ID.c~RSAL FISHES

[Iemersal Fish Resources: Composition, ID ribution, and Commercial P ot e n t i a I of t: ~ ontinental Shelf Stocks off Southeaster n ill.ed States," by Paul St r uhsaker, ' Fishery

trial Research,' Vol. 4 , No . 7, Fish & \V'\.:l. ife Service, Department of the Interior, 1.1 ,I, pp. 261-300, illu s. Available from ID sion of Publications, 1801 N . Moore St., L.!\:n.gton, Va. 2220 9.

h e Bureau of Commercial Fisheries and o:a agencies have been exploring the waters tb e ring the s out he aste r n U. S. since 1950. ':T. e xploratory fishing ve s sel ' Silver Bay' CC:: llcted trawling explor at i ons for offshore cd. ersal f is h e s in this area from 1959 to IL :. This repor t summar izes and evaluates tt :e sults.

h e primary purpose of the explorations \\it\ to determine the commercial potential GO IE! offshore deme r s a l stocks. There were tt: other aims - -to find offshore concentra­tt: l of species t hat coul d be use dimmed­iL J by the fishing industry, and to obtain a E Ire of the dist ribution and availability of C E r sal fish stocks a s they are related to tt llm eral features of the shelf environment.

h e most produ ctive grounds were found . o rtheastern Florida and South Carolina,

; a~ugh isolated productive areas occurred ; - most of the s outheastern coast. Mr. ; - saker reports that moderate -to -large 'lC!:he? of snappers, groupers, porgies, and ' 1EloglCally associated s pecies can be con-;~e ntly made with r oller - rigged New Eng­::Jti-type fish trawls. He estimates, con­

ft;atively, that proper u s e of the resources :~ d at least double the pre s ent annual land-

of snappers and groupers in the area.

rhe report includes a fishing log and chart :> stations, where catches of commercial were made, and a list of demersal fishes n .during the exploration, wit h notations i1.elr occurrences in the t rawl c atches .

25

DOLPHINS

"The Dolphin, Cousin to Man," by Robert Stenuit, Sterling P ublishing Co., New York, 1968, xv + 176 pp ., illus.

Robert S ten u it, oc eanogr apher, world­famous diver and author, has been deeply in ­terested in dolphins sinc e hi s first contact with them in 1964. In this fascinating intro­duction to the study of dolphins, he discusse s all aspects - -b i 0 log y, intelligence, domes­ticability- -and their future as active partners with man in exploitation of the sea.

FRESHWATER FISH

"Methods for Assessment of Fish P roduc­tion in Fresh Waters," International Biologi­cal Program Handbook No .3, edited by W. E. Ric k e r, Blackwell Sc ientific Publications, Oxford & Edinburgh, 1968,313 pp., illus.

This is a companion volume to the "Bio­logical Bas i s of Freshwater Fish Produc­tion" (CFR, De c. 1968). It is aimed at bi-0l ogists who have basic university training in zoology and some knowledge of ecology and freshwater biology, but with no special experi­ence in research on fish. With the aid of this handbook, such biologists will be able to carry out worthwhile and rewarding research infish production in any part of the world .

FISH 'VOICES'

"An Atlas of Fish Sounds," edited by B.P. Manteifel (in serial report 'Translations of USSR Resources No. 3 1), JPRS Trans. No . 47.707,46 pp., $3. Available from Clearing­house, U.S. Department of Commerce, Sprin[5 field, Va. 22151.

Published in the USSR in 1968, this atlas contains d a t a on the characteristics of the 'voices' of 7 9 species of cartilaginous and bony f ish e s, mostly mar i n e. It includes sounds of feeding, maneuvering of schools, threat, and 0 the r s . It gives the taxonomic

26

position of the fishes and d . crih lh 1 i -logical significanc and physical char ac 1'1 -

istics of fish sound . Th onginal vi t pub­lication included sound gl aphs and phon) disc with l' cording illustrating 'voc I ' abIli­ties of c rtain speci s, but th ar not 10-eluded with th translation .

FISH Fh TDI

"Fish Location by Hydroac ustlc [ VlC s," by V.G. Azhazha and l~ .. hishk va,l Ish h promizdat, Ioscow, 1 O. I'ansla 1 n TT 67 -51265, 1 68, 113 pp., IHus. . 0 -partment of Comm rc, 1 Springfi ld, Va. 22151.

This is a ~oviet textbo k on h use hydroacoustic instrumen s on scou In an flshmgvessels. It expla10s th physlcal prm ciples of fish finding, sonar computations, an the practical aspects of usmg hydroacous 1

equipment. Th ovi t-mad EL 5r 1 d -scnbed ill d tall b au::; 1t ll1corporat all the elements typical of other typ h sounders.

FISH HOLDS

"CarE.' of Fish Holds," b \ ayne 1. Tr tsv n, IFlshery Industnal Research,' Vol. 4, o. 6, ::'96~, Fish & Wildlife ervice, D par ment of the Interior, \\ ashington, D. C. Availabl from DlVlsion of Publications, 1801 l • l\.oore t., Ar~ington, Va. 22209.

Holds in fishing vessels have long been a prOblem. Difficult or impossible to cl an, they are often the caUSe of unnecessary spoil­age of fish. 1\1r. Tretsven suggests methods of cleaning and sanitizing the hold, and ap­plying a preservative to wooden holds. He recommends an approved fungicide for treat­ment of wood in the holds . Reporting on the effectiveness of lining the hold with polyethy­lene sheeting, he concludes that it is a prac­tical method for keeping f ish and ice from contact with the hold, and for keeping the hold clean and dry .

IAH ET! (

m rc , 22151.

illgton, D. 11 atlOns,

220 .

EDT tiall ' ful, an

tab 1 I 1 z olor, r tard th 11 UV1t ,inhIbit nzym -catalyzed cha

ill fl VOl', and to inh1bit the ro "th of bact Sll1ce EDT A often u:; applied by s pr yir dipping the seafoo ,the amount of E actually add d mu:;t b determin d by a abl quantltati' method.

This pap r describes a SImple and l'lj; method gi ing abou t 90% reco\'e ry of ad EDTA from fish flesh and crab meat.

''l\Iarine Corrosion," by T. Howard Rage: George ewne s Ltd ., London, 1968, 307 p­illus.

Corros ion is an insidious consumer of s t ocks of raw materials, a squanderer of productive capacity, and a dissipator of fruits of our labors.

e sys tematic study of the corrosion of IJr, ' s stems only from the end of the first '"\ .d War. De spite the great technological

aa...( Ilce s since then, there is still no cheap (Z< . ruction steel alloy with any better cor­n- pn resis tance to sea water than was avail­aa...l tOO years ago .

lere is a large volume of corrosion lit­e;e, -are, but it is distributed over a wide

: of scientific and trade journals. lVIr. R s has attempted to cover the corrosion

: I ems of the marine and ship building in­d ~ie s in a single volume.

CO NOGRAPHY

rhe Waters of the Sea, II by p. Groen, D. \'.J . ostrand, Princeton, ~.J., xiv + 328 pp., t:. L

is 1S a book about the sea, with particu­L ~ eference to its physics. A highly read­c ... and descriptive work, it is intended pri­r::r.ly for stu den t s of geography, marine !oS gy, marine biology, and students in nau­t; i schools . It covers exploration of the c::::> s, water of the sea, sea ice, waves, ebb ca low ocean currents, and energy xchange L Ie oceans.

• )pening Oysters and Other Bivalves Us-L . icrowave Energy," by Joseph ;\1. l\Ien­

n, et . al. IFishery Industrial Research, I '1, o . 7, Fish & \Vildlife Service, De-

E • ent of the Interior, Washington, D.C., fP '11-248, illus. Available from Division ( lications, BCF, 1801 1T. Moore St., . - • gton, Va. 22209.

pening the shells of oysters and of other -ves is d iff i cuI t, time -consuming, and

It;: " tially dangerous. The rate of produc­t it of an inexperienced shucker is so low I tt he cannot earn the wages he must re­fC ~underminimumwage laws. This paper fC .lSSeS the microwave process, and con­I cc ~s that it is more efficient and less ex­I a:: .ive than shucking by hand.

' :': RGEON

. < Age, Gr owth, Food, and Yield of the White

.~ geon (Acipenser transmontanus) of the ;ser River, British Columbia, If by S. N. ' akula and p. A. Larkin article, 'Journal

. . e F isheries Research Board of Canada,' 25, No. 12, 1968, pp. 2589-2602, illus.

27

The Fraser River white sturgeon fishery rose from 80,000 pounds in 1880 to a peak of 1 million pounds in 1897. Despite regula­tions dating from 1911, catches have declined steadily. Since 1918, commercial catch has ranged from 10-50,000 pounds annually. The sport f ish e r y might take an additional 20-30,000 pounds a year.

This report con c 1 u des that a sustained yield of about 25% more than the present catch is possible; also, a trial fishery for 2 or 3 years, taking about 100,000 pounds per year, may be warranted.

TESTING EQUIPMENT

"An Improved Fish Measuring Board," by C. W. Woods, Publication No. 125, Fisheries Research Dlvision, Marine Department, Well­ington, . Z. Reprinted from 'N. Z. Jl. mar. Freshwat. Res. I, Vol. 2, No.4, pp. 678 -83, illus.

Measurements of fish length are subject to many forms of error; one is number bias. This may be unimportant if the measurements are made to a greater accuracy than is re­quired for analysis, but it can was t e time. C. W. Woods describes a fish-measuring board that per mit s rapid and easy length measurement to be m ade without a number bias .

TUNA

"Tuna Dis t rib uti 0 n & Migration," by Hiroshi Nakamura, F ish i n g News (Books) Ltd., London, 1969, 76 pp., illus.

Water temperature has long bee n con­sidered a primary factor in controlling fish distribution. On the basis of data on occurr­ence' s i z e composition, spawning, feeding, etc., of tunas, Nakamura published a set of hypotheses on the distribution and migrations of tunal in relation to ocean currents in 1954. This book revises his hypotheses in the light of information obtained since then. All the results of his investigations seem to support his opinion that" an area covered by a certain ocean current is a distinct habitat of tunas, a discrete ecological sphere."

SALES PROMOTION

liThe Nautical Way, II Boo k Department, Institutions Magazine, Chicago, 1969, 104 pp., illus., $3.95.

28

This book is a sales -promotion effort for fish and seafood. It includes information on food service operations, equipment, products and purchasing, preparation recommenda­tions' merchandising ideas, and 100 fish and seafood recipes.

TURTLES

'b n the Coast of Tamaulipas," by Humberto Chavez, Martin Contreras G., and T. p. E duardo Hernandez D., reprinted from 'Inter­national Turtle & Tortoise Society Journal,' Vol. 2, Nos. 4 & 5, 1968, 21 pp., illus.

The region of Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas, is the only important nesting zone of the ridley t u rtle , Lepidochelys kempi (Garman) in its en t ire geographic distribution. Sale of its eggs is forbidden by Mexican law. However, in 1963, it was estimated conservatively that 80 to 900/0 of the nests were destroyed by men on the day of their construction.

An arrival of 40,000 specimens was re­corded in 1947. But by 1966 the largest ar­rival observed had less than 2,000 turtles. A progra m t o study their biol ogy, and to de­velop a plan to protect them, was initiated by the Mexican p overnment in 1966. This is a repor t on a 3z- -month study made in 1966. It includes a description of the turtle's nesting and b io logy .

VANISHING SPECIES

"The C anter bury Mudfish, Galaxias bur­rowsius Phillips, A Vanishing Spec ies,""by W. Skrzynski, Publication No. 122, Fisheries Research Division, Marine Dept., Wellington, N. Z. Reprinted from 'N. Z.Jl. mar . &

Freshwat. Res.', Vol. 2, No.4. Dec . 1968 , , 688 -87, illus.

Galaxias burrowsius is able to sur vivE) of water in damp earth for long periods can be assumed that it occupies isolated ters that dry periodically, and where it p ably has no competition from other fish. w ate r s, once com m 0 n on the Canter L

Plains, have been almost eliminated by dr ing or connection to rivers and artifi : channels. Mr. Skrzynski, believing it unli that ..G.. burrowsius will continue to sur has summarized all available informatio it in this paper.

WHALES

"The Whale," Simon & Schuster, NewYoJ 1968, 287 pp., illus., $20 .

This is a beautiful book; it contains 2 illustrations, 87 in full color, including dra' ings, paintings, ancient woodcuts, old whali prints, and ph 0 tog rap h s of contempora whaling operations. But it is far more thaI book to look at. It tells the myths and stori of whales throughout history . It includei complete natural history of every species whale and dolphin. And it provides a detail, history and description of whaling from e ~ liest times to the present. A most compl E and definitive review of a fascinating cre ture.

The main author and supervising edito the former director of the Zoological Sod of London, Dr. Le onard Harrison Matthe F. R. S. Scientists from the important wha~ countries have helped to make the book apr uct of com pIe t e international cooperati

- - Barbara Lu