Rules on Materials and Welding for the Classification

of Marine Units

February 2013

Rule Note NR 216 DT R06 E

Marine Division 92571 Neuilly sur Seine Cedex - France

Tel: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 00 Fax: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 25 Marine website: http://www.veristar.com Email: veristarinfo@bureauveritas.com

2013 Bureau Veritas All rights reserved

ARTICLE 1

1.1. - BUREAU VERITAS is a Society the purpose of whose Marine Division (the "Society") is the classi-fication (" Classification ") of any ship or vessel or structure of any type or part of it or system therein col-lectively hereinafter referred to as a "Unit" whether linked to shore, river bed or sea bed or not, whetheroperated or located at sea or in inland waters or partly on land, including submarines, hovercrafts, drillingrigs, offshore installations of any type and of any purpose, their related and ancillary equipment, subseaor not, such as well head and pipelines, mooring legs and mooring points or otherwise as decided by theSociety.

The Society: prepares and publishes Rules for classification, Guidance Notes and other documents (Rules); issues Certificates, Attestations and Reports following its interventions (Certificates); publishes Registers.

1.2. - The Society also participates in the application of National and International Regulations or Stand-ards, in particular by delegation from different Governments. Those activities are hereafter collectively re-ferred to as " Certification ".1.3. - The Society can also provide services related to Classification and Certification such as ship andcompany safety management certification; ship and port security certification, training activities; all activi-ties and duties incidental thereto such as documentation on any supporting means, software, instrumen-tation, measurements, tests and trials on board.

1.4. - The interventions mentioned in 1.1., 1.2. and 1.3. are referred to as " Services ". The party and/or itsrepresentative requesting the services is hereinafter referred to as the " Client ". The Services are pre-pared and carried out on the assumption that the Clients are aware of the International Maritimeand/or Offshore Industry (the "Industry") practices.1.5. - The Society is neither and may not be considered as an Underwriter, Broker in ship's sale or char-tering, Expert in Unit's valuation, Consulting Engineer, Controller, Naval Architect, Manufacturer, Ship-builder, Repair yard, Charterer or Shipowner who are not relieved of any of their expressed or impliedobligations by the interventions of the Society.

ARTICLE 22.1. - Classification is the appraisement given by the Society for its Client, at a certain date, following sur-veys by its Surveyors along the lines specified in Articles 3 and 4 hereafter on the level of compliance ofa Unit to its Rules or part of them. This appraisement is represented by a class entered on the Certificatesand periodically transcribed in the Society's Register.

2.2. - Certification is carried out by the Society along the same lines as set out in Articles 3 and 4 hereafterand with reference to the applicable National and International Regulations or Standards.

2.3. - It is incumbent upon the Client to maintain the condition of the Unit after surveys, to presentthe Unit for surveys and to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may affect thegiven appraisement or cause to modify its scope.2.4. - The Client is to give to the Society all access and information necessary for the safe and efficientperformance of the requested Services. The Client is the sole responsible for the conditions of presenta-tion of the Unit for tests, trials and surveys and the conditions under which tests and trials are carried out.

ARTICLE 33.1. - The Rules, procedures and instructions of the Society take into account at the date of theirpreparation the state of currently available and proven technical knowledge of the Industry. Theyare not a standard or a code of construction neither a guide for maintenance, a safety handbookor a guide of professional practices, all of which are assumed to be known in detail and carefullyfollowed at all times by the Client.Committees consisting of personalities from the Industry contribute to the development of those docu-ments.3.2. - The Society only is qualified to apply its Rules and to interpret them. Any reference to themhas no effect unless it involves the Society's intervention.3.3. - The Services of the Society are carried out by professional Surveyors according to the applicableRules and to the Code of Ethics of the Society. Surveyors have authority to decide locally on matters re-lated to classification and certification of the Units, unless the Rules provide otherwise.

3.4. - The operations of the Society in providing its Services are exclusively conducted by way ofrandom inspections and do not in any circumstances involve monitoring or exhaustive verifica-tion.

ARTICLE 4

4.1. - The Society, acting by reference to its Rules: reviews the construction arrangements of the Units as shown on the documents presented by the Cli-

ent; conducts surveys at the place of their construction; classes Units and enters their class in its Register; surveys periodically the Units in service to note that the requirements for the maintenance of class are

met.

The Client is to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may cause the date or theextent of the surveys to be changed.

ARTICLE 55.1. - The Society acts as a provider of services. This cannot be construed as an obligation bearingon the Society to obtain a result or as a warranty.5.2. - The certificates issued by the Society pursuant to 5.1. here above are a statement on the levelof compliance of the Unit to its Rules or to the documents of reference for the Services providedfor.In particular, the Society does not engage in any work relating to the design, building, productionor repair checks, neither in the operation of the Units or in their trade, neither in any advisory serv-ices, and cannot be held liable on those accounts. Its certificates cannot be construed as an im-plied or express warranty of safety, fitness for the purpose, seaworthiness of the Unit or of its valuefor sale, insurance or chartering.5.3. - The Society does not declare the acceptance or commissioning of a Unit, nor of its construc-tion in conformity with its design, that being the exclusive responsibility of its owner or builder,respectively.

5.4. - The Services of the Society cannot create any obligation bearing on the Society or constitute anywarranty of proper operation, beyond any representation set forth in the Rules, of any Unit, equipment ormachinery, computer software of any sort or other comparable concepts that has been subject to any sur-vey by the Society.

ARTICLE 66.1. - The Society accepts no responsibility for the use of information related to its Services which was notprovided for the purpose by the Society or with its assistance.

6.2. - If the Services of the Society cause to the Client a damage which is proved to be the directand reasonably foreseeable consequence of an error or omission of the Society, its liability to-wards the Client is limited to ten times the amount of fee paid for the Service having caused thedamage, provided however that this limit shall be subject to a minimum of eight thousand (8,000)Euro, and to a maximum which is the greater of eight hundred thousand (800,000) Euro and oneand a half times the above mentioned fee.The Society bears no liability for indirect or consequential loss such as e.g. loss of revenue, lossof profit, loss of production, loss relative to other contracts and indemnities for termination of oth-er agreements.6.3. - All claims are to be presented to the Society in writing within three months of the date when the Serv-ices were supplied or (if later) the date when the events which are relied on of were first known to the Client,and any claim which is not so presented shall be deemed waived and absolutely barred. Time is to be in-terrupted thereafter with the same periodicity.

ARTICLE 77.1. - Requests for Services are to be in writing.7.2. - Either the Client or the Society can terminate as of right the requested Services after givingthe other party thirty days' written notice, for convenience, and without prejudice to the provisionsin Article 8 hereunder. 7.3. - The class granted to the concerned Units and the previously issued certificates remain valid until thedate of effect of the notice issued according to 7.2. here above subject to compliance with 2.3. here aboveand Article 8 hereunder.

7.4. - The contract for classification and/or certification of a Unit cannot be transferred neither assigned.

ARTICLE 88.1. - The Services of the Society, whether completed or not, involve, for the part carried out, the paymentof fee upon receipt of the invoice and the reimbursement of the expenses incurred.

8.2. Overdue amounts are increased as of right by interest in accordance with the applicable leg-islation.8.3. - The class of a Unit may be suspended in the event of non-payment of fee after a first unfruitfulnotification to pay.

ARTICLE 9

9.1. - The documents and data provided to or prepared by the Society for its Services, and the informationavailable to the Society, are treated as confidential. However: clients have access to the data they have provided to the Society and, during the period of classifica-

tion of the Unit for them, to the classification file consisting of survey reports and certificates whichhave been prepared at any time by the Society for the classification of the Unit;

copy of the documents made available for the classification of the Unit and of available survey reportscan be handed over to another Classification Society, where appropriate, in case of the Unit's transferof class;

the data relative to the evolution of the Register, to the class suspension and to the survey status of theUnits, as well as general technical information related to hull and equipment damages, are passed onto IACS (International Association of Classification Societies) according to the association workingrules;

the certificates, documents and information relative to the Units classed with the Society may bereviewed during certificating bodies audits and are disclosed upon order of the concerned governmen-tal or inter-governmental authorities or of a Court having jurisdiction.

The documents and data are subject to a file management plan.

ARTICLE 1010.1. - Any delay or shortcoming in the performance of its Services by the Society arising from an eventnot reasonably foreseeable by or beyond the control of the Society shall be deemed not to be a breach ofcontract.

ARTICLE 1111.1. - In case of diverging opinions during surveys between the Client and the Society's surveyor, the So-ciety may designate another of its surveyors at the request of the Client.

11.2. - Disagreements of a technical nature between the Client and the Society can be submitted by theSociety to the advice of its Marine Advisory Committee.

ARTICLE 1212.1. - Disputes over the Services carried out by delegation of Governments are assessed within theframework of the applicable agreements with the States, international Conventions and national rules.

12.2. - Disputes arising out of the payment of the Society's invoices by the Client are submitted to the Courtof Nanterre, France.

12.3. - Other disputes over the present General Conditions or over the Services of the Society areexclusively submitted to arbitration, by three arbitrators, in London according to the ArbitrationAct 1996 or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof. The contract between the Societyand the Client shall be governed by English law.

ARTICLE 1313.1. - These General Conditions constitute the sole contractual obligations binding together theSociety and the Client, to the exclusion of all other representation, statements, terms, conditionswhether express or implied. They may be varied in writing by mutual agreement.13.2. - The invalidity of one or more stipulations of the present General Conditions does not affect the va-lidity of the remaining provisions.

13.3. - The definitions herein take precedence over any definitions serving the same purpose which mayappear in other documents issued by the Society.

BV Mod. Ad. ME 545 k - 17 December 2008

MARINE DIVISION

GENERAL CONDITIONS

RULES ON MATERIALS AND WELDING FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE UNITS

NR 216

Chapters 1 2 3 4 5

Chapter 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTSChapter 2 STEEL AND IRON PRODUCTSChapter 3 NON FERROUS ALLOY PRODUCTSChapter 4 MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTSChapter 5 WELDINGFebruary 2013

The English wording of these rules take precedence over editions in other lan-guages.Unless otherwise specified, these rules apply to Marine Units for which con-tracts are signed after February 1st, 2013. The Society may refer to the con-tents hereof before February 1st, 2013, as and when deemed necessary orappropriate.

2 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

CHAPTER 1GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Section 1 Manufacture, Inspection, Certification1 General 23

1.1 Scope1.2 Other specifications 1.3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser

2 Manufacture and quality 232.1 General 2.2 Chemical composition2.3 Condition of supply2.4 Identification of products

3 Inspection and testing 243.1 General conditions3.2 Alternative survey scheme3.3 Sampling for mechanical tests3.4 Mechanical tests 3.5 Re-test procedures3.6 Visual, dimensional and non-destructive examinations 3.7 Repairs of defects

4 Identification and certification 264.1 Identification and marking4.2 Documentation and certification

Section 2 Testing Procedures for Materials 1 General 28

1.1 Scope1.2 Testing machines1.3 Preparation of test specimens

2 Tensile test 282.1 Tensile test specimens2.2 Tensile test procedure2.3 Tensile re-test procedure

3 Bend test 313.1 Flat bend test specimen 3.2 Bend test procedure

4 Charpy V-notch impact test 324.1 Sampling4.2 Charpy V-notch test specimens 4.3 Charpy V-notch test procedure4.4 Charpy V-notch re-test procedure

5 Drop weight test 335.1 Definition and test specimens dimensionsFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 3

6 Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) test 336.1 General

7 Ductility tests for pipes and tubes 337.1 Flattening test 7.2 Drift expanding test 7.3 Flanging test 7.4 Ring expanding test7.5 Ring tensile test7.6 Bend test on pipes and tubes

8 Other tests and checks 358.1 Strain age embrittlement test8.2 Macrographic and micrographic examinations4 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

CHAPTER 2STEEL AND IRON PRODUCTS

Section 1 Rolled Steel Plates, Sections and Bars1 General 39

1.1 Scope1.2 Manufacture1.3 Approval 1.4 Quality of materials 1.5 Visual, dimensional and non-destructive examinations1.6 Rectification of surface defects 1.7 Condition of supply1.8 Sampling and tests1.9 Identification and marking1.10 Documentation and certification

2 Normal and higher strength steels for hull and other structural applications 422.1 Scope2.2 Steel grades2.3 Manufacture2.4 Condition of supply2.5 Chemical composition2.6 Mechanical properties2.7 Mechanical tests

3 High strength quenched and tempered steels 483.1 Scope3.2 Steel grades3.3 Manufacture3.4 Condition of supply3.5 Chemical composition 3.6 Mechanical properties3.7 Mechanical tests

4 Steels for boilers and pressure vessels 514.1 Scope4.2 Steel grades4.3 Manufacture 4.4 Condition of supply4.5 Chemical composition4.6 Mechanical properties4.7 Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures4.8 Mechanical tests

5 Ferritic steels for low temperature service 555.1 Scope5.2 Steel grades5.3 Manufacture5.4 Condition of supply5.5 Chemical composition5.6 Mechanical properties5.7 Mechanical testsFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 5

6 Steels for machinery 576.1 Scope6.2 Steel grades and relevant properties6.3 Manufacture and condition of supply6.4 Mechanical tests

7 Stainless steel products 587.1 Scope7.2 Steel grades7.3 Manufacture7.4 Condition of supply7.5 Chemical composition 7.6 Mechanical properties7.7 Mechanical tests 7.8 Metallographic structure inspection7.9 Intergranular corrosion test7.10 Through thickness tests

8 Clad steel plates 608.1 Scope8.2 Steel grades8.3 Manufacture8.4 Condition of supply8.5 Chemical composition8.6 Mechanical properties8.7 Mechanical tests 8.8 Corrosion testing8.9 Ultrasonic testing8.10 Surface defects and repairs8.11 Adhesion defects in the cladding and repairs

9 Steels with specified through thickness properties 619.1 Scope9.2 Steel grades9.3 Manufacture9.4 Chemical composition9.5 Mechanical properties9.6 Mechanical tests9.7 Test preparation9.8 Test results9.9 Re-test9.10 Ultrasonic testing9.11 Marking

Section 2 Steel Pipes, Tubes and Fittings

1 General 641.1 Application1.2 Manufacture1.3 Approval1.4 Quality of materials 1.5 Visual, dimensional and non-destructive examinations 1.6 Rectification of surface defects6 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

1.7 Condition of supply 1.8 Hydrostatic test1.9 Sampling and testing1.10 Identification and marking1.11 Documentation and certification

2 Pipes for pressure systems operating at ambient temperature 662.1 Application2.2 Steel grades2.3 Condition of supply2.4 Chemical composition 2.5 Mechanical properties2.6 Mechanical and technological tests

3 Pipes for structural applications 683.1 Application3.2 Steel grades3.3 Mechanical and technological tests3.4 Non-destructive examination

4 Pipes for high temperature service 694.1 Application4.2 Steel grades4.3 Condition of supply 4.4 Chemical composition 4.5 Mechanical properties4.6 Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures4.7 Mechanical and technological tests

5 Ferritic steel pipes for pressure service at low temperature 715.1 Application5.2 Steel grades5.3 Condition of supply5.4 Chemical composition 5.5 Mechanical properties5.6 Mechanical and technological tests

6 Austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel pipes 736.1 Application6.2 Steel grades6.3 Condition of supply6.4 Chemical composition 6.5 Mechanical properties6.6 Mechanical and technological tests6.7 Corrosion tests

7 Fittings 747.1 Application7.2 Steel grades and relevant properties7.3 Condition of supply7.4 Mechanical properties 7.5 Mechanical and technological tests 7.6 Non-destructive examination 7.7 Marking and certification February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 7

Section 3 Steel Forgings 1 General 75

1.1 Scope1.2 Classification of forgings1.3 Manufacture1.4 Approval 1.5 Quality of materials 1.6 Chemical composition1.7 Heat treatment (including surface hardening and straightening) 1.8 Mechanical tests1.9 Pressure test1.10 Visual and dimensional examination 1.11 Non-destructive examination 1.12 Rectification of defects1.13 Identification and marking1.14 Documentation and certification

2 Forgings for hull, offshore structures and welded components in general 792.1 Scope2.2 Steel grades2.3 Condition of supply2.4 Chemical composition 2.5 Mechanical properties2.6 Mechanical tests 2.7 Non-destructive examination

3 Forgings for machinery, shafts and non-welded components in general 813.1 Scope3.2 Steel grades3.3 Condition of supply3.4 Chemical composition 3.5 Mechanical properties3.6 Mechanical tests 3.7 Non-destructive examination

4 Forgings for crankshafts 834.1 Scope4.2 Steel grades4.3 Manufacture4.4 Condition of supply4.5 Chemical and mechanical properties4.6 Mechanical tests4.7 Non-destructive examination

5 Forgings for gearing 845.1 Scope5.2 Steel grades5.3 Manufacture5.4 Condition of supply5.5 Chemical and mechanical properties5.6 Mechanical tests for normalised and tempered or quenched and tempered

forgings5.7 Mechanical tests for surface-hardened forgings5.8 Non-destructive examination8 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

6 Forgings for turbines 866.1 Scope 6.2 Steel grades, chemical composition and mechanical properties 6.3 Condition of supply6.4 Mechanical tests 6.5 Non-destructive examination6.6 Thermal stability test

7 Forgings for boilers, pressure vessels and systems 887.1 Scope7.2 Steel grades7.3 Condition of supply7.4 Chemical composition 7.5 Mechanical properties7.6 Mechanical properties at elevated temperature 7.7 Mechanical tests7.8 Non-destructive examination

8 Ferritic steel forgings for low temperature service 918.1 Scope8.2 Steel grades and relevant properties 8.3 Condition of supply8.4 Mechanical tests8.5 Non-destructive examination

9 Stainless steel forgings 919.1 Scope9.2 Steel grades and relevant properties 9.3 Mechanical tests9.4 Non-destructive examination 9.5 Corrosion tests

Section 4 Steel Castings 1 General 93

1.1 Scope1.2 Classification of castings1.3 Manufacture1.4 Approval 1.5 Quality of materials 1.6 Chemical composition 1.7 Heat treatment1.8 Mechanical tests 1.9 Pressure test1.10 Visual and dimensional examination1.11 Non-destructive examination1.12 Repair by grinding1.13 Repair by welding1.14 Identification and marking1.15 Documentation and certification

2 Castings for hull, offshore structures and welded components in general 962.1 Scope2.2 Steel grades2.3 Chemical composition February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 9

2.4 Heat treatment2.5 Mechanical properties2.6 Mechanical tests2.7 Non-destructive examination

3 Castings for machinery and non-welded components in general 983.1 Scope3.2 Steel grades3.3 Chemical composition 3.4 Heat treatment3.5 Mechanical properties3.6 Mechanical tests3.7 Non-destructive examination

4 Castings for crankshafts 994.1 Scope4.2 Steel grades4.3 Manufacture4.4 Chemical composition 4.5 Heat treatment4.6 Mechanical properties 4.7 Mechanical tests4.8 Non-destructive examinations

5 Castings for boilers, pressure vessels and systems 995.1 Scope5.2 Steel grades5.3 Chemical composition 5.4 Heat treatment5.5 Mechanical properties 5.6 Mechanical properties at elevated temperature5.7 Mechanical tests5.8 Non-destructive examination

6 Ferritic steel castings for low temperature service 1016.1 Scope6.2 Steel grades 6.3 Chemical composition 6.4 Heat treatment6.5 Mechanical properties 6.6 Mechanical tests6.7 Non-destructive examination

7 Stainless steel castings 1027.1 Scope7.2 Steel grades 7.3 Chemical composition 7.4 Heat treatment7.5 Mechanical properties 7.6 Mechanical tests7.7 Non-destructive examination7.8 Corrosion tests

8 Stainless steel castings for propellers 1038.1 Scope8.2 Chemical composition8.3 Heat treatment8.4 Mechanical properties10 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

8.5 Mechanical tests8.6 Visual and dimensional examination8.7 Definition of skew, severity zones8.8 Dye penetrant examination8.9 Radiographic and ultrasonic examination8.10 Repair of defects8.11 Weld repair8.12 Identification and marking

Section 5 Iron Castings1 General 107

1.1 Scope1.2 Casting designation1.3 Manufacture1.4 Quality of castings1.5 Visual, dimensional and non-destructive examination1.6 Repair of defects1.7 Chemical composition1.8 Condition of supply1.9 Sampling and testing1.10 Identification and marking1.11 Documentation and certification

2 Grey iron castings 1082.1 Scope2.2 Mechanical tests2.3 Mechanical properties

3 Spheroidal or nodular graphite iron castings 1093.1 Scope3.2 Manufacture and condition of supply3.3 Mechanical tests3.4 Mechanical properties3.5 Metallographic examination3.6 Non-destructive examination February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 11

CHAPTER 3NON FERROUS ALLOY PRODUCTS

Section 1 Copper and Copper Alloys1 General 115

1.1 Scope1.2 Manufacture1.3 Testing1.4 Documentation and certification

2 Copper alloy castings 1152.1 Scope2.2 Manufacture2.3 Condition of supply2.4 Chemical composition2.5 Mechanical properties2.6 Mechanical tests2.7 Visual and non-destructive examination2.8 Rectification of defective castings2.9 Identification and marking

3 Cast copper alloy propellers and propellers blades 1173.1 Scope3.2 Manufacture3.3 Quality of castings3.4 Condition of supply3.5 Chemical composition3.6 Mechanical properties3.7 Sampling and testing3.8 Visual and dimensional examination3.9 Definition of skew, severity zones3.10 Dye penetrant examination3.11 Radiographic and ultrasonic examination3.12 Repair of defects3.13 Weld repair3.14 Straightening3.15 Identification and marking

4 Copper alloy pipes 1234.1 Scope4.2 Condition of supply4.3 Chemical composition4.4 Mechanical properties4.5 Mechanical tests4.6 Stress corrosion cracking test4.7 Hydrostatic test - Eddy current test4.8 Visual and non-destructive examination4.9 Rectification of defects4.10 Identification and marking12 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

Section 2 Aluminium Alloys1 General 126

1.1 Scope1.2 Manufacture

2 Wrought aluminium alloy products (plates, bars, sections and tubes) 1262.1 Scope2.2 Approval2.3 Aluminium grades and their temper conditions2.4 Chemical composition2.5 Mechanical properties2.6 Repairs2.7 Tolerances on dimensions2.8 Tests and examinations2.9 Tensile test2.10 Drift expansion tests2.11 Corrosion tests2.12 Re-test procedures2.13 Hydrostatic test

3 Rivets 1313.1 Application3.2 Chemical composition and heat treatment3.3 Heat treatment3.4 Test material3.5 Mechanical tests3.6 Identification3.7 Certification

4 Transition joints 1324.1 General4.2 Manufacture4.3 Visual and non-destructive examination4.4 Inspection

5 Aluminium alloy castings 1325.1 General5.2 Aluminium grades5.3 Manufacture5.4 Chemical composition5.5 Mechanical properties5.6 Mechanical testsFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 13

CHAPTER 4MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS

Section 1 Equipment for Mooring and Anchoring1 Anchors 137

1.1 Scope1.2 Design1.3 Materials1.4 Manufacture1.5 Tests and examination 1.6 Identification, marking and certification

2 Stud link chain cables and accessories 1412.1 Scope 2.2 Chain cable grades2.3 Approval of chain cable manufacturers2.4 Rolled steel bars2.5 Forged steels2.6 Cast steels2.7 Materials for studs2.8 Design and manufacture of chain cables and accessories2.9 Testing of finished chain cables2.10 Testing of accessories

3 Studless chain cables 1493.1 Scope3.2 Materials for studless chain cables3.3 Testing of finished chain cables

4 Steel wire ropes 1514.1 Scope4.2 Manufacture4.3 Types of ropes4.4 Sampling and testing4.5 Identification marking and certification

5 Fibre ropes 1605.1 Scope5.2 General5.3 Sampling and testing5.4 Marking

Section 2 Offshore Mooring Chain Cables and Accessories1 General requirements 162

1.1 Scope1.2 Chain grades1.3 Approval of chain manufacturers1.4 Approval of quality system at chain and accessory manufacturers1.5 Approval of steel mills - Rolled bar1.6 Approval of forges and foundries - Accessories14 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

2 Materials 1642.1 Scope2.2 Rolled steel bars2.3 Forged steel2.4 Cast steel2.5 Materials for studs

3 Design and chain manufacture 1673.1 Design3.2 Chain cable manufacturing process

4 Testing and inspection of finished chain 1694.1 General4.2 Proof and break load tests4.3 Dimensions and dimensional tolerances4.4 Mechanical tests4.5 Non-destructive examination4.6 Retest, rejection and repair criteria4.7 Marking4.8 Documentation

5 Testing and inspection of accessories 1725.1 General5.2 Proof and break load tests5.3 Dimensions and tolerances on dimensions5.4 Mechanical tests5.5 Non-destructive examination5.6 Test failures5.7 Marking5.8 Documentation

6 Chafing chain for single point mooring arrangements 1736.1 Scope6.2 Approval of manufacturing6.3 Materials6.4 Design, manufacturing, testing and certification

Section 3 Others1 Side scuttles, windows and their glass panes 174

1.1 Scope1.2 Manufacture1.3 Inspections and tests1.4 Identification and marking

2 Pressure bottles 1762.1 Scope2.2 Manufacture2.3 Inspection and tests2.4 Identification, marking and certification February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 15

CHAPTER 5WELDING

Section 1 General Requirements

1 Scope 1811.1 General

2 Fabrication by welding 1812.1 General2.2 Approval 2.3 Type of joints, edge preparations and size 2.4 Welding execution and control

Section 2 Approval of Welding Consumables

1 General 1821.1 Scope1.2 Grading and designation1.3 Approval procedure1.4 Preparation and welding of test assemblies1.5 Mechanical tests 1.6 Test samples for checking the chemical composition of deposited weld metal1.7 Re-test procedures

2 Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of C and C-Mn steels 1862.1 Scope2.2 Approval tests2.3 Tests for checking the mechanical properties 2.4 Tests for checking the hydrogen content 2.5 Fillet weld test assemblies2.6 Annual control tests

3 Covered electrodes for gravity or contact welding 1903.1 Scope3.2 Approval tests3.3 Annual control tests

4 Covered electrodes for deep penetration manual welding of C and C-Mn steels 1914.1 Scope 4.2 Approval tests4.3 Annual control tests

5 Flux-wire combination for submerged arc welding of C and C-Mn steels 1925.1 Scope5.2 Approval tests5.3 Annual control tests16 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

6 Flux-wire combinations for one side submerged arc welding of butt-joints of C and C-Mn steels 1976.1 Scope6.2 Designation6.3 Approval tests

7 Wires and wire-gas combination for semiautomatic welding of C andC-Mn steels 1987.1 Scope7.2 Type of wires7.3 Shielding gases7.4 Designation7.5 Information and documentation to be submitted7.6 Approval tests 7.7 Annual control tests

8 Wires and wire-gas combinations for automatic welding of C and C-Mn steels 2018.1 Scope8.2 Designation8.3 Approval tests8.4 Annual control tests

9 Consumables for welding C and C-Mn steels with electrogas orelectroslag process 2039.1 Scope9.2 Information and documentation to be submitted9.3 Approval tests9.4 Annual control tests

10 Consumables for welding high strength quenched and tempered steels 20510.1 Scope10.2 Approval tests10.3 Test requirements10.4 Annual control tests

11 Consumables for welding Mo andCr-Mo steels 20611.1 Scope11.2 Approval tests11.3 Test requirements11.4 Annual control tests

12 Consumables for welding Ni steels for low temperature applications 20712.1 Scope12.2 Approval tests12.3 Tests requirements12.4 Annual control tests

13 Consumables for welding Cr-Ni austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels 20913.1 Scope13.2 Approval tests13.3 Test requirements13.4 Annual control testsFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 17

14 Consumables for welding aluminium alloys 21114.1 Scope14.2 Approval tests14.3 Test requirements14.4 Annual control tests

Section 3 Approval of Over Weldable Shop Primers1 Scope 214

1.1 General

2 Information and documentation to be submitted 2142.1 General

3 Approval tests 2143.1 Base material3.2 Filler metal3.3 Type and dimension of test samples3.4 Number of samples required 3.5 Preparation of test samples3.6 Test requirements3.7 Re-tests

4 Certification and validity 2154.1 Certification4.2 Validity

Section 4 Approval of Welding Procedures1 General 216

1.1 Scope1.2 Welding procedure

2 Welding procedure qualification tests for C and C-Mn steels for ship hull and other welded structures in general 2172.1 Plates butt weld with full penetration 2.2 T butt joints in plates2.3 Plates fillet weld 2.4 Pipes butt weld with full penetration 2.5 Re-testing2.6 Range of approval

3 Welding procedures for offshore structures and equipment 2283.1 General

4 Welding procedures for Cr-Ni austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels for application with chemicals 2284.1 General

5 Welding procedures for high strength quenched and tempered steels 2285.1 General18 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

6 Approval of welding procedures for aluminium alloys 2296.1 Plates butt weld 6.2 Plates fillet weld6.3 Pipes butt weld with full penetration6.4 Re-testing6.5 Range of approval

7 Approval of welding procedures for copper alloys 2337.1 Pipes butt weld7.2 Re-testing7.3 Range of approval

Section 5 Approval of CO2 Laser Welding Procedures1 General 234

1.1 Application1.2 General requirements1.3 Welding procedure specification1.4 Parent metal1.5 Welding consumables

2 Approval of welding procedure 2342.1 General 2.2 Assembly and welding

3 Non-destructive examinations 2353.1 General

4 Plates butt welds 2354.1 Assembly4.2 Examinations and tests4.3 Tensile tests4.4 Bend tests4.5 Impact tests4.6 Hardness measurements4.7 Metallographic examination

5 T joint weld procedure test 2375.1 Assembly5.2 Examinations and tests

6 Re-testing 2386.1 Non-destructive and destructive tests

7 Range of approval 2387.1 Parent metal7.2 Thickness7.3 Edge preparation and surface condition7.4 Joint type, bevel 7.5 Welding machine7.6 Welding parametersFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 19

20 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216

Chapter 1

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 1 MANUFACTURE, INSPECTION, CERTIFICATION

SECTION 2 TESTING PROCEDURES FOR MATERIALSFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 21

22 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 1SECTION 1 MANUFACTURE, INSPECTION, CERTIFICATION

1 General

1.1 Scope

1.1.1 Chapter 2 to Chapter 4 of these Rules specify therequirements for the manufacture, inspection and certifica-tion of steel and iron products, non-ferrous metals, variousfinished products and equipment such as propellers, pres-sure bottles, anchors, chain cables, ropes and sidescuttles,entering in the construction or repair of Units which are sur-veyed for classification purposes.

The general requirements relevant to the manufacture,inspection and certification of the above-mentioned materi-als and products, hereafter generally referred to as prod-ucts, are given in this Chapter and are to be complied withas applicable.

The requirements Chapter 1 are also applicable, as appro-priate, to products covered by other relevant SocietysRules.

Chapter 5 specifies the requirements for approval of weld-ing consumables and qualification of welding procedures.

1.1.2 In addition to these Rules, the requirements given forcertain materials, procedures and products in the other rele-vant Societys Rules or specified by the Society on thereviewed drawings, are also applicable, where appropriate.

1.1.3 Products subject to the requirements of these Rulesand the relevant testing operations are those laid down inthe relevant Rules of the Society dealing with the design,survey at works and testing of products, unless otherwisespecified.

1.1.4 Products with properties departing appreciably fromthose covered by these Rules and other relevant SocietysRules may be used with the approval of the Society

1.2 Other specifications

1.2.1 Products complying with international, national orproprietary specifications may be accepted by the Society,provided such specifications give reasonable equivalence tothe requirements of these Rules and other relevant SocietysRules or are approved for a specific application.

Such products, when accepted, are designated by their stan-dard identification mark or as agreed at the time of theapproval.

Unless otherwise agreed, survey and certification of prod-ucts complying with other specifications are to be carriedout in accordance with the requirements of these Rules andother relevant Societys Rules.

1.3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser

1.3.1 The purchaser is to provide the Manufacturer with theinformation necessary to ensure that products are tested inaccordance with these Rules and other relevant SocietysRules; optional or additional conditions are also to beclearly indicated.

2 Manufacture and quality

2.1 General 2.1.1 Manufacture Manufacturers and their individual works are to be recogn-ised by the Society for the type of products fabricated on acase-by-case basis or through recognition scheme given bythe Society in a separate document.

To this end plants, production and treatment procedures,testing machines, laboratories for analyses, internal controlsystems and personnel qualification are to be suitable in theopinion of the Society.

Manufacturing procedures and techniques are to be such asto reasonably ensure constant compliance of the productwith the requirements.

Where tests and analyses are performed by external labora-tories or third parties, these are to be recognised by theSociety on a case-by-case basis or through recognitionscheme given by the Society in a separate document.

2.1.2 Approval Depending on the type and importance of the productsbeing supplied, the relevant manufacturing process may berequired to be approved and approval tests performed forthe purpose.

When approval of the manufacturing process is required,such condition is specified in the rule requirements relevantto the various products.

The provisions for the approval of Manufacturers are givenin the document NR480 Approval of the manufacturingprocess of metallic materials.

2.1.3 ResponsibilityIrrespective of the interventions of Surveyors, the Manufac-turer is entirely and solely responsible for compliance of thesupplied products with the stipulated requirements.

The Society assumes no liability by its interventions inrespect of the compliance of a tested product with the stipu-lated regulations and requirements.

Where, in the course of manufacture or after supply, a prod-uct is found not to be in compliance with the requirementsor to present unacceptable defects, it will be rejected, irre-spective of any previous satisfactory test results. February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 23

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 12.2 Chemical composition

2.2.1 The chemical composition is to be determined andcertified, as a rule, by the Manufacturer using ladle sam-pling analysis. The laboratory is to be adequately equippedand the analyses are to be performed by qualified person-nel.

2.2.2 The analyses of the Manufacturer are generallyaccepted subject to occasional checks, if required by theSurveyor. When checks on the product are required, theyare to be performed and the results evaluated in accordancewith recognised standards.

2.3 Condition of supply

2.3.1 Unless otherwise agreed, the products are to be sup-plied in the finished condition as per rules, including heattreatment if required.

Heat treatment is to be carried out in suitable and efficientfurnaces, fitted with appropriate means for temperaturecontrol and recording. Sufficient thermocouples are to beconnected to the furnace charge to measure and record thatits temperature is adequately uniform unless the tempera-ture uniformity of the furnace is verified at regular intervals.The manufacturer is to maintain records of heat treatmentidentifying the furnace used, furnace charge, date, tempera-ture and time at temperature. The records are to be pre-sented to the surveyor on request.

The furnaces employed are to have a size sufficient to allowa uniform increase in temperature up to the required valueof the entire part to be heat treated. In the case of very largeparts, alternative systems proposed are to be agreed by theSociety.

2.4 Identification of products

2.4.1 In the course of manufacturing, inspection and test-ing, the identification of the various products in respect oftheir origin is to be ensured as required.

To this end the Surveyor is to be given all facilities for trac-ing the products when required.

3 Inspection and testing

3.1 General conditions

3.1.1 As far as practicable the inspections and tests are tobe carried out at the Manufacturers works before delivery.

If the necessary facilities are not available at the Manufac-turers works, the testing is to be carried out at a testing lab-oratory agreed with the Society.

3.1.2 Where the testing is allowed to be carried out orcompleted at works other than the Manufacturers it is inany case to be possible to trace back with certainty to thedocumentation of the origin.

3.1.3 Interested parties are to apply for survey in adequatetime.

Prior to the inspection and testing, the Manufacturer is toprovide the Surveyor with details of the orders, technicalspecifications and any special condition additional to therule requirements.

3.1.4 The Surveyors are to have free access to all depart-ments involved in production, collection of test samples,internal control and, in general, all operations concerningthe inspection.

They are to be supplied with the information necessary toassess whether production and tests are performed accord-ing to the rule requirements.

3.1.5 All tests and checks required by the Rules are to becarried out in the presence of the Surveyors or, whenexpressly agreed with the Society, in the presence of theperson responsible for internal control, specially delegatedfor this purpose.

The inspection and testing activities may be delegated to theManufacturer under the conditions given in [3.2].

3.1.6 The tests required are to be performed by qualifiedpersonnel in accordance with the procedures stated by theSociety or, failing this, with recognised national or interna-tional standards.

The testing and measuring equipment is to be adequate,maintained in proper condition and regularly calibrated, asrequired; the record of such checks is to be kept up-to-dateand made available to the Surveyor.

3.2 Alternative survey scheme

3.2.1 Alternative procedures to the systematic interventionof the Surveyor for testing may be adopted by Manufactur-ers specially recognised by the Society for the purpose.

Such alternative survey schemes, which are determined bytaking into account the type of product, its mass productionand the effectiveness of the certified Quality System imple-mented in the workshop, allow the testing operations indi-cated in these Rules and other relevant Societys Rules to betotally or partially carried out by the Manufacturer withoutthe presence of the Surveyor.

Indications on the field of application of such schemes,along with conditions and procedures for their recognition,are given by the Society in a separate document.

3.3 Sampling for mechanical tests

3.3.1 The test samples are to be selected by the Surveyor orby a responsible person from the Manufacturer's staff, spe-cially delegated, and are to be suitably marked for identifi-cation purposes.

3.3.2 The test samples are to be representative of the unit orlot of material which they are relevant to and are thereforealso to have been subjected to the same heat treatment asthe products except when a different procedure is agreedwith the Society.24 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 13.3.3 For the purpose of test sampling the following defini-tions apply:

a) unit: single forging, casting, plate, tube or other singleproduct

b) rolled unit: product rolled from the same slab or billetor, when rolling proceeds directly from ingots, from thesame ingot

c) batch: number of similar units or rolled units presentedas a group for acceptance testing, on the basis of thetests to be carried out on the test sample

d) sample: a sufficient quantity of material taken from theunit, rolled unit or batch, for the purpose of producingone or more test specimens

e) test specimens: part of sample with specified dimen-sions and conditions for submission to a given test.

3.4 Mechanical tests

3.4.1 The mechanical tests are to be carried out in the pres-ence of the Surveyor unless otherwise agreed; see [3.2].

3.4.2 For the check of the mechanical properties of thematerial, test methods and specimens in compliance withthe requirements of Sec 2 are to be used.

3.4.3 The type of tests, the number and direction of the testspecimens and the results of the tests are to comply with therequirements relevant to the type of product, as indicated inthe various Articles.

3.5 Re-test procedures

3.5.1 GeneralWhere the unsuccessful outcome of any test is attributableto defective machining of the test specimen and/or toimproper test procedure, the negative result is disregardedand the test repeated, in correct conditions, on a substitutetest specimen.

3.5.2 Rejection or reconsiderationWhere unsatisfactory results are obtained from re-tests rep-resentative of one lot of material, the unit from which thetest specimens are taken is rejected.

The remainder of the lot may, at the discretion of the Sur-veyor, be reconsidered by performing the required tests onat least two different units; for acceptance, both the resultsof the new tests are to satisfy the requirements.

Otherwise, upon agreement with the Surveyor, the individ-ual units composing the lot may be tested individually andthose found satisfactory may be accepted.

The Manufacturer may resubmit for testing previouslyrejected material, after a suitable heat treatment or reheattreatment, or resubmit it under a different grade.

The Surveyor is to be notified of such circumstances.

Unless otherwise agreed by the Surveyor, only one newheat treatment is permitted for material which has alreadybeen heat treated.

3.6 Visual, dimensional and non-destructive examinations

3.6.1 GeneralThe products are to be subjected to:

a) visual examination

b) dimensional check

c) non-destructive examination, when applicable.

The above operations are to be carried out on products inappropriate conditions under the responsibility of the Man-ufacturer and are to be witnessed or repeated in the pres-ence of the Surveyor when required by the Rules or, in anycase, on his request.

When, following examinations and tests, there are groundsfor thinking a product may be defective, the Manufacturer isobliged, for the purpose of acceptance, to demonstrate itssuitability using procedures deemed necessary.

3.6.2 Visual examinationVisual examination, unless otherwise specified, is per-formed by the Surveyor on each unit, for products tested onindividual units and, randomly or on the units submitted tomechanical tests, for products tested by lot.

3.6.3 Dimensional checkThe dimensional checks and verification of compliancewith approved plans are the responsibility of the manufac-turer. Some checks are to be made in presence of the Sur-veyor, as deemed necessary, solely for those parts subject toapproval, or where expressly required in these Rules orother parts of the relevant Societys Rules.

3.6.4 Non-destructive examinationNon-destructive examination is to be performed by skilledand qualified personnel, using calibrated equipment of suit-able type and according to approved procedures, recogn-ised standards and the requirements of the Society.

The Manufacturers laboratory or other organisation respon-sible for the non-destructive examination is required toissue, on its own responsibility, a certificate illustrating theresults and, where requested, an opinion concerning theacceptability of the product; in the latter case, the certificateis to be countersigned by the Manufacturer.

For the radiographic test suitable means are to be providedin order to identify the zones examined and the relevantradiographic films.

The various steps of the examinations are to be witnessedby the Surveyor when required.

3.7 Repairs of defects

3.7.1 Small surface defects may be suitably removed bygrinding or other appropriate means, provided that thedimensional tolerances, prescribed for the various productsin the relevant Articles, are complied with.

The repaired zone is to be found free from defects and to beacceptable in the opinion of the Surveyor.February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 25

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 13.7.2 Repairs by welding may be accepted only where thisis not in contrast with the requirements applicable to theproduct, and provided that they are deemed suitable inconnection with the material, extent of defects and weldingprocedure.

The repair procedure is to be previously agreed upon withthe Surveyor.

4 Identification and certification

4.1 Identification and marking

4.1.1 General During the inspection, a detailed record of the products tobe tested is to be submitted to the Surveyor with indicationof the necessary data, as applicable:

a) name of purchaser and order number

b) hull number or destination

c) number, size and mass of parts or batches

d) cast number and chemical composition

e) part reference number, detail of manufacturing processand heat treatment

f) condition of supply.

4.1.2 Manufacturers marking Products, which have satisfactorily undergone the requiredinspection and tests are to be appropriately marked by theManufacturer in at least one easily accessible location.

The marking is to contain all necessary indications, as spec-ified in the Articles relevant to the various products, and isto correspond to the content of the inspection documenta-tion.

The marks are to be stamped, as a rule, by means of brands,except when products could be impaired by such a system.When paints or other reliable alternatives are adopted, ade-quate duration of marking is to be ensured.

For small pieces contained in effective containers, as wellas bars and sections of modest weight, adequately bound inbundles, the marks are transferred to the container, label ortop item of each bundle to the Surveyors satisfaction.

4.1.3 Marking with the Societys brand The products satisfactorily inspected in accordance with theRules and other relevant Societys Rules are to be markedwith the Societys brand \ in the presence of the Surveyorunless otherwise agreed between Manufacturer and Sur-veyor.

All other additional marks required are specified in theapplicable Articles depending on the products (e.g. name orinitials of Manufacturer, material, grade and cast number,code for calendar year, running file number and code of thelocal office inspection, Surveyors personal brand, test pres-sure as statement of hydrostatic test).

4.1.4 Society marking for incomplete surveyWhenever a product is despatched for delivery or is to bemarked without undergoing all the inspections and testsrequired (whether by the provisions of these Rules or thoseof other relevant Societys Rules), the Societys brand \ willbe replaced by the Societys mark ] for incomplete survey.

The testing documents are to contain clear indications of alloutstanding inspections and tests and specify the reasonwhy they have not been performed.

Upon satisfactory completion of all required tests, the prod-uct is to be stamped with the Societys brand \.

4.1.5 Invalidation of Societys brand When a product already marked with one of the Societysstamps is found during or subsequent to the testing not to bein compliance with the requirements and is thereforerejected, the previously stamped marks are to be invali-dated by punching them.

The Surveyors may request to check the invalidationeffected.

Any repairs after the product is tested are subject to theprior consent of the Society; failing this, the validity of theoriginal testing will automatically expire and the originaltesting marks are to be invalidated by the interested parties.

4.1.6 Societys brand for alternative survey schemeIn the case of admission to an alternative survey scheme,the marking with the Societys brand may be delegated tothe Manufacturer, who will be supplied with the specialbrand @ to be used for this purpose.

4.2 Documentation and certification

4.2.1 Societys certificate For products tested with satisfactory results, the Societyissues a certificate signed by the Surveyor stating that theproducts have been tested in accordance with the SocietysRules.

This certificate is identified by the letter C for ease of refer-ence in the various relevant Societys Rules.

A certificate issued by the Manufacturer is to be attached tothe Societys certificate and is to include, as applicable, thefollowing particulars:

a) Manufacturers name

b) purchasers name, order number and hull number

c) description of the product, dimensions and weight

d) results of all specified inspections and tests

e) identification and testing marks stamped on the prod-ucts.

In the case of testing of materials, the following particularsare also to be included:

a) identification of specification or grade of material

b) identification of the heat and relevant chemical analysis26 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 1c) supply condition and details of heat treatment, includ-ing temperatures and holding times

d) working and manufacturing procedure (for rolled prod-ucts intended for hull, boilers and pressure vessels only)

e) declaration that the material has been made by anapproved process, as applicable, and that it has beensubjected to the tests required by the Rules with satisfac-tory results.

By agreement with the Society, the certificate issued by theManufacturer may be directly confirmed by endorsementwith the Societys brand and the signature of the Surveyor.

For products manufactured in large quantities and tested byheats or by lot, the Manufacturer is to further state, for theindividual supplies, that the products have been producedaccording to the Societys Rules.

4.2.2 Societys certificate for alternative survey scheme

For products covered by the alternative survey scheme,unless otherwise stated in the admission to the alternativesurvey scheme, the Manufacturer is to issue a Certificate ofConformity on the appropriate Society form.

This certificate is identified by the letter CA (certificate foralternative survey) for ease of reference in the various Soci-etys Rules.

The certificate issued by the Manufacturer and including allthe information required in [4.2.1] is to be attached to the(CA) certificate.

The certificate is to be submitted to the Society for endorse-ment according to the procedures stated in the agreementfor the alternative survey scheme.

4.2.3 Works certificates

For products which in accordance with the relevant rulesmay be accepted only on the basis of a certificate of confor-mity issued by the Manufacturer, stating the results of thetests performed, such certificate is to contain the informa-tion required under [4.2.1], as applicable.

This certificate of conformity is identified by the letter W(works certificate) for ease of reference in the various partsof the Rules.

For particular products it may be accepted that the tests orinspections are carried out by the Manufacturer not on theproduct supplied, but on the current production.

This particular certificate of conformity is identified by theletter R (report) for ease of reference in the various SocietysRules.February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 27

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 2SECTION 2 TESTING PROCEDURES FOR MATERIALS

1 General

1.1 Scope

1.1.1 This Section gives the requirements for testing proce-dures, testing machines and test specimens for mechanicaland technological tests of materials.

Alternative testing procedures and test specimens such asthose complying with recognised standards may beaccepted by agreement with the Society.

The tests to be performed and the results to be obtained aregiven in the articles of the Rules dealing with each product.

The general conditions given in Sec 1 also apply.

1.2 Testing machines

1.2.1 Testing machines are to be maintained in satisfactorycondition and recalibrated at approximately annual inter-vals for adequate reliability, accuracy and sensitivity. Thiscalibration is to be traced to a nationally recognised author-ity and is to be to the satisfaction of the Society. The recordsof the calibration are to be made available to the Surveyor,kept in the test laboratory and copies provided on request.

1.2.2 Tension/compression testing machines are to be cali-brated in accordance with ISO 7500-1 or other recognisedstandard.

The accuracy of tensile test machines is to be within plus orminus one percent.

1.2.3 Charpy impact testing machines are to have a strikingenergy of not less than 150J and are to be calibrated inaccordance with ISO 148-2 or other recognised standard.

1.3 Preparation of test specimens

1.3.1 The samples for test specimens are to be in the samecondition as the product from which they have been takenand therefore in the same heat treatment condition, if any.

1.3.2 If the test samples are cut from products by flame cut-ting or shearing, a reasonable margin is required to enablesufficient material to be removed from cut or sheared edgesduring final machining.

Test specimens are to be prepared in such a way that theyare not subjected to any significant straining or heatingwhich might alter the properties of the material.

2 Tensile test

2.1 Tensile test specimens

2.1.1 GeneralTest specimens of proportional type should preferably beused as the values of minimum percentage elongation afterfracture specified in the Rules refer to the gauge length L0 ofthese test specimens calculated by the following formula:

This gauge length L0 should preferably be greater than20 mm. The gauge length may be rounded off to the nearest5 mm provided that the difference between this length andL0 is less than 10% of L0.

2.1.2 Proportional flat test specimenFor plates, strips and sections, proportional flat test speci-mens are usually used, with dimensions as shown in Fig 1.

For such products the tensile test specimens are to retain theoriginal raw surfaces of the product.

When the capacity of the testing machine is insufficient toallow the use of test specimens of full thickness, this may bereduced by machining one of the raw surfaces.

Figure 1 : Proportional flat specimen

t : Thickness of the plate, strip or section, in mm

b, R : Both equal to 25 mm

L0 : Original gauge length, in mm, equal to:

So : Original specimen cross-section, in mm2

LC : Parallel test length, in mm, equal to:

2.1.3 Non-proportional flat test specimenAlternatively to the proportional flat test specimen, non-pro-portional flat test specimen having original gauge length of200 mm and other dimensions as shown in Fig 2, may beused for plates, strips and sections.

L0 5 65 So,=

btR

Cross-section So

L0 gauge length

LC parallel test length

L0 5 65 So,=

LC L0 2 So+=28 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 2Figure 2 : Non proportional flat specimen

t : Thickness of the plate, strip or section, in mm

b, R : Both equal to 25 mm

L0 : Original gauge length, in mm

LC : Parallel test length, in mm.

2.1.4 Round proportional test specimenAlternatively to the flat test specimen for plates, strips orsections equal to or greater than 40 mm thick, proportionalround test specimen, machined to the dimensions shown inFig 3, may be used.

Round proportional test specimen is used for rolled prod-ucts in aluminium alloy with thickness higher than12,5mm.

For rolled bars, forgings and castings, grey cast ironexcluded, round proportional test specimen are usually tobe used.

Figure 3 : Round proportional specimen

d : From 10 to 20 mm, preferably taken equal to 14 mm

L0 : Original gauge length, in mm, equal to 5 d

LC : Parallel test length, in mm, such as LC L0 + d / 2

R : 10 mm (for nodular cast iron and materials with aspecified elongation less than 10%, R 1.5d)

2.1.5 Round test specimen positionFor plates, strips and sections with thickness equal to orgreater than 40 mm, the longitudinal axis of the round testspecimen is to be located at a distance from one of the sur-faces equal to one quarter of the thickness.

For rolled products in aluminium alloy with thickness up toand including 40mm, the longitudinal axis of the round testspecimen is to be located at mid-thickness. For thicknessesover 40mm, the longitudinal axis of the test specimen is tobe located at a distance from one of the surfaces equal toone quarter of the thickness.

For bars and similar products, the longitudinal axis of theround test specimen is to be located at one third of theradius from the outside.

2.1.6 Through thickness tensile test specimenRound test specimen including built-up type by welding areto be prepared in accordance with a recognised standard.

2.1.7 Test specimen for grey cast ironFor grey cast iron, the test specimen as shown in Fig 4 is tobe used.

Figure 4 : Specimen for grey cast iron

2.1.8 Test specimens for pipes and tubes For pipes and tubes, the test specimen may be a full cross-section of suitable length to be secured in the testingmachine with plugged ends, as shown in Fig 5.

Figure 5 : Full cross section specimen

The original gauge length L0 is to be equal to:

and the distance between the grips Lc is to be not less thanthe gauge length plus D, where D is the external diameter ofthe tube or pipe.

The length of the plugs projecting over the grips, in thedirection of the gauge marks, is not to exceed the externaldiameter D, and the shape of the plugs is not to impede theelongation of the gauge length.

Alternatively, test specimens as shown in Fig 6 and takenfrom the tube or pipe wall may be used, where:

LC = L0 + 2 b

: Wall thickness, in mm.

Figure 6 : Specimen taken from the tube or pipe wall

tR = 25 mm

L0 = 200 mm

LC 212,5 mm

b

Rd

L0 gauge length

LC parallel test length

R 25 mm

20 mm dia.

t

L0LC Drift

D

L0 5 65 So,=

L0 5 65 So,=

R 10 mm

b 12 mmL0

LC

So

February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 29

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 2The parallel test length is not to be flattened, but theenlarged ends may be flattened for gripping in the testingmachine.

The round proportional test specimen shown in Fig 3 maybe used provided that the wall thickness is sufficient toallow the machining of such test specimen with its axislocated at the mid-wall thickness.

2.1.9 Test specimen for wiresFor testing of wires, a full cross-section test specimen ofsuitable length is to be used.

The original gauge length is to be 200 mm and the paralleltest length (distance between the grips) is to be 250 mm.

2.1.10 Test specimen for deposited metal tensile testRound test specimen with the following dimensions is to beused:

d = 10 mm

L0 = 50 mm

LC 55 mm

R 10 mm

For specially small or large dimensions, other test speci-mens may be used after agreement with the Society, pro-vided they conform with the geometrical relationship givenin Fig 3.

2.1.11 Test specimen for butt weld transverse tensile test

Flat test specimen as shown in Fig 7 and with the followingdimensions is to be used:

t : Thickness of the welded plate, in mm

a = t

b : Equal to 12 mm for t 2 mm

25 mm for t > 2 mm

LC : Width of the weld + 60 mm

R > 25 mm.

The weld is to be machined (or ground) flush with the sur-face of the plate.

Figure 7 : Specimen for transverse tensile teston butt weld

2.1.12 Tolerances The tolerances on test specimen dimensions are to be inaccordance with ISO 6892-98 or other recognised stan-dards as appropriate.

2.2 Tensile test procedure

2.2.1 GeneralThe following characteristics, as required by the Rules foreach product, are to be determined by the test:ReH : Upper yield stress (yield point), in N/mm2 Rp0,2 - Rp0,5 - Rp1,0 : Proof stress (yield strength), in N/mm2

Rm : Tensile strength, in N/mm2 A : Percentage elongation after fracture Z : Percentage reduction of area.

2.2.2 Yield and proof stress determinationFor materials with well defined yield phenomenon, theupper yield stress ReH is the value of stress at the momentwhen the first decrease in force is measured by the testingmachine in the tensile tests at ambient temperature.

This applies, unless otherwise agreed, to products in carbonsteels, carbon-manganese steels and alloy steels, exceptaustenitic and duplex stainless steels.

When no well defined yield phenomenon exists, the type ofproof stress required by the applicable specification is to bedetermined.

In general for steels, the conventional proof stress to beassumed is the 0,2 per cent proof stress or the 0,5 per centproof stress, designated by the symbols Rp0,2 and Rp0,5,respectively, where 0,2 and 0,5 are the percentage of per-manent elongation.

For austenitic and duplex stainless steel products and rele-vant welding consumables, the 1,0 per cent proof stress,designated by the symbol Rp1,0 , may be determined in addi-tion to Rp0,2.

2.2.3 Test rate Within the elastic range, the test is to be carried out with astress rate within the following limits shown in Tab 1.

After reaching the yield or proof load, for ductile materialthe machine speed during the tensile test is not to exceedthat corresponding to a strain rate of 0,008 s1.

For brittle materials such as cast iron, the elastic stress rateis not to exceed 10 N/mm2 per second.

Table 1 : Stress rate within elastic range

2.2.4 Percentage elongation after fractureThe percentage elongation after fracture is usually deter-mined on a proportional gauge length L0. In that case, thepercentage elongation after fracture is noted A or A5.

L0 is calculated from the following formula:

where:So : Original cross-sectional area of the test speci-

men.

Modulus of elasticity E of the material (N/mm2)

Rate of stressing (N/mm2s1)

Min. Max.

< 150000 2 20

150000 6 60

L0 5 65 So,=30 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 2When using round proportional test specimens, L0 is equalto 5 diameters.

When a gauge length other than proportional gauge lengthL0 is used, the equivalent per cent elongation Ax required isobtained from the following formula:

where:

A5 : Minimum elongation, in per cent, required bythe Rules for the proportional test specimensillustrated in Fig 1, Fig 3 and Fig 6

S : Area, in mm2, of the original cross-section of theactual test specimen

L : Length, in mm, of the corresponding gaugelength actually used.

The above conversion formula may be used only for ferriticsteel of low or medium strength and not cold worked.

The extension of the formula to other applications, such ascold worked steels, austenitic steels or non-ferrous materi-als is to be agreed with the Society.

In the case of disagreement, the value of elongation com-puted on the proportional test specimen is to be taken.

The gauge length used to determine the percentage elonga-tion after fracture is to be indicated in the test reports.

For non-proportional test specimens with gauge length of50 mm and 200 mm, the equivalent elongation values indi-cated in ISO 2566 apply.

The elongation value is, in principle, valid only if the dis-tance between the fracture and the nearest gauge mark isnot less than one third of the original gauge length. How-ever the result is valid irrespective of the location of thefracture if the percentage elongation after fracture is equalto or greater than the expected value.

The fracture surfaces of test specimens after the tensile testis to be examined. The fracture surfaces are to be sound andfree from defects and irregularities.

2.2.5 Testing at high temperature Tensile tests at high temperature are to be performed at thespecified temperature in accordance with an appropriatenational or international standard in agreement with theSociety.

2.3 Tensile re-test procedure

2.3.1 When the tensile test fails to meet the requirements,two further tests may be made from the same piece. If bothof these additional tests are satisfactory the item and/orbatch (as applicable) is acceptable. If one or both of thesetests fail the item and/or batch is to be rejected.

The additional tests detailed above are to be taken, prefera-bly from material taken adjacent to the original tests, butalternatively from another test position or sample represen-tative of the item/batch.

3 Bend test

3.1 Flat bend test specimen

3.1.1 A flat bend test specimen as shown in Fig 8 is to beused.

The edges on the tension side are to be rounded to a radiusof 1 to 2 mm.

The length of the test specimen is to be at least 11 times thethickness or 9 times the thickness plus the mandrel diame-ter, whichever is the greater.

Figure 8 : Flat bend specimen

3.1.2 For castings, forgings, and semi-finished products, theother dimensions are to be as stated below:

thickness: t = 20 mm

width: w = 25 mm.

3.1.3 For plates, sheets, strips and sections the otherdimensions are to be as stated below:

thickness: t = thickness of the product

width: w = 30 mm.

If the as rolled thickness t is greater than 25 mm, it may bereduced to 25 mm by machining on the compression sideof the bend specimen.

3.1.4 For transverse face and root bend test on butt welds,the other dimensions are to be as follows:

thickness: t = thickness of welded plates

width: w = 30 mm.

If the thickness t is greater than 25 mm, it may be reducedto 25 mm by machining on the compression side of thebend specimen.

The surfaces of the weld are to be machined (ground) flushwith the surface of the plate.

3.1.5 For transverse side bend test on butt welds, the otherdimensions are to be as follows:

thickness: t = 10 mm

width: w = thickness of welded plates.

If the thickness of welded plates is equal or greater than40mm, the side bend test specimen may be subdivided,each part being at least 20mm wide.

3.1.6 The test specimens for longitudinal face and rootbend test on butt welds are to be in accordance with anappropriate recognised standard.

Ax 2A5S

L-------

0 4,

=

w

t

1 to 2 mm1 to 2 mmFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 31

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 23.2 Bend test procedure3.2.1 The bend test is to be performed, as a rule, by apply-ing a continuous mechanical compressive action on one ofthe surfaces of the test specimen.The required mandrel diameter and the minimum bendangle are specified in the Articles dealing with the variousproducts.

4 Charpy V-notch impact test

4.1 Sampling4.1.1 The Charpy V-notch impact test is, in general, per-formed on a set of 3 test specimens.The longitudinal axis of the test specimens can be:

a) parallel to the rolling direction of the plate, section orpiece (longitudinal direction L), noted KVL in the Rules

b) perpendicular to the rolling direction of the plate, sec-tion or piece (transverse direction T), noted KVT in theRules

c) parallel to other directions.

4.1.2 The axis of the V-notch is to be perpendicular to thefaces of the plate, section or piece.The position of the V-notch is not to be nearer than 25mmto a flame cut or sheared edge.

4.1.3 For rolled products with thickness less than or equalto 40 mm, the test specimens are to be taken retaining theoriginal raw surface of the product or within 2 mm from it.For rolled products with thickness higher than 40 mm, thetest specimens are to be taken with their longitudinal axislocated at 1/4 of the product thickness from one of therolled surface, or as close as possible to such position.

4.2 Charpy V-notch test specimens 4.2.1 The test specimens are to be fully machined at thedimensions and tolerances shown in Fig 9 and Tab 2.

Table 2 : Charpy V-notch test specimen

Figure 9 : Charpy V-notch test specimen

4.2.2 Test specimens with the largest possible size, reducedsectional area 10 x 7,5 or 10 x 5,0 are to be used if thethickness of the product does not allow to take test speci-mens of the standard size with sectional area 10 x 10.

The energy value required when using reduced size testspecimen compared to standard size test specimen is givenin Tab 3.

Table 3 : Average energy value forreduced test specimens

4.3 Charpy V-notch test procedure

4.3.1 Ambient temperature means any temperature withinthe range 18 to 28C.

Where the test temperature is lower than ambient, the tem-perature of the test specimen at the moment of breaking isto be the specified test temperature, within 2C.

The test temperature is to be clearly stated in the testingdocuments.

4.3.2 The unit used to report the energy values is to beclearly stated in the testing documents and should be pref-erably the Joule (J).

The average of the three results from the test of the set is tocomply with the value required for the product. Only oneindividual value may be less than the required averagevalue, provided it is not less than 70% of that value.

4.4 Charpy V-notch re-test procedure

4.4.1 When the average value of the three initial Charpy V-notch impact test specimens fails to meet the stated require-ment, or the value for more than one test specimen is belowthe required average value, or when the value of any onetest specimen is below 70% of the specified average value,three additional specimens from the same material may be

Dimensions Nominal Tolerance

Length 55 mm 0,60 mm

Width

standard test specimen 10 mm 0,11 mm

subsize test specimen 7,5 mm 0,11 mm

subsize test specimen 5,0 mm 0,06 mm

Thickness 10 mm 0,06 mm

Depth below notch 8 mm 0,06 mm

Angle of notch 45 2

Root radius 0,25 mm 0,025 mm

Distance of notch from end oftest specimen

27,5 mm 0,42 mm

Angle between plane of sym-metry of notch and longitudinalaxis of test specimen

90 2

Sectional area of V-notchtest specimens (mm2)

Minimum average energy (1)

10 x 10 KV

10 x 7,5 5/6 KV

10 x 5,0 2/3 KV

(1) KV is the required value on standard size test speci-mens, as per the Rules.

8

27,5 27,5

10

10

55

45

V = notch sectionr =

0,2532 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 2tested and the results added to those previously obtained toform a new average. If this new average complies with therequirements and if not more than two individual results arelower than the required average and of these, not more thanone result is below 70% of the specified average value thepiece or batch (as applicable) may be accepted.

5 Drop weight test

5.1 Definition and test specimens dimensions

5.1.1 The drop weight test according to ASTM Standard E208 is used for determination of the NDT (nil ductility tran-sition) temperature.

The NDT is the maximum temperature where the dropweight test specimen breaks when tested according to theprovisions of the standard.

Drop weight test specimens have one of the followingdimensions (thickness by width by length, in mm3):

type P1: 25 x 90 x 360

type P2: 19 x 50 x 130

type P3: 16 x 50 x 130.

5.1.2 The following apply, if not otherwise agreed:

a) the test specimen sides are to be saw-cut or machined(minimum 25 mm distance to flame-cut surface)

b) the machining of the sample to obtain the requiredthickness of the test specimen is to be carried out onlyon one surface; the opposite raw surface is to be main-tained

c) the specimens may be of any orientation, but the orien-tation is to be the same for all specimens.

6 Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) test

6.1 General

6.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed, the test is to be performedon test specimens of full thickness according to appropriatenational or international standards like BS 7448 Part 1:1991and ASTM E 1290.

7 Ductility tests for pipes and tubes

7.1 Flattening test

7.1.1 The test specimen consists of a ring cut withsmoothed ends perpendicular to the tube axis.

The length of the specimen is to be from 10 mm to 100 mm.

7.1.2 The test consists of compressing the test specimenbetween two rigid and parallel flat plates in a direction per-pendicular to its longitudinal axis; the plates are to coverthe whole test specimen after flattening.

It is to be continued until the distance Z between the twoplates, measured under load, reaches the value specified.

In the case of welded pipes or tubes, the test is to be carriedout with the weld seam positioned at 90 and at 0 to theflattening force.

After flattening, the test specimen is not to present anycracks or other flaws; however, small cracks at the ends maybe disregarded.

7.2 Drift expanding test

7.2.1 The test specimen consists of a tube section havingthe ends perpendicular to the tube axis; the edges of theend to be tested may be rounded by filing.

7.2.2 For metallic tubes, the length of the specimen isequal to 2 D, where D is the external diameter of the tube, ifthe angle of the drift is 30, or equal to 1,5 D if the angle ofthe drift is 45 or 60. The test piece may be shorter pro-vided that after testing the remaining cylindrical portion isnot less than 0,5D.

7.2.3 The rate of penetration of the mandrel shall notexceed 50 mm/min.

7.2.4 The test consists of flaring the end of the test speci-men at ambient temperature and symmetrically, by meansof a truncated-cone shaped mandrel of hardened steel hav-ing the included angle specified in [7.2.2] (see Fig 10).

The mandrel is to be lubricated but is not to be rotated inthe pipe during the test.

The mandrel penetration is to continue until the increase inexternal diameter of the end of the expanded zone reachesthe value specified in the requirements relevant to the vari-ous products.

The expanded zone of the test specimen is not to presentany cracks or other flaws.

Figure 10 : Drift expanding test

30 or 45 or 60 or 120February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 33

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 27.3 Flanging test

7.3.1 The test specimen consists of a tube section cut withthe ends perpendicular to the tube axis; the edges of theend to be tested may be rounded by filing.

7.3.2 The length of the test specimen is equal to approxi-mately 1,5 times the external diameter of the tube. The testspecimen may be shorter provided that after testing theremaining cylindrical portion is not less than half the exter-nal diameter.

7.3.3 The test is carried out in two stages and consists ofsymmetrically forming a flange at one end of the test speci-men by means of a special mandrel of hardened steel; themandrel is to be lubricated but is not to be rotated in thetube during the test.

The rate of penetration of the forming tool shall not exceed50 mm/min.

During the first stage of flanging, the end of the test speci-men is expanded by means of a truncated-cone shapedmandrel having an included angle of 90; the test is thencontinued during the second stage using a special formingmandrel to complete the flange.

The test is to be continued until the expanded zone forms aflange perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the testspecimen, with an increase in the external diameter of theend of the test specimen not less than the value specified(see Fig 11).

The cylindrical and flanged portion of the test specimen isnot to present any cracks or other flaws.

After testing, the remaining cylindrical portion is to be notless than half the external diameter of the tube.

Figure 11 : Flanging test

7.4 Ring expanding test

7.4.1 The test specimen consists of a tube section cut withthe ends perpendicular to the tube axis and the lengthbetween 10 and 16 mm.

7.4.2 The rate of penetration of the mandrel shall notexceed 30 mm/s.

7.4.3 The test specimen is to be expanded to the prescribeddiameter or until fracture occurs (see Fig 12).

The expanded test specimen is not to reveal defects such ascracks, grooves or laminations and is to reach the pre-scribed expansion.

Figure 12 : Ring expanding test

7.5 Ring tensile test

7.5.1 The test specimen consists of a tube section withplain and smoothed ends cut perpendicular to the tube axisand with a length of about 15 mm.

7.5.2 The test specimen is to be drawn to fracture in a ten-sile testing machine by means of two mandrels havingdiameter equal to at least three times the wall thickness ofthe pipe.

The rate shall not exceed 5 mm/s.

In the case of welded pipes the weld seam is to be at 90 tothe direction of the tensile load.

The test specimen after fracture is not to reveal defects suchas cracks, grooves or laminations and is to show visibledeformation at the point of fracture.

7.6 Bend test on pipes and tubes

7.6.1 Where feasible, the test specimen consists of fullthickness strips not less than 40 mm in width (which may bemachined down to 20 mm width for large thickness pipes)cut perpendicular to the pipe axis.

The edges of the test specimen may be rounded to 1,5 mmradius.

The result is considered satisfactory if, after being bentthrough the required angle in the direction of the originalcurvature, the test specimen is free from cracks and lamina-tions; however, small cracks on the edges may be disre-garded.

7.6.2 For small diameter tubes, in general not exceeding50 mm, the test specimen consists of a tube section of suffi-cient length.

The test specimen is to be bent on a cylindrical mandrelwith appropriate procedures as stated below, depending onthe specification of the product:

a) on a mandrel having a diameter 12 times the nominaldiameter of the tube until an angle of 90 is reached

b) on a mandrel having a diameter 8 times the nominaldiameter of the tube, until an angle of 180 is reached.

The test specimen after bending is not to present any cracksor other flaws.34 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 28 Other tests and checks

8.1 Strain age embrittlement test

8.1.1 The test is performed according to the followingrequirements:

a) the material is to be deformed, generally by compres-sion (in special cases, deformation under tension maybe permitted) until the required shortening (or elonga-tion) (usually 3%, 5% or 10%) is attained

b) the material is then to be heat treated in a furnace at250C for 1/2 h unless otherwise agreed

c) Charpy impact test specimens are to be obtained fromthe strained and treated material and broken at the spec-ified temperature.

When the deformation is reached by lateral compression,the procedure of artificial aging described above may beapplied directly to the individual test specimens.

8.2 Macrographic and micrographic examinations

8.2.1 The following examinations may be required to beperformed as a random check for specific steel products:

a) macrographic examination for detection of sulphur seg-regations (sulphur print or "Baumann test") according toISO 4968

b) evaluation of the primary austenitic grain sizeMcQuaid Ehn test according to ASTM E 112 58 TStandards. For fine grained steels, the "fine grain" condi-tion is considered satisfied when the grain size is 5 orfiner.

Test methods according to other recognised standards maybe accepted by agreement with the Society.

8.2.2 The laboratory which carries out the examination isto issue a certificate of the results and photographic docu-mentation of typical zones is to be enclosed.February 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 35

NR 216, Ch 1, Sec 236 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216

Chapter 2

STEEL AND IRON PRODUCTS

SECTION 1 ROLLED STEEL PLATES, SECTIONS AND BARS

SECTION 2 STEEL PIPES, TUBES AND FITTINGS

SECTION 3 STEEL FORGINGS

SECTION 4 STEEL CASTINGS

SECTION 5 IRON CASTINGSFebruary 2013 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding 37

38 Bureau Veritas Rules on Materials and Welding February 2013

NR 216, Ch 2, Sec 1SECTION 1 ROLLED STEEL PLATES, SECTIONS AND BARS

1 General

1.1 Scope

1.1.1 The requirements of this Section apply to hot rolledplates, strips, sections and bars intended for hull, structuralapplications, boilers, pressure vessels and parts of machinery.

Article [1] specifies the requirements common to all theabove-mentioned steel products, while the appropriate spe-cific requirements are indicated in Articles [2] to [9].

1.2 Manufacture

1.2.1 Steel is to be manufactured by the electric furnace,basic oxygen or open hearth processes.

The use of other processes may be specially approved bythe Society.

1.2.2 The steel is to be cast in ingot moulds or by a contin-uous casting process.

Provision is to be made for sufficient discard such as toensure:

at both ends of the ingots, the soundness of the material

at the transitory zones of continuous casting material, ahomogeneous chemical composition along the longitu-dinal axis.

1.3 Approval

1.3.1 The manufacturing process is to be approved by theSociety for individual steelmakers, grade of steel and prod-ucts, as specified in the applicable Articles.

Provisions for the approval are given in the documentNR480 Approval of the manufacturing process of metallicmaterials.

1.3.2 Rolling mills without their own steelmaking have toensure that the slabs, blooms or ingots are supplied byworks approved by the Society.

1.3.3 It is the manufacturers responsibility to assure thateffective process and production controls in operation areadhered to within the manufacturing specifications. Wherecontrol imperfection inducing possible inferior quality ofproduct occurs, the manufacturer is to identify the causeand establish a countermeasure to prevent its recurrence.Also, the complete investigation report is to be submitted tothe surveyor. For further use, each affected piece is to betested to the Surveyors satisfaction. The frequency of testingfor subsequent products offered may be increased at the dis-cretion of the Society.

1.4 Quality of materials 1.4.1 All products are to have a workmanlike finish and tobe free from surface or internal defects which may impairtheir proper workability and use.

1.4.2 The responsibility for storage and maintenance of thedelivered product(s) with acceptable level of surface condi-tions rests with the manufacturer or shipyard before theproduct(s) are used in fabrication.

1.5 Visual, dimensional and non-destructive examinations

1.5.1 GeneralVisual, dimensional and, as appropriate, non-destructiveexaminations are to be performed by the Manufacturer onthe materials supplied prior to delivery, as required.

The general provisions indicated in Ch 1, Sec 1, [3.6] andspecific requirements for the various products as specifiedin the relevant Articles of this Section apply.

Non-destructive examinations may be required by the Sur-veyor when deemed necessary.

1.5.2 Thickness tolerances of steel plates and wide flats

The tolerances on thickness of a given product are defined as:

minus tolerance is the lower limit of the acceptablerange below the nom