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]O Ducrot , Todorov dictionnaire encyclo pedique du langage

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de bakhtine ed seuil 1981

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الملخص

إن النص الغائب أحد مكونات النص الحاضر، وھو یعم ل وین بض ف ي العم ق، ویب ین أن حركیة ال نص م ن مـكون ـات نص ـوص ساب ـقة علی ھ أو معاص رة ل ھ، وھ ذا مصطلح التناص

یعني أن عمل المؤلف في تكوین نصوص جدیدة من نص وص كثی رة، بعض ھا م ن ج نس ال نص الجدید، وبعضھا م ن أجن اس مختلف ة، إن عمل ھ ھ ذا نصوص ي و النص وص الغائب ة س ابقة عل ى

ل ى فھ و للنص وص نفس ھا، ول م تك ن آف اق ھ ذه المؤلف ودوره في صنعھا ثانوي، أما ال دور األو النصوص تتحاور وتتجاذب والنص الجدید لما تشكل ھذا النص على ھ ذه التناص یة، ول ذلك ف إن مؤلف أي نص متعدد، وھو الزماني والمك اني وال أجناس ي، وھ ذا یس تدعي إل ى ال ذھن مقول ة

م في حین أن المؤلف ص امت أو عند بارت، وأھم ما فیھا أن اللغة ھي التي تتكل"موت المؤلف".غائب في أثناء حضور القارئ، وأن النص المنجز ملك القارئ وحده

إن نصوص الغماري تعتمد في تشكیلھا باألساس عل ى تمس ك الش اعر ب التراث العرب ي ال عل ى ،فھو یستدعي النص القرآن ي متم ثال ف ي كلم ة من ھ أو استحض ار معن اه فق ط ،اإلسالمي

أحیان ا بل بواسطة التضمین كي یشیع جو القرآن في أنحاء نصھ رغم أن الغلب ة طریقة االقتباسفت تملص المع اني القرآنی ة م ن ،حیث كثیر ا ما وقع الش اعر ف ي االجت رار ،تكون للنص القرآني

.الشاعر لتحیل على جوھا القرآني بدل أن تعاضد النص الحاضر

ل دفاع ع ن ھویت ھ ل ذلك ك ل إن قص ائد الغم اري ل م تخ رج ع ن ھ دف الش اعر وھ و ا النصوص المستحضرة كانت تستدعى لخدمة ھذا الغرض، غی ر أن ھ ذا التوظی ف ـ م ن الناحی ة الفنیة ـ لم یسقط في المباشرة والسطحیة كما نراه لدى الشعراء التقلیدیین حتى من معاصریھ، بل

.خطابیةعمل على دمجھ ضمن بنیة النص وعناصره حتى ال یبقى مجرد توشیح أو صیغة

یجتر معانیھ لت رد ف ي ل الغماري مع النص الغائب فھو في تارات قلیلة تنوع تعامأشعاره صامتة ألنھ ا ق د قطع ت ع ن جوھ ا األول ول م تكت ب لھ ا حی اة جدی دة ف ي الج و الث اني ، وتارة یضمن تلك المعاني ممتصا أبعادھا الداللیة لیبرھن بذلك عل ى قدرت ھ عل ى الس بك الجی د ،

ظھر أرقى نجده یذیب معاني النص الغائب لیشكلھا من جدید محاورا إیاھا ف ي ج و دالل ي وفي م.بدیع

:الكلمات المفتاحیة

؛التناص التاریخي؛ التناص الصوفي؛ سطوريالتناص األ؛ التناص والخطاب الشعري؛التناصإعادة ؛االیجازحالة واإل؛ تكثیف التجربة الشعریة؛جمالیات التناص؛ توظیف المعجم الشعري

.تشكیل الموروث