2d o hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2d? - summer school … · 2006-11-10 · t 2d? jean-marc...

14
Aoste 2006 2D or not 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika Othguy, Paul Billant & François Gallaire Ladhyx, CNRS/École polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability of quasi two-dimensional flows Rough Sea at Naruto in Awa Province Ando Hiroshige

Upload: lamque

Post on 15-Dec-2018

213 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

2D o

r no

t 2D?

Jean-Marc C

homaz,

Pantxika O

thguy, Paul B

illant

& F

rançois Gallaire

Ladhyx,

CN

RS

/École polytechnique

Palaiseau, F

rance

Hydrodynam

ic instability of quasi tw

o-dimensional flow

s

Rough S

ea at Naruto in A

wa P

rovinceAndo Hiroshige

Page 2: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

2

Surface vortices on the ocean

Plankton

Tasm

ania

Page 3: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

3

Meddies (M

editerranean eddy)

Cam

paigns AR

CA

NE

-CA

MB

IOS

IFR

EM

ER

1998

Arm

i et al nature 1988

Page 4: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

4

Atm

osphere, Atm

ospheres

Jupiter

© N

asaNeptune

Terre

Page 5: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

5

Saturne, N

AS

A, C

assini spacecraft imaging, betw

een 02/22 and 03/22/2004

Atm

osphere, Atm

ospheres ©

Nasa

Page 6: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

6

Mars A

ttacks ©

Nasa

Long colomnar vortex: dust D

evil

Page 7: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

7

Existence of 2D

vortices

yS

o many reasons to stay 2D

xT

aylor Proudm

an column

xS

tratification

xS

hallow flow

yS

o many instabilities to go 3D

xS

hear instability

xC

entrifugal instability

xE

lliptic instability

xH

yperbolic instability

xZ

igzag instability

xB

oundary layer instability

1

1

3DQ

uasi2D

Taylor P

roudman

column

Quasi

Geostrophic

Ro=U/ 2W L

h

F=U/ N L

h

Page 8: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

8

Instabilities of a infinite vortex

Axisym

metric

2D3D

m=

0

2p/k

Perturbations e

i(kx+m

q-wt), s

=-iw

Basic state

2p/m

Uq

Ux

k=0

m≠0, k≠0

Page 9: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

9

Stability of isolated vortices

zInertial gravity w

aves (dimensional analysis on the board)

Inertial wave: (q, angle of k w

ith the vertical)

w 2 = (2W

) 2cos 2q outside the vortexw

2 = (z + 2W ) 2cos 2q inside the vortex

Frequency between 0 and 2W

Trapped w

ave if z>0

Inertial gravity wave:

w 2 = N

2sin2q + (2W

) 2cos 2q outsidew

2 = N 2sin

2q + (z + 2W ) 2cos 2q inside

Trapped w

ave if z >0 and N

< 2W

orz <0 and N > 2W

Page 10: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

10

Stability of isolated vortices

dz /dr =0

Kloosterziel &

van Heijst (1991)

z the vorticity

z =

1/r d(ruq )/dr

yInflexion point (R

ayleigh)

zS

hear instability 2D

z

rr

uq

Page 11: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

11

Stability of isolated vortices

zS

hear instability 2D

Rayleigh E

quation

z

Page 12: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

12

Stability of isolated vortices

zS

hear instability 2DR

ayleigh Equations

z

z

z

Page 13: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

13

Stability of isolated vortices

yS

hear instability 2D physical m

echanism

yS

quire theorem2D

mode m

ost unstable fi k =

0

k // to u and ^ to the shear

Page 14: 2D o Hydrodynamic instability r n o t 2D? - Summer School … · 2006-11-10 · t 2D? Jean-Marc Chomaz, Pantxika ... CNRS/É cole polytechnique Palaiseau, France Hydrodynamic instability

Aoste 2006

14

That’s allFor today