24 hour circuits - sold secure · alike change locksmith more than one lock or latch which can be...

Edition 21st June 2002

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Sold Secure

Sold Secure provides test and assessment services of effective securityproducts to commercial customers, the insurance industry, The Home Office,the Police and the public

Sold Secure is a non-profit making company dedicated to reducing the risk oftheft by the assessment of security products. Sold Secure was established in1992 by Northumbria and Essex Police with the help and backing of theHome Office. It is now administered by the Master Locksmiths Association.

We have close ties with a number of constabularies and insurers whoprovide regular information regarding the method of theft and the toolsutilised by criminals in their area. This helps to maintain an up to datespecification and means that security products can be assessed in the lightof the risk that they are likely to encounter when in use.

Manufacturers and suppliers can apply to have their products approved bySold Secure. Products which have been satisfactorily assessed may bear theSold Secure Quality Mark. Information on these Approved Products iscirculated by Sold Secure to crime reduction officers, insurance companies,the media, the Home Office and the public, and is available free to those whorequire it.

For more information on Sold Secure and our Approved Products List seeour web site at www.soldsecure.com

Every effort has been made to ensure that the contents of this report are accurate, however, Sold Secureand the authors do not accept responsibility for loss arising from decisions based upon it.

© Sold Secure 2002

This work may only be reproduced or copied in full and all such copies or reproductionsmust acknowledge Sold Secure as the copyright holder.

Updates

As the security industry moves forward, new technologies and terms come into use. Ifthere are any additions/amendments that you would like to see in the next edition of thisGlossary, please send us the details on the form below. Many thanks for you support.

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Glossary of Security TerminologyIssue 2

Sold Secure1st June 2002

1

24 hour circuits AlarmThis is the part of the alarm systemwhich is permanently set or monitoredsuch as deliberately operated devicesor anti-tamper devices.

ABC signalling AlarmThis was the forerunner to Redcareknown as Alarms By Carrier.

Acoustic detectors AlarmThe initial use of acoustic detectorswas to detect noises in the audiblerange of frequencies as in mostinstances it is impossible to gain entrywithout noise. More recently acousticdetectors consist of microphones suchthat central stations can monitoralarmed premises to confirm an alarmcondition.

Action LocksmithThe arrangement of the spring boltand its accessories in a lock or latch,and how they function.

Active leaf BuildingThe leaf of a double door that is to beopened first.

This is the second closing door.

Active RFID RFIDActive RFID systems are those wherethe transponder requires a powersource to operate.

Active RFID transponders usuallyhave a longer range than passiveRFID transponders but do require thebattery to be changed at regularintervals.

Activity detection CCTVSee Video Motion Detection

Aftermarket equipment VehicleVehicle equipment installed at anystage following vehicle production.

Alarm condition AlarmVehicle

The condition where an intrusion orinterference is detected.



2

Alarm upgrade VehicleThe addition or enhancement of analarm function to increase theprotection afforded by a vehiclesecurity system.

Alarm verification AlarmTo reduce false alarms some systemsor Central Stations require averification of the alarm from twoseparate detectors before they willgenerate an alarm condition.

Alarm AlarmVehicle

A security system which shall indicateactions such as intrusion into orinterference with the vehicle orbuilding.

Alike change LocksmithMore than one lock or latch which canbe operated by the same key.

Also known as Keyed Alike

All to pass LocksmithOften referred to as "locks to pass" i.e.a number of locks which can bepassed or keyed alike (opened by thesame key).

See also Alike Change

Alpha-numeric display AlarmAn alarm system display which usestext rather than LEDs to indicate thesystem condition.

American Society for Testing ofMaterials (ASTM)

Organisation

Organisation which produces variousspecifications including those forsecurity products.

ASTM1916 Race StreetPhiladelphiaPA 19103



3

Anchor systemVehicleProperty

An anchor system is a devicepermanently installed in the ground orother suitable surface and which isintended to either secure a vehicle orallow a vehicle to be secured to it.

Angle cuts LocksmithA measurement usually expressed indegrees, for the angle between thetwo sides of a key cut.

Angle of view CCTVThe angular range that can be seen bythe camera.

Lenses with small focal lengths willprovide a wide angle of view and longfocal lengths will give a narrow angleof view.

Annealed glass BuildingThis is the most common glass foundin buildings. It easily breaks forminglarge sharp fragments. It has littlesecurity benefit.

Also known as Float Glass or WindowGlass

ANPR CCTVAcronym for Automatic Number PlateRecognition.

ANPR can be used in securityapplications for detection of stolenvehicles and also for access control.

Anti collision technology RFIDAnti collision technologies are usedwhere multiple transponders might bepresent and need to be readsimultaneously by the base station.

Anti-lift device, Anti-lift block BuildingA device which prevents a door orwindow from being lifted in itsaperture, where this lifting woulddecrease the effectiveness of a lock orenable the door/window to beremoved.



4

Anti-tamper switch AlarmA device on an alarm system such thatunauthorised personnel cannotinterfere with the equipment withoutcausing an alarm condition.

These are found in the alarm bells,control and signalling panels,movement detectors, etc.

Anti-thrust bolt LocksmithA spring bolt (especially for a nightlatch) which cannot be pushed backwhen it has extended and fastened adoor, although it can be withdrawn byknob or key.

This security device is usuallyachieved by a dog inside the latchcase which falls behind the bolt andkeeps it extended when an auxiliaryslide is pushed in.

Anti-thrust plate LocksmithAn overlapping metal plate fitted tooutward opening doors so as toprevent access to lock bolts.

Aperture closure BuildingAn aperture closure is any physicaldevice which fits within an opening, toallow or preclude passage; such as adoor, window or gate.

Aperture CCTVThe size of the lens opening whichgoverns the amount of light striking thepickup device.

The aperture size is measured by thef-stop and is controlled by the irisadjustment.

Armed AlarmVehicle

See Set

Arming AlarmVehicle

See Setting

Armoured fore end LocksmithThe American term for a double foreend, comprising one inner and oneseparate outer fore end.

Association of British Insurers (ABI) OrganisationThe organisation representing theUK's insurance companies.

51 Gresham StreetLondonEC2V 7HQ



5

Association of Chief Police Officers(ACPO)

Organisation

The association which develops anintegrated policing policy.

Attack test GeneralAn attack test is the replication of acriminal attack on a security product.

Audio detector AlarmSee Break Glass Detector

Auto talk RFIDAn auto talk transponder startstransmitting whenever it enters thefield of a base station without the needof a special command.

Auto white balance CCTVAuto white balance is incorporated intosome colour cameras. It monitors theincoming light and adjusts the camerato maintain white areas.

Autodialler AlarmAutodialler or 999 is not commonlyfound in this country. It used thenormal telephone cabling to connect tothe public network. It relied on amechanical device to relay a recordedmessage to the police via thetelephone system.

As the recipient might not hear themessage or could be unable to recordthe address, etc. the system proved tobe unreliable and was replaced by theDigital Communicator.

Automatic deadlatch LocksmithA deadlatch, the main bolt of which isautomatically locked (or deadlocked)when the door is closed.

Automatic iris lens CCTVAn automatic iris lens monitors theincoming light and adjusts the apertureopening (f-stop) to ensure that thecorrect level of light enters the camerapickup.



6

Automatic level control (ALC) CCTVAutomatic level control is found onAuto Iris Lenses. This control will setthe lens sensitivity to cater either forthe brighter areas or the shadowedareas to be brought into detail.

Back light compensation (BLC) CCTVBack light compensation isincorporated on some cameras withCCD pickups. It automaticallycompensates for high backgroundlighting conditions giving more detail toshaded areas.

Back up battery AlarmSee Stand By Battery

Backplate LocksmithThe plate, fixed on a door, to whichthe moving parts of a lock or latch areattached.

Backset LocksmithThe horizontal distance from theoutside face of the outer fore end tothe centre of the keyhole or followerhole (or both). Designated as the"keyhole backset" or "followerbackset".

Banbury lock LocksmithAn old style door lock in which thevarious metal pieces are fittedseparately in a block of wood which, ineffect, forms the lock case. Alsoknown as a wooden stock lock.

Bar (of lever) LocksmithThe part of the lever between thepockets which is slotted to allow thebolt stump to pass through.



7

Barrel and curtain LocksmithThis is the full name of a securitydevice fitted in some locks to turn andclose the keyhole when the key or anyother instrument inserted through thekeyhole is turned. The barrel is atubular part surrounding that portion ofthe shank of the key which enters thelock, and the curtain, attached to thebarrel, is a disc fitting close to theunderside of the cap of the lock. Aspring with its end to enter the notch inthe edge of the curtain is usually fittedto keep the barrel and curtain in place.

Barrel bolt BuildingA device where a shoot runs in acontinuous guide attached to abackplate. The shoot is provided witha knob or similar for operation byhand.

See also Rim bolt, Security bolt, Towerbolt

Barrel key LocksmithAn American term for pipe key.

Barrel LocksmithSee Plug

Base station RFIDThe unit that is used to communicatewith transponders and contactlesssmart cards. It has a RF transmitterand receiver and an interface toconnect it with a display unit or othersystems.

Also known as a Read/Write Unit

Bathroom lock LocksmithA latch with a spring bolt operable onboth sides by furniture, and a deadbolt operable from the inside only,usually by thumb turn or slide bolt.

Bell box AlarmSee Local Audible Alarm



8

Belly (of lever) LocksmithThe edge or the lever, generallycurved, which the key touches to lift it.

Birmingham bar BuildingA steel bar fitted to the inside face of adoor frame on the hinge side.

Bit or key bit LocksmithThat part of a key which is speciallyshaped or notched to operate themechanism of its own particular lockor latch.

Bitting LocksmithThe shaping or notching of a key blankto transform it into a key to operate itsown lock or latch.

Blade (of key) LocksmithThat part of a cylinder or lever keywhich is to be or has been notched.

Blank LocksmithA partly made key, which has beenshaped to enter the keyhole of acertain type of lock or latch, but ofwhich the blade has not been finallynotched to operate any individual lock.

Blocking AlarmSee Jamming

Blooming CCTVBlooming is the term used for thehalation effect around an area of thepicture where there is a high level ofbrightness.

Bolt head LocksmithThe portion of a bolt that protrudesbeyond the case or fore end of a lock.

Bolt hole LocksmithThe hole in a case, fore end, plate orstaple to guide and/or admit the bolt.



9

Bolt stump LocksmithThis is the name of the part (usuallyrectangular in section) that upstandson a dead bolt or runner and whichpasses through the slot or gating inthe levers as the bolt moves.

Bolt (1) LocksmithThe part of a lock or latch whichprovides the engagement in the keep,staple, striking plate, link, shackle orother member.

See also Barrel bolt, Mortise bolt, Rimbolt, Security bolt, Tower Bolt

Bolt (2) BuildingA supplementary security devicewhere a shoot runs in a guideattached to a backplate. The shoot isprovided with a knob or similar foroperation by hand.

See also Barrel bolt, Mortise bolt, Rimbolt, Security bolt, Tower Bolt

Boltwork SafeMechanism by which a shut door isheld such than until it is in thewithdrawn position the door cannot beopened.

Bored lock/latch set LocksmithSee Tubular Mortise Lock or Latch

Boss head LocksmithSee Staple

Bow LocksmithThat part of the key which is held inthe fingers when operating the lock orlatch.

Box lock LocksmithA lock for fitting to the front of a boxwith a hinged lid. In the larger sizesthe bolt of the lock, usually keyoperated, has two locking points toengage the two links on the link platewhich is fixed to the lid.

Box striker or box striking plate LocksmithA striking plate having a box shapearound the bolt hole to receive thedead bolt, used for greater security.



10

Break glass bolt BuildingA (spring loaded) bolt that is held inthe locked position until the glass (orplastic) tube or panel is broken.

Break glass detector AlarmA break glass detector is a sensortuned so that it only reacts to thefrequencies typical in breaking glass.Some are tuned to react only to theharmonics caused by breaking glassas this reduces the risk of a falsealarm.

Where laminated or wired glass isused, the vibrations created bybreaking these are not the same as fornormal glass. Hence the sensors mayneed to be tuned for the appropriateglass type. Patterned glass may notallow adequate adhesion of thesensors.

Break glass security deadlock BuildingThese are deadlocks which can beoperated from the outside in thenormal manner but operate from theinside by striking a panel or moving alever to break the glass.

Bridge ward LocksmithA ward fitted in some two sided locks,the wards being fixed to a plate orbridge which is in the centre of thethickness of the lock and carried oncheeks.

British Board of Agrement (BA) OrganisationAn organisation which certifies buildingproducts includingwindow and door security.

BBAPO Box 195Bucknalls LaneGarstonWatfordWD2 7NG

BS 1722 Part 10 StandardSpecification for anti-intruder fences inchain link and welded mesh.

Requirements for fences and gates2.8 m high to be barbed wire toppingFor use in general industrial security.

BS 1722 Part 12 StandardSpecification for steel palisade fences. For general purpose and security

fences including materials,construction and erection. Includes amethod of test for flexural strength andadvice on specifying.



11

BS 2881 StandardSpecification for cupboards for thestorage of medicines in health carepremises

Cupboards of three security levels forthe storage of medicines at ambienttemperature.

BS 2911 StandardSpecification for letter plates This contains recommendations for

maximum sizes of letter plates torestrict access to the lock.

BS 3621 StandardSpecification for Thief ResistantLocks. This British Standard specifiesdesign requirements, test methodsand performance requirements forthief resistant locks operated by keyswith mechanical patterns and intendedfor fixed mounting on hinged or slidingdoors to provide reasonable securityagainst unauthorised entry. Provisionis made within the specification forlocks having claw or hook bolts,mounted on hinged or sliding doors,and for locks having spring bolts, ordead bolts of either single or multiplethrow, mounted on hinged doors.

This will be replaced by EuropeanStandard EN 12209



12

BS 4737 StandardBS 4737 Specification for IntruderAlarm Systems In Buildings

Including the following parts: Part2:1986 Specification for installedsystems for deliberate operations.Part 3 Specification for componentsPart 3: Section 3:1:1977 Continuouswiring Part 3: Section 3:2 1977 Foil onglass Part 3: Section 3:3: 1977Protective Switches Part 3: Section3:4: 1978 Radiowave Dopplerdetectors Part 3: Section 3:5: 1978Ultrasonic movement detectors Part 3:Section 3:7: 1978 Passive infra-reddetectors Part 3: Section 3:8: 1978Volumetric capacitive detectors Part 3:Section 3:10: 1978 Vibration detectorsPart 3: Section 3:12: 1978 Beaminterruption detectors Part 3: Section3:13: 1978 Capacity proximitydetectors Part 3: Section 3:14: 1986Specification for deliberately-operateddevices Part 3: Section 3:30: 1986Specification for PVC insulated cablesfor inter connecting wiring. Part 4Code of practice Part 4: Section 4:1:1987 Code of practice for planning aninstallation Part 4: Section 4:2: 1986Code of practice for maintenance andrecords. Part 4: Section 4:3: 1988Code of practice for exterior alarmsystems Part 5 Terms and symbolsPart 5: Section 5:2: 1988Recommendations for symbols fordiagrams

BS 4951 StandardSpecification for builders' hardware;lock and latch furniture (doors)

Performance test and criteria for leverand knob furniture for locks andlatches on doors. Metric dimensionsof furniture for mortise locks andlatches complying with BS 455.

BS 5051 StandardSecurity Glazing:Part 1 Bullet resistant glazing forinterior use.Part 2 Bullet resistant glazing forexterior use.



13

BS 5357 StandardCode of practice for the installation ofsecurity glazing

Recommendations for installingframed security glazing and unframedbullet resistant glazing for internal use.

BS 5544 StandardSpecification for Anti-bandit Glazing(Glazing Resistant to Manual Attack)

This standard considers securityglazing to a level higher than thatspecified in BS 6206.

BS 5872 StandardSpecification for locks & latches fordoors in buildings.

Test and performance levels for locksand latches for doors used in buildingsfor use in housing. Also specifiesdimensions. Does not include locksand latches for fire doors.

BS 5979 StandardSpecification for direct line signallingsystems and for remote centres forintruder alarm systems.

BS 6206 StandardSpecification for impact performancerequirements for flat safety glass andsafety plastics for use in buildings.

This standard is for safety glass andgives no indication to securityperformance.

BS 6799 StandardWire Free Alarms Code of Practice for wire-free intruder

alarm systems for consumerinstallation. Components andperformance of 'do it yourself' intruderalarm systems in kit form or as self-contained units. Marking, labelling aninstruction requirements with anappendix giving appropriate adviceregarding planning, installation anduse of a system for inclusion in theinstruction manual.

BS 6803 StandardVehicle security alarm systems Includes BS 6803 Part 1, & Part 3



14

BS 7042 StandardHigh security alarms Specification for high security intruder

alarm systems in buildings. Generalrequirements for alarm systems, withadditional requirements for specifictypes of premises or activity such ascash-handling, providing an enhancedlevel of security beyond that of BS4737. Appropriate to the protection ofpremises, articles and/or operations ofespecial value or of a sensitive nature.

BS 7150 StandardCode of practice for intruder alarmsystems with mains wiringcommunication.

Recommendations for construction,installation and operation.

BS 7230 StandardCode of practice for article theftdetection systems

Selection, installation, operation andmanagement of security systemsintended to detect or deter the theft ofarticles from shops, libraries,museums, offices etc.

BS 7480 StandardSpecification for security seals Requirement for seals used for the

physical securing of containers,enclosures and secure areas to deterand or indicate tampering orunauthorised entry.

BS 7499 StandardCode of practice for static guarding,mobile patrol services and keyholdingservices.

BS 7558 StandardSpecification for gun cabinets Requirements for the construction and

security of cabinets intended for thesecure storage of firearms &ammunition.



15

BS 7807 StandardCode of practice for the design,installation and servicing of integratedsystems incorporating fire detectionand alarm systems and/or othersecurity systems for buildings otherthan dwellings.

Provides recommendations for theintegration of a security system withother security systems for use in andaround buildings.

BS 7858 StandardCode of practice for security screeningof personnel employed in a securityenvironment.

BS 7872 StandardCode of practice for operation of cash-in-transit services (collection anddelivery).

BS 7931 StandardSecure carriage of parcels - code ofpractice.

BS 7950 StandardSpecification for enhanced securityperformance of casement and tilt/turnwindows for domestic applications.

The current British Standard forsecurity of new and replacementwindows of any material. Formerlyknown as PAS 011.

BS 7958 StandardClosed circuit television (CCTV) -management and operation - code ofpractice.

BS 7960 StandardDoor supervisors/stewards - code ofpractice.



16

BS 8220 StandardGuide for security of buildings againstcrime.

Includes:Part 1, Dwelling guidance on securitymeasures aimed at deterring burglarsfrom entering dwellings and helping toprevent criminal damage to dwellings,whether new or existing and whethersingle or multiple units.Part 2 Offices and shops guidance onsecurity measures aimed atforestalling organised and opportunistcrime of offices and shops.Part 3 Warehouse & distribution unitsguidance on security measures aimedat forestalling both organised andopportunist crime.

BS AU 209 StandardVehicle security Includes the following parts:

Part 0: 1996 Guide to the applicationof security devices/systems to vehiclesPart 1a: 1992 Specifications forlocking systems for passenger carsand car derived vehiclePart 2: 1998 Specification for securitysystems intended to deter or preventthe theft of in-car radio, audio & visualequipmentPart 3: 1998 Specification for securitymarking of glazing for passenger carsand car derived vehiclesPart 4a: 1995 Specification for securityglazing for passenger cars and carderived vehicles.Part 5b: 1996 Specification for centralpower locking systems for passengercars and car derived vehicles.Part 6a: Specification for dead lockingsystems for passenger cars and carderived vehicles.Part 7: 1993 Specifications for lockingsystems for goods vehicle driver'scompartments.Part 8: 1997 Specifications for lockingsystems for goods vehicle loadcompartments.



17

BS EN 1125 StandardHorizontal panic exit devices

BS EN 1143-1 StandardSecure storage units – Requirements,classification and methods of test forresistance to burglary. Part 1. Safes,strongroom doors and strongrooms.

BS EN 1143-2 StandardSecure storage units – Requirements,classification and methods of test forresistance to burglary. Part 2. Depositsystems.

BS EN 1154 StandardControlled door closing devices.

BS EN 1155 StandardElectrically powered hold-opendevices

BS EN 1158 StandardDoor co-ordinator devices

BS EN 12051 StandardDoor & window bolts

BS EN 12320 StandardBuilding Hardware – Padlocks andpadlock fittings – Requirements andtest methods.

This standard specifies performancerequirements and describes testmethods for strength, security,function and corrosion of padlocks andpadlock fittings used in buildingapplications but excluding cables andchains. Requirements which relate tosecurity are classified in six grades,based on performance tests whichsimulate attack.

BS EN 1303 StandardBuilding hardware – Cylinders forlocks - Requirements and testmethods

This European Standard gives 5grades of security for cylinders. Aminimum of Grade 4 should be usedfor domestic security.



18

BS EN 1527 StandardSliding door hardware

BS EN 1670 StandardBuilding hardware – Corrosionresistance - Requirements and testmethods

BS EN 179 StandardEmergency exit devices

BS EN 50130-4 StandardsEMC immunity requirements

BS EN 50130-5 StandardEnvironmental tests

BS EN 50131-1 StandardIntruder alarms - system requirements

BS EN 50131-6 StandardIntruder alarms - Power supplies

BS EN 50132 StandardAlarm systems. CCTV surveillancesystems for use in securityapplications.

BS EN 50132-2-1 StandardCCTV - Black & white cameras

BS EN 50132-7 StandardCCTV - Application guideline

BS EN 50133 StandardAlarm systems. Access controlsystems for use in securityapplications.

BS EN 50133-1 StandardAccess control - System requirements

BS EN 50133-7 StandardAccess control – Applicationguidelines



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BS EN 50134-7 StandardSocial alarms - Application guidelines Replacing BS 7524

BS EN 50136-1-1 StandardAlarm transmission – General systemrequirements

BS EN 50136-1-2 StandardAlarm transmission - Systemrequirements for dedicated alarmpaths

BS EN 50136-1-3 StandardAlarm transmission - Systemrequirements for digitalcommunicators.

BS EN 50136-1-4 StandardAlarm transmission - Systemrequirements for voicecommunicators.

BS EN 50136-2-1 StandardAlarm transmission - Generalequipment requirements.

BS EN 50136-2-2 StandardAlarm transmission - Equipmentrequirements for dedicated alarmpaths.

BS EN 50136-2-3 StandardAlarm transmission - Equipment fordigital communicators

BS EN 50136-2-4 StandardAlarm transmission - Equipmentrequirements for voice communicators

Building Research Establishment(BRE)

Organisation

A research establishment thatspecialises in building productsincluding window and door security.

Building Research EstablishmentGarstonWatfordWD2 7JR



20

Built in safe SafeSafe whose protection againstburglary is partly dependant uponmaterials incorporated into it, orattached to it during installation.

Bullet or bulleted Locksmith1) In a key, bullets are the longitudinalgrooves or projections on a key bitrequiring a keyhole formed to suit.2) In a lock, they are thecorresponding grooves or projectionsat the keyhole, designed to preventthe entry of a key which is not properlyshaped.

Burglar bars BuildingSteel bars cut to length and fixedinternally to window frames.

Bush LocksmithA lining (usually brass) around the keyor follower hole in a lock case, givingsmoother working and longer life tothe rotating parts. The keyhole bush isoften milled so as to form wards onone or both sides of the inside of thelock case. See sash wards.

Butt hinge BuildingA traditional door hinge. One leaf isscrewed to the doorpost and the otherto the edge of the hanging stile of thedoor.

Bypass AlarmOn most alarm system a detector orgroup of detectors can be bypassed orrendered inactive.

This is most often used when adetector is faulty, during maintenanceor when part of the premises areoccupied.



21

C mount, CS mount CCTVCCTV lenses are available with twodifferent types of lens mount. C mountand CS mount.

C mount lenses have a flange backdistance of 17.5mm whilst CS mountlenses have 12.5mm. Most moderncameras can accept either type of lensmount with the appropriateadjustments. CS mount cameras canutilise C mount lenses with theappropriate adapters. However, Cmount cameras cannot use CS mountlenses due to their shorter back focaldistance.

Cabin area VehicleThe space within the vehicle cabincompartment.

Cabinet lock LocksmithA generic term to include all locks ofany type for use on pieces of furniture,such as cupboards, drawers, chests,boxes and the like.

Cam lock LocksmithA complete locking assembly in theform of a cylinder whose cam is theactual locking bolt.

Cam LocksmithA tongue fixed to the end of the plugof a cylinder lock or latch that whenrotated will operate the lockmechanism.

Cap (of the lock) LocksmithThe part of a lock or latch whichcovers the mechanism and is fixed,usually by screwing, to the case.

Also known as the Cover

Case LocksmithThat part of a lock or latch containingthe mechanism.

Casement door BuildingA hinged door or pair of doors almostwholly glazed, often called a frenchwindow.



22

Casement stay BuildingThese are used to hold the openedsash of a casement window in positionfor ventilation purposes.

When the window is closed this offersminimal security. They can be fittedwith a key lock to give slightly bettersecurity.

Casement window BuildingThe most common window type in theUK. This type of window has sasheswhich hinge open outwards. Commonmaterials are timber, steel, aluminiumand PVCu.

CCD (Charged Coupled Device) CCTVA CCD chip is the light sensitivedevice in newer cameras that receivesthe image from the lens.

CCTV CCTVClosed Circuit Television.

Cellar flaps & gratings BuildingThese provide a means of access tothe basement of many properties (e.g.licensed premises).

These are often neglected whenconsidering building security. Oftenthe best means of securing these is bymeans of padbolts on the inside of thebuilding. Gratings may be secured bymeans of padlocks and chains.

Central locking BuildingVehicle

A system whereby all locks on thevehicle or building are activated from asingle point.

Central station AlarmThe location where all signals from amonitored alarm system are received.

The central station reports any alarmor maintenance signals to theappropriate organisation. Stationsoperate on a 24 hour basis and areequipped to resist criminal attack.These have replaced signallingmethods which used to go direct topolice stations.



23

Centres LocksmithThe vertical measurement in anupright or sash lock between thecentre of the keyhole and the centre ofthe follower hole.

Ceramic Marking PropertyMarking

Ceramic marking pens are an overtmarking system for glass and china.They do not damage the glaze butleave an indelible mark on the surface.

Certified StandardA product subjected to a testing andongoing audit programme by anapproved organisation.

Chamber LocksmithThe holes in cylinder housings thathouse drivers and springs.

Change key locks LocksmithThese are locks which can beoperated by any one key chosen froma large number of different keys thathave been made for the purpose. Theselected key is the only one which willopen the lock until a change isdeliberately made.

Change key LocksmithAnother term for Servant Key orChanging Key.

Change (of key) LocksmithSee Differ

Changing key LocksmithOne used in some keylesscombination and change key locks toenable the combination to be altered.

Also known as a Change Key

Chime zone AlarmWhen a chime zone detector isactivated the alarm system will providean audible signal but not a full alarm.

Chime zones are usually permanentlyset on chime. They are often used ondoors to give an indication of entry.Also known as Watch or Monitor Zone.



24

Chip card RFIDA card which contains an integratedcircuit as opposed to a magnetic stripecard.

Chop shop VehicleAn illegal organisation that takesstolen vehicles and dismantles them tocreate Clones or Ringers or to sell theindividual components.

Circlip LocksmithA ring with open ends which can besprung into place on a plug or otherpart to permit rotation but to preventendwise movement.

Claw bolt LocksmithA type of dead bolt having pivotedclaws which swing out when the bolt isshot. Such locks are often fixed tosliding doors.

Clone VehicleA stolen vehicle disguised with theidentity of another legitimate vehiclewhich is still in existence.

Closed shackle padlock LocksmithA padlock, the body of which is builtup so that the minimum amount ofshackle is visible when locked.

The closed shackle padlock offersimproved security against forcing oruse of bolt croppers. See BS EN12320

Clutch headed screw LocksmithThreaded screws with a shaped headallowing a normal clockwise action tofix but not allowing an anticlockwiseaction to remove.

See Security screw Also known asOne Way Screw



25

Coaxial cable CCTVCoaxial cable is usually used to carrythe signal from the cameras. Itconsists of a centre wire carrying thesignal surrounded by a braided metalsheath which carries the earth andprovides shielding from externalelectrical signals.

Cock spur handle BuildingThis is the traditional handle used tosecure a casement window. When thehandle is operated, a 'spur' on the sideengages in a keep on the windowframe. These may be fitted with a lockto give a measure of security.

It is recommended that a sash greaterthan 600mm in any direction is fittedwith at least two handles or lockingdevices.

Code hopping AlarmVehicle

See Rolling Code

Coded Fuel Valve VehicleA valve which isolates the fuel supplyfrom the engine until activated bymeans of a key or keypad.

Coded ICE VehicleThe in car entertainment (ICE) systemrequires a code to be input followingits disconnection from the powersupply.

Coded system (asset marking) MarkingPropertyVehicle

A coded system is one where a privatedatabase needs to be accessed todetermine the owner of the asset.

Coined LocksmithA term which signifies embossing, thatis, the forcing of cold metal betweendies to give it form without cutting themetal.

The impressions on coins at the RoyalMint are made in this way and so arethose on the bows of cylinder keys.



26

Collar ward LocksmithA side ward cut closest to the pinadjacent to the collar.

Collar LocksmithThe shoulder on the shank of a rim,mortise or bitted key, controlling thepoint at which the key comes to restafter being fully inserted into the lock.The collar is the datum point fromwhich the key is measured.

Combination lock LocksmithA lock which requires the input of anumeric or alpha-numeric code toactivate it. An abbreviation of name fora keyless combination lock.

Concealed fixing (of locks orlatches)

Locksmith

A backplate is screwed to the door,the lock case slides over it and issecured in position by two or moregrub screws which are concealedwhenever the door is closed.

Conditional refresh CCTVA system where only a portion of theimage is transmitted based on theparts of the image that have changed.

Connecting bar LocksmithThe thin metal strip fitted to the rear ofthe plug which transmits the motionfrom the tumbler mechanism of thecylinder to the spring bolt in the caseof a cylinder rim latch or lock. Itpasses through the thickness of thedoor, and is usually indented atintervals to facilitate shortening to thecorrect length.

Contactless smart card RFIDA chip card with contactless (RF)interface which has the functionality ofa smart card.



27

Contacts AlarmA pair of electrical contacts fitted toitems such as a door and door frame.When the door is opened the circuit, isbroken causing an alarm condition.

Continuous wiring AlarmTo prevent attacks through a wall it ispossible to place a continuous wirealong its inside surface. Breaking ofthe wire will cause an alarm condition.

Typically wires are stapled at 100mmcentres along the wall.

Control equipment, control box AlarmVehicle

The components of the securitysystem which process the setting andunsetting commands and accept thesignals from the detectors to allow analarm condition to be indicated.

Cover LocksmithSee Cap

Covert marking MarkingPropertyVehicle

Covert marking systems are systemswhich are not readily visible with thenaked eye.

Covert systems are primarily an aid toidentify stolen property.

Creep zone AlarmTypically detectors are placed high ona wall to deter tampering. This mightcreate a dead spot immediately belowthe detector which is not scanned.This is known as the creep zone.

Some detectors are fitted with 'creepzone protection' which means thatthey have a mechanism for monitoringthis area.

Cross differ LocksmithAn error situation whereby servantkeys operate more than one lock whenthis was not intended.

Cross garnet hinge BuildingA type of hinge which is designed tobe screwed across the face of thedoor. Usually used on the outside ofledged doors. Also known as a scotchtie or T hinge.

Its strength lies in the grip of the screwthreads and, where these hinges arefitted externally, they should be furthersecured by bolts fitted internally.



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Cross rail BuildingThe horizontal member of a door.

Cross suiting LocksmithThis is a departure fromstraightforward master keying and isbest explained by examples of caseswhich often occur:1) Two or more different servant keysare required to pass one lock, all beingin the same suite or subsuite.2) One servant key is required to passtwo or more different locks, all being inthe same suite or subsuite.3) A servant or submaster key of onesubsuite is required to pass one ormore locks in another subsuite. Alsoknown as interpassing.

Crosstalk CCTVCrosstalk occurs where another signalinterferes with the signal from therequired camera.

Current sensing VehicleA current sensing alarm systemmonitors the vehicle's current drain onthe battery. Any increase in currentdrain, such as a courtesy light, causesan alarm condition.

Also known as Voltage Drop.

Curtain LocksmithAn abbreviation for Barrel and Curtain

Cut cabinet lock LocksmithA cupboard or drawer lock, the flangeof which is recessed into the edge ofthe drawer or door.

Cylinder housing LocksmithThe main body of a cylinder with allcomponent parts removed.

Cylinder key LocksmithA key having a bow and long blade inwhich Vee cuts are made along theupper edge to operate the pins anddrivers in a pin tumbler mechanism.



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Cylinder lock or latch LocksmithAny lock or latch, the mechanism ofwhich is contained in a cylinder.

Cylinder pin tumbler lock LocksmithA lock using the cylinder pin tumblermechanism. The cylinder with its co-axial plug houses the pins and driversunder spring pressure. The correct keylines up the pins and drivers to make aclear line of intersection between plugand cylinder, thus allowing the plug torotate and the lock to be operated.

The mechanism offers high securityagainst key interchangeability andanti-pick mushroom drivers are usuallyincluded in every cylinder. Forexample, Yale 5 pin cylinders offer upto 24,000 differs as standard. It is alsovery suitable for master keying, asmany different types of locks orlatches can be included in the suite.Under master key, 12,200 differs areobtainable and under grand masterkey, 36 different sub suites with up toa total of 2,200 differs can beprovided.

Cylinder rose / cylinder ring LocksmithA shaped metal disc which surroundsthe outer face of the cylinder of acylinder mechanism assembly. Itusually stands slightly proud of theoutside face of door.

Cylinder LocksmithThe cylinder housing complete withinner plug which holds the pins,drivers, or disc tumblers and springs.

Also see Eurocylinder

Dallas key AlarmA type of Touch Key in which the keyis placed in a receptacle to activatethe system.

Data carrier RFIDSee Transponder, also known as aTag.

Data retention time RFIDThe data retention time is the periodfor which an EEPROM memory canstore its information.

This period is typically around tenyears but is dependant on theenvironment in which the memory isused.



30

Deactivatable transponder RFIDThis is a transponder which may bedeactivated.

Often used in shops where thetransponder is deactivated at the pointof sale.

Dead bolt LocksmithA lock bolt that, when locked, is fixedin position and cannot readily bepushed back into the lock case.

Deadlatch LocksmithA nightlatch or latch, the spring bolt ofwhich can be locked (or deadlocked)by key or other means.

Deadlocking latch BuildingSee Deadlatch

Deadlock LocksmithA lock in which the bolt is fixed in itslocked position such that the boltcannot be pushed back into the lockusing normal pressure.

Debit card RFIDSee Memory Card.

Degausser CCTVA machine that removes the magneticfield from an item. Typically used forerasing magnetic (video) tapes.

Delayed action BuildingA function of a door closer which holdsthe door open for a set period to alloweasy access.

A hold open period that is set too greatwill lead to possible unauthorisedaccess.



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Deliberately operated device. AlarmVehicle

A function that can permit the user toactivate an alarm.

These devices are often mounted suchthat they can be inconspicuouslyoperated such as by feet or knees.This may be a hardwired switch, radiopendant etc. They may be linked to aSilent Alarm to prevent reprisals to theoperator or to an audible alarm todeter the criminal. Also known asPersonal Attack Button or PanicButton.

Deposit safe SafeA deposit system which enablesemployees to deposit valuables intothe deposit safe without having tounlock the receiving unit door.

Deposit system SafeA secure storage system consisting ofan input unit and a receiving unit.

Depth of field CCTVThe depth of field is the range ofdistances that are in focus from thecamera.

A greater f-stop will increase the depthof field of the camera. Hence it isadvisable to use the highest f-stoppossible with the ambient lighting togive the greatest depth of field.

Detainer Locksmith1) A generic term for any part such asa lever or tumbler which keeps a lockbolt in position.2) The name of the sliding securitymembers in Butter's System locks.

Detector AlarmVehicle

A device that senses and signals analarm condition.

Also known as a Sensor



32

Differ LocksmithAn abbreviation of "differentcombinations" or changes. This term isused to describe the number ofvariations in keys that can be providedin a lock. The differ of the lock is oftenindicated by an alpha-numeric code onthe bow.

The number of differs can becalculated from the number of leversor pins (N) in the lock and the numberof possible steps (S) for each lever orpin. For a lock with a single lever, thenumber of differs is simply the numberof steps (S). When the lock has twolevers this becomes S x S. For threelevers S x S x S. (or SN) and so on.However, there are a number ofcombinations which cannot be used forproduction and technical reasons. Forexample the key to a lock with alllevers at the same step would look likea key blank and would not be adesirable form of security from acustomer viewpoint. Similarly, deepcuts next to shallow cuts at one end ofthe key are often avoided as the keycan easily be damaged. Also if a lockis double sided the levers will have tobe symmetrical so that one key willwork from both sides. This means thatthe number of levers for calculation ofdiffers is substantially reduced. Whenthe all these reductions are made fromthe theoretical number of differs weare left with the total number ofeffective differs.

Digital communicator, digicom AlarmThe digital communicator is thecomponent of an alarm system whichcommunicates with the CentralStation. Communication usesconventional telephone wires. Thecommunication is two way to avoid theproblems encountered with theAutodialler.

Early Digital Communicators requiredthe use of exclusive (ex-directory)telephone lines to avoid its signalsbeing blocked. More recent DigitalCommunicators us 'line grabbing'technology which means that they canterminate any calls in progress on theline should it need to send acommunication.

Digital CCTVRFID

A signal which is stored or transmittedusing binary numbers.



33

Direct line AlarmWhere an alarm systems is connectedto a central station this is usually bymeans of a telephone line. A directline is a dedicated telephone linebetween the alarmed premises andthe central station.

The expense of this dedicated line haslead to the development of linegrabbing systems.

Disc tumbler lock LocksmithA cylinder lock having disc instead ofpin tumblers.

Commonly used in vehicles andfurniture.

Disc tumblers LocksmithThe small shaped discs (usually ofmetal) in the disc tumbler mechanismwhich are the means of providingdifferent combinations.

Distribution amplifier CCTVA distribution amplifier is a device thattakes the video signal and amplifies itso that it can be sent greater distancesor to a number of outputs.

Divided follower LocksmithAnother name for a split follower, toallow independent operation of thelatch or lock from either side of a lockcase.

This may be used such that a handleis used to operate the lock from insidebut a key is required from the outside.

Dogbolt BuildingSee Hinge bolt

Door closer BuildingA device for closing a door or gateautomatically after opening. There arenumerous types available.

Door viewer BuildingOptical device fitted through a door toenable observation without openingthe door.

Double bitted key LocksmithOne with a bit on each side of theshank.



34

Double door BuildingAn aperture that is closed by two doorleafs hinged on opposite sides of theaperture. The second closing doorusually restrains the first closing doorfrom opening.

The security standard for new doubledoors is ENv 1627. For existingdomestic double doors the first closingdoors should be fitted with flush boltsor security bolts at the top and bottomof the door. The second closing doorshould be treated as a normal singleleaf door.

Double feather spring LocksmithTwo separate feather springs, fittingclosely together one inside the other.Alternatively both may be made fromone length of material and remainjoined at one end. A spring so made ismore lively and likely to last longerthan a single spring of thicker material.

Double fore end LocksmithA double fore end comprises one innerand one separate outer fore end.

Double handed lock Locksmith1) A lock designed for use either as aright or left hand installation withoutalteration, generally by turning upsidedown. The keyhole has a circularformation at each end of the slot toaccept the shank of the key.2) A cupboard lock, the bolt of whichcan be shot either way to protrudefrom either side of the case.

Double locking Locksmith1) By introducing a different camarrangement into the action of acylinder rim nightlatch it is possible togive a double or deadlocking facility. Asimple opposite turn of the key in theoutside cylinder deadlocks both boltand inside knob simultaneously. Thisgives protection against the bolt-forcing and the glass or wood panelbreaking intruder.2) Also where a lever lock shoots itsbolt by more than one turn of the key,thus doubling the distance of its shoot.



35

Down pipe BuildingIn building terms a down pipe is adrainage pipe from the building.However, in security terms it refers toany pipe external to the building.

Down pipes may need to be protectedwith anti-climb paint, spikes or barbedwire. Alternatively, they should be of aweak construction which will not allowaccess to the building.

Drilled through spindle (for lockfurniture)

Locksmith

A spindle with a few holes drilled ateach end, one of which accepts thescrew passing through the neck of theknob (or lever handle)in the doorfurniture. (Usually abbreviated to DT).

Drillpin LocksmithA fixed stump or pin in a lock ontowhich the hollow shank of a pipe keyfits when inserted to operate the lock.

Drivers LocksmithTumblers that rest outside the plug ofa cylinder when the key has createdthe shear line and are housed in thechambers of the cylinder housing.Drivers can be of various shapes otherthan cylindrical, so as to form anti-rappins or anti-pick pins. See MushroomDrivers.

Also known as top pins.

Drop arm LocksmithThe component in a keylesscombination lock which operates thebolt when the combination is set up.

Drop Locksmith1) In drawer, chest, box or similarcabinet locks, the vertical distancefrom the outside face of the top edgeor selvage to the centre of thekeyhole.2) Sometimes this term is used for akeyhole cover on a padlock.



36

Dual technology device, dual tech AlarmTwo different types of detector housedin a single unit. These may beultrasonic, microwave or passive infrared detectors.

Both of the detectors have to beactivated before an alarm isregistered. This are designed toreduce the number of false alarms.Often easily identified by the threeLEDs on the front of the detector.

Duress AlarmWhere the user is forced to disarm thealarm system he may be able to typein a duress code. This signals to thecentral station that the user needsassistance.

Dust cap (or cover) LocksmithA keyhole cover on a padlock andsome car-door locks to prevent dustfrom entering the keyhole. Moreproperly called an escutcheon.

Dwell time CCTVThe time a switcher displays a camerasignal before moving on to the nextcamera.

Ear of key LocksmithThe projecting stop on one or bothedges of a pin tumbler or other keynear the bow to prevent the key frombeing pushed too far into the lock.

Also known as the shoulder

Earth loop CCTVAn earth loop is caused by a systemusing earths with slightly differentpotentials.

Can cause blurring, shadow bars ortearing.

Earth CCTVA point with zero electrical potential.Usually connected to mains earth andthe instrument casing.

EAS RFIDAcronym for Electronic ArticleSurveillance

There are four main technologies forEAS: Microwave, Magnetic, Acousto-magnetic, Radio Frequency.



37

Easy action LocksmithA lock is designed so that only lightspring pressure is required to movethe bolt; additional spring pressure isrequired to move the follower and lockfurniture.

This is necessary especially when lockfurniture comprises of lever handles,the handles then return to their correctposition.

EDI RFIDElectronic Data Interchange.

EEPROM RFIDAcronym for Electrically ErasableProgrammable Read-Only Memory.

A non-volatile memory that can beerased and reprogrammed electrically.Used in smart cards.

Egress window BuildingA window designated as anemergency exit in case of fire.

These should have a minimumaperture size and should not be fittedwith any form of key lockablehardware. To enhance security theseshould be fitted with laminated glazing.

Electric striker LocksmithSee Release

Electromechanical immobiliser VehicleA vehicle immobiliser controlled byelectronics, which providesmechanical isolation or blocking of avehicle operating system or systems.

Electronic direct connection key VehicleAn electronic Touch Key that is usedby making electrical contact with thesecurity system.

Electronic immobiliser VehicleA vehicle immobiliser controlled byelectronics, which can provide eitherelectrical or electronic isolation orblocking of a vehicle operating systemor systems.

Electronic Iris (EI) CCTVA feature of cameras with CCDpickups where the camera's sensitivitycan be changed to enable a fixed irislens to be used where an auto iris lenswould normally be used.



38

Emergency exit door BuildingAny door through which it is intendedthat people should escape during afire or other emergency. These doorsmust remain available for egress anytime the premises are occupied.Security may be maintained by meansof Panic Bars, Break Glass Bolts etc.

See also Fire Door. No modificationswhatsoever should be made to anyform of emergency exit door by anunauthorised person.

EN 12209 StandardBuilding hardware - Locks and latches- Mechanically operated locks, latchesand locking plates - Requirements andtest methods.

This standard will replace BS 3621. Itproposes five levels of security. It issuggested that it will be published in2003. It was originally in three partsbut now only one.

EN 12209-3 StandardBuilding hardware - Locks and latches- Electromechanically operated locksand striking plates - Requirements andtest methods

It is not likely to be published underthis number. Not yet published (prEN)

EN 13126 StandardBuilding hardware - Fittings forwindows and door height windows

A 17 part standard coveringperformance (not security)requirements for most types of windowhardware. Not yet published

EN 13633 StandardElectronically controlled panic exitsystems.

Not yet published (prEN)

EN 13637 StandardElectronically controlled emergencyexit systems


EN 1906 StandardBuilding Hardware: Specification forstrength, safety, security, fire safetyand durability performance of leverhandles and knobs for doors onbackplates and roses. Requirementsfor security lock furniture for use onburglary resistant doors.


EN 1935 StandardSingle axis hinges



39

EN 50131-2-10 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - Proximity Not yet written. Requirement may go

into EN 50131-2-1 Due to replace BS4737 Section 3.13

EN 50131-2-1 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - commonrequirements

Not yet written

EN 50131-2-2 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - Passiveinfrared

Due to replace BS 4737 Section 3,7

EN 50131-2-3 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors -Microwave

Not yet published. Due to replace BS4737 Section 3.4

EN 50131-2-4 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors -Combined PIR/microwave

EN 50131-2-5 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - Ultrasonic Not yet written. Due to replace BS

4737 Section 3.5

EN 50131-2-6 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - Openingcontacts

Not yet written. Requirements may gointo EN 50131-2-1 Due to replace BS4737 Section 3.3

EN 50131-2-7 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - Glassbreak, acoustic, seismic

Not yet written. Requirements may gointo EN 50131-2-1. Due to replace BS4737 Section 3.6.

EN 50131-2-8 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - Vibration Not yet written. Requirements may go

onto EN 50131-2-1 Due to replace BS4737 Section 3.10

EN 50131-2-9 StandardIntruder alarms - Detectors - Activeinfrared

Requirements may go into EN 50131-2-1 Due to replace BS 4737 Section3.12

EN 50131-3 StandardIntruder alarms - Control & indicatingequipment

Not yet published



40

EN 50131-4 StandardIntruder alarms - Warning devices Not yet published

EN 50131-5-2 StandardIntruder alarms - Systems using non-dedicated wired links

Not yet written

EN 50131-5-3 StandardIntruder alarms - Systems using wire-free interconnections

Not yet published. Replacing BS 6799

EN 50131-7 StandardIntruder alarms - Application guideline Not yet published. Replacing BS 4737

Sections 4.1 & 4.2

EN 50132-1 StandardCCTV - System requirements Not yet published

EN 50132-2-2 StandardCCTV - Colour cameras Not yet written

EN 50132-2-3 StandardCCTV - Lenses Not yet published

EN 50132-4-1 StandardCCTV - Black & white monitors Not yet published

EN 50132-4-2 StandardCCTV - Colour monitors Not yet written

EN 50132-4-3 StandardCCTV - Recording equipment Not yet written

EN 50132-4-5 StandardCCTV - Video motion Not yet written

EN 50132-5 StandardCCTV - Video transmission Not yet published

EN 50133-2-1 StandardAccess control - General requirementsfor components

Not yet published

EN 50134 StandardSocial alarms Not yet published



41

EN 50134-1 StandardSocial alarms - System requirements Not yet published

EN 50134-2-1 StandardSocial alarms - Trigger devices Not yet published

EN 50134-3 StandardSocial alarms - Local unit andcontroller

Not yet published

EN 50134-5 StandardSocial alarms - Interconnections andcommunications

Not yet published. Replacing BS 7369,BS 7606

EN 50135 StandardWire-free alarms Requirements for this will be placed

into EN 50131 series.

EN 50136 StandardAlarm transmission Not yet published

EN 50136-4 StandardAlarm transmission - Annunciationequipment

Not yet published

EN 50136-7 StandardAlarm transmission - Applicationguidelines

Not yet published

En suite LocksmithTo indicate that locks are incorporatedin a master keyed system or keyedalike en-suite.

Encryption RFIDThe technique of coding informationstored in a transponder or smart cardto prevent unauthorised access.

Engagement LocksmithThe distance that the tip of the bolt orlatch engages into the striker platemeasured in the direction of throw.

See also Throw and Projection.



42

EN StandardAcronym for Euronorm. The Europeanstandards that are replacing nationalstandards throughout the EU.

Once a European standard is adoptedin the UK it is usually given the prefixBS. Hence these standards arereferred to as BS EN XXXX An ENmay also be described as an ENV (orin the UK, DD ENV XXXX). Thismeans the standard is formallypublished as a prospective standardfor provisional application. An EN mayalso be described as a prEN. This is aEuropean prestandard. This is astandard that is under developmentand has not yet been through theformal acceptance proceduresrequired for a full European Standard.In this Glossary a prEN is describedunder its EN number with anappropriate note in the comments.

Entry delay AlarmThe period of time that the user has tounset the alarm system after enteringthe building before an alarm conditionis generated.

ENv 1627-1630 StandardWindows, doors, shutters - Burglarresistance

This suite of standards gives testmethods and six grades of securityclassifications for most types of doors,windows and shutters.

Environmental test GeneralA series of tests designed to show thatthe security system is fit for theenvironment in which it is to beinstalled

EPROM RFIDAcronym for Erasable ProgrammableRead-Only Memory.

A non-volatile memory that can beerased when the chip is exposed toultraviolet light. After erasing, EPROMmemory can be reprogrammed.Erasing requires physically removingthe device and placing it under a UVlight. Programming requires placing itinto a programmer unit.



43

Escape lock BuildingA lock that can be opened (even whenlocked) from the inside by a singleaction without use of a key.

Escutcheon Locksmith1) The cover for the keyhole of amortise or similar lock.2) A device which fits onto the door orwindow around a keyhole or handle.This may be for decorative purposesor to increase the security of thatdevice.

Espagnolette BuildingA locking bar which is fitted to the fullheight of the lock side of the door orwindow and carries locking pins orshoot bolts. It is usually operated by acentral handle which extends theespagnolette upwards anddownwards.

Eurocylinder LocksmithA standardised size of lock cylindersuch that cylinder mechanisms can beinterchanged between locks.

Although the shape of the cylinder isstandardised the security level canvary (see EN 1303). Additionally thecylinder can have different lengths andoffsets to cater for various door sizes.

Exit delay AlarmThe period of time that the user has toleave the building after setting thesystem.

Some systems will not set if this timeis exceeded, others will generate analarm condition.

Exit terminate button AlarmAn exit terminate button is placedoutside the final exit door and is usedto set the alarm system when thepremises are vacated.

The use of an exit terminate button,rather than an exit delay, is thought toreduce the incidence of false alarms.

Extension tube CCTVAn extension tube may be usedbetween the lens and the camera toreduce the minimum object distance.

Used for close up applications.



44

Face plate LocksmithThe outer of a double fore end. A stripof metal fixed to the inner fore end,thus forming a double fore end.

The face plate is usually decorativeand is often marked with the lock'scertification.

False alarm AlarmVehicle

The generation of an alarm conditionwhen an unauthorised intrusion hasnot taken place.

False notches or false gating Locksmith1) The notches in the bar of the leversand the bolt stump of some locks toimprove the security against attemptedpicking.2) Cuts or notches which are put insome keys to give the appearance ofgreater intricacy although they serveno useful purpose.

Fanlight BuildingThe small window above a door orlarger window.

Fanlights must be given the samelevel of security as other doors andwindows. Access can be gainedthrough apertures as little as 225mmwide for adults and even smaller forchildren. It is also common forcriminals to open a poorly securedfanlight and then use this to accessthe locks on the main door or window.

Fastener LocksmithAny item such as a screw, bolt or rivetused for fixing hardware to a doors,windows etc.

FB1 and FB2 LocksmithBuilding

FB1 and FB2 are two standardisedlocks to which the Fire Brigade havekeys.

These locks are often used in areas ofbuildings where the Fire Brigade mightneed access such as plant rooms.Their use is in decline due to theavailability of keys causing securityconcerns.



45

Feather spring LocksmithA spring made of flat strip bentapproximately to a V shape with a loopor eye at the apex of the V to fit over astump of the lock case.

Fibre optic cable AlarmCCTV

A cable which carries a signal bymeans of light transmission.

Fibre optic transmission is most oftenused for long range transmission aslosses in the cable are lower than forelectrical signals. The difficulty intapping into a fibre optic cable meansthat they are often used fortransmission of secure signals.

Final exit door LocksmithThe exit door through which entrymust later be obtained, and so cannotalways be bolted. It is often the frontentrance door.

The security of the final exit door isgoverned only by the lock alone, so ahigh specification lock should alwaysbe fitted here. See also EmergencyExit Door.



46

Finishes LocksmithAB Antique BrassAC Antique CopperALI AluminiumAS Anodised SilverBB Bright BrassBE Bronze EnamelBK BlackBlux BrassluxBMA Bronze Metal AntiqueBP Brass PlatedBZP Bright Zinc PlatedCHAM ChampagneCP Chrome PlateDMG Dark Metallic GreyEB Electro Plated BrassENB Enamelled Nickel BronzeEPS Epoxy Powdered SilverGALV GalvanisedGE Gold EnamelGRY GreyHG Hammered GoldIBMA Imitation Bronze Metal AntiqueMS Metallic SilverNP Nickel PlatedPA Polished AluminiumPB Polished BrassPG Polished Bronze (Gunmetal)PL Polished Lacquered BrassS SatinSA Satin AnodisedSAA Satin Anodised AluminiumSALM SalmonSB Satin BrassSC Satin ChromeS/C Self ColourSCB Self Coloured BrassSCP Satin Chrome PlateSE Silver EnamelSNP Satin Nickel PlateSpB Sprayed BronzeSS Stainless SteelST SteelSV SilverW WhiteZP Zinc Plated

The following abbreviations arecommonly used for finishes forhardware. However, they do vary so itis advised that care is taken whenusing these.



47

Fire arm PropertyA rifle, handgun or shotgun as definedin the Firearms Act 1968.

Fire check door BuildingA door designed to prevent the spreadof fire within a building and enable theoccupants to escape.

See also Fire Door.No modifications whatsoever shouldbe made to any form of fire door by anunauthorised person.

Fire door BuildingFire doors are of two types and shouldbe referred to as either Fire CheckDoors or Emergency Exit Doors.

No modifications whatsoever shouldbe made to any form of fire door by anunauthorised person.

Fixing BuildingAny item such as a screw or bolt usedfor fastening a window, door etc to thebuilding fabric.

Flange back CCTVThe flange back distance is thedistance from the flange of the lens toits focal plane.

Flat steel key LocksmithA key made from steel sheet or strip,without corrugations in the thickness,but having the edge(s) notched toprovide the differs.

Float glass BuildingSee Annealed glass

Flush bolt BuildingA bolt fitted to the first closing door ofa double door set where the operatingmechanism of the bolt is covered bythe second closing door.

Focal length CCTVThe distance from the centre of thelens to the pickup device when anobject viewed at infinity is in sharpfocus.

The focal length of the lens gives anindication of the angle of view and thesize of the image seen by the camera.



48

Foil tape AlarmA metal foil tape which is stuck to theinside of window glass. This forms partof an alarm circuit. When the glass isbroken so is the foil tape therebysetting off the alarm.

Foil tapes can be damaged by roughuse, cleaning etc.

Follower LocksmithThat part of the latch bolt or spring boltmechanism containing a square holeto admit the spindle (to which furnitureis attached) which withdraws thespring bolt when turned. It has one ortwo projections or horns which act onthe bolt foot.

Force setting AlarmSetting a security system when somedetectors are not functioning.

When force set the faulty detectors willnot be functioning. On some systems,if the detector that was not functioningreturns to service it will become activeand capable of detecting an intrusion.

Fore end LocksmithThat part of the lock or latch throughwhich the bolt(s) protrude, and bywhich the lock or latch is often fixed tothe door.

Four-way lock LocksmithA rim lock so made that it can be fittedas either a right hand or left handinstallation on doors opening eitherinwards or outwards, without alterationexcept possibly reversing the springbolt.

Frame store CCTVA system which captures and stores asingle video frame.

This may be automated such that analarm condition will automaticallyactivate the storage of a frame.

Framed and ledged door BuildingThis door construction has aframework which is strengthened byhorizontal rails or ledges, to which theboards are attached.

See also Framed, Ledged and Braced Door Ledged and Braced Door Ledged Door Matchboarded Door



49

Framed, ledged and braced door BuildingA framed and ledged door withdiagonal braces.

See also Framed and Ledged Door Ledged and Braced Door Ledged Door Matchboarded Door

Free standing safe SafeSafe whose protection againstburglary depends only upon thematerials and construction of itsmanufacture not those of itsconstruction.

French window BuildingSee Casement door

Frequency RFIDThe frequencies allocated for RFIDapplications differ between the EU andthe USA. Additionally Europeancountries have their own frequencyallocations such that RFID frequenciesare not straight forward. In the USAthe minimum licensing frequency is135 kHz so there was a favouring ofthe 125 kHz band for low frequencyapplications. For higher frequencyapplications an allocation of 902-928MHz has been allocated. The 13.56MHz band has also been allocated toharmonise with a European allocation.In the EU there has been an allocationof the 13.56 MHz band. Also the 420-460 MHz (often 433 MHz) band andalso 868-869 MHz. This latter band isnot the same as in the USA but isclose enough to allow the sametechnologies to be used. In the USAthe higher bands of 2.45 GHz and 5.6GHz are also being developed.

USA EuropeLow 125 kHzMedium 13.56 MHz 13.56MHz 420-460 (433) MHz 902-928 (915)MHz 868-869MHzHigh 2.45 GHz• 5.6 GHz

Friction stay BuildingThe type of hinge found on mostmodern casement windows. Thewindow is restrained in the openposition by means of a friction device.



50

Full rebated (lock or fore end) LocksmithA mortise lock or latch with a speciallyshaped fore end and striking plate tosuit the shaped meeting edge of asingle door which overlaps the doorframe or a pair of doors which overlapeach other - and such overlap orrebate is at the centre of the doorthickness.

Such locks or latches are usuallyhanded, and the hand must be statedwhen ordering together with the size ofthe rebate.

Furniture LocksmithThe items of hardware fitted to thedoor other than the lock and hinges.

Also known as door furniture, lock orlatch furniture, locksets or latch sets(when complete with lock or latch).

f-number CCTVSee f-stop

f-stop CCTVThe f-stop is the measure of theaperture size of the camera lens. Ahigh f-stop means a smaller aperturesize. Where the ambient light is lowthen a large aperture size must beused to ensure sufficient light entersthe camera.

A high light level means that a high f-stop (smaller aperture) can be used.This give a greater depth of field. Alsoknown as f-number.

Gating LocksmithThe slot in a lever through which thebolt stump passes or goes into duringthe travel of the bolt or runner.

Ghost CCTVA ghost is a weak image offset to oneside of the main image.

Glass and Glazing Federation (GGF) OrganisationTrade body responsible for: glazing(Building and vehicle),windows, doors, conservatories etc.The GGF has published a series ofdatasheets including those on windowand door security.

The Glass and Glazing Federation44-48 Borough High StreetLondonSE1 1XB



51

Glass etching VehicleThe window glass (and possibly theheadlights) may be etched with aunique code to deter theft of thevehicle. The code may be theregistration number or part of the VINnumber.

Etching may be by means of sandblasting or by chemical etching. It isessential that sufficient depth ofetching is carried out to ensure thatthe marks cannot be polished out.

Glazing bead BuildingThe strip of material nailed or clippedto the window to retain the glass inplace.

If the glass in retained solely by anexternal clip-in glazing bead, then thebead and glass can easily be removedto gain access into the building.

GPS TrackingGlobal positioning system. A GPS receiver will lock onto the

signals from a network of twenty foursatellites. Using the signals from atleast four satellites it will then calculateits position.

Grabber AlarmVehicle

Electronic device which can be usedto copy and playback radio frequencysignals with the purpose ofovercoming security systems.

Grand master key LocksmithWhen a series of locks is divided intotwo or more sub-suites the key whichcontrols, all the sub-suites (i.e. all thelocks in the entire complex) is calledthe grand master key.

Great grand master key LocksmithOne higher in degree than a grandmaster key.

Only used in very specialarrangements of master keyed locks.

Ground anchor PropertyVehicle

A device which is attached to theground or other suitable location andprovides a method of securing avehicle or other item to it. This may beby means of an integral locking deviceor an additional locking device.



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GSM RFIDTracking

Global System for MobileCommunication. The European digitalradio system protocol.

Guard LocksmithA guard is a fixed part inside a lock toprevent false keys from turning, or toprevent an instrument from reachingthe bolt or levers.

Some guards are plates suitablyshaped which the manufacturer canarrange variously in a number of locksto provide the differs.

Guidelines for Minimum Security forDomestic Property

Standard

This document, produced by theMaster Locksmiths Association, givesguidance on the security elements thatshould be fitted to domestic property.It incorporates listings of approvedsecurity products.

Guild of Architectural Ironmongers(GAI)

Organisation

The Guild exists to promote integrityand excellence in thebusiness of architectural ironmongery.

The Guild of Architectural Ironmongers8 Stepney GreenLondonE1 3JU

Gunmetal LocksmithAnother term for bronze. N.B. To avoid confusion between

Polished Brass (PB), Polished Bronzeis symbolised by PG (PolishedGunmetal).

Handing (of doors) BuildingThe European convention for handingof doors is that a left hand door is onewith the lock on the left side whenviewed on the closing face. i.e. A lefthand door will open in a clockwisedirection when viewed in plan.



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Handing (of locks) LocksmithWhere a lock or latch cannot be usedon a left and a right opening door thenit is said to be handed. The handingwill then be left or right.

The normal convention is to quote theside of the door that the lock is onwhen viewed from the inside on anoutward opening door. (Or the outsideon an inward opening door). Differentmanufacturers and suppliers may usedifferent conventions when specifyinghanding so caution should always betaken when specifying handing.

Hard wired AlarmAn alarm system in which theelements are wired together.

Typically six core wire is used foralarm systems. 2 cores are used toprovide a power supply, two corescarry any alarm signal and two coresprovide an anti tamper. Standardiseduse of the wires colour coding shouldnot be made.

Hasp and staple LocksmithA fastening in two pieces for a door orbox to be secured by a padlock. Thehinged part is called the hasp which isfitted to the door or lid of a box andshuts over the staple, which is on thedoor frame or the body of the box.

For optimum security it is essential touse a hasp and staple with concealedfixing, i.e. the heads of the fixingscrews are completely covered whenthe padlock is locked in position, asotherwise the fitment can easily beremoved by withdrawing the screws.

Heat detector AlarmA detector that will generate an alarmcondition dependant on temperature.

There are two main types: fixeddetectors generate an alarm conditionwhen a fixed temperature is attained;rate of rise detectors generate analarm condition when the temperaturechange exceeds a pre set rate.

Hinge bolt BuildingA hinge bolt (or dogbolt) is a fixedprojection on the hinge side of thedoor or window. The projectionengages into a keep on the framewhen the door or window is closed.

Hold back stop LocksmithSee Stop Knob.



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Hold open BuildingA device that holds a door in the openposition.

Hook bolt LocksmithA pivoted bolt, the head of which isshaped in the form of a hook. Suchlocks or latches are often fixed onsliding doors.

Hook ward LocksmithThe ward is fixed in the lock caseformed as part of a circle like a wheelward, but with a return or flange sothat a cut in the key to fit would be Lshape.

Horizontal bars CCTVHorizontal bars are black and whitebars over the entire picture. They areusually caused by interference fromthe electric mains frequency.

Also known as hum bars or venetianblinds.

Horizontal lock LocksmithA mortise or rim lock having thefollower hole further from the fore endthan the keyhole, but in the samehorizontal plane.

Used when knob furniture is specifiedto prevent the barking of knuckles onthe door frame.

IC RFID1) Integrated Circuit.2) Inductive Coupling. The method ofpower and data transmission used forRFID systems.

Imitation BMA LocksmithAn electro deposited powder orlacquer finish on metal to simulate asnearly as possible the genuine BronzeMetal Antique finish. It is known asIBMA.

Immobiliser VehicleA device intended to prevent a vehiclebeing moved, powered by its ownengine.



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Inclination detector VehicleA detector which is activated when thevehicle is tilted such as when it towedaway of jacked up to remove thewheels.

Inertia switch AlarmThese devices detect movement in themedium to which they are attached.They must all be firmly attached inorder to detect a movement correctlyand then the signals produced mustbe put into the control box via ananalyser. The analyser processes thesignal and decides whether it warrantsan alarm, by taking into account thefrequency, strength and duration of thesignal.

There are two main types of inertiaswitch: One contains a piezo-electricelement which generates a signal inresponse to vibration. The othercontains a moving element which'bounces' in response to vibration andthereby makes and breaks anelectrical contact. Also known as ashock sensor.

Infra red beam AlarmInfra red beams were an early form ofalarm detector and used an infra redtransmitter and receiver. Breaking theinfra red beam caused and alarmcondition. See also Photo Electric Eye.

The single beam was easy to avoidonce the transmitter and receiver hadbeen spotted. This led to theirinstallation in arrays to form 'walls'.They have largely been replaced byother types of detector.

Inspectorate of the SecurityIndustry (ISI)

Organisation

The ISI is part of the National SecurityInspectorate (NSI) andis a certification body for the mannedsecurity industry.

ISIOrchard HouseVictoria SquareDroitwichWR9 8DS

International Association of AutoTheft Investigators (IAATI)

Organisation

An organisation formed to assist lawenforcement, insuranceindustry, vehicle manufacturers, etc inthe investigation,detection and prevention of vehiclecrimes.

IAATI UK Office7 Woodfield RiseBushey HeathHertfordshireWD2 3QR

Interpassing LocksmithSee cross suiting.



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IR AlarmVehicle

IR is the acronym for infra red. Infrared is the non visible light next to redlight in the spectrum which consistsmainly of heat.

Infra red light may be used in severalways in alarm systems. Passive InfraRed (PIR) detectors use the body'semission of infra red radiation as ameans of detection. Invisible infra redbeams may be used as detectionsystems. Coded infra red pulses maybe used to send signals betweenitems of the alarm system, typicallysetting and unsetting signals.

Iris CCTVThe device on the camera lens thatcan be adjusted to vary the amount oflight falling on the camera pickupdevice depending on the ambientlighting conditions.

See also: Manual Iris Lens, AutomaticIris Lens, Electronic Iris.

ISO 10536 StandardContactless smart card standard.

ISO 11784/85 StandardAnimal ID standard definingfrequencies, baud rate, bit coding anddata structures of the transpondersused for animal identification.

ISO 7816 StandardContact smart card standard

Isolation control VehicleA function which permits the user toisolate the audible warning device forconvenience in the event of servicingthe vehicle.

Jamb LocksmithThe vertical member of a door orwindow frame. In some areas the toprail of a door frame is referred to asthe top jamb.



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Jamming AlarmVehicle

The technique of preventing a radiosignal from reaching its receiver bysending a stronger signal on the samefrequency.

Alarm systems use radio signals forseveral purposes. This might be tosend an alarm signal from a detectorto a control box, from a control box toa central station or to send asetting/unsetting signal from a key fobto the control box. By jamming theradio signal it is possible to prevent analarm signal being generated. It is alsopossible to jam the setting signal, thusleaving the property or vehicleunprotected. Also known as Blocking

Keep or keeper LocksmithA term sometimes used, particularly inthe North, for a staple or striking plate.

Key bitting machine or key cuttingmachine

Locksmith

A machine for cutting keys from keyblanks.

Key blank LocksmithA partly-made key, which has beenshaped to enter the keyhole of acertain type of lock or latch, but ofwhich the blade has not been finallyshaped (i.e. notched or bitted) tooperate the mechanism of the lock.

Key change LocksmithSee Differ

Key fob AlarmVehicle

Traditionally a key fob was simply atag on a key ring for identificationpurposes. Now the term has come tobe identified with the smalltransmitters on a key ring used to setand unset alarms.

Key steps or key depths LocksmithThis term usually means the bolt stepand lever steps of a key for a leverlock.



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Keycode GeneralThe code transmitted by, or read froman electronic key.

Keyed alike LocksmithSee Alike Change

Key GeneralA small removable device foroperating its own lock or system.

Keyhole LocksmithThe hole into which the key enters tooperate the lock or latch. It is oftenreferred to as the keyway, particularlyin a cylinder mechanism

Keyless combination lock LocksmithSee Combination Lock.

Keyless entry VehicleThe system of unlocking the vehicleusing a key fob transmitter or similar.

See Remote Arming

Keypad AlarmVehicle

A multiple action input key permittingthe entry of an alpha-numeric code.

Keyway LocksmithSee Keyhole

Laminated glass BuildingVehicle

Laminated glass consists of thin layersof glass bonded to interlayers oftransparent plastic (Usually poly vinylburate - PVB).

When the glass is attacked the glasslayers fracture but remain held inplace by the interlayers. Thuslaminated glass offers both enhancedsecurity and safety over annealedglass. Typical laminated glass found indomestic buildings consists of oneinterlayer with a total thickness of6.4mm. However, the number oflayers and thickness can be increasedto provide enhanced security such thatbullet proof glass can be obtained.



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Latch bolt LocksmithSee Spring bolt

Latch set furniture or latch furniture LocksmithA latch set, minus the latch.

Latch set LocksmithA latch complete with necessaryfurniture including a spindle, ready forfixing to the door

Latch GeneralA device which holds a door or windowshut but can be released without theuse of a key.

LED AlarmVehicle

Acronym for light emitting diode. Asmall light which may indicate thealarm status.

Ledged and braced door BuildingA ledged door with diagonal braces. See also

Framed, Ledged and Braced Door Framed and Ledged Door Ledged Door Matchboarded Door

Ledged door BuildingA ledged door is the most basic formof construction wherevertical boards are fastened tohorizontal rails or ledges.

See also Framed, Ledged and Braced Door Framed and Ledged Door Ledged and Braced Door Matchboarded Door

Lever and warded mechanism LocksmithThe lever mechanism with the additionof wards, usually for providing agreater number of differs.

The addition of wards does notsignificantly increase the security of alock.



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Lever handle LocksmithA piece of lock or latch furniture,usually on a rose or plate, for use asan alternative to a knob for operatingthe spring bolt of a lock or latch.

All British lever handles are spring-loaded to ensure the return tohorizontal after use, but Continentallever handles are not usually spring-loaded and thus when used withBritish locks or latches, sometimestend to sag below the horizontal aftera comparatively short period of use,unless additional springing is includedin the lock action.

Lever mechanism LocksmithA lock mechanism having, as itsprinciple feature, one or more levers.

Lever pivot LocksmithThe stump in a lock on which thelevers swing.

Lever LocksmithA flat shaped movable detailer in alock, usually for the purpose ofproviding security and differs. Thelevers in a lock have to be actuallymoved by the key to operate the lock.The belly of the lever is cut away tovarious depths to provide differentcombinations.

A lever will have pockets and gatesthrough which the bolt stump movesduring unlocking.

Light (window) BuildingA part of a window set that providessupport for, and includes the glazing.

A window light may be a fixed oropening light.

Limpet alarm AlarmA limpet alarm is a detector which canbe magnetically fitted to safes,vending machines etc. Typically theyhave shock sensors which will detectattacks on the item as well as attemptsto remove the limpet alarm.



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Line grabbing AlarmEarly monitored alarm systems couldbe vulnerable to incoming callsblocking an alarm call on theirtelephone line. Modern alarm systemsuse line grabbing technology whichenables the control box to terminateany calls on the line to enable it tomake an alarm call.

Link plate LocksmithThe complementary member of box,desk and other locks which is fixed tothe lid or some part of a cabinet, forexample, and has one or moreprojecting links to enter the lock andengage the bolt.

Lip (of striking plate) LocksmithThe projection on one side of a strikingplate on the surface of which thespring bolt of the lock or latch firststrikes when the door is closed. It isusually radiused or bevelled to guidethe spring bolt.

Live bolt LocksmithSee Spring bolt

Local audible alarm AlarmThe majority of alarm systems will befitted with a local audible alarm or SelfActuating Bell (SAB). This acts as adeterrent to the thief and a warning tothe occupier.

Alarms no longer contain bells butpiezo-electric sounders. These providea louder sound for less energy drainon the battery. The casings are tamperresistant and are usually designed tobe a visual deterrent. Dummy bellboxes are also available for greatervisibility. Local audible alarms containtheir own power source so that thealarm will continue to sound should itscable be cut.



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Lock mechanism LocksmithThe arrangement of the componentparts and the manner in which theyperform to achieve the requiredsecurity and differing when operatedby its key. Main mechanisms include:(i) pin-tumbler, (ii) lever, (iii) discs, (iv)wards. There are other specialisedmechanisms, e.g. Butters or Bramah.

Lock set furniture or lock furniture LocksmithA lock set, minus the lock.

Lock set LocksmithA lock complete with necessaryfurniture ready for fixing to the door

Lockable bolt BuildingSee Security Bolt.

Lock GeneralA lock is any form of device intendedto secure an item in such a way as toprevent operation without the key orcombination.

Locking latch LocksmithA latch with a bevelled spring bolt orroller bolt which is capable of beinglocked or secured, usually by key.

Locking plate LocksmithSee Striking Plate

London strip LocksmithA steel bar fitted to the inside face of adoor frame, shaped to accommodatethe staple or striker of a rim latch lock.

Long shackle (LS) LocksmithA padlock shackle with a greateramount of clearance than the normalstandard shackle.

These are usually available in a varietyof sizes to meet the users' needs.



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Loss Prevention Certification Board(LPCB)

Organisation

The LPCB was set up by theAssociation of British Insurers toevaluate building products for fire andsecurity protection.They are now part of the BuildingResearch Establishment.

Loss Prevention Certification BoardBuilding Research EstablishmentGarstonWatfordWD2 7JR

Lubrication LocksmithAll hardware should be lubricated atthe correct intervals. Usually at leastonce per year. A normal (3 in 1) oil issuitable for most hardware. However,oil must not be used to lubricate pin-tumbler cylinders, only graphitelubricant should be used for thismechanism.

Lux CCTVThe SI unit for the density of light. This is used to define the sensitivity of

camera pickup devices.

Magnetic contacts AlarmA very common device in alarmsystems where a reed switch is heldclosed by a magnet when the door orwindow is closed. Opening the door orwindow moves the magnet and thereed switch opens the circuit and thealarm is activated. Heavy dutycontacts are used on roller shutters,etc.

Different types of magnetic contactsallow for different air gaps so that theycan be used for most types of door orwindow.

Manual iris lens CCTVA lens with a manual adjustment to setthe iris opening (f stop) in one position.

Can only be used where the lightingconditions are stable.

Master keyed (locks or latches) LocksmithA lock or latch capable of beingoperated by a master key as well as itsown servant key.

Master key LocksmithA key which will open every lock in amaster keyed suite.



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Master Locksmiths Association OrganisationThe UK trade body for locksmiths, keycutters, lock manufacturers andsuppliers.

The Master Locksmiths Association5D Great Central WayWoodford HalseDaventryNorthantsNN11 3PZ

Master pins LocksmithSmall pins sometimes called wafers tobuild up chamber pin loading in pintumbler master keyed cylinders.

Matchboarded door BuildingA door of which the face is made up ofa series of vertical planks ormatchboards.

A matchboarded door may be Framed,Ledged or Braced.See also Framed, Ledged and Braced Door Framed and Ledged Door Ledged and Braced Door Ledged Door

Matrix switcher CCTVA matrix switcher is a device whichcan take a number of camera inputsand send them to a series of outputs.

Mechanical focus (back-focus) CCTVThe mechanical focus is the aligningof the pickup device with the focalpoint of the lens.

Also known as back focus.

Mechanical immobiliser VehicleAn immobiliser, the principal functionsof which are provided by mechanicalmeans and provides mechanicalisolation or blocking of a vehicleoperating system or systems.

Medical alert AlarmSome alarm systems have the facilityfor a medical alert. When the userpresses a medical alert button orpendant a signal will be sent to thecentral station requesting medicalassistance.



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Memory card RFIDA chip card which has a read/ writememory with a level of security.

Often used for applications such asprepay telephone cards, loyalty cardsetc.

Meurtriere BuildingAn opening in the roof of a passagethrough which boiling oil or similarsubstances can be poured on tointruders below. Also known as amurder hole.

Microwave detector AlarmVehicle

A microwave detector is a volumetricsensor which uses microwave energyto register changes in its monitoredspace.

Microwave detectors are not affectedby air movements. However, thepenetrating nature of microwaves cancause them to detect changes throughthin walls etc. They may be used aspart of a Dual Technology Device.

Microwave fence AlarmA microwave fence consists of aseparate microwave transmitter andreceiver placed some distance apart.This enables a perimeter to bemonitored.

Microwave Transmission CCTVVideo signals may be sent using adigital microwave signal.

Microwave transmission requires a lineof sight between the transmitter andreceiver.

Minimum object distance (MOD) CCTVThe minimum object distance is thedistance to the nearest point that acamera can focus.

The minimum object distance isdependant on the type of lens and ismeasured from the front of the lens tothe object.

Monitor zone AlarmSee Chime Zone

Monitored system AlarmAn alarm system which communicatesan alarm condition or other statussignals to a Central Station.



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Monochrome CCTVBlack and white (camera or monitor).

Mortise bolt BuildingA bolt where its body is fitted into ahole (or mortise) cut into the edge ofthe door or window.

Mortise lock BuildingA lock where its body is fitted into ahole (or mortise) cut into the edge ofthe door or window.

Mortise LocksmithA hole cut into the thickness of oneedge of a door to receive a mortiselock or latch.

Motion detection CCTVSee Video Motion Detection

Motor Industry Repair ResearchCentre (MIRRC)

Organisation

MIRRC was set up to evaluate repairsto crash damaged vehicles by theAssociation of British Insurers. Theyalso carry out work evaluating thesecurity of vehicles. They are morecommonly known as 'Thatcham' fromtheir location.

MIRRCColthorp WayThatchamBerkshireRG19 4NR

Movement detection AlarmVehicle

A function of the security systemwhich can detect and signalmovement of a body into, or within, theprotected area.

Mullion BuildingA fixed vertical member betweenwindow lights.



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Multicore cable AlarmAlarm systems are usually wired withsix core cable. One pair carries thealarm signal, one pair the powersupply and the third is for anti tamper.

The cutting of any of the wires willcause an alarm condition with mostsensors. Shorting together the signalwires will bypass the sensor for manysensors. For this reason standardiseduse of the wires' colour codes shouldmot be made.

Multiplexer CCTVA multiplexer allows the user to look atmultiple images on one screen orrecord multiple images.

Multipoint bolt BuildingA multipoint bolt system is one whichallows several bolts to be withdrawnwith one action.

This usually used on emergency exitswhere a high level of security isrequired to be combined with rapidegress.

Multipoint lock LocksmithA lock in which two or more bolts arethrown by means of a single action.

Mushroom driver LocksmithA driver in the cylinder mechanismwhich is tapered and has a mushroomshaped head.

These provide a very effective anti-pick element, as they cannot be liftedby a lock-pick or similar item. Whenmanipulated, the mushroom drivers tiltand wedge the plug at the line ofintersection. For example, all Yalecylinder rim, cylinder mortise locks andcylinder padlocks have mushroomdrivers incorporated in themechanism.

NACOSS National Approval Councilfor Security Systems

Organisation

NACOSS is part of the NationalSecurity Inspectorate (NSI) andapproves companies in the electronicsecurity industry in the British Isles.This includes Intruder Alarms, CCTVand Access Control Systems.

NACOSSQueensgate House14 Cookham RoadMaidenheadBerkshireSL6 8AJ



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Narrow case lock or latch LocksmithA rim lock or latch, the case of whichis made especially narrow, usually lessthan 67mm wide, for fixing to thenarrow stile of a panelled or flushdoor.

National House Building Council(NHBC)

Organisation

The organisation responsible for thebuilding standards of newhouses in the UK.

ND (neutral density) filter CCTVA filter that attenuates light equallyover the whole visible spectrum.

Nib ward LocksmithThe simplest form of ward made bypressing inwards a portion of the metalof the case or cap of the lock. A key tosuit only requires a plain slot in the bit.

Night safe SafeA deposit system which provides asecure receiving service for customersto deposit valuables.

Night vent or ventilation position BuildingA position in which the door or windowcan be locked whilst slightly ajar.

This usually offers only limitedsecurity.

Nightlatch LocksmithA lock which automatically locks whenthe door is shut. Manually operatedfrom the inside and by a key from theoutside. Usually provided with a stopknob to hold the bolt retracted and todeadlock the bolt when shot in theclosed position, even against theaction of the key.

A nightlatch will usually offer onlylimited security.

Noise CCTVNoise is any form of spurious signalwhich affects the video signal.



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Nozzle LocksmithA circular boss or ferrule containingthe keyhole on some cabinet locks,including locker locks. Correctlyrelating to lever cabinet locks.

OEM VehicleOriginal Equipment Manufacturer.

One way screw BuildingSee Clutch Headed Screw

One-sided lock (single-entry) LocksmithA lock which has a keyhole on onlyone side, so that it can be operated bykey from one side, usually outside.

Nearly all cabinet locks and allpadlocks are examples. Some highquality cylinder mortise locks are one-sided.

One-way action LocksmithAn action where the follower will turnonly one way.

Open shackle padlock LocksmithA padlock in which the bulk of theshackle is unprotected by the padlockbody.

The access to the shackle means thatthe padlock is more versatile thatsome closed shackle padlocks.However, access to the shacklemeans that it can be attacked by sawsand bolt croppers.

Original equipment (OE) VehicleVehicle equipment installed duringoriginal vehicle production.

OTP RFIDOne Time Programmable. OTP memory can be programmed

once and cannot be deletedthereafter, becoming like a ROM.

Overt marking PropertyVehicle

Overt marking systems are systemswhich are designed to be readilyvisible and readable.

Overt systems are primarily adeterrent to theft.



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Overwiring AlarmVehicle

An attack on an alarm system whichinvolves the manipulation of electricalwiring to bypass or short circuitcomponents, and which can includethe application of simple signals to thewiring.

Padbar BuildingA steel bar spanning the full width ofthe opening of a door with supportingbrackets or staples fixed to the frameand secured by a padlock.

Often purpose made to fit the door.

Padbolt BuildingA barrel or tower bolt which is lockedby means of a padlock.

Padlock LocksmithA comparatively small removable andportable locking device, usually keyoperated on one side only. The lockingmember is a hinged, sliding orswivelled shackle which locks into thepadlock body.

See BS EN 12320. Usually used witha Hasp and Staple, Padbolt or Padbar.

Paknet AlarmA type of signalling that uses radiotransmission to relay a signal from analarmed premises to a central station.

Used in remote areas wheretelephone lines are vulnerable andalso as a backup in higher securityinstallations.

Panel grilles LocksmithSteel grilles made to size with variousinfills of expanded diamond mesh,square weld mesh or fancy infills,usually fitted internally.

Panelled door BuildingA door which is constructed from aframe infilled with panels of wood orglass.

Panic bar BuildingA panic bar is a bar on the inside of anemergency exit door which unlocks itwhen the bar is pressed.

No modifications whatsoever shouldbe made to any form of emergencyexit door by an unauthorised person.



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Panic button AlarmSee Deliberately Operated Device

Pan LocksmithThe removable mechanism chamberattached to the inside face of a safedoor.

Parallel interface RFIDA data channel that transfers dataseveral bits at a time down multiplewires.

Parallel interfaces require a greaternumber of connection wires than serialinterfaces but have a greater datatransfer speed.

Partition AlarmSome alarm systems allow Zones orDetectors to be grouped intopartitions. Each partition can then beprogrammed or set separately.

PAS 11 StandardSee BS 7950

PAS 20 StandardSpecification for audible personalattack alarms

PAS 24 StandardEnhanced security performancerequirements for door assemblies

The British Standard for security ofdoor sets. It has a companionstandard (PAS 23) covering theperformance of door sets for otherattributes such as durability, weatherresistance etc.

Passing (or to pass) LocksmithAny key which operates a lock is saidto pass the lock.

Passive arming VehicleSee Passive Setting.



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Passive infra red detector (PIR) AlarmA volumetric alarm detector whichmonitors its protected area using infrared energy.

Everyone emits infra red (heat)energy. This type of detector has aheat sensor mounted behind a seriesof lenses. As the intruder moves infront of the detector the amount ofheat focused on the sensor varies dueto the lenses. This variation in heatgenerates the alarm condition. Thecoverage area of the detector can bevaried by varying the lenses. EarlyPIRs were sensitive to visible lightsuch as sunlight and car headlights soneeded to be focused away fromwindows. However, new technologyhas reduced this requirement.

Passive RFID RFIDA passive RFID transponder does notcontain a power source. A PassiveRFID system receives energy by RFtransmission from the read/write unit.

Passive RFID transponders typicallyhave a shorter range than an activeRFID transponder but aremaintenance free and can thus betotally environmentally sealed.

Passive setting AlarmVehicle

Automatic setting of the securitysystem without the need for consciousor deliberate actions by the user.

Useful in situations where the settingsignal may be blocked or jammed.Also used in vehicles to automaticallyset alarms/immobilisers without needfor user intervention.

Patio door BuildingA domestic door set consisting of twoor more sliding panels usually mostlyglazed.

Peg ward LocksmithA combination of wards resembling asash ward but fixed by pegs to thelock case.



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Perimeter detection AlarmVehicle

A function of a security system whichshall detect access through theperimeter of a protected area.

A perimeter system is often usedwhen buildings are occupied. Aperimeter system will provideprotection to a home and its occupantswhilst they are asleep at night.

Personal attack button AlarmVehicle

See Deliberately Operated Device

Pet sensor AlarmA pet sensor is an alarm detectorwhich is designed not to react to thepresence of pets.

There are a variety of technologiesused in pet sensors which are usuallya form of Passive Infra Red Detector.Some simply monitor an area which isunlikely to be accessed by pets but willbe accessed by an intruder such as alevel more than 1200mm high. Otherswork on the size of the detected objectand assume anything below a certainsize is a pet. Others use moreadvanced technology by analysing theshape of the object. All have their ownadvantages and disadvantages andthe detector appropriate for thesituation should be used.

Photo electric eye AlarmA photo electric eye is an electronicdevice which reacts to a change in thelight falling on it. In alarm usage it isusually used in conjunction with a lightbeam directed at the eye. When thebeam is broken the eye triggers analarm condition. Often the light beamis infra red rather than visible light.See also Infra Red Beam.

The single beam is easy to avoid oncethe transmitter and eye have beenspotted. This led to their installation inarrays to form 'walls'. They havelargely been replaced by other typesof detector.

Pin key LocksmithA key with solid shank (usuallycircular) and a projecting blade at oneend and a bow at the other.



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Pin tumbler mechanism LocksmithThe mechanism incorporated in thecylinder or housing of a cylinder pintumbler lock usually referred to as acylinder lock.

Pinhole lens CCTVA lens which has a small opening sothat it can be easily concealed.

Pins LocksmithUsually the lower of each pair oftumblers in the pin tumbler cylindermechanism. The upper tumblers areknown as drivers.

Pinswitch VehicleA small electrical switch designed tobe fitted to vehicle doors etc.

Pipe key LocksmithA key with a flat bit and a hollowcircular shank to locate on the DrillPin. Used only on one-sided locks.Also called a Barrel Key.

PIR AlarmSee Passive Infra Red Detector

Plug LocksmithThe part of the pin tumbler cylindermechanism or disc tumbler cylindermechanism into which the key entersand which the key turns. It houses thepins of a pin tumbler cylindermechanism or the discs and springs ofa disc tumbler cylinder mechanism.

Also known as the Barrel See alsoCylinder

Pocket LocksmithThe name of each segmental space ina lever which, while surrounding thebolt stump, allows the lever to rise andfall whether the lock bolt is in or out.



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Police Scientific DevelopmentBranch (PSDB)

Organisation

The Police and Home Officeorganisation for developingtechnologies for police use.

SandridgeSt AlbansHertfordshireAL4 9HQ

Postal handle BuildingA letter plate with a pull handle.

Postal knocker BuildingA letter plate with a pull handle, thelatter specially adapted and used as aknocker.

Power on arming VehicleIf an alarm reverts to the set statewhen the power supply is removedand returned to the alarm, it is said tohave power on arming.

Pressure mats AlarmThin mats sensitive to pressure whichcan be placed under carpets to detectan intruder walking on them.

Pre-position lens CCTVA pre-position lens is a zoom lenswhich has a number of user definablepre set positions such that the usercan rapidly view different areas withouthaving to manually adjust the zoomand focus.

Projection LocksmithThe distance that the tip of the bolt orlatch projects from the fore end of thelock measured in the direction ofthrow.

See also Throw and Engagement.

Proximity key AlarmVehicle

An electronic key that can be usedonly at short range (normally less than100mm) from the security systemreceiving device with no physicalinterconnection.



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PTZ CCTVAcronym for pan, tilt, zoom.

Rack bolt LocksmithA bolt, usually a door bolt, themechanism of which is toothed so thatit may be operated by a pinion.

Radial pin tumbler lock (RPT) LocksmithThe RPT lock has its pins and driversset parallel in a circular pattern. Thekey is tubular in form and has notchescut from the end to depress the pins tothe correct position to allow the lock toopen.

RPT locks may have as few as 4 pinsor up to 11 pins or more. The mostcommon variety has 7 pins. Thediameter of the lock and key may alsobe varied. Easy to use lockpicks arecheaply and readily available for themore common sizes.

Radiused fore end LocksmithA lock fore end which is shapedradially, for use on one of a pair ofswing doors.

Ram raid protection BuildingRam raid protection is the term usedfor a variety of technologies whichprevent a building being impacted by avehicle.

The ideal ram raid protection isdesigned in at the architectural stageof the building. This may consist ofsteps, moats or barriers. After thepremises are constructed options aremore limited and can include concretebarriers and steel posts.

RAM RFIDAcronym for Random Access Memory. A transponder or card memory that

stores information which can bereadily written or read.

Range finder CCTVA range finder is a device to determinewhat the camera image will look like.The user looks through the rangefinder and adjusts the image. Thesettings of the range finder will thengive the focal length of the lensrequired to give that image.

Read only RFIDTransponders that have a code thatcannot be altered.



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Read/write unit RFIDSee Base Station

Read/write RFIDTransponders that have a code thatcan be changed by the user orsystem.

Rebated (lock or latch) LocksmithA mortise lock or latch with a fore endspecially shaped to correspond withthe shaped meeting edge of the doorfor which it is intended. See FullRebated.

Rebate LocksmithThe measurement of the steppedreduction or recess in the fore end of arebated lock.

Redcare AlarmRedcare is a system for continuouslymonitoring a telephone line used foralarm purposes.

Redcare transmits a signal along thetelephone line (even when it is in use).Should the line be cut, this is reportedto the central station to enable theappropriate action to be taken.

Release LocksmithA striker which can be activatedelectronically to remotely release adoor.

Also known as an electric striker

Relocking device (relocker) SafeA locking mechanism independent ofany key operations, mounted remotelywithin a safe mechanism so as torelock the boltwork under certainforced attacks.

Remote arming AlarmVehicle

The use of a key fob (IR or RF)transmitter to arm the alarm system.

See Keyless Entry

Remote program AlarmThe ability to access the program inthe control box and make changes bytelephone link or similar.



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Repeat differs LocksmithThat supply of differs which have beenissued previously. This is usuallyassociated with master keyed suitesand where a replacement lock isrequired to have the same differ as theoriginal.

Resolution CCTVThe capacity of the CCTV system tosee detail.

The resolution of the system may bedue to the type of camera or themonitor or recording device.

Retained image CCTVA retained image occurs where therehas been a stationary light source.Due to the construction of the pickupdevice there may be a tendency forthe image to remain despite the lightsource being removed.

Also known as image burn.

Retaining ring Locksmith1) Usually a ring made of springmaterial which can be sprung open orclosed for getting into position in orderto retain some part or parts.2) a circlip.

Reversed bolt (RB) LocksmithA spring bolt which has been turnedround in its case to suit a door openingoutwards instead of inwards.

RF AlarmRadio Frequency. Used to describewireless transmission of signals.

RFID RFIDAcronym for Radio FrequencyIdentification.

A technology that uses RFcommunication to identify items bymeans of a transponder located uponthem.

RF RFIDAcronym for Radio Frequency.



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Rigid grilles LocksmithHeavy duty, welded construction, rodor bar grilles, usually fitted externallyor internally to the fabric of a building.

Rim cylinder LocksmithThis relates to a pack which usuallycomprises the cylinder with plug, rose,connecting bar, two connecting screwsand two keys.

Rim lock or latch LocksmithA lock or latch that is surface mountedon the inside face of the door orwindow.

Ringer VehicleA stolen vehicle disguised with theidentity of another legitimate vehiclewhich has been destroyed.

Roll CCTVRoll is the movement of the picture upor down the monitor screen. This iscaused by a loss of the vertical syncsignal.

Roller bolt LocksmithA spring bolt made in the form of aroller, instead of being bevelled.

It is recommended for more silent andeasier closing of a door. It does notneed reversing to alter the hand.

Rolling code AlarmVehicle

Where a RF or IR signal is transmittedbetween a key fob or a detector thismay be recorded and played back toovercome the system. A system usinga rolling code means that thetransmitted signal is changed eachtime it is broadcast thus preventingthis happening.

Also known as Code Hopping

ROM RFIDAcronym for read only memory. A transponder or card memory which

stores information which may be readbut cannot be deleted. Information isstored during manufacture.



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Rose Locksmith1) A cylinder rose or ring in cylinderlocks or latches. It is a shaped metaldisc which surrounds the outer face ofthe cylinder2) In door furniture, it is the small plateto which the lever handle or knob isaffixed and which is screwed to thedoor surface.

Rounded fore end LocksmithA fore end with rounded ends. It isused when the mortise for a fore endis cut out by router, usually bymachined manufacture of wood ormetal doors.

Safe lock LocksmithA general term for the many varietiesof key operated and other locks forsafes.

Safe SafeStorage unit which protects itscontents against burglary and whenclosed has at least one internal sideless than 1m in length.

European Standards definition.

Sash lock LocksmithSee Upright lock

Sash ward LocksmithUsed in rim and mortise locks, aloneor in conjunction with levers for thepurpose of obtaining or increasing thediffers. Formed pieces of concentricmetal are affixed around the inside ofthe keyhole. It also serves as akeyhole bush. The key passes overthese wards to operate the bolt.

Little security is given when sashwards are used by themselves. SeeSkeleton keys.



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Sash window BuildingThis type of window consists of twoglazed lights or sashes, verticallysliding in channels. These arebalanced with a cord and balanceweights or by balance springs. Theouter sash is on the outside of thewindow. The inner and outer sashesoverlap at the centre allowing thewindow to be secured by joining thetwo sashes together with fasteningdevices.

Scanner AlarmVehicle

Device that can scan radiofrequencies to detect a radio signalfrom an alarm system or settingdevice.

Scotch spring lock LocksmithA two-bolt rim lock with the reversiblespring bolt above or below thehorizontal plane of the follower. Thescotch spring tapers and its thickerend is fastened to the lock case, thethinner end bears on a pivoted armfixed to the end of the bolt. There isusually a cut-out in the cover to revealthe end of the spring.

Scotch tie BuildingSee Cross garnet hinge

Secured by Design OrganisationSecured by Design is an organisationrun by ACPO CPI Ltd withthe role of improving the securitystandards of buildings.

ACPO Crime Prevention Initiatives Ltd25, Victoria StreetLondonSW1H 0EX

Security bolt BuildingA barrel bolt or mortise bolt which canonly be withdrawn by the use of a key.

Also known as a Lockable Bolt

Security post VehicleA device which when installed willprevent theft of a vehicle by blockingits exit route.



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Security screw BuildingA screw designed so that it eithercannot be removed when fixed orwhich requires a restricted access toolto remove it.

See also Clutch Headed Screw

Security Systems and AlarmsInspection Board (SSAIB)

Organisation

The SSAIB provides an inspection andcertification of companies that design,install and maintain security systems.

SSAIB6 Northumberland PlaceNorth ShieldsTyne and WearNE30 1QP

Seismic detector AlarmA device designed to detect thevibrations caused when breakingglass, wood or other materials.

Self actuating bell (SAB) AlarmSee Local Audible Alarm

Sensor AlarmVehicle

See Detector

Serial interface RFIDA data channel that transfers datasequentially, one bit at a time.

Serial interfaces require fewerconnection wires than parallelinterfaces but at a cost in data transferspeed.

Servant key LocksmithThe key that opens one particular lockusually in a master keyed suite.

Also known as a Change Key

Set screw LocksmithOne which tightens or fastens anotherpart after assembly or adjustment.

Set AlarmVehicle

The state of an alarm system wherebyit can detect and alert an intrusion.

Also known as Armed.



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Setting AlarmVehicle

The process of putting the alarmsystem in a mode where it can detectand report intrusion.

Also known as Arming.

Shackle LocksmithThe hinged, sliding or swivelling loopshaped member of a padlock. Theheel of the shackle remains always inthe padlock body and the toe of theshackle comes out when unlocked.

A double locking padlock gives thegreatest security against forcingbecause there are two separate boltslocking outwards in oppositedirections, one into a niche in the heelof the shackle, and the other into thetoe of the shackle. This is sometimescalled heel and toe locking.

Shank (of key) LocksmithThe part of a pin or pipe key betweenthe bow and the end, excluding theblade.

Shear line LocksmithThe term is used to denote the line ofthe circumference of the plug in thebore of a pin tumbler cylinder.

Shock detector AlarmSee seismic detector.

Shock sensor AlarmVehicle

See Inertia Switch

Shoot bolt LocksmithUsually fitted to doors in pairs, theshoot bolts are thrown into the headand the sill by a central locking action.

Often fitted as part of a multipoint locksystem.

Shoot Locksmith1) The distance a spring bolt movesunder the action of its spring or key.Shoot applies more particularly tospring bolts, throw being a better wordfor dead bolts.2) The sliding part of a door bolt.



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Shoulder of key LocksmithSee Ear of Key

Shoulder (or bow stop) LocksmithThe projection or ear or shape thatcontrols the point at which a cylinderor disk tumbler comes to rest whenfully inserted into the lock. It is thedatum point from which spacing cutsare measured.

Shutter lock LocksmithSee Sliding Shackle Padlock

Side bar LocksmithThis is in addition to the existing pin ordisc mechanism, and is a bar usuallyalong the length of the mechanismand does not allow rotation until themechanism is correctly lifted and canbe directly controlled by the key.

Side wards LocksmithNotches cut into the sides of bittedkeys so fashioned to enable the key toturn.

Signal to noise ratio CCTVThe ratio between the desired videosignal and noise.

The higher the ratio the better thereceived video signal will be.

Silent alarm AlarmA system where the alarm signal isremote from the activated detector.

Often used in conjunction with adeliberately operated device.

SIM card RFIDAcronym for Subscriber IdentityModule.

A smart card used in mobile phones toidentify the subscriber.

Single bit RFIDA single bit transponder does not haveits own unique code but simplytransmits as 'on' or 'off' (1 or 0).

Single bit transponders are typicallyused as anti-shoplifting devices. Thetransponder is set at 'on' until it isturned 'off' at the point of sale. Thebase unit positioned at the shop exitwill sound an alert whenever atransponder switched to 'on' is takenout of the shop.



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Single-entry lock LocksmithSee One Sided Lock

Skeleton key LocksmithA key, the blade of which has been cutaway sufficiently to allow the blade topass any wards or obstructions withinthe lock and throw or retract the bolt.

There is no universal skeleton key.One has to be prepared for eachseries of warded locks. Skeleton keyscannot be made for lever and cylinderlock mechanisms.

Skimming RFIDSkimming is the technique of copyingthe magnetic stripe on a customer'scredit or debit card by swiping itthrough a card reader.

This information can then be used tomake counterfeit cards.

Slam Lock LocksmithA type of lock that self locks when thedoor is closed and requires a key tounlock.

See also Till Lock

Sliding grilles LocksmithSteel sliding grille gates in single ordouble leaf, running on top and bottomguide tracks, locked by padlock orintegral lock.

Sliding lever LocksmithA lever which slides between or onguides instead of swinging on a pivot..

Sliding shackle padlock LocksmithA padlock in which the shackle moveinto place by sliding rather than thetraditional rotary action.

Also known as a Shutter Lock

Smart card RFIDA chip card that has a microcontrollerbased IC embedded in it.

A smart card can store various data innon-volatile memory. Because there iscomputer architecture at the heart ofthese card ICs it is also possible tobuild in very high levels of computingpower and security.



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Smoke detector AlarmA device that detects the presence ofsmoke (usually carbon smoke). Thesemay be connected to the alarm systemfor local or remote fire warnings.

The two main types are ionisation andphotoelectric detectors.

SN Ratio CCTVSee Signal to Noise Ratio

Snib LocksmithSee Stop knob

Software lock immobilisation VehicleImmobilisation of vehicle systemsachieved by the direct input ofelectronic codes to original equipmentvehicle control units.

Sold Secure OrganisationSold Secure was set up by the BritishPolice and Government to test andapprove security devices. It is now runby the Master Locksmiths Association.

Sold Secure5C Great Central WayWoodford HalseDaventryNorthantsUKNN11 3PZ

email: [email protected]

Spacer LocksmithA distance piece of thin metal placedbetween the levers of some locks.

Spacing LocksmithThe term used to describe thehorizontal distances across a keyblade or bit.

Spindle LocksmithThat part of the door furniture usuallyof square section which passesthrough the follower hole and is fittedto the knobs or lever handles tooperate the spring bolt.



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Spiral spring Locksmith1) A spring made of wire toapproximately V shape like a featherspring; with one or more coils formedat the apex of the V to fit over a stumpin the lock case.2) A coil spring.

Split follower LocksmithSee Divided Follower

Spoon LocksmithThe flattened end of a padlock shacklecontaining the bolt hole or slot whichthe bolt enters.

Spring bolt LocksmithSometimes called the latch bolt or livebolt. A bolt having the outer edgeshaped by bevelling of the verticalface. It is a bolt which may be pushedback into the lock-case and will returnto the extended position withoutmechanical assistance.

Spring latch LocksmithA latch with one bevelled spring boltwhich locks the door when shut. It isopened by key from the outside andby knob from inside.

Spring shackle padlock LocksmithA padlock, the shackle of whichsprings open when unlocked, and islocked by snapping to.

Spring-loaded LocksmithMoved under the control of, or againstthe pull of, a spring fixed at one end.

SS 101 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Security Systems forMotorbikes.



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SS 102 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Security Systems forMotor Vehicles.

SS 103 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Security Systems forCaravans.

SS 104 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Security Systems forPedal Cycles.

SS 105 StandardSold Secure Specification for GroundAnchors.

SS 106 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Security Systems forMotor Scooters.

SS 107 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Locks for Motor Vehicles.

SS 108 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Security Systems forConstruction Industrial and AgriculturalEquipment and Associated Trailers.

SS 109 StandardSold Secure Specification for LockingWheel Nuts.

SS 201 StandardSold Secure Specification forElectrical/Electronic Security Systemsfor Motorbikes.

SS 202 StandardSold Secure Specification forElectrical/Electronic Security Systemsfor Motor Vehicles.



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SS 203 StandardSold Secure Specification for TrackingSystems for Motor Vehicles.

SS 204 StandardSold Secure Specification forElectronic Security Systems forConstruction Industrial and AgriculturalEquipment and Associated Trailers.

SS 205 StandardSold Secure Specification forElectronic Alarm Systems forCaravans.

Draft

SS 206 StandardSold Secure Specification forElectrical/Electronic Security Systemsfor Motor Scooters.

SS 301 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical Security Systems forDomestic Buildings.

SS 302 StandardSold Secure Specification for SecurityCabinets for Fire Arms.

SS 303 StandardSold Secure Specification for HighSecurity Padlocks for GeneralApplications.

SS 304 StandardSold Secure Specification for SecurityCabinets and Domestic Safes.

SS 305 StandardSold Secure Specification for AssetMarking Systems for Vehicles.

Draft

SS 306 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical, Domestic Door andWindow Security Systems.



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SS 307 StandardSold Secure Specification for HighSecurity Chain for GeneralApplications.

SS 308 StandardSold Secure Specification forMechanical, Commercial DoorSecurity Systems.

SS 401 StandardSold Secure Specification for theSecurity Assessment of WholeVehicles.

SS 402 StandardSold Secure Specification for theAssessment of Whole Vehicle Securityfor Construction Industrial andAgricultural Equipment and AssociatedTrailers.

Stand by battery AlarmA battery which powers the alarmsystem should the main power supplyfail.

Also known as a Back Up Battery

Staple Locksmith1) A box-like fitting on the jamb of aninward opening door, and into whichthe bolt of a rim latch or lock shootswhen the door is closed. (It issometimes referred to in Scotland andthe North of England as a Boss head).Some staples are lipped to act as aguide for the spring bolt.2) Part of a hasp and staple for usewith a padlock. The padlock shacklepasses through the eye or hole in thestaple.

Status indication AlarmVehicle

A function or component of thesecurity system which can indicate thestatus of the security system.



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Status AlarmVehicle

The operating condition of the securitysystem, such as set, unset or alarmcondition.

Stay BuildingSee casement stay, friction stay

Steel lining BuildingSteel sheet linings applied to externalor both faces of a door, usuallyscrewed and bolted through.

Stile LocksmithA vertical edge member of a door leaf.

Stop button(s) LocksmithThere are generally two in number.They are incorporated in the fore endof certain cylinder mortise nightlatchesor locks. One button, when depressed,renders the outside furnitureinoperable and the other, whendepressed, restores the power ofoperation. They are useful for privacyand on vestibule doors. They aresometimes referred to as stopworks.

Stop knob LocksmithA device incorporated in some latchesand locking latches to hold the boltretracted or deadlock the bolt whendoor is closed.

Also known as a Snib or Hold BackStop

Straight cabinet lock LocksmithA cabinet lock, with no flange on thecase, for flush fitting to cupboards anddrawers.

Stress detector AlarmA detector which monitors the stress ina beam or floor and causes an alarmcondition if the stress level is changedby someone walking on it.



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Striking plate LocksmithIt is a shaped flat metal plate fixed tothe door frame or jamb with one ormore bolt holes into which the bolt orbolts shoot. There is often a shapedprojecting lip on one side to guide thespring bolt.

Also known as a striker, locking plate,keep or keeper.

Strobe light AlarmVehicle

To readily indicate where an audiblealarm is emanating from, a flashing orstrobe light may be used.

Noise pollution regulation requires thataudible alarms should be shut off aftera limited period. Strobe lights maycontinue to operate after this time togive continued indication of the alarmcondition.

Strongroom SafeStorage unit which protects againstburglary and when closed has internalside lengths in all directions greaterthan 1m.

European Standards definition.

Sub grand master key LocksmithA key which will operate all locks in itsown main group or (sub-grand suite)of a (grand) master keyed system.

Sub master key LocksmithA key which will operate all locks in itsown smaller group (or sub-suite) of a(grand) master keyed system.

Suite (of locks) LocksmithA group or collection of locks and/orpadlocks of different Differsincorporated together under a masterkey or grand master key system.

Switcher CCTVA device which is able to route severalcamera signals to a single monitor insequence.

T Hinge BuildingSee Cross Garnet Hinge



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Tag RFIDSee Transponder also known as aData Carrier.

Talon LocksmithThe gap that in a dead bolt lathe orrunner of a lever lock where the keyengages the bolt.

Technician code AlarmAn alphanumeric code that is requiredby the alarm system prior to thechanging of various technical featuresin its setup.

The technician code can usually beset to require the user code to be inputprior to the technician code. Thisprevents unauthorised modificationsbeing made without the ownersconsent.

Telemetry transmitter CCTVThe unit, at the control centre, thatallows remote control of the PTZ of thecameras.

Throating LocksmithThe space between the collar and thenearer edge of the bit of two sidedkeys.

Throw LocksmithBolts latched with linear movement.-The distance that the tip of the latch orbolt travels from the unlocked to thelocked position measuredperpendicular to the fore end of thelock.Bolts latched with circular movement. -The distance that the tip of the latch orbolt travels from the unlocked to thelocked position measured parallel tothe fore end of the lock.

See also Projection and Engagement.

Thumb turn LocksmithA small fitting, on the inside of a lock,which is gripped between thumb andfinger to operate the bolt.

It is inadvisable to incorporate a thumbturn on any lock which is used onglass or wood panelled doors.



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Tie bars BuildingThe horizontal members of a verticalbar grille.

Till lock LocksmithA drawer lock, or a cabinet lock, thatself locks when the drawer is closed. Itis self-closing and is unlocked by key.

See also Slam Lock

Tilt switch AlarmVehicle

A sensor which generates an alarmcondition when it is tilted more than aprescribed amount.

Often used on vehicles to deter towingaway.

Tilt turn window BuildingA style of window often found inmainland Europe. It has two openingoptions depending on handle position.It can tilt back into the room to providea small opening for ventilation or it canhinge sideways into the room toprovide a large opening moreventilation or cleaning.

Time lock LocksmithA clockwork or electric timing devicewhich allows only a short period inwhich the lock may be operated.

Often used for a safe or strongroom.

Toe LocksmithThe extreme tip of a bitted key.

Touch key BuildingAlarmVehicle

An electronic (or similar) key whichactivates the lock or alarm systemsimply by placing the key into areceptacle.



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Toughened glass BuildingVehicle

Toughened glass is a safety glassmade by placing annealed glass in anoven and quenching it on removal.

Typically toughened glass is aroundeight times stronger than standardannealed glass and when it breaks itforms a multitude of tiny fragments.Although it is tough, it is veryvulnerable to being broken by a sharppoint such as a centre punch. Inhousing it is often found in lowwindows, doors and other risk areas.Due to its manner of breakage it offersno security, its value is as a safetyglass.

Tower bolt BuildingA device where a shoot runs throughmetal staples attached to a backplateand is exposed for the greater partlength. The shoot is provided with aknob or similar for operation by hand.

See also Barrel bolt

Tracking system TrackingVehicle

A tracking system is a device that willbroadcast the location of a vehiclewhen it is stolen.

There are two main types of trackingsystems. Older designs use radiosignals to convey the vehicle'sposition. Newer designs use acombination of GPS and GSMtechnologies to report the vehicle'sposition. Both the system types havetheir own advantages anddisadvantages.

Tracking CCTVTracking is the zoom len's ability toremain in focus during the entire zoomrange from wide angle to telephotoposition.

Transom BuildingA fixed horizontal member betweenwindow lights.



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Transponder AlarmVehicle

A transponder is a device, which whenelectronically interrogated, respondswith its own code.

Alarm transponders are usuallypassive devices which only respond tothe appropriate radio signal. They canbe used as a form of electronicmarking or as an electronic key.

Transponder RFIDThe unit carrying the identificationcode, one of which is placed on eachitem to be identified.

The transponder unit contains amemory, a transmitter and a receiverin a single unit. Depending on thedesign other features may also bepresent. Also known as a Tag or aData Carrier

Tubing and wiring AlarmTubing and wiring is a type ofcontinuous wiring used to securewindows.

The continuous wire is passed throughlight metal tubes set in a frame.Should the wire be broken then analarm condition is generated.

Tubular mortise lock or latch LocksmithA lock or latch so designed that thecase is tubular in form. The fitting ofthis type of latch requires only thedrilling of a round hole into the edge ofthe door into which the lock or latch isfitted, and secured in position byscrews in the fore end. It is veryeconomical in fitting time.

Also known as a Bored Lock/Latch Set

Tumbler LocksmithA movable detainer which must belifted before the key can rotate and thebolt of the lock can move.

Two step unlock VehicleA single press on the key fobtransmitter will only unlock the driver'sdoor. A second press will unlock allthe other doors.

An anti hijack feature designed to stopintruders entering through thepassenger doors of the vehicle orremoving items from the boot whilstthe vehicle is stationary.



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Ultra Violet (UV) Marking MarkingProperty

UV marking is a covert markingsystem applied using a special pen.Once applied the marks can only beenseem using a UV light.

UV marks generally fade over time soneed to be reapplied periodically.

Ultrasonic detector AlarmVehicle

An ultrasonic detector is a volumetricdetector which uses changes in theultrasound pattern to detect anintrusion.

The detector consists of a transmitterand a receiver in one unit. The unittransmits the ultrasound and thereceiver records the ultrasoundreflections from the room. Should anintrusion occur then the pattern ofreflection will change and the detectorwill generate an alarm condition.Ultrasonic detectors are sensitive to airmovements so care is needed in theirinstallation to prevent false alarms.

Uncoded system (asset marking) MarkingPropertyVehicle

An uncoded system is one where themarking text is readily referenced tothe asset owner. This could include:VIN numbers, vehicle registrationnumbers or postcodes.

Unset AlarmVehicle

The state of an alarm system wherean alarm condition cannot normally beindicated.

Upright lock LocksmithAn upright mortise lock, consisting of alatch bolt and a key operated bolt. Thecase is narrow and the centres of thefollower hole and keyhole are in thesame vertical plane.

Also known as a sash lock.



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User code AlarmA code that is input by the authoriseduser of the alarm system to set, unsetand possibly program the system.

User codes should be chosen atrandom and not consist of names orother words. They should be changedon a regular basis and wheneveranyone who knows the code ceases tohave authorised access.

Valuable PropertyArticles of value including money.

Vee cuts (of key) LocksmithThe tumbler cuts in pin tumbler, disctumbler and similar keys.

Vehicle Crime Reduction ActionTeam (VCRAT)

Organisation

The Home Office organisation chargedwith reducing vehicle crime.

Vertical bar grille BuildingA permanently fixed security grilleplaced either inside or outside awindow.

Usually the bars are of steel and arejoined by Tie Bars to prevent thembeing spread by jacks or similarimplements.

Video motion detection CCTVA system that uses the video signalfrom a camera to determine if there isany movement in the picture. This maybe used to increase the dwell time orset off an alarm.

Also known as Activity Detection

VIN VehicleVehicle identification number; a unique17 character alphanumeric numberwhich is assigned to a vehicle.

VIN numbers are affixed to the vehicleby the vast majority of the world's carmanufacturers.

Visible VIN VehicleA VIN plate attached to the vehicle insuch a way that it can easily be readfrom outside of the vehicle. This isusually mounted on the dash panelsuch that it is visible through thewindscreen.



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Voltage drop VehicleSee Current Sensing

Volumetric detector AlarmA detector which monitors an area forintrusion.

Examples of volumetric detectors aremicrowave, ultrasonic and passiveinfra red.

Wafer tumblers LocksmithAn American name for Disc Tumblers.

Walk test AlarmA function of the alarm system thatpermits a user to test the operation ofeach detector.

A walk test should be carried out on aregular basis according to themanufacturer's instructions.

Warded lock LocksmithAny lock or padlock, the mechanism ofwhich makes use only of wards.

Not recommended due to lack ofsecurity.

Ward LocksmithFixed obstructions inside a lock caseto preclude the use of wrong key, asthe key is cut to pass over the wardsand operate the lock. They aresometimes used in lever locks to giveincreased differs.

Wards alone give very little security.See Skeleton Key.

Warn away VehicleA system that uses perimeterdetection to deter potential thieves bysounding the horn or flashing the lightsetc. when the vehicle's perimeter isapproached.

Watch zone AlarmSee Chime Zone



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Wheel ward LocksmithThis kind is often seen in cabinetlocks. There may be one or morewards made of sheet metal of differentheights bent into a curve. If fixeddirectly under the keyhole, the keycannot enter fully unless notched tosuit. If the wards are fixed at the sideof the keyhole, the key may be able toenter but cannot turn unless the cutsin the bit correspond with the wards. Alarge number of differs can beprovided with this type of ward.

Window glass BuildingSee Annealed glass

Wire free key AlarmVehicle

An electronic key that may be used ata medium to long range from thesecurity system (normally greater than100mm) with no physicalinterconnection.

Wireless AlarmAn alarm system which that uses RFto send alarm signals from thedetectors to the control box.

Some systems will also transmit thestatus of the detector and its battery.These systems will alert you if adetector is malfunctioning.

WMRM RFIDAcronym for write many, read many. A WMRM transponder can have its

code changed many times during itslife. This may be of use if thetransponder is on a reusable shippingcontainer where the code indicates thecontents. Some WMRM transpondersrequire a password before their codeis changed thus giving a measure ofsecurity.

Wooden stock lock LocksmithSee Banbury lock



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WORM RFIDAcronym for write once, read many. A WORM transponder may have its

code written by the user or supplier.This code cannot be changed but canbe read many times. This enables thesupplier to set the code to ameaningful number (e.g. a vehicle VINnumber).

Zone AlarmOften the detectors in alarm systemsmay be grouped into zones. Thisallows simple setting of parts of thealarm systems.

Zones may be geographic in nature sothat one part of the premises can beprotected whilst other areas are stilloccupied or may consist of differentapplications such as fire detectors orDeliberately Operated Devices whichrequire 24 hour coverage.

Zoom lens CCTVA zoom lens is one in which the focallength can be changed such that it canbe used as a wide angle, standard ortelephoto lens.

24 hour circuits - sold secure · alike change locksmith more than one lock or latch which can be...

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