21.4 biomes and aquatic ecosystems what are the six major biomes found on earth? what factors...
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21.4 Biomes and Aquatic Ecosystems
• What are the six major biomes found on Earth?• What factors determine the types
of biomes found in an area?• What do freshwater and marine
ecosystems include?
• Biomes – Group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms–Mostly determine by the climate –
temperature and precipitation – in an area
Deciduous Forest Biome
• WE LIVE HERE!!!!• Deciduous Trees –
shed their leaves and replace them each year– Oaks & Maples
• 50 cm rain/year• Organism adaptions
– migrate, hibernate
Deciduous Forest Biome
• Also called Temperate Forest– Moderate temperature and rainfall
Tropical Rain Forest
• At or near the equator• Warm & Wet• 200 – 400 cm
rain/year• Forest layers – Canopy– Understory
• Abundance of species, especially insects
Tropical Rain Forest
Tropical Rain Forest
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/tropicalrainforests/
Grassland/Savannah Biome
• Populated mostly by grasses and other non-woody plants
• moderate rainfall, 25 to 120 cm rain/year (not enough to support trees)
• Hot summer, Cold winter• Rich fertile soil• Also called prairies
Grassland Biomes
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/savanna/
Home to large herbivores - grazers
Desert Biome
• Receives less than 25 cm rain/year
• Hot days, cold nights• Few plants, cacti• Organisms = highly
adapted– Animals burrow– Plants store water
Desert Biomes
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/deserts/
Taiga Biome• Boreal Forest• Coniferous trees – seeds in cones,
needle leaves = spruce, fir
• Cold winter, mild rainy summer
• Little water – frozen much of the year
Boreal Forest Biome• Squirrels, Moose,
Wolves• Adaptions = waxy
leaves to prevent water loss
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/taiga/
Tundra Biomes• Cold & Dry• Less than 25 cm
PRECIPITATION/year, snow
• Permafrost – some soil remains frozen throughout the year
• NO trees• Spring = covered in moss• Summer = grasses
Tundra Biome
Mountains• Have different climates
because of their elevation
• Top/Peak is colder than base
• Wet side & dry side because of wind
• Characteristics of several biomes
Freshwater Ecosystems
• Includes streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands such as swamps, bogs, and marshes
Freshwater Ecosystems
• Ponds & Lakes – Do not flow over land• Lakes = larger, longer lasting– Fed by rivers or underground sources
• Many fish, amphibians, insects, birds nearby
• Lake Tahoe = Utah– 22 miles x 12 miles– 2 to 3 million years old– Filled by rivers
Freshwater Ecosystems
• Rivers and Streams = moving water–Change as they move,
starts cool and clear and ends warm and murky–Adaptions = hooks,
suckers to hang on to rocks, swim against currents
Freshwater Ecosystems
• Wetlands – aquatic and terrestrial–Moving and still– Some are temporary• Always covered to only
a few weeks a year–Home for many
species
Marine Ecosystems• Oceans – Salty waters• Estuaries – where fresh and saltwater meet• Covers over 70% of Earths surface
Marine Ecosystem
• Intertidal Zone – where ocean meets land–Waves, mud, sand, few
plants– Shorebirds, crabs
(burrow)
Marine Ecosystems
• Ocean zones
Marine Ecosystem
• Neritic Zone – Shallow waters– Seaweed, Algae– Hiding for small fish, turtle food– Coral Reef – in tropical neritic• Coral skeleton
– Octopus, Squid, Turtles
Marine Ecosystem
• Oceanic Zone– Deep Ocean– Cold and Dark– Many fish & marine mammals
• Benthic Zone– Just above floor– Sponges, sea stars
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/landbiomes/
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/biomes-desert-tropical-rainforest-savanna-coral-reefs-more.html
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/biomes-desert-tropical-rainforest-savanna-coral-reefs-more.html