223979610 adverb and adverbial phrases
TRANSCRIPT
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JEEIVITA KATHIRVELU PILLAINUR AFFIA BINTI HELIMIN
MOHD RAHMAT BIN ABDULLAHTAUFIQ
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Adverb : Single word which modifies verbE.g; The sun shine brightly, he smile widely.
(bright, wide= adjective + -ly ) Adverbial : Words and phrases that modifies
verb similarly to adverbE.g; She called this morning.
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Clause : group of words which consist ofsubject and verb
E.g ; she walked , I cried
Phrase : a group of words which usuallyconsist of present / past participleE.g; speeding away, Katy and Samantha
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Tells us when something happens and start withwords like when, now, as long as, as soon as,until and while.
Eg :1. A lie can travel half way around the worldwhile the truth is just putting on its shoes.
2. As long as you complete your homework, youmay go to the playground.
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Applicable if the clause has a form of be. Basic rule of changing/reducing a clause into
a phrase is omitting the noun/pronoun
While they were in Italy, they had trouble. While in Italy, they had trouble.
‘they were’ are omitted = clause is reducedinto a phrase.
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Try to reduce;Eg: While I was in Italy, they had
trouble.
*While in Italy, they had trouble. Reduction of clause cannot be done because
sentence will become ambiguous. Thus, reduction of clause into a phrase need to
take into consideration the noun/pronoun thatexist in the sentence
More than 1 noun – cannot do reduction
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Applicable if clause has no form of be.1. Noun/pronoun is omitted – verb is changed
into ‘-ing’ form. Before we left, we visited Rome Before leaving, we visited Rome When they saw Lisa speak, many of them are
surprised On/upon seeing Lisa speak, many of them are
surprised.
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2. Noun/pronoun is omitted – add ‘having’ +past participle
After they had opened the door, they saw theblood
After having opened the door, they saw theblood
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Omission of subordinating conjunction in clausechange it into adverbial phrase
While I sit on the porch, I thought about myfuture. Sitting on the porch, I thought about my future.
While they waited at the hospital, they weredeeply troubled.
Waiting at the hospital, they were deeplytroubled.
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How to remember? Adverb clause > adverb phrase > adverbial
phrase Since the children were sleeping in the car,
the children were not aware of what washappening.
Since sleeping in the car, the children werenot aware of what was happening. Sleeping in the car, the children were not
aware of what was happening.
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Watch video :-
http://www.showme.com/sh/?h=ez3zMBM
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Time clauses with "while" and "when" can bereduced by deleting the subject and "be" verb.
If there is no "be" verb, change the verb in thesubordinating clause to its -ing form. Sometimesthe subordinator (when or while) can be deleted aswell.
If the subjects are different, you may not reducethe adverbial clause.
Be careful when reducing time clauses that come atthe end of sentences.
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THE END