25767581-pakistan-military-and-politics

8/7/2019 25767581-Pakistan-Military-and-Politics

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IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,THE BENEFICIENT AND THE MERCIFUL.


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THE PASSIONATETHE PASSIONATE

ICONS..ICONS..

THE BEST NEVER REST!!!!THE BEST NEVER REST!!!!


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Shahid Iqbal

Somaya MukhtarSyeda TaskeenWaqas Ahmad

Yasir Muhib

Together we are.The Passionate Icons!!!

pi


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PAKISTANMILITARY AND

POLITICS


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PAKISTAN MILITARY AND POLITICS

INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

ARMY COMAND AND STRUCTURE

DEFENSE BUDGET

COMPARISON WITH INDIA

FOREIGN MILITARY RELATIONS

PAKISTAN NUCLEAR DOCTRINE

ARMYS INTERVENTION IN POLITICS

ARMY AND FUTURE


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INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND


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The Pakistan Armed Forces are the overall unified military forces of Pakistan.The Pakistan military was first formed when the nation achievedindependence from the British Empire in 1947.

Before 1947, most military officers of newly formed Pakistan Armed Forceshad served in the British colonial army.

After independence, the military was supposed to have been divided betweenIndia and Pakistan with a ratio of 64% and 36% respectively; however, India

refused to divide its share of equipment and Pakistan inherited a mere 15% ofits allocated share.

Post-independence, it has fought three wars against India, several borderskirmishes with Afghanistan and against the Soviet Union which occupied

Afghanistan in 1979.

The Military of Pakistan has participated in several United Nationspeacekeeping operations.


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The Army, Navy and Air Force were commissioned in 1947 in anticipation of

potential hostilities against India.

Approximately 650,000 personnel are on active duty in the military which isthe world's 7th largest armed force (as of 2008).

Combined with the 302,000 strong Paramilitary forces and 520,000 in

reserve, the Military of Pakistan has a total size of nearly 1,400,000

personnel.


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ARMY COMMAND AND STRUCTURE


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Commissioned

Officers

Jr.

Commissioned Officers Non Commissioned

Officers

General Honorary Captain Battalion Havildar

Major

Lieutenant

General

Honorary Lieutenant Battalion

Quartermaster Havilda

r

Major Subedar Major Company Havildar Major

General Brigadier Subedar Company Quartermaster

Havildar

ColonelLieutenant Naib Subedar Havildar

Colonel Naik

Major Lance Naik

Captain


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JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF


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FOREIGN

MILITARYRELATIONS


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PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF

CHINA

fighter aircraft, K-8 Karakorum advance training aircraft, spacetechnology, China has been a steady source of military equipmentand has cooperated with Pakistan in setting up weapons productionand modernization facilities.

They are also actively involved in the joint venture of severalprojects to enhance each others' military needs, including JF-17

Thunder AWACS, Al Khalid tank, missiles and many other projects.

The two countries also held several military exercises together tofurther deepen and enhance cooperation between the two armed

forces.


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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Pakistan's has had an on-again and off-again relationship with the UnitedStates.

When relations were good, this meant access to funds, sophisticated

weaponry and training.

When relations were bad, it meant bitter disillusionment and the severing of

support at critical junctures.

After the attacks of September 11, Pakistan received a huge increase in

military aid from America. In the three years before the attacks ofSeptember 11, Pakistan received approximately $9 million in American military

aid.

Pakistan has also been receiving F-16 Air crafts from USA.


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FRANCE

France is also actively involved in building and maintaining an alliancewith Pakistan within the defense industry.

A key note of this defense alliance was the joint-venture of Agosta

90B submarines for the Pakistan Navy and the Mirage fighter

aircraft for the Pakistan Air Force, being the largest operator of

Mirage III and V aircraft after the French Air Force.


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MIDDLE EASTREN

COUNTRIES

The Pakistani military's close ties to the nations of the Middle East are basedon a combination of geography and shared religion.

much of the equipment bought from the United States during the 1980s, waspaid for by the Saudi Arabia.

Beginning in the 1960s, Pakistanis have been detailed as instructors andtrainers in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria, Libya, Kuwait, and the United ArabEmirates.

Pakistani pilots, sailors, and technicians have played key roles in some PersianGulf military forces, and Arabs have been trained both in their home countriesand in military training establishments in Pakistan.


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ISLAMIC REPUBLIC

OF IRAN

Pakistan enjoyed strong military relations with Iran during the Shahera. Both Pakistan and Iran were in the American camp opposing theSoviet Union and its allies.

During the 1965 war of Pakistan with India the Shah provided freefuel to the Pakistani planes that used to land on Iranian soil, refueland the take off.

Iran sent its Military officers and personnel to be trained in

Pakistani academies when military and diplomatic ties with the USAwere severed following the hostage taking of the US Embassy.


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PAKISTAN NUCLEAR

DOCTRINE


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The Pakistan military possesses nuclear weapons and sufficient means,through a range of missiles and aircraft to deliver these over considerably

long distances.

Unlike India, Pakistan does not have no-first-use policy and maintains the useof nuclear weapons as a deterrent to India to offset the large conventional

advantage India enjoys over Pakistan.Pakistan is not a part of the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT), citingconcerns that it unfairly favors the established nuclear powers, and providesno provision for complete nuclear disarmament.

The Strategic Nuclear Command forms part of Pakistan's National CommandAuthority which is responsible for the management of the country's tacticaland strategic nuclear weapons.


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WOMEN AND

MINORITIES IN

MILITARY


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PAKISTAN Military now provides equal opportunities to women and also to

minorities for joining any of the Armed forces.

PAF now recruits females as pilots and other prestigious posts.

..\Desktop\PAKISTAN AIR FORCE WOMEN PILOT.flv


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Pakistan is spending 4.5 percent of the GDP on defense.

Pakistans defense budget for the 2008-09 fiscal year starting 1 July was

raised by 7.6 percent from Rs. 275 billion in 2007-08 to Rs. 296.07 billion($4.4 billion).

Of Rs 296 billion, a major portion of Rs 294.9 billion have been allocated tomilitary defense and Rs 1.17 billion to defense administration.

Of military defense allocation, Rs 99 billion is spent on employees relatedexpenses.

The operating expenses are Rs 82.84 billion and the cost of physical assets

Rs 87.63 billion.

The army will spend Rs 25.73 billion on civil works.


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COMPARISON OF PAKISTANIAND INDIAN MILITARY


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Military Budgets and

Economic Impact

Pakistans defense budget for the year 2006-07 was $4.1 billion (3%

of GDP) in response to Indias hike in defense budget of 2006-07 at

$20.11 billion (2.5% of GDP).

Indias ambitious budget prompted Pakistan to up its own military

budget, despite the countrys widespread poverty and socio-political

problems.

Considering that India has a far larger economy overall, its military

budget is also several times larger, despite being a smaller share of

Indias GDP.


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Manpower and

Ground Forces

India has the second largest military manpower in the world - at 3,773,300personnel, next only to China.

In terms of both numbers and equipments, Indian military dominates thePakistani ground forces.

Pakistans manpower of 1,449,000 personnel, although smaller in numbers, isproportionally higher than India in terms of their population ratios.

Pakistans ground forces are equipped with American or Chinese weapons likeFIM 92 Stinger SAMs, BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missiles, T-82 tanks and other

equipments.Indian ground forces are equipped with mostly home-made and Soviettechnologies like IR guided 9K35 Strela-10 SAMs, 3rd Gen IR guided Nag anti-tank missiles, UAVs and a large inventory of tanks and support vehicles.


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Comparison of Air

Forces

Indian Air Force (IAF) has over 170,000 personnel and 3,382 aircrafts, ofwhich 1,330 are combat aircrafts operating off 61 airbases - making it thefourth largest air force in the world.

Indias strike fighters consist of Russian and French aircrafts like MikoyanMiG-29, Dassault Mirage 2000, Sukhoi Su-30.

Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has about 530 combat aircrafts and 65,000 activepersonnel, operating out of 9 airbases.

Its strike fighters consist of US, Chinese and ageing French fighters like F-16

Fighting Falcon, JF-17 Thunder and Dassault Mirage ROSE-III. It also hastransport aircrafts like Lockheed Martin C-130 and Airbus A310.


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Ballistic and Cruise

Missile Proliferation

In the nuclear delivery front, both India and Pakistan have a series of ballistic and cruisemissiles in addition to ground attack aircrafts.

The maximum range among Indias operational ballistic missiles is 2000 km achieved byAgni-2. Indias Agni ballistic missiles are indigenously developed by its own missile defenseindustry known as IGMDP.

The maximum range among Pakistans missiles is by Hatf V Gauri which is reported to doover 2200 kms.

Pakistans Hatf missiles are based on North Korean No-Dong series of IRBMs.

Both Pakistans Hatf and Indias Agni ballistic missiles are nuclear capable.

India has also developed a supersonic cruise missile BrahMos which is by far the fastestcruise missile at Mach 2.6 and maximum range of 290 km.


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Naval and Sea Based Forces

After 1971 war against India, Pakistan rapidly

increased the size of its naval fleet which doubled

in the 1980s after a massive 3.2 billion dollar

military and economic aid by US President Ronald

Reagan.

At present, Pakistans navy owns over 45 vessels,

most of them of US or European origin which

include submarines, destroyers, frigates, patroland mine warfare boats.

Indian Navy on the other hand, is a three

dimensional naval force consisting of missile-


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ARMYS INTERVENTION IN

POLITICS


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Pakistan has been ruled by both democratic and military government.

From 1947 to 1958 as many as seven Prime Ministers of Pakistan either

resigned or were ousted.

On October 7th 1958 Pakistans civilian and first President Iskander Mirza in

collaboration with General Mohammad Ayub Khan abrogated Pakistans

constitution and declared Martial Law.

General Ayub Khan was the president from 1958 to 1969, and General Yahya

Khan from 1969 to 1971, with Zulfikar Ali Bhutto as the first civilian martial

law administrator.


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Bhuttuo ,Civilian, yet autocratic, rulecontinued from 1972 to 1977 under

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, but he was deposed by

General Zia-Ul-Haq.

In 1977, Gen Zia took administration of

gov from Bhotto, General Zia was killed in

a plane crash in 1988, after which Benazir

Bhutto, daughter of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, waselected as the Prime Minister of Pakistan.


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She was the youngest woman ever to be

elected the Head of Government and the

first woman to be elected as the Head of

Government of a Muslim country. Her

government was followed by that of

Nawaz Sharif, and the two leaders

alternated until the military coup byGeneral Pervez Musharraf in 1999


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The civilian government of Nawaz Sharif was abrogated by the military coup

of General Pervez Musharraf in 1999.

After the resignation of President Rafiq Tarar in 2001, Musharraf remained

the President of Pakistan till 2008.

The new Chief of Army Staff General Ashfaq Parvez Kiyani has raised his

stature in the eyes of the nation by declaring in his public statements that the

Army will not be involved in politics and will only play its constitutional role to

defend the country against external and internal threat to its security.


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THE MILITARY AND FUTURE OF

POLITICS IN PAKISTAN


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General Ashfaq Kiani's decree reversed the policy President Pervez

Musharraf of including the military in politics and removed a key pillar ofsupport from him.

He has no political or feudal linkages. Known to be cool, calculative and

expressionless, he has weathered many a crisis, including two assassination

attempts on the President, the red mosque incident and more recently, two

suicide bombings against GHQ and ISI.

under General Kayani, Pakistan Army is committed to provide full support to

President Asif Ali Zardari in the policies that he formulates.


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Thank you!!!

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