blundell# Mo#ern Architecture through Case Stu#ies.

•  (rampton# Mo#ern Architecture, A Critical +istor!.

• erner# The Sources of Mo#ern Architecture an# Design.

• Blair# The Art an# Architecture of Islam 12?=%1I==.

• >och# Mughal Architecture.

• >han# , ;# Islamic Architecture of Paistan.

• Bron# In#ian Architecture &6indu Buddhist eriod'.

• Bro# In#ian Architecture &*uslim eriod'.

• 0rabar# The (ormation of Islamic Art.• illiam Curtis, Mo#ern Architecture Since 2355.

• *arylin )tokatad# Art a Brief +istor!.

4"o-eional 4"actice

• Buckam# &stimating for Buil#ers an# Sur*e!ors &2nd edition'.

• ,:ua 0roup# Ten#ers an# Cost Control for Buil#ings.

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• 6ackett#  Pre0Contract Practice an# Contract A#ministration for the

 Buil#ing Team.

• illis# Specification 9riting for Architects an# Sur*e!ors &11th edition'.

• (ryer# The Practice of Construction Management  &3rd edition'.

St"+ct+"e -o" A"c2itect• Chilton# Space 8ri# Structure.

• *aconald# Structure an# Architecture &2nd edition'.

• *ainis )ne, De*elopments in Structural (orm.

• Barnett# Inno*ations in Concrete.

• Barnes# 9i#e Span Roof Structures.

• 6anaor  , Principles of Structure.

• *ayer# Design for Concrete Structure.

• (rench# (un#amentals of Structural   Anal!sis.

• )am# Theor! an# Practice of (oun#ation Design.

Cone"vation and Ada0tive Re+e

• arren# Conser*ation of Brics.

• (ielden# Conser*ation of +istoric Buil#ings.

• Aarson# Conser*ation of +istoric Structure: An &cological Approach.

• @liver  , Dampness in Buil#ings.

• >ays# Mechanical an# &lectrical S!stems for +istoric Buil#ings.

• oell# Architecture Re0-orn, The Conser*ation an# Re0Construction of )l# 

 Buil#ings.

Reea"c2 Met2odolo15

• umar  , Research Metho#olog!.

• +arl Babbie , Social Research Metho#s.

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Reco!!endation

"n deliberations during three%day sessions# a number of points came under 

discussion. "t as highlighted that there is a strong need to strengthen institutions

imparting architectural education in the country.

1. 6igher +ducation Commission should provide funds for the continual

faculty development by arranging scholarships for short and long term

courses as ell as e$change of faculty beteen institutions ithin and

outside the country.

2. ;one of the institutions at present is e:uipped ith latest facilities and

teaching aid. "t is therefore felt very strongly that the facilities should be

upgraded. hile allocating funds to universities# 6+C should make sure

that ade:uate funds are diverted to the departments of architecture. To

start ith# a separate grant may immediately be allocated for the

improvement of facilities at architecture departments.

3. "t is also felt by the members that a separate course under the

nomenclature K,rchitectural )tudiesL or K+nvironmental )tudiesL should

 be introduced at the higher secondary school level to increase the

aareness among the masses regarding the profession of architecture.